Triangles

Grade 10th grade

Subject Maths

Type Previous year questions

📌 By Aashish Kumar ~

QUESTIONS:
Question 1. In ∆ABC, DE || BC, find the value of x. (2015)

Solution:
In ∆ABC, DE || BC …[Given
x(x + 5) = (x + 3)(x + 1)
x2 + 5x = x2 + 3x + x + 3
x2 + 5x – x2 – 3x – x = 3
∴ x = 3 cm

Triangles 1
 Question 2. The lengths of the diagonals of a rhombus are 24 cm and 32
cm. Calculate the length of the altitude of the rhombus. (2013)

Solution:
Diagonals of a rhombus are ⊥ bisectors of each other.
∴ ⊥AC BD,
OA = OC = AC2 ⇒242 = 12 cm
OB = OD = BD2 ⇒322 = 16 cm
In rt. ∆BOC,

Question 3. In a ∆ABC, DE || BC with D on AB and E on AC. If AD/DB=3/4 ,

find BC/DE. (2013)
Solution:
Given: In a ∆ABC, DE || BC with D on AB and E
on AC and ADDB=34
To find: BCDE
Proof. Let AD = 3k,

Triangles 2
 DB = 4k
∴ AB = 3k + 4k = 7k
In ∆ADE and ∆ABC,
∠1 = ∠1 …[Common
∠2 = ∠3 … [Corresponding angles
∴ ∆ADE ~ ∆ABC …[AA similarity

∠ ∠
Question [Link] the figure, BED = BDE & E divides BC in the ratio 2 : 1.
Prove that AF × BE = 2 AD × CF. (2015)

Solution:
Construction:
Draw CG || DF
Proof: E divides
BC in 2 : 1.
BE/EC=2/1 …(i)

Triangles 3
 Question 5. In ∆ABC, altitudes AD and CE intersect each other at the point
P. Prove that: (2014)
(i) ∆APE ~ ∆CPD
(ii) AP × PD = CP × PE
(iii) ∆ADB ~ ∆CEB
(iv) AB × CE = BC × AD
Solution:

Triangles 4
 Given. In ∆ABC, AD ⊥ BC & CE ⊥ AB.
To prove. (i) ∆APE ~ ∆CPD
(ii) AP × PD = CP × PE
(iii) ∆ADB ~ ∆CEB
(iv) AB × CE = BC × AD
Proof: (i) In ∆APE and ∆CPD,
∠ ∠ 1 = 4 …[Each 90°
∠ ∠ 2 = 3 …[Vertically opposite angles
∴ ∆APE ~ ∆CPD …[AA similarity
(ii) AP/CP=PE/PD … [In ~ ∆s corresponding sides are proportional
∴ AP × PD = CP × PE
(iii) In ∆ADB and ∆CEB,
∠ ∠ 5 = 7 …[Each 90°
∠ ∠ 6 = 6 …(Common
∴ ∆ADB ~ ∆CEB …[AA similarity
∴
(iv) AB/CB=AD/CE … [In ~ ∆s corresponding sides are proportional
∴ AB × CE = BC × AD
Question 6. In the given figure, XY || QR, PQ/XQ=7/3 and PR = 6.3 cm, find
YR. (2017OD)
Let YR = x

PQ/XQ=PR/YR … [Thales’ theorem

Triangles 5
 Question 7. X and Y are points on the sides AB and AC respectively of a
triangle ABC such that AX/AB=1/4, AY = 2 cm and YC = 6 cm. Find whether
XY || BC or not. (2015)
Solution:
Given: AXAB=14
Important Questions for Class 10 Maths Chapter 6 Triangles 17
AX = 1K, AB = 4K
∴ BX = AB – AX
= 4K – 1K = 3K

∴ XY || BC … [By converse of Thales’ theorem

Question 8. In the given figure, ∠A = 90°, AD ⊥ BC. If BD = 2 cm and CD =

8 cm, find AD. (2012; 2017D)

