PROCESS
TIP FOR PROCESS DIAGRAM
o Process diagrams show how something is done or made. They always
show steps/ stages. Here’s some advice about how to describe them:
¨ Try to write 4 paragraphs- introduction, summary of main
points, 2 detail paragraphs.
¨ Write the introduction by paraphrasing the question ( rewrite
it by changing some of the words).
¨ For your summary, first say how many steps there are in the
process. Then say where/ how the process begins and ends (
look at the first and last stages).
¨ In paragraphs 3 and 4, describe the process step by step.
Include the first and last step that you mentioned in the
summary, but try to describe them in more details or in a
different way.
¨ You could describe the steps in one paragraph, but it looks
more organized if you break the description into two
paragraphs. Just start paragraph 4 somewhere in the middle
of the process.
¨ Mention every stage in the process.
¨ Use “ sequencing “ language e.g. at the first, second,
following, following this, following that, at this point,
subsequently, that final stage of the process, next, after that,
then, finally, …
¨ Times ( e.g past dates ) are not usually shown, so use the
present simple tense.
¨ It’s usually a good idea to use the passive e.g ‘ at the final
stage, the product is delivered to shops’ ( because we don’t
need to know who delivered the product).
o FOR EXAMPLE:
1. INTRODUCTION:
The diagram illustrates how wine is made in small- scale winery.
2. OVERALL:
Overall, there are totally 8 stages and some automated machines are
involved in wine production, starting with harvesting grapes and
endling with transporting wine bottles to the warehouse.
3. BODY 1:
First of all, grapes are harvested from the vineyard either by workers
or by special machinery, following this step, the gathered crop is put
in containers. Next, grapes are washed, and leaves and stems are
removed from vines by hand before the grapes are crushed by a
presser to produce grape juice.
4. BODY 2:
At this point, yeast is added to the grape juice so that it is fermented.
The juice is poured in barrels, which are made of oak wood to
complete of fermentation. The resulting liquid is then left in barrels
for two months to be completely fermented. When the wine is ready, it
is poured into bottles, which are labeled before being shipped to the
storage unit by trucks.
o PRACTICE 1:
The process of making cherry jam
o PRACTICE 2:
OVERALL: 10 steps from the 1st to the final step.
BODY 1: from 1 -4
BODY 2: from 5-10