International Special Training Center (ISTC)

Sniper Section
Staufer Kaserne, Germany D-88630

Program of Instruction
For
ISTC BASIC SNIPER COURSE

Update: 11 November 2014

Length: 6 Weeks

Approved By: Authenticated By:

HARRY C. MARSON IVAN USUELLI

OF-4, SF OR-9, ITA SF
Commanding Sniper Section NCOIC

Date Approved:

This POI supersedes all other International Special Training Center Special Operations
Basic Sniper Course POI

1
1. INDEX

1. INDEX........................................................................................................................2
2. PREFACE PAGE.......................................................................................................5
3. LESSON PLANS....................................................................................................... 7
CRITICAL TASKS........................................................................................................ 7
TERMINAL LEARNING OBJECTIVES AND ENABLING LEARNING OBJECTIVES...8
THEORETICAL LESSONS.........................................................................................10
PRACTICAL LESSONS............................................................................................. 11
GRADED EXAMS.......................................................................................................12
4. COURSE STATISTICS........................................................................................... 13
COURSE STATISTICAL ANALYSIS PER STUDENT................................................13
TRAINING HOURS.................................................................................................... 13
INSTRUCTOR............................................................................................................ 13
CONTACT HOURS.................................................................................................... 13
5. AMMUNITION AND EQUIPMENT...........................................................................14
AMMUNITION............................................................................................................ 14
DURABLE EQUIPMENT............................................................................................ 15
NON DURABLE ITEMS..............................................................................................16
6. LESSON..................................................................................................................18
THEORETICAL LESSONS.........................................................................................18
POI 4101 INTRODUCTION TO ISTC BASIC SNIPER COURSE..............................18
POI 4102 INDIVIDUAL CAMOUFLAGE AND CONCEALMENT, SNIPER
EQUIPMENT LESSON...............................................................................................22
POI 4103 INDIVIDUAL MOVEMENT & LINES OF ADVANCE LESSON...................27
POI 4104 SNIPER WEAPON SYSTEM LESSON......................................................32
POI 4105 RANGE ESTIMATION LESSON................................................................37
POI 4106 SNIPER HIDES AND LOOPHOLES..........................................................41
POI 4107 OBSERVATION OF TERRAIN LESSON...................................................46
POI 4108 SNIPER OBSERVATION LOG, RANGE CARDS AND PANORAMIC
SKETCHING LESSON...............................................................................................50
POI 4110 SIGHT ADJUSTMENT AND ZERO............................................................60

2
POI 4111 SNIPER OBSERVER RELATIONSHIP AND DIALOG LESSON...............64
POI 4112 SNIPER MARKSMANSHIP........................................................................68
POI 4113 APPLICATION OF FIRE LESSON 1..........................................................73
POI 4114 CORRECTING FOR ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS LESSON............77
POI 4115 INTRODUCTION TO BALLISTIC COMPUTERS.......................................81
POI 4116 INTRODUCTION TO NIGHT VISION DEVICES LESSON........................86
POI 4117 APPLICATION OF FIRE LESSON 2..........................................................90
POI 4118 SNIPER MISSION PLANNING LESSON...................................................95
PRACTICAL EXERCISES..........................................................................................99
POI 4201 GHILLIE SUIT CONSTRUCTION PRACTICAL EXERCISE......................99
POI 4202 LINES OF ADVANCE PRACTICAL EXERCISE.......................................104
POI 4203 STALK PRACTICAL EXERCISE..............................................................109
POI 4204 OBSERVATION OF THE GROUND PRACTICAL EXERCISE................114
POI 4205 KIM’S GAME PRACTICAL EXERCISE....................................................119
POI 4206 RANGE ESTIMATION PRACTICAL EXERCISE......................................123
POI 4207 SNIPER WEAPON SETUP PRACTICAL EXERCISE..............................127
POI 4208 SIGHT ADJUSTMENT AND ZERO PRACTICAL EXERCISE..................131
POI 4209 SNIPER DIALOGUE PRACTICAL EXERCISE........................................135
POI 4210 KNOWN DISTANCE SNIPER MARKSMANSHIP TRAINING..................139
POI 4211 SNAPS AND MOVERS SNIPER MARKSMANSHIP TRAINING..............144
POI 4212 UNKNOWN DISTANCE SNIPER MARKSMANSHIP TRAINING.............150
POI 4213 SELECTIVE TARGET ENGAGEMENT PRACTICAL EXERCISE...........155
POI 4214 HOLD OVER AND UNDER PRACTICAL EXERCISE..............................159
POI 4215 INTRODUCTION TO PHOTOGRAPHY PRACTICAL EXERCISE...........164
POI 4216 POSITION SHOOT PRACTICAL EXERCISE 1.......................................168
POI 4217 POSITION SHOOT PRACTICAL EXERCISE 2.......................................173
EXAMS..................................................................................................................... 178
POI 4301 ENGLISH EXAM...................................................................................... 178
POI 4302 LAND NAVIGATION EXAM......................................................................181
POI 4303 KIM’S GAME EXAM.................................................................................187
POI 4304 RANGE ESTIMATION EXAMS................................................................191
POI 4305 OBSERVATION OF THE GROUND EXAMS...........................................196
POI 4306 STALK EXAMS........................................................................................ 201
POI 4307 STALK, OBSERVE AND REPORT EXAMS.............................................209

