Project Report

On
Generation of Electricity from Wind

Submitted By:-
Student Name:-
1) Chetan Bhavlal Bari
2) Harsh Ravindra Badgujar
3) Himanshu Prakash Bhamare
Branch:- Electrical Engineering
Semester/Year:- 5th Semester

Submitted To:-

Head of Electrical Department

OF
Smt. Sharchchandrika Suresh Patil Institute of
Technology (Polytechnic), Chopda
Index

NO. .CONTENT
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
DIAGRAM OF POWER PLANT
EQUIPMENT S AND IT’S RATING
ELECTRICITY GENERATION 2KW
FUNCTION OF COMPONENT
WORKING
CONCLUSION
REFERENCE
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I thank full to my all faculty members of electrical

engineering department for their value teaching in their
subject for their valuable teaching in their subject from
the knowledge which which gain up to teach fifth
semester helped me to allot understand the various
accepts which came across me under training Also I am
very great full all the employees of the electrical Who
helped and guided constantly to understand the. various
operations and components of wind Powe plant

Also to my fellow trainees who coordinate with me to

explore various ideas about wind power plant
Abstract

From its rebirth in the early 1980s, the rate of

development of wind energy has been dramatic. Today,
other than hydropower, it is the most important of the
renewable sources of power. The UK Government and the
EU Commission have adopted targets for renewable
energy generation of 10 and 12% of consumption,
respectively. Much of this, by necessity, must be met by
wind energy. The US Department of Energy has set a goal
of 6% of electricity supply from wind energy by 2020. For
this potential to be fully realized, several aspects, related
to public acceptance, and technical issues, related to the
expected increase in penetration on the electricity
network and the current drive towards larger wind
turbines, need to be resolved. Nevertheless, these
challenges will be met and wind energy will, very likely,
become increasingly important over the next two decades.
An overview of the technology is presented.
Introduction

Wind power is the process of harnessing energy from the

movement of the wind and converting it to useful forms of
mechanical power and electricity. Today, most wind
energy comes from turbines – essentially giant windmills.
The wind turns two or three of the turbine’s propeller-like
blades around the turbine’s rotor.

Wind power is the conversion of wind energy into

electricity or mechanical energy using wind turbines. The
power in the wind is extracted by allowing it to blow past
moving blades that exert torque on a rotor. The amount of
power transferred is dependent on the rotor size and the
wind speed.
DIAGRAM OF POWER PLANT

VERTICAL WIND POWER GENERATION (2KW)

Equipment’s and its rating

GEARBOX SYNCHRONOUS MOTOR

WIND TURBINE S
GENERATOR
TRANSFORMER
LAMPS (LOAD)

Ratings
MOTOR (100 RPM)
VERTICAL TURBINES
GENERATOR
TRANSFORMER STEPUP ( 2KW)
LAMPS (100W)
Procedure Electricity generation

In the wind power generation generally the

vertical axis wind turbine is used for electrical power
generation
The Synchronous motor start rotating by wind pressure
which produces an electrical energy minimum (230v)
Generally the generator is used for higher
amount of electricity generation and the step up
transformer is used to step up the 230 volts in to 2kw
Energy
Function of components Gearbox Synchronous motor

A synchronous motor is one in which the rotor normally

rotates at the same speed as the revolving field in the
machine. The stator is similar to that of an induction
machine consisting of a cylindrical iron frame with
windings, usually three-phase, located in slots
around the inner periphery.
A synchronous motor is one in which the rotor normally
rotates at the same speed as the revolving field in the
machine. The stator is similar to that of an induction
machine consisting of a cylindrical iron frame with
windings, usually three-phase, located in slots around the
inner periphery.

Gearbox function in Synchronous motor

The purpose of a gearbox is to increase or reduce speed.

As a result, torque output will be the inverse of the speed
function. If the enclosed drive is a speed reducer (speed
output is less than speed input), the torque output will
increase; if the drive increases speed, the torque output
will decrease
Vertical Wind turbine

A vertical-axis wind turbine (VAWT) is a type of wind

turbine where the main rotor shaft is set transverse to the
wind while the main components are located at the base
of the turbine. This arrangement allows the generator and
gearbox to be located close to the ground, facilitating
service and repair.

They rely on the yaw system to orientate the rotor in

order to capture wind. Due to this
difference in operation mechanism, vertical axis
wind turbines can be used to generate power even in
unstable weather conditions such as turbulent, gusty
wind. They also function well in mountain and coastal
areas.

