CONSTRUCTION MANAGEMENT

Objective Questions
1. Construction site planning is concerned with
 Work progress at site
 Minimize the chances of wastages, deterioration and losses
 Maximize the safety and execution of work
2. Construction site planning is mainly depends upon the
 Nature of the work
 Site condition
 Method of execution
3. The types of construction in which more equipment are used, is known as capital intensive while the
construction in which more human labours are used, is called
 Labour intensive
4. During storage of cement, the bag of cement should be kept…………cm apart from the walls.
 30 cm
5. Earned value analysis is used for comparing…………of the project
 Actual progress with planned progress
6. A project is
 An organized team work to achieve a set task within the time limit
7. Policy is
 A set of broad guidelines stipulated by management
8. The expected project duration in CPM follow
 Normal distribution curve
9. The relation between jobs of a particular type and various durations they have consumed for completion
is expressed by
 Frequency distribution curve
10. The constraint in case of resource smoothing operation would be
 Project duration time
11. " In resource leveling the main constraint would be
 On the resources
12. A construction schedule is prepared after collecting
 Number of operations
 Output
 Quantity of various items
 Output of machinery
13. The main principle of an organization, is
  Unity of command & coherency
 Effective control at all level
 Delegation of authority
14. The main advantage of line organization is
 Effective command and control
 Defined responsibilities at all levels
 Ability to quick decision at all level
 Strict discipline in the organization
15. The main disadvantage of line organization is
 Monopoly at top level
 Rigid structure
 Delay in communication
16. Miliatry organization is known as
 Line organization
17. Line organization is mostly suitable for
 Simple work
18. Types of organization used in construction industry is
 Line organization
19. Frederick W. Taylor introduced a system of working known as
 Functional organization
20. The salient feature of functional organization, is
 Strict adherence to specifications
 Separation of planning and deficiency
 Each individual maintains functional design part
 Work is properly planned and distributed
21. Line & staff organization is mostly suitable for
 Simple work
 Complicated work
22. In histogram, more prominent will be the differences in heights between the bars if
 Range is small
23. Gantt chart indicates
 Comparison of actual progress with the scheduled progress
24. The diagrammatic representation of the activity of the entire project is called
 Network
25. In a bar chart the length of horizontal lines for activity A and B are 2 cm and 4 cm respectively. Which
one is correct about the activity A & B ?