3
 POI 4308 KNOWN DISTANCE SNIPER MARKSMANSHIP EXAM.........................215
POI 4309 SNAPS AND MOVERS SNIPER MARKSMANSHIP EXAM.....................221
POI 4310 UNKNOWN DISTANCE SNIPER MARKSMANSHIP EXAM....................227
POI 4311 NIGHT MARKSMANSHIP EXAM.............................................................233
POI 4312 STRESS SHOOT EXAM..........................................................................240
POI 4313 SNIPER MISSION EXAM.........................................................................244
POI 4314 WRITTEN EXAM......................................................................................251
POI 4315 SNIPER DIALOGUE EXAM.....................................................................254
7. GRADUATION CRITERIA.....................................................................................257
1000 Point Course Evaluation Plan..........................................................................257

4
2. PREFACE PAGE

Preparation Date: 11 November 2014

Course Title: International Special Training Center Basic Sniper Course

Training Location: International Special Training Center, Sniper Branch, Staufer,

Pfullendorf, Germany D88630

Specialty: None

Supporting References:
TC 18-32 Special Forces Sniper Training and Employment, US Army (2003)
TM 9-1005-438-13&P, US Army (2013)
Applied Ballistics for Long-Range Shooting (2nd Ed), Bryan Litz (2011)
The Wind Book for Rifle Shooters, Miller and Cunningham (2006)
The Ultimate Sniper (Revised Edition), MAJ John Plaster, USAR (RET.) (2006)
Illustrated Manual of Sniper Skills, Mark Spicer (2006)
Understanding Exposure (3rd Ed), Peterson (2010)

Aim: The aim of this course is to teach SOF or similar type unit members the skills
necessary to deliver precision rifle fire, from concealed positions, to selected targets,
during day and night operations in support of SOF missions.

Purpose: To train selected personnel in the technical skills and operational procedures
necessary to develop sustainable snipers in support of special operations forces (SOF)
missions.

Scope: Sniper marksmanship; observation techniques; distance judging; stalking;

camouflage, concealment and cover; target selection; reporting techniques; sniper
mission planning.

Prerequisites: Personnel assigned to special operations or similar Combat Arms type

unit members.

Special Information: None

Security Clearance: None

Course Length: 6 Weeks

Class Sizes: Maximum: 24

Optimum: 20
Minimum: 6

TD Proponent:

5
Design and Development: US Army John F. Kennedy Special Warfare Center and
School, Fort Bragg, NC 28307-5000/ International Special Training Center, Staufer
Kaserne, Pfullendorf, Germany D-88630

Instructor Provided Support: International Special Training Center, Tactical Branch,

Sniper Section.

Army Course Proponent: 7th Army (JMTC)

Training Evaluation Proponent: International Special Training Center

Remarks: None

Preparation Date: 11 November 2014

Course Title: International Special Training Center Basic Sniper Course

Academic Time:

Annex A: Theoretical Classes 18 hrs

Annex B: Practical Classes & Exercises 111 hours

Annex C: Graded Tests 139 hours

Grand Total: 268.5 hours

6
3. LESSON PLANS

CRITICAL TASKS

 Maintain a Sniper Weapon System (SWS).