The Favonius model and the Darrius model

Generally the vertical wind power generation the
sonorous and Derrieres model are used
Generator

AC generators work on the principle of Faraday’s law of

electromagnetic induction. When the armature rotates
between the magnet’s poles upon an axis perpendicular to
the magnetic field, the flux linkage the armature
changes
continuously. Due to this, an emf is induced in
the armature.

In electricity generation, a generator is a device that

converts motion-based power or fuel-based power into
electric power for use in an external circuit. Sources of
mechanical energy include steam turbines, gas turbines,
water turbines, internal combustion engines, wind
turbines and even hand cranks.

Wind turbines work on a simple principle: instead of using

electricity to make wind—like a fan—wind turbines use
wind to make electricity. Wind turns the propeller-like
blades of a turbine around a rotor, which spins a
generator, which creates electricity.
Step up transformer

A step-up transformer increases the input voltage and

delivers it to the load, and a step- down transformer
decreases the input voltage at the load. High voltage is
required for efficient power transmission, but the power
must be utilized by consumers at a lower voltage for safety
reasons.
A wind power plant will use a step-up
transformer to increase the voltage (unreducing the
required current), which decreases the power losses that
happen when transmitting large amounts of current over
long distances with transmission lines.
A Brief Idea about Step-up Transformer
By increasing the number of spins on the primary coil, a
step-up transformer raises low voltage to a greater
voltage. The increase in voltage is due to the primary coil’s
increased number of turns, which results in a drop in the
current.
Lamp load

Amp load refers to the total amount of power that can be

drawn from a power source or transformer, measured in
amperes. Amp loads will differ based on the age of a
building and the service installed.
Working of wind power plant

Greatly across the United States and are modified by bodies of

water, vegetation, and differences in terrain. Humans use this
wind flow, or motion energy, for many purposes: sailing, flying a
kite, and even generating electricity.

The terms "wind energy" and "wind power" both describe the
process by which the wind is used to generate mechanical power
or electricity. This mechanical power can be used for specific tasks
(such as grinding grain or pumping water) or a generator can
convert this mechanical power into electricity.

ADVANTAGES OF WIND POWER

1) Renewable Energy Source: Wind energy is a renewable and
sustainable source of power, as it relies on the natural movement
of the wind, which is inexhaustible.

2) Environmentally Friendly: Wind power does not produce

greenhouse gas emissions or air pollutants, reducing the carbon
footprint and contributing to cleaner air and water.

3) Cost-Effective: The operational and maintenance costs of wind

turbines are relatively low, making wind energy an economical
option for electricity generation.

4) Energy Independence: Utilizing wind power reduces reliance on

fossil fuels, promoting energy independence and energy security.

5)Job Creation: The wind energy industry provides employment

opportunities in manufacturing, installation, and maintenance.

DISADVANTAGES OF WIND POWER

1) Intermittency: Wind energy is intermittent and variable,
dependent on wind speed and direction, making it less reliable as
a sole source of energy.

2) High Initial Costs: The installation of wind turbines can be

expensive, and the payback period may take several years.

3) Aesthetic Impact: Some people find wind turbines unattractive,

and their presence can have a negative impact on the aesthetics
of the landscape.

4) Environmental Impact: Wind turbines can have environmental

consequences, such as bird and bat fatalities, noise pollution, and
habitat disruption.

5) Land and Space Requirements: Wind farms require significant

land and spacing between turbines, which may conflict with other
land uses.
Conclusion
The construction of the wind turbine is the most significant phase
in term of the environmental impacts produced by wind energy,
both for offshore wind power plants and onshore wind power
plants. Environmental impacts generated in transportation and
operation phases cannot be considered significant in relation to
the total environmental impacts of both the offshore and onshore
wind power plants. However, in offshore wind power plants, zinc
is discharged from offshore cables during the operational stage.

The disposal scenario has great importance for the environmental

profile of the electricity generated from wind power plants.
Environmental impacts are directly dependent on the recycling
level, with a higher amount of recycling resulting in a better
environmental result.

The energy balance of wind energy is very positive. The energy

consumed in the whole chain of wind plants is recovered in
several average operational months. The comparison of wind
energy with conventional technologies highlights the
environmental advantages of wind energy. Quite significant
emissions reductions can be obtained by producing electricity in
wind farms instead of using conventional technologies such as
coal and natural gas combined cycle power plants.

The significant benefits of wind energy should play an increasingly

important role in deciding what kinds of new power plants will be
built.

Reference’s:-
1) Wind Power Technology,3rd Edition By Joshua Earnest
2) RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES AND EMERGING
TECHNOLOGIES. by D.P. Kothari.
3) The Science of Wind Power: By Frank R. Spellman
4) [Link]
5) [Link]
6) [Link]
7)[Link]
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