 Activity 'B' need more duration for completion
 Activity 'A' need more duration for completion
 Completion time for activities 'A' and 'B' are same
  None of the above
26. Bar charts are considered suitable for
 Minor projects
27. Which types of network was first developed for planning of any project?
 Bar chart
28. On a bar chart the various activities of a project are shown by
 Horizontal lines
29. Jobs going ahead of schedule are conveniently shown in
 Gnatt chart
30. The upper portion of horizontal bars in a bar chart indicates
 Progress of work in the specified time
31. Henry Gnatt developed the bar chart technique in
 1900 AD
32. Milestone charts are developed in
 1340 AD
33. Gantt/Bar chart is drawn for
 Time versus activity
34. The limitations of bar chart are
 Interdependencies of activities
 Project progress
 Uncertainties
35. The weakness in bar charts is
 The various activities are interdependent
 Uncertainty in duration for various activities
 The sequence of activities is not very clear
36. A milestone chart
 Shows the events in chronological, but not in a logical sequence
37. The interrelationship between the functional elements of aprogramme is achieved through
 Work break down structure
38. Gantt chart is drawn for
 Time versus activity
39. A drawn back of bar chart is
 Sequence of activities is not clearly defined
40. Time and progress chart of a construction is known as
 Bar chart
 Gnatt chart
  CPM
41. The amount of time required performing any event in case of PERT should be..................... CPM.
 Less than
 Greater than
 Equal to
42. PERT technique of network analysis is useful for
 Research and development project
43. An event is
 The terminals of an activity
44. PERT means
 Programme evaluation and review technique
45. PERT is
 Event oriented
46. 'Wait' in PERT, belongs to the category of
 Activity
47. In PERT technique, completion of an activity is called
 Head event
48. The benefit of the PERT network is taken by the management in
 Formulating a new schedule
 Coordinating various tasks
 Readjusting the time to meet the target
49. Which of the following time estimate is related to PERT?
 Most likely time estimate
 Pessimistic time estimate
 Optimistic time estimate
50. The event which act as head as well as tail for different activities is, called
 Dual role event
51. If for an activity optimistic time is 1 day, pessimistic time is 11 days and most likely time is 3 days then
the expected time is
 4 days
52. Of the following, the PERT event is
 Concrete cured
53. PERT analysis is based on
 Optimistic time
 Pessimistic time
 Most likely time
54. In PERT analysis, the start and end of event is represented by
  Event
55. The probability of completion of any activity within its expected time in PERT is
 50 %
56. If the probability factor is zero, the chances of completing the project in scheduled time.
 50 %
57. You are going to design a new computer programme, which would you like to prefer?
 PERT
58. Bar chart is used for minor project, CPM is used for repetitive work while PERT is used for
 Uncertainty time and resources types of work
59. Standard deviation when the optimistic time is 1 day, pessimistic time is 11 days and most likely time is
3 days
 1.67 days
60. In PERT analysis the actual performance of task is known as
 Event
61. Line of balance technique is used for
 Comparison of actual progress with the scheduled progress
62. In PERT, optimistic time in which any activity can possibly be accomplished
 The minimum time in which any activity can possibly be accomplished
63. In PERT, pessimistic time is
 The maximum time which an activity might require
64. In PERT, the most likely time is
 The time which has the highest probability of occurrence
65. If a is the optimistic time, b is the pessimistic time and m is the most likely time, then the average time
is equal to
𝑎 + 4𝑚 𝑏

6
66. In PERT analysis, the time estimates of activities and probability of their occurrence follow a
 β distribution curve
67. Negative slack occurs
 When deficiency of resources exist.
68. A stage or point where all previous jobs merging in it are completed and all further jobs bursting out are
still to be completed is known as a
 Event
69. The latest allowable time for any event i is equal to

 Minimum of (T L j-t Eij )

70. SLACK time refers to an
 Event
71. The minimum number of years required to complete any research project may be
 One year
 Two year
 Three year
72. An event is indicated on the network by a number enclosed in
 A circle
 Square
 A triangle
 An ellipse
73. Slack time in PERT analysis
 Is minimum for critical events
74. The area under the β-curve is divided into two equal parts by
 Expected time
75. For a β-distribution curve, if to is the optimistic time and tp the pessimistic time then the standard
deviation will be equal
𝑡𝑝 − 𝑡0

6
76. For a curve, larger the variance
 Greater will be the uncertainty
77. If an activity has its optimistic, most likely and pessimistic time are 2, 4,& 6 respectively, then its
expected time and variance are respectively
 4 and 4/9
78. CPM means
 Critical path method
79. A CPM family includes
 Citical path analysis (CPA)
 Critical path plotted (CPP)
 Critical path scheduling (CPS)
