A
MICRO PROJECT REPORT
ON
"Wired And Wireless Network Set-
up"
SUBMITTED BY
Roll No. Name of students
143 Mulani Nabil Mohsin
144 Nalavade Akash hanmant
145 Nalavade Vedant Narayan
146 Nikam Sankalp vijay
147 Nire Kapish Ashutosh
148 Pathan Awej Ayub
UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF
Prof. Miss. Bagade .Pooja .P
DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER ENGINEERING [CO]
ACADEMIC YEAR 2022-2023
CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that the Micro project work entitled
"Wired And Wireless Network Set-
up"
Has been successfully completed by
Roll No. Name of students
143 Mulani Nabil Mohsin
144 Nalavade Akash hanmant
145 Nalavade Vedant Narayan
146 Nikam Sankalp vijay
147 Nire Kapish Ashutosh
148 Pathan Awej Ayub
In fulfillment for the
Diploma in Computer Engineering
Maharashtra State Board of Technical Education During the academic year
2022—23 under the guidance of
Prof, Miss Bagade .Pooja .P Mr. Omkar Khairmode
Project Guide H.O.D
Dr. V. A. Pharande
Principal
DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER ENGINEERING
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
During the selection of topic entitled as, "Wired And Wireless
Network Set-up", the help we received from our professors, family,
and friends is invaluable and we are forever indebted to them.
We would first like to express our gratitude to our Principal
Dr. V. A. Pharande Our HOD Mr. Omkar Khairmode and our
Project Guide Ms. Prof, Miss. Bagade .Pooja .P for their immense
support, suggestion, encouragement and interest in our micro project
work. Without their invaluable suggestions our project selection would
be incomplete.
Last but not least, we would like to thank our friends, parents
and group members for their belief and patience in our endeavor.
Date:-
Place:- Satara
Academic Year2022-23
Abstract
One Of The Inescapable Facts Of The Electronic Age Is The
Profusion Of The Wires. Wires Are Used To Carry Raw Electricity
To Our Gadgets And Wires To Link Gadgets Together. Today’s
Society Is Becoming More And More Mobile, Both At Home And
At Work. Business All Over The World Are Redefining The Work
Environment, Once Confined To The Office, To Include The
Activities In Airplane, In Automobiles, Home, Offices, Hotels And
Customer Sites. The Need To Access The Data While Out Of The
Office Has Increased Exponentially, Creating A New Breed Of
Mobile Professionals Who Are Equipped For All The Time,
Everywhere Data Access. Standard Equipment For Mobile
Professional May Include A Notebook Computer, A Cellular Phone,
Personal Digital Assistant (PDA) And Handheld Computer.
All Mobile Computing Devices And Peripherals Have The Potential
To Be Connected To Each Other Wirelessly.
The Solution Is Wireless Technologies. Considering Importance Of
Mobile Computing Leaders Across The Telecommunication And
Computing Industries Are Working Together To Develop On The
Wireless Technologies Like Bluetooth, W-Fi, Homer And Many
More For Global Voice And Data Communication To Replace
Cables That Connect Devices.
Index
[Link] Content
1 Introduction
Wired Networks
1] Ethernet
2] Fast Ethernet
2 3] Local talk
4] Token ring
5] FDDI
3 Advantages of the wired network
4 Disadvantages of the wired network
Wireless network
1] Long range (measured in miles)
5 2] Medium range (measured in tens or hundreds of feet)
3] Short range (less than 10 feet)
6 Uses of wireless network
7 Advantages of wireless network
8 Disadvantages of wireless network
9 How Wi-Fi has changed the world
Introduction Of Wired And Wireless Network
Set-up
There are two types of network wired network and wireless network
[1] Bob Metcalfe and D.R. Boggs are the two engineers who developed the
Ethernet (Wired network)
[2] They started their work in 1972 and established their development in 1980
under the standards IEEE (802.3).Wired network defines as a low-level transfer
of data and for its usage, they build the cards and cables, through which data
can be transfer from one PC to another computer. The term wired refer some
solid thing which consists of the cable. Wired network means that connection
through cables, modem or any other source. The data transfer from one place to
another through the cables. The cables are consists of copper, fiber optic, and
twisted pair. In a wired network internet connection is taken up from only one
source (single wire), modem or any other kind of means. The wired network
also includes Ethernet in it. Ethernet wire has been using for a long time period.
