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Understanding Persuasive Writing Techniques

The document discusses two basic styles of writing used to convince readers: persuasive writing and argumentative writing. Persuasive writing aims to convince readers through emotional appeals, while argumentative writing relies on logic and evidence. The document outlines the steps for each style, including stating an opinion, giving reasons/evidence, and restating the conclusion. It also provides examples and discusses how to defend a position on an issue by presenting reasonable arguments supported by factual evidence from properly cited sources.
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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
78 views6 pages

Understanding Persuasive Writing Techniques

The document discusses two basic styles of writing used to convince readers: persuasive writing and argumentative writing. Persuasive writing aims to convince readers through emotional appeals, while argumentative writing relies on logic and evidence. The document outlines the steps for each style, including stating an opinion, giving reasons/evidence, and restating the conclusion. It also provides examples and discusses how to defend a position on an issue by presenting reasonable arguments supported by factual evidence from properly cited sources.
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Presenting Reasonable arguments and factual

evidences

Objectives:
• Identify the two basic of writing that specialized at convincing;
•Distinguish the difference of two writing style.
•Identify the steps of each writing strategy
• Defends a stand on an issue by presenting reasonable arguments
supported by properly cited factual evidences.

TWO BASIC OF WRITING THAT SPECIALIZED AT


CONVINCING;

[Link] WRITING
• Persuasive appeals to readers’ emotions to make them believe something
or take specific action.
• Persuasion can also use logic and evidence.

STEPS IN PERSUASIVE WRITING


•State your opinion and introduce your argument.
•Give your reasons for your opinion. •Illustrate with examples to support your
opinion.
•Restate your opinion and your suggested solution.
Example:
Parents’ love which is illustrated with their sacrifices is worth recognition.
They send their children to school even if they have not gone to school
themselves, even if their own wants are sacrificed just to fund students’ needs.
You, dear students must recognize this immeasurable love of your parents by
being good in your studies.

2. ARGUMENTATIVE WRITING
•Argumentation relies on logic and evidence to build a case for a specific
claim.
•Argumentation de-emphasizes appeals to emotion.

STEPS IN ARGUMENTATIVE WRITING


• Make a claim
•Support your claim with reasons/evidence
•Acknowledge the counterclaim
•Refute the counterclaim
•Conclude with strong statement

Example:
Many students ignore the significance of doing well in their studies. They
often neglect their parents’ sacrifices by getting low grades or worst yet getting a
failing marks. On the other hand, psychologists say performance in school is
influenced by many factors which include peers. However, to fair well in school is
not only about influence but also about being exposed to social realities such as
difficulties of getting decent job. Thus, funding students to school becomes a big
sacrifice among parents.
PERSUASIVE VS. ARGUMENTATIVE

Characteristics of Persuasive
Claim • Claim is based on opinion. Purpose • Asked audience to do
something.
Basis • Based on character and emotion.

Characteristics of Argumentative
Claim • Based on factual evidences.
Purpose • Proves a point to the audience.
Basis • Based on stabilized positon and
Logic.

Defending a Stand on an Issue by Presenting


Reasonable Arguments

In making the defense, you have to ensure that you are addressing all sides of the
issue and presenting them in a manner that is easy for your audience to
understand. Your job is actually to take one side of the argument and persuade
your audience that you have well-founded knowledge of the topic being
presented. The following are the steps in presenting arguments to defend or
support a stand on an

1. Make Issue Criteria


Keep in mind that you have to persuade others and make them believe in your
claim. When shaping it, consider and ask yourself the following questions to
ensure that you will be able to present strong arguments on the issues.
•Is it a real issue with genuine controversy and uncertainty?
•Can I identify at least two distinctive positions?
•Am I personally interested in advocating one of these positions?
•Is the scope of the issue narrow enough to be manageable?
2. Collect Evidences from Properly – Cited Sources
Before deciding on a stand to defend, you should do some research on the
subject matter. While you may already have an opinion on your topic and an idea
about which side of the argument you want to take, you need to ensure that your
position is well supported. Listing the pro and con sides of the topic will help you
examine your ability to support your counterclaims, along with a list of supporting
evidence for both sides. You will find many different kinds of evidentiary sources.
Here is a list of the most common sources: surveys, descriptive studies, case
studies, academic journals, popular magazines, biographical information, quotes
or summaries of work from established authorities, statistics, laboratory research,
and textual analysis.
3. Make an Appeal to Your Audience
To convince a particular person that your own views are sound, you another
important part of defending a stand on an issue. This can help you strengthen
your position or claim. In an academic argument, logical appeals are the most
common, however, depending on your topic, ethical and emotional appeals may
be used as well. Your claim or position may be supported through three major
types of appeals:
a. Logical Appeals
-This is the use of facts in order to support and defend a position.
This means reasoning with your audience, providing them with facts
and statistics, or making historical and literal analogies. It persuades
the audience by targeting their thinking.
Example: More than one hundred peer-reviewed studies have been conducted
over the past decade, and none of them suggests that coconut milk is an effective
treatment for hair loss. In this argument, the peer – reviewed studies are used as
factual supports.

b. Emotional Appeals
-This is the use of the audience’s feelings for the subject of the paper
such as anger, pity, and aversion in order to persuade. It may also
refer to values that the reader may identify with such as the
importance of family ties, hospitality and the Bayanihan spirit.