80. In CPM analysis
 Emphasis is given to activities
 Ucertainties are not allowed
 Activities are represented by arrow
81. Choose the incorrect statement
 Arrow representing activity in CPM network is drawn without any scale
 Head of an activity represents the finish of an activity
 Tail of an activity represents the start of an activity
 None of the above
82. The occurrence of the starting of an activity is called its
 Tail event
83. The occurrence of the completion of an activity is called its
 Head event
84. The difference between total float and free float is called interferring float which is nothing but the
 Slack of head event
85. CPM adopts
 Determinastic approach
86. CPM network is
 Activity oriented
87. The scheduled completion time of an operation in CPM chart is mentioned on
 Left top corner outside the circle
88. Which operation must complete first ?
 Left of the line joining two circle
89. Number of pre-operation associated with an operation may be
 More than one
90. In a network, the activity which neither takes time nor resources is called -
 Redundant activity
 Dummy activity
91. The maximum number of tail event occuring in a CPM is
 One
92. The maximum number of head event occuring in a CPM is
 One
93. The maximum number of redundant activity in a CPM chart may be'
 Zero
 One to five
 Five to ten
 Any of the above
94. The activity which consumes maximum time is called
 Critical activity
 Non-critical activity
 Super critical activity
 None of the above
95. The number of post-activity associated with head event may be
 Zero
96. The post-operations in CPM are marked
  Right to an operation
97. In CPM method, the earliest finish is indicated by time on
 Top right, outside the circle, in rectangle
98. Latest finish time in CPM technique is indicated by
 Rectangle
99. When the times of earliest finish and the latest fmish aro equal in an operation, the operation is called
 Critical
100. An example for a parallel activity is
 Completing ground floor and starting first floor
 Wall and carpentry work of doors and windows
 Completion of flooring and initiating white washing
 Digging of a well and of septic tank
101. A dummy activity ,
 Does not require any resources or any time
102. Critical path is
 Ideal path by preceeding along which the project can be completed as per the schedule.
103. The minimum number of critical path in a net work should be
 1
104. Critical path network helps the engineer to
 Concentrate his attention on critical activities
 Divert the different resourced from non-critical activities to critical activities
 Be cautious for avoiding any delay in the critical activities
105. In CPM, "Forward Pass" and "Backward Pass" are used to calculate …………respectively.
 Earliest expected time and latest allowable time
106. Float is
 Time available-time required for an activity
107. Positive float can occur when it is
 Sub-critical activity
108. Negative float can occur when it is
 Super-critical activity
109. Positive slack indicates
 Ahead of schedule condition
110. Negative slack indicates
 Behind the schedule condition
111. The slack for an event i is given by
 𝑇𝐿𝑖 − 𝑇𝐸𝑖
112. Variance is
 Mean of squared deviations
113. The estimated time required to complete an activity is termed as
 Duration
114. Free float is mainly used to
 Identify the activities, which can be delayed without affecting the total float of succeeding activity