The wired network usually transfers the data up to 10 Mbps. Fast Ethernet and
Giga Ethernet also used in the wired network. The speed of fast Ethernet is 100
Mbps and the speed of Giga Ethernet is 1000 Mbps and CAT 5, CAT 6 both
wires used for fast and gigabit Ethernet
[3] The wireless network was also established by IEEE in 1997 with standard
802
[4] its first connection was of 2 Mb and that time it was not so much advance
and familiar to anyone but later with the generating of new versions of wireless,
it become famous over the world. Wireless network refers to a medium such as
electromagnetic waves or infrared waves through which data passes. All the
wireless network devices have antennas and sensor in them
[5] The wireless network is based upon on frequency without using any kind
of wire .it is an open source for every person. In a wired network, the region is
bound for the user to use the internet and to communicate with another
computer. But because of the wireless network region is not bound for the user
and connectivity to become easy. Wired network is inexpensive and has high
reliability and high bandwidth with high speed. Whereas wireless network is
expensive, have lower quality and lower bandwidth. Wireless network
infrastructure requires little more than the single access point. On the other
hand, the wired network has more difficulty and complexity with the cable
connections. Using wireless network many people can access the internet but in
wired network additional user need the additional wiring. There are some
problems in the wired network which we are going to discuss in detail in a
wireless network which works as a solution.
A . Wired Networks :
In computing terminology, the title "wired" is used to distinguish between
wireless connections and cable oriented connections. A system with wires uses
physical cables to transmit data between various devices and computer systems.
Majority of wired networks use Ethernet cables to transmit data between linked
PCs. Small wired network used single Router to connect all the systems. Bigger
networks frequently involve several routers or switches that connect to one
another. One of these devices typically links to a cable modem, or other type of
Internet connection which delivers Internet access to whole devices linked to
the network.
Protocols of Wired Network :
Wired network has the following protocols and let's discuss this protocols one
by one
1] Ethernet
2] Fast Ethernet
3] Local talk
4] Token ring
5] FDDI
1] Ethernet :
It is one of the protocols of a wired network and it is mostly used in the world.
Ethernet uses the access method which is called CSMA/CD (carrier sense
multiple access/collision detection).
This is basically a system in which each computer before sending some
information/data through the network must listen to the cable. In this only one
by one link is made. If there is multiple networks in a single line then computer
have to wait until the line is clear after that it sends the data to the receiver. If
two devices send the data through the cable, this work is done by one by one.
First, one device receives the data from the sender and the other device have to
wait until the first data transfer completed and wait for his turn and try again
later. When the first receiver receives the data the second will start. Because of
this sometimes collision occurs and the computer has to wait and lots of time
consumes. But this collision is occurring for a very small time and it does not
affect the transmission of the network. The Ethernet protocol uses the method of
bus, star and tree topologies. Data can be transferred through the coaxial wire,
optical fiber wire at a speed of 10Mbps up to 1000Mbps.
2] Fast Ethernet :
It is another type of protocol which is used to increase the speed of transmission
and it develops the new standards that have the speed of [Link] is called
fast Ethernet. Fast Ethernet requires the hub, networks interface cards and
category 5(CAT5), fiber optics and twisted pair cable is required. This Ethernet
is commonly used in school nowadays.