Solution:
∆ADB ~ ∆CDA …[If a perpendicular is drawn from the vertex of the right angle of
⊥
a rt. ∆ to the hypotenuse then As on both sides of the are similar to the whole
D and to each other

Triangles 6
 ∴ BDAD=ADCD …[∵ Sides are proportional
AD2 = BD , DC
AD2 = (2) (8) = 16 ⇒ AD = 4 cm

Question 9. A 6.5 m long ladder is placed against a wall such that its foot is
at a distance of 2.5 m from the wall. Find the height of the wall where the top
of the ladder touches it. (2015)
Solution:
Let AC be the ladder and AB be the wall.
∴ Required height, AB = 6 m

Question 10. In the figure, PQR and QST are two right triangles, right
angled at R and T resepctively. Prove that QR × QS = QP × QT. (2014)

Solution:
Given: Two rt. ∆’s PQR and QST.
Important Questions for Class 10 Maths Chapter 6 Triangles 81
To prove: QR × QS = QP × QT
Proof: In ∆PRQ and ∆STQ,
∠ ∠
1 = 1 … [Common
∠ ∠
2 = 3 … [Each 90°

Triangles 7
 ∆PRQ ~ ∆STO …(AA similarity
∴ QRQT=QPQS ..[In -∆s corresponding sides are proportional
∴ QR × QS = QP × QT (Hence proved)

⊥
Question 11. In the given figure, ∆ABC is right-angled at C and DE AB.
Prove that ∆ABC ~ ∆ADE and hence find the lengths of AE and DE. (2012,
2017D)

Solution:
∠
Given: ∆ABC is rt. ed at C and DE ⊥ AB.
AD = 3 cm, DC = 2 cm, BC = 12 cm
To prove:
(i) ∆ABC ~ ∆ADE; (ii) AE = ? and DE = ?
Proof. (i) In ∆ABC and ∆ADE,
∠ ∠
ACB = AED … [Each 90°
∠ ∠
BAC = DAE …(Common .
∴ ∆ABC ~ ∆ADE …[AA Similarity Criterion

(ii)∴ ABAD=BCDE=ACAE … [side are proportional

AB3=12DE=3+2AE
…..[In rt. ∆ACB, … AB2 = AC2 + BC2 (By Pythagoras’ theorem)
= (5)2 + (12)2 = 169
∴ AB = 13 cm

Triangles 8
 Question 12. In the figure ABC and DBC are two right triangles. Prove that
AP × PC = BP × PD. (2013)

∠1 = ∠4 … [Each = 90°
∠2 = ∠3 …[Vertically opp. ∠s
∴ ∆APB ~ ∆DPC …[AA corollary
⇒ BPPC=APPD … [Sides are proportional
∴ AP × PC = BP × PD

Question 13. In the given figure, CD || LA and DE || AC. Find the length of
CL if BE = 4 cm and EC = 2 cm. (2012)

Solution:
In ∆ABL, CD || LA

Triangles 9
 Question 14. A vertical pole of length 8 m casts a shadow 6 cm long on the
ground and at the same time a tower casts a shadow 30 m long. Find the
height of tower. (2014)
Solution:

Let BC be the pole and EF be the tower Shadow AB = 6 m and DE = 30 m.

In ∆ABC and ∆DEF,
∠ ∠2 = 4 … [Each 90°
∠ ∠1 = 3 … [Sun’s angle of elevation at the same time
∆ABC ~ ∆DEF …[AA similarity
ABDE=BCEF … [In -As corresponding sides are proportional
⇒ 630=8EF ∴ EF = 40 m

Triangles 10
 Question 15. In the figure, if DE || OB and EF || BC, then prove that DF ||
OC. (2014)
Solution:
Given. In ∆ABC, DE || OB and EF || BC
To prove. DF || OC
Proof. In ∆AOB, DE || OB … [Given

Triangles 11