115. Whenever activity has zero total float, then
 Free float and independent float both must be zero
116. Total float for any activity is defmed as the difference between
 Its latest start time and earliest start time
117. Free float for any activity is defmed as the difference between
 Its earliest finish time and earliest start time for its successor activity
118. The time by which a particular activity may be delayed without affecting the preceeding and
succeeding activities is known as
 Independent float
119. Which of the following in a CPM network activity?
 Concrete cured
 Walls plastered
 Excavation for foundation
 All of the above
120. The square root of the variance is known as
 Standard deviation
121. The variance will be zero if
 Each individual deviation is zero
122. According to Fulkerson's, the correct event numbers corresponding to event A, B, C, D, E of the
network shown in figure
 1, 3, 2, 4, 5, 6 and 7 respectively
123. A fictious activity with zero duration and no cost used to maintain the sequential order of the activities
in network is known as a
 Dummy activity
124. Earliest finish time of an activity is always
 Equal to or less than earliest event time of the following node
125. Latest start of activity is always
 More than or equal to latest events time of preceeding node
126. Latest start time is the
 Latest time by which an activity can be started without delaying the project
127. The difference between the total float and the free float is termed as
 Interfering float
128. The independent float affects only
 Particular activity
129. The free — float affects only
 Preceeding activities
130. What are essential to draw CPM ?
 Resource
 Labour requirement
 Machine required
 Time expenditure
131. Critical—path connecting the start and end events time wise is
 Longest path always
132. Critical activities having total float are
 Zero
133. The activity which consumes maximum time is called a
 Event
 Node
 Critical
 None of the above
134. The figure indicates
 Merge
135. The figure indicates
 Burst
136. Completion of an activity on CPM network diagram, is generally known as
 Event
 Node
 Connector
137. Free float is the
 Portion of positive total float
138. When all the paths are arranged according to the descending order of the float, the path which is next
to the critical path is known as
 Under-critical path
 Sub-critical path
 Semi-critical path
139. In CPM
 Cost optimization is given prime importance
140. Which method is known as minimum cost or maximum time schedule method
  CPM
141. Critical path
 Is the shortest path
 Bad black
 Has the maximum slack
 Has the minimum slack
142. tij and tijE indicates the time required for completion of an activity in CPM and PERT respectively. Here
the subscript E stands for
 Uncertainity factor concerned with PERT
143. Which of the following does not represent an activity?
 Site located
 Foundation is being dug
 The office area is being cleaned
 The invitations are being sent
144. Critical path is
 Always longest
145. For completion of a project, the CPM of the network represents
 Maximum time
146. In a CPM/PERT network, the number of event is
 Less than number of activity
 More than the number of activity
 Equal to the number of activity
147. Economic saving of time is obtained by crashing
 Cheapest critical activity
148. Crash project duration is obtained by adding the
 Crash durations for all the activities along the critical path
149. Crashing is
 Reduction in duration
150. At an event other than final event if no activity emerges it results in an error called
 Dangling
151. If the path of activities leads back into itself, the resulting error in the network is known as
 Looping
152. Updating may result in
 Change of critical path
 Decrease of project completion time
 Increase of project completion time
153. Total project time is the
 Sum of duration of critical activities
154. If 𝜎1 , 𝜎2 , 𝜎3 ……are the standard deviations of completion for the activities along the critical path, the
standard deviations of the time of completion of the project is given by

𝜎 + 2 𝜎22 + 𝜎32 …………….

 𝜎𝑡𝐸 = √ 1 𝑛

155. The technique for establishing and maintaining priorites among the various jobs of a project, is known
as
 Critical ratio scheduling
156. If D is the duration, ES and EF are the earlist start and earliest finish time, LS and LF are latest start and
latest finish time, then following relation holds good
 EF = ES + D
 LS = LF – D
 LF = LS + D
157. An activity is
 A definite job
158. Higher standard deviations means
 Higher uncertainity
159. Probability factor is
scheduled time − earliest expected time
 standard deviation

160. Relation between contractor, consultant & engineer should be

 Cooperative to each other
 Should not create the stage of quarreling
 If any problem created, there should be mutualization for discussion
161. The owner gets the assurance of work progress and quality from
 Engineer
162. Find the variance if tp = 14 days, tm = 6 days and to = 2 days.
 4
163. The which one is not concerned with the responsibility of Engineer
 Accounting
164. The progress of the project is determined from
 Regular meeting
 By making report
 Visiting to site
165. The pictorial representation of activities and events of a project is known as
 Net work
166. Residential buildings are treated as
 Light work
167. Power stations are generally treated as
  Industrial
168. The railway projects are treated as
 Heavy
169. Pre-tender stage requires
 Selection of site and acquisition of land
 Finalisation of alignment of work
 Finalisation of designs and preparation of estimate
170. Which types of tender generally prefer
 Schedule of rate
 Cost change
 Basic charge
171. While filling the tender for any work, the contractor considers quotation?
 Site survey
 Availibilty of labour
 Study of specification
172. Tender is awarded for
 Lowest cost
173. Tender is called for'
i) To minimize the cost of an item
ii) To find exact rate of item of unknown item
iii) To take minimum rate from contractor
 Both (i) and (iii)