3] Local talk:
Local talk is a wired network protocol which was developing by the Apple
computer for Macintosh computer. The data is transfer by using the special
twisted pair cable. It allows the linear bus, star or tree topologies using twisted
pair cable. Disadvantages of the local talk are the low speed of transmission
which is 230Kbps.
4] Token ring:
The token ring protocol was developing by IBM in 1980 mid. The
information is carried out in the form of token and move round in the
circle/ring. Two computer cannot connect to each other until the will
finish the task. After that, it connects with the other system and its
application on 2,23 computers system and rarely used because its
performance is very low and lots of time is consumed and lots of trouble
is there .its speed is 4Mbps 0r 16Mbps.
5] FDDI:
Fiber distributed data interface (FDDI) is another protocol of a wired
network that is used to connect two or more LAN. This is far away over a
long distance. It is used as the token ring method. But it uses the two rings
for the transfer of the data. If one system is busy then the other systems
are automatically activated and transmit the data. Its advantages are high
speed and it works on the fiber optic cable at 100Mbps.
Advantages of the wired network :
• Power is not consumed so much.
• Wired network is easy to use, plug in the wire and ready to use the
internet.
• There are varieties of cables available in the market nowadays. The
user can choose according to its need and budget.
• It provides the constant, stable and faster speed because it provides
one to one connection.
• Security is very strong in a wired network.
• It is beneficial for small area network like at home or at the office.
• It is most reliable than a wireless network.
• It is good for business, home, office, school etc.
• Bandwidth is higher.
• It can extend to the longer distance by using the optical fiber.
Disadvantages of the wired network :
• It is not useful for the mobile or Smartphone. Because it requires
some physical sort of connection to use the internet.
• One wired network cable is attached to only one computer so it
does not facilitate another computer by single wire.
• Cable can be easily damaged after some time, so the user has to be
very careful while arranging and connect the cable with PC and
protect the cable from any cuts and water.
• It messes the room where you are gathering the wire
• If you want to connect more devices with each other you need an
Ethernet connection. But it also requires more wires to connect and
if you are doing this then it is difficult for you to find out that which
wire is connected to which PC and it takes your lots of time.
• If you want to expand your network then you need more cables and
it becomes more costly and takes lots of time to establish the
network. If you want to expand your network widely then you have
to rewire all the devices and then again establish the wider network.
• There is no freedom of movement for users.
• Wired network is not suitable for openly public usage.
• Lots of cables need to connect to the certain port.
• Set up is difficult sometimes but it’s expensive.
B. Wireless network :
The wireless network was also established by IEEE in 1947 with a standard
[Link] first connection was of 2Mb and that time it was not so much advance
and familiar to anyone but later with the passage of time and generating the new
version of wireless, it becomes famous over the world. Wireless word is used to
refer to medium which is made up of electromagnetic waves or infrared waves.
All the devices, which are wireless that has sensor or antennas embedded in
them. It includes mobile, wireless sensor, TV remote, laptop etc. It does not use
the wire for the connection between two devices or to transfer the data. It uses
the radio frequency waves. Fiber optic and broadband ADSL are also used.
Types of wireless protocols:
There are three protocols of wireless network:
1] Long range (measured in miles)
2] Medium range (measured in tens or hundreds of feet)
3] Short range (less than 10 feet)
1] Long range :
Long range protocols are used for speed to transfer the data over the longer
distance. It may be used as back-haul between two sites such as Smartphone etc.
GSM (Global System for Mobile Communication) is the most important
protocol of wireless network which is using in all world and its connections are
between the cellular phones and mobiles.
1.1] LTE :
Before newer Smartphone, older generation used GPRS, EV-DO for the
communication. Because of that companies and industry have to spend lots of
money to upgrade it and made it supportive for [Link] (long-term evaluation)
is used to improve the low data rates and other issues that occur in older phone
.the protocol can carry the 100Mbps of data which is divided into the users to
use and each user gave the 10Mbps.