Example: How can you say that the government shouldn’t censor the
internet?Think of the poor children who might be exposed to inappropriate
content.

c. Ethical Appeals
-This is the use of convincing an audience through the credibility of
the persuader, be it a notable or experienced figure in the field or
even a popular celebrity.

Example: As a doctor, I am qualified to tell you that this course of treatment will
likely generate the best results.
Here, people tend to believe the opinions of doctors in the matter of medical
treatments. The audience consider the argument because of the credibility of the
speaker.

4. Organize your Viewpoints or Arguments


In presenting arguments, you are typically asked to take a position on an issue or
topic and explain and support your position with research from reliable and
credible sources. The argument you are making should be clear within your thesis
statement. You should have several reasons or points of discussion that help you
to support your argument. You will explain and support these reasons. As with all
academic writing, you’ll need to cite any information that you used from a source.

Sample Outline
l. Introduction
A. Introduce the topic
B. Provide background on the topic to explain why it is important
C. Assert the thesis (your view of the issue).

Common questions

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Emotional appeals in persuasive writing aim to engage the audience's feelings, such as empathy, fear, or anger, to inspire action or commitment to an idea. By targeting emotions like the importance of family ties or social justice, these appeals can strengthen the argument's impact on the audience, making them more likely to be swayed as emotions influence perceptions and decisions .

To effectively defend a stand on an issue, one must make sure the issue is genuine and controversial, identify at least two positions, collect evidence from reliable sources, and make logical, emotional, and ethical appeals as needed. The presentation should acknowledge and refute counterclaims to sustain a balanced view, ensuring that the argument addresses multiple perspectives without bias .

Balancing logical, emotional, and ethical appeals involves strategically combining these elements to cater to the audience's rationality, emotions, and trust. Logical appeals should form the foundation to provide the argument with clear, evidence-based reasoning. Emotional appeals can be used to create a connection with the audience, while ethical appeals build rapport and credibility. The integration should be context-dependent, recognizing what the audience values most concerning the topic to ensure persuasive effectiveness .

Organizing viewpoints in argumentative writing involves introducing the topic, providing background information, and clearly asserting the thesis. This organization ensures clarity and helps structure the argument logically. It typically includes several supporting points with evidence cited from credible sources and concludes by reinforcing the thesis. A well-organized argument helps the audience follow the logic and understand the significance of the claim being made .

Surveys and case studies are valuable because they provide empirical data and real-world examples that can support claims with concrete evidence. Surveys offer statistical insights reflecting broader trends, while case studies provide detailed examinations of specific instances that highlight particular aspects of an issue. Together, they enhance the argument's credibility by grounding it in verifiable and relatable contexts .

Acknowledging a counterclaim strengthens an argumentative essay by demonstrating the writer's awareness of different perspectives and potential weaknesses in their argument. It also allows the writer to address and refute these counterclaims, showing the robustness of their original position through logical reasoning and evidence, thereby enhancing the essay's overall credibility .

Logical appeals involve the use of facts, statistics, and reasoned arguments to support a position. This can include citing peer-reviewed studies, making historical analogies, and presenting statistical data to persuade the audience by appealing to their rational thinking processes. For example, in an argument about coconut milk's effectiveness for hair loss, referencing over a hundred peer-reviewed studies pointing to its ineffectiveness would constitute a logical appeal .

Persuasive writing primarily appeals to the readers' emotions and character to convince them to take a specific action or adopt a belief. It is based on opinion and aims to sway the audience's feelings. In contrast, argumentative writing relies on logic and factual evidence to prove a point, focusing on stabilizing a position through logical reasoning rather than emotional appeals .

Ethical appeals enhance credibility by leveraging the authority and reliability of the persuader, such as when a doctor speaks on medical treatments. The audience is more likely to trust and be persuaded by the argument due to the speaker's expertise or reputation. However, relying solely on ethical appeals can be limiting if the audience questions the speaker's credibility or if the argument lacks substantive support from logic and evidence .

Defining the scope of an issue narrowly ensures that the argument remains focused and manageable, preventing it from becoming unwieldy. A well-defined scope allows for deeper exploration of the topic, providing detailed analysis and evidence, which contributes to a more persuasive and coherent argument. This focus helps the audience better understand the complexities of the issue at hand .

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