174. Local tender is not favorable due to following reasons:
 Engineer or site in charge pressurized
175. If a contractor is found corrupt for tender work then what should be done by the concerned office
 His tender is cancelled
176. Tender document does not contain
 Unit rate
177. The amount of earnest money generally deposited at the time of submission of tender is
 2-3% of estmated amount
178. Generally in GoN office, what is the main intention of Office Chief
 Direct purchase
179. The amount of VAT for the purchase of steel having an amount of NRs. 6000/- should be
 780/-
180. If damage occurred within specified time internal, it falls on the work of
 Contractor
181. For the construction of a project, a contractor is a
  A person
 A firm
 An agency
182. A golden rule for the procurement of goods, suggests
 67% at the site and 33% under procurement
183. The 1st stage of a construction is
 Initiation of proposal
184. The most critical stage of a construction is
 Foundation
185. The minimum no. of parties for doing any contract/agreement should be
 Two
186. What are the essential components of a valid contract?
 Offer and acceptance
 Free consent
 Legal relationship
187. At present, in Nepal the types of contract normally followed in housing project to save the
government taxes is
 Labour contract
188. The types of'contract followed in Middle-Marsyangdi hydro electricity project is
 Item rate contract
189. The types of contract followed in Manmohan Memorial Polytechnic Institute (Hatimuda, Morang) is
 Turnkey contract
190. The price of tender document for the bidding amount upto two crore is (Source:PPR2064(48))
 3000.00
191. During construction of governmental buildings the project became delayed due to delay in payment,
unusual -weather, civil disturbances etc. The reason, delay in payment will be considered for extra claim or
not?