1.2] 60 GHz protocol:
Most of the video which is running on the computer needs 60GHz and they are
using it as well. It requires a lot of bandwidth. There are two different standard
called wirelesses HD and WiGig.
It gives the best high-quality definition for the video streaming.
2] Medium Range :
WLAN is usually used for the medium range protocol which is used for the
communication between the computers to enhance wired LAN or replace it.
These all protocols are the parts of IEEE (Institute of electrical and electronics
engineers) 802.11 standards.
2.1 Wi-Fi :
Wi-Fi is mostly used nowadays because of its range and access to another
device. It provides the facility of a hotspot as well. It becomes popular in 1990
for the hardware usages. Wi-Fi can be controlled in the environment according
to the range. Its speed is lower as compared to the other wireless network
protocols speed but mobile device easily support the Wi-Fi and LTE and
givethe flexibility to the user.
2.2 WAP :
The wireless application protocol is standardizing a protocol for
communication. It is used to provide the security and privacy to the network.
There are other types of protocols .one is WEP and the other is WPA. Both used
for security.
3] Short range :
Wireless Personal Area network or WPAN is also called short wireless
protocols. Which work on the lower frequencies between the devices which are
just a few feet away from each other? Bluetooth is an example of a short range
protocol. Its common usage is that it allows the wireless headset to
communicate with a portable phone. Infrared data association or IRDA is older
and used for every short range protocol.
3.1 Bluetooth :
It is the oldest wireless network protocol which is commonly used now a day. It
transfers the data from one device to another device. It needs a lower amount of
power to work then Wi-Fi and from most other wireless protocols. It is a short
distance wireless network protocol. Wi-Fi has been replaced with the Bluetooth
but some Smartphone still has the features of Bluetooth in their system.
3.2 Wireless Home Automation protocols:
It is used to control the remote control of light, home appliances, and gadgets.
Two basic protocols for home automation are z-wave and Zigbee. They have
low data rates and support the low energy consumption for home automation
.0.25Mbps for Zigbee and 0.01Mbps for Zwave.
3.3 Ultra-wide band :
It is UWB and also called digital pulse wireless. It used for short distance and
have a wide frequency band with lower power. And take that kind of data which
was bend due to some obstacle or due to some higher power.
Factor affecting the performance of the wireless network :
• Physical obstruction
• The range of the network and distance between the devices
• Sharing of signal
• Usage of network and load on the network
• Poor antennas
• Reflection back of the signal
• Spectrum channel limitation
• Restriction of the wireless signal
• The polarization of the signal
• Speed loss due to wireless overhead Lower performance
Uses of wireless network :
• We can easily use the wireless network in medical science without any
kind of issue or danger. It is used in the remote monitoring of the patient,
biometric data of wireless network and dispensers application.
• We can also use the wireless technology while traveling with the help of
an airline. Now we can travel from place to another without any ticket.
Because all documentation is available on your mobile and can be
accessed by using the hotspot wireless.
• We can also use the wireless network on hotels. It enhances the business
of the hotel.
• The management uses the wireless internet as wireless network checking
of hotel .we can check the guest list through mobile or tablet. Opening
and closing of the door are also because of the wireless network.
• We can also use the network in business because everyone can easily
access each other; no matter where they are now and what are they
doing. Because of this, they can run they're smaller to smaller business
and larger also and earn lots of profit.
• We can use the wireless network in mobile communication. By using
this technology multimedia approach, interconnection and transfer of
data and all other things related to wireless are in your control and range.
• We can also use this technology in voice communication. It gave the
facility to in contact with two or more users via video calls or text
messaging.
Advantages of wireless network :
• Users are free to move with a wireless network and can easily
access the internet anywhere with their laptop and other handsets
devices.
• The user can easily share the files with other devices without
any connection of cables.
• There is no need of cable connection. So it is cheap and not a
time consumer.
• Easily connected to more than one PC or device at the same
time.
• They are convenient and easily accessible.