 Considered
192. In the construction industry arbitration method is used for
 Inviting the tender
 Opening the tender
 Awarding the tender
 None of the above
193. Site order book is used for recording
 Instruction of site incharge
194. The minimum number of parties for any types of dispute should be
 2
195. While making the agreement of any contract, the legal authority is appointed by
 Single party
196. The authority of Gazetted third officer for the approval of estimate is (Source:PPR 2064(14))
 < 10 million
197. The maximum amount for approval of tender by Gazetted 3rd class officer is (Source:PPR 2064(67))
 < three crore
198. The methods used for dispute resolution on any construction industry are
 Dispute adjudication board
 Amicable settlement
 Arbitration
199. Which is the tri-party dispute resolution procedure for the settlement construction industry?
 Dispute adjudication board
 Arbitration procedure
200. The number of members nominated in dispute adjudication board are
 One or three
201. The remuneration of members of dispute adjudication board is paid by
 Contractor and client
202. A frequency distribution curve
 Having single lump is called unimodal curve
 If symmetrical is called normal curve
 If unsymmetrical is called skew curve
203. The mean coincides with the node, if frequency distribution curve is
 Symmetrical
204. If the height of the frequency-distribution underneath is equal to unity, then curve is known as
 Normal distribution curve
205. Restraint is a restriction having
 Positive duration
 Negative duration
206. The first step for formulation of any contract is
 Publishing the tender
207. The amount of money deposited while bidding a tender as a willingness of carry out the work is called
 Earnest money
208. The amount of money deposited by successful bidder performance is called
 Performance/security money
209. The object of technical drawing is
 Preparation of estimate
  Preparation of estimate
 Initiating the procurement action resources
210. The amount of money paid to the contractor by the client after the agreement and before the
execution of work, is known as
 Mobilization
211. The increase in price of materials during the construction is called
 Escalation
212. The main criteria for the selection of any contractor to perform any work are
 Financial and technical
 Technical and equipment
 Equipment and experience
213. If the completion time for a particular project is 6 .weeks and its expected time is 8 weeks, then the
slack time for the project is
 – 2 weeks
214. According to "Contract Act 2055" the number of classes of contractor are
 4
215. Any event affecting the project should be claimed to 'client by the contractor within
 28 days
216. The types of format in which the records of labors are kept on daily basis for executing works is known
as
 Muster roll
217. Quality control is done by
 Consultant
218. Quality assurance presents
 Contractor
219. Project maintenance is concerned with
 Maintenance of machine
 Maintenance of useful life of plant
 To maximize the return on investment
220. Preventive maintenance is a types of
 Planned maintenance
221. The relation between contractor and client should be
 Decisive & co-operative
222. During excavation of earth work supports are necessarily required excavation exceeds more than
 4 ft
223. Unsafe working condition in construction industry causes
 Minor accident
  Fatal accident
 Death of workers
224. What are the causes of accidents ?
 Physical reasons
 Psychological reasons
 Physiological reasons
225. To reduce accident, beware in construction site it should be
 Education and training
 To aware of personal using equipment
 To use medicine while there is accident
226. In many project responsibility of safety is given to
 Contractor
227. Who is responsible for accident occurring at site?
 Contractor
228. Aggregate planning is planning for
 Whole project
229. Modular co-ordination of construction means proper
 Planning
 Designing
 Execution
230. The objective of technical planning is
 Preparation of specifications and estimates
 Initiating the procurement action of resources
 Taking remedial action about bottle-neck in execution
231. For the execution of work in time, work plan is prepared by
 Contractor
232. Monitoring is done for the purpose to
 Make our programme effective
 Collect and analyze information
 Review the progress critically
233. The process of studying the result/output of a project is known as
 Evaluation
234. Evaluation of work is done to get as well as reform the expected output. The types of evaluation which
is done before the implementation is known as
 Ex-ante
235. Monitoring helps for evaluation while evaluation helps for
 Monitoring
 Future planning
 Necessary action
236. Monitoring for project work is checked by
 Quality control
 Quality assurance
 Cost control
237. Monitoring & supervision for quality control is done for
 Meet the required strength
 Meet the required quality
 To reduce the haltage
238. Which one is the basis of project?
 Planning
 Scheduling
 Monitoring & supervising
239. If variation occurs, what happens
 Price increases
 Project time increases
 Price decreases
240. In any project the works contracted with consultant and department. If drawings have been changed,
how much authority of department head to give variation of……….percent of original contract amount in
contract procedure? (Source:PPA 2063(54))
 15%
241. The document giving the information about the tender, prequalification, contractor, construction;
procurement of materials and services is called
 PPA/PPR
242. The authority of Gazatted First Class to approve the variation amount upto------of the original contract
value. (Source:PPA 2063(54))
 10%
243. If the variation amount is more than 15% of the original contract value of sixty million, then approval
of the variation of cost is maybe done by
 Department head
244. Due to alteration of any component of the project the cost of original contract value
 Increases
 Decreases
 Constant
245. Due to alteration of any component of the project the duration of project
 Increases
 Decreases
 Constant
246. Due to omission of any component of the project the cost of project
 Decreases
247. Due to omission of any component of the project the duration of project may be
  Constant
248. The time below witch the duration can not be further reduced is known as
 Crash time
249. The cost corresponding to crash time is
 Direct cost is maximum
 Indirect cost is minimum
 Total cost may be maximum
250. The time corresponding to minimum total project cost is
 Optimistic time
251. The time with which direct cost does not reduce with the increase in time is known as
 Normal time
252. The cost corresponding to the completion of activity within normal time is
 Normal cost
253. The direct cost of a project with respect to normal time is
 Minimum
254. The reduction n project time normally results in
 Increasing the direct cost and decreasing the indirect cost
255. The total cost verses time curve of an activity is
 U shaped curve
256. Assuming that the cost varies with time, the cost — slope is defined as
crash cost − normal cost

normal time − crash time
257. Direct cost of a project is due to
 Cost of materials and wages of labor
258. Indirect cost of project
 Increase with duration
259. Total project cost
 Initially reduces with time and then increases with further increases
260. The reduction in project time normally results in
 Increasing the direct cost and decreasing the indirect cost
261. In a time-cost optimization using CPM the crashing of the activities along the critical path is done
starting with the activity having
 Least cost slope
262. Contractor's prequalification is required for project cost above (Source:PPR2064(3))
 20 Million
263. Construction activities at site are associated with the management of
 Manpower
 Machines and equipments
 Materials
264. The various types of contract are
 Turnkey contract
 Lump sum contract
 Unit price contract
265. Mediation shall include the individuals directly involved in the dispute except
 Attorneys
266. The purpose of preparing job-layout for a construction project is :
 More economical method of working
 Reduction in wastage and deterioration of materials
 Higher productivity from labour and machinery
267. Systematic reporting of work progress is the main objective of
 Flow process chart
268. Duty of obligation to satisfactorily perform a task that one must fulfill, and which has a consequent
penalty for failure is :
 Responsibility
269. An offer in writing to execute some specified civil works at certain rates within a fixed time under
certaion conditions of contract is called :
 Bid
270. The report prepared at the end of finishing a construction job is called :
 Completion report
271. Which of the following column is left blank in Bidding documentary by the employing agency ?
 Volume of works
 Unit of works
 Unit rate of items
 Description of items
272. As per Public items c Procurement Act/Regulation minimum time required for tender notice is :
 30 days
273. Which of the following is a primary process for procurement of goods and services from a competitive
market?
 Bidding
274. An agreement between two parties or more to do or not to do any work is known as :
 Contract
275. A written offer submitted by contractors to execute certain work at certain rates within a fixed time is
called :
  Tender
276. The document announcing to prospective bidders that the owner. is ready to receive the bids is called
 Notice to bidders
277. Acquisition of land for any construction should intension to acceptance be perfomed :
 Before tender
278. All measurement should be recorded in a :
 Measurement book
279. The time between ordering of the goods or materials and receiving and placing them into use at the
point of need is called :
 Lead time
280. According to the Public Procurement Regulation, 2064, who approves the prequalification criteria ?
(Source:PPR 2064(33))
 Concerned department chief
281. The supplementary specification prepared and applied if the standard specification does not cover the
requirement of works under a contract is called:
 Perfomance specification
282. The purpose of bid evaluation is to determine:
 Lowest evaluated substantially responsive bid
283. Which of the following is not Bid document?
 Condition of contract
 Specification
 Performance security form
 Letter of acceptance
284. Which of the following is not a reason for establishing good occupational health and safety standard?
 Economic
 Legal
 Religious
 Moral
285. The technique used for the management and development of Polaris Missile in American Navy Force is
 PERT
286. An EPC contract means :
 Engineering, procurement and construction
287. The chart which gives an estimate about the amount of materials handling between various work
stations is known as :
 Travel chart
288. One of the tools for monitoring and evaluation of projects is :
 Logical framework approach
289. For a safe working environment in the working site "Tool Box Talk" is conducted
 Before start of day's work
290. The money of the contractor retained by the department during payments is called :
 Retention money
291. Procurement of service means
 Hiring consultant
292. Construction management involves :
 Construction equipment
 Construction is being dug
 Skilled and unskilled manpower
293. Construction activities at site are associated with the management of :
 Manpower
 Materials
 Machines & equipments
294. The purposes of preparing job-layout for a construction project is :
 Reduction in wastage & deterioration of materials
295. Earnest money is a ……… towards the execution of a publicly tender government contract .
 Deposit
296. Quality control is done by using the method of
 Supervision of work
297. Mile stones are
 Beginning of various activities
298. The personnel involved in a project are provided safety measures for
 Minimizing the accident rates
 Eliminating fetal accidents
 Increasing efficiency of workers
299. A turn key contract is offered for
 Planning
 Designing
 Construction
300. A variation order is issued to an contractor by the authorized personnel of the client when
 It becomes necessary to change design and drawing
 The quantity of items given in the contract document is to be charged
 New items of work are required to be added
301. The earned value technique in construction management is also known as
 S-curve
302. Amicable settlement means
  Setettled by two parties
303. Codes used in Nepal for building construction/design is
 National Building Codes (NBC)
304. A contractor can start the construction works following the receipts of
 Notice to proceed
305. Force majeure in contract is:
 Occurrence of an act beyond the control of both the parties in contract agreement
 Preventing both parties to perform the respective obligation agreed