• It handles a large number of users because it is an open source
and unlimited to use.
• By using the wireless network social media information
becomes easy to access and become easy to transfer.
• It is convincing because the user can access from any nearly
located resources.
• It is useful to enhance the productivity.
• In wireless network number of user connect with each other
easily but in wired they all need their wire to connect It is
cheap.
• Network security is becoming good and stronger than the system
cannot be easily hacked because they insert the strong password
in hardware and in software.
• Although it is slow in speed it fulfills the requirement of the user
and the user easily gets the desired thing from the internet.
• Healthy and safe.
• Wi-Fi is cost effective.
Disadvantages of wireless network:
• It can require extra cost and other equipment to set up.
• The person who is not so much familiar with a computer for that
type person setting up the wireless becomes difficult.
• Speed is effective and slower while sending some sort of file.
• If you go far away from the router it becomes difficult for you to
access the internet. The range is limited.
• Less secure because anyone can steal your internet bandwidth if
your password is not secure and not protected.
• Easily hacked the information.
• It depends upon the wave-like radio.
How Wi-Fi has changed the world:
Before the internet, nobody familiar with each other but after the internet has
arrived people started using it and it becomes so popular that it demands
increases day by day. And Wi-Fi becomes the life of people more easily
because anyone can access the internet through laptop, mobile and can be
accessed by the nearest Wi-Fi, hotspot or booster. Now a day 88% people come
online according to the research through [Link] played a most important and
significant role in human life. With the help of Wi-Fi, we can improve our
society and as well as ourselves steadily and speedily. Through Wi-Fi two or
more cities are now able to connect to each other .it provide the online shopping
facility to the people and this type of shopping criteria is very common in
Europe because with the help of this technology people compare the prizes and
purchase the item. Wi-Fi is also giving facility of the communication and
communication become easier through this technology. Healthcare center is
also available for the people online; people can easily connect to the hospital
through this technology because now a day’s doctor carries Personal Digital
Assistant (PDA), through which they can communicate with the people easily,
no matter where are they, at home or outside. Wi-Fi is the best solution for a
whole geometric location and they can share their data easily. It going forward
and forward and day by day its technologies is increases and its speed also up to
866.7Mb/s because of 802.11ac and 802.11n.
Future of wireless technologies:
Wireless technology has changed the mean of communication .business
industry are running and highly progressed because of the wireless network. It
is now more suitable for the business because of its awesome features like
speed, security, mobility, and Wi-Fi hotspot. Voice application can be
successfully running because of the wireless network. By using this you can
easily access the internet with high speed and including text, audio, video
messages, and many more things become easier due to the wireless network.
5G network latest technology
Wireless technology is going faster and faster each year and day by day. In
Europe large number of people are using 4G internet and it is not so much
common yet in some countries but now they looking forward for a new and
advance generation of network which is [Link] is probably introduced into the
market in 2020 and it provides the more services to the people and lots of data
with extremely high speed of 10 Gigabit per second and best quality of data
with response time below one millisecond which is most beneficial for the
internet things. After 5 to 10 years, billions of billions of new devices will use
the facility of the 5G including car, machine to machine access, telemedicine,
household medicine, no matter of bandwidth because it provides the bandwidth
24/7 to people. And we will use the biohazard sensor which is used to carry the
bit to bit data each and every day. This is happening because of the rapid
increase in the technology and daily growing of the traffic data. The other most
important technology is Li-fi (light Fidelity), which is used to connect the things
and data with the help of a light signal. It is faster than Wi-Fi and provides the
speed of 224 gigabits per second. It uses the ultraviolet and infrared waves to
transfer data and they carry more information than radio frequency waves and it
is 10,000 times larger than the radio frequency. Engineers are still working to
increase the working capacity of the wireless technology more and more
enhanced with better security and high speed.
References:
[Link]
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[Link] › ... › Knowledge Base Article
[Link] › publication › 337137284_...