 Mount the Day Optic Sight to an M2010 Sniper Weapon System
 Maintain Personal and Team Optical Equipment
 Zero an M2010 Sniper Weapon System (SWS)
 Engage Targets with a Sniper Weapon System
 Engage targets using the night vision device on the sniper weapon system
 Mount/Dismount an Universal Night Sight to a Sniper Weapon System
 Determine the Point of Impact by reading the bullet trace
 Employ supported shooting positions
 Detect Targets Based on Target Indicators
 Produce a Panoramic Sketch
 Construct a Ghillie Suit
 Construct Sniping Hides
 Camouflage yourself and your equipment
 Employ Stealth Movement Techniques (Stalking)
 Maintain a Sniper Data Book
 Provide Observation Data to a Sniper
 Prepare a Sniper Mission Operations Order
 Determine Distance with unaided eye, mechanical and/or Optical Aids

7
TERMINAL LEARNING OBJECTIVES AND ENABLING LEARNING OBJECTIVES

TLO 1. Plan a Sniper Mission

ELO 1.1. Understand the fundamentals of mission planning
ELO 1.2. Apply the fundamentals of mission planning to a sniper mission

TLO 2. Infiltrate a Target Area Undetected

ELO 2.1. Understand how camouflage applies to the sniper’s mission
ELO 2.2. Understand the purpose of different types of ghillie suits
ELO 2.3. Camouflage weapons and equipment
ELO 2.4. Plan, prepare and carry out an assigned Sniper Mission in accordance
with the Commander’s intent
ELO 2.5. Plan a silent and unobserved movement to and from a final firing position
ELO 2.6. Apply terrain and situation analysis to select a line of advance
ELO 2.7. Understand the purpose of hide sites and loopholes
ELO 2.8. Establish and construct a hide site
ELO 2.9. Understand the pros and cons of different hide sites

TLO 3. Observe a Target Area

ELO 3.1. Understand the techniques of judging distance
ELO 3.2. Identify enemy positions, weapons and equipment in a target area
ELO 3.3. Search a target area
ELO 3.4. Observe a target area during periods of limited visibility
ELO 3.5. Observe a target by sound
ELO 3.6. Observe a target area with observation devices
ELO 3.7. Create a sniper observation log and range card
ELO 3.8. Direct a sniper partner quickly and efficiently
ELO 3.9. Create a military sketch of a target area
ELO 3.10. Understand the relationship between the basic elements of the
photographic triangle: ISO, shutter speed and F-stop.
ELO 3.11. Determine the proper camera settings to capture clear photographs of intelligence
value in low light conditions, through obstacles, of moving targets and of personal
identification (PID) quality.

TLO 4. Engage Targets with Precision Fire

ELO 4.1. Understand the characteristics of the Sniper Weapon System
ELO 4.2. Understand how to maintain the Sniper Weapon System
ELO 4.3. Understand how to adjust the Sniper Weapon System to fit the individual
shooter

8
ELO 4.4. Understand the factors and definitions that affect zeroing a rifle
ELO 4.5. Understand the process of zeroing a sniper rifle
ELO 4.6. Understand the techniques to achieve effective communication within a
two man sniper team
ELO 4.7. Understand the fundamentals elements of a good shooting position
ELO 4.8. Understand the fundamentals of sniper marksmanship
ELO 4.9. Apply the fundamentals of sniper marksmanship to any shooting position
ELO 4.10. Understand the fundamentals of ballistics
ELO 4.11. Correct for bullet drop at given range using rifle scope data
ELO 4.12. Understand the different meteorological factors and environmental
conditions to be considered when shooting
ELO 4.13. Understand how to properly apply the various formulas for correcting for
environmental conditions
ELO 4.14. Understand the basic functions of a ballistic solver
ELO 4.15. Adjust ballistic solver solution to match observed shooting data
ELO 4.16. Produce ballistic solver solutions for multiple scenarios by manipulating input
data
ELO 4.17. Employ a night vision device with a sniper weapon system
ELO 4.18. Engage moving targets with precision fire
ELO 4.19. Engage high and low angle targets with precision fire
ELO 4.20. Engage targets with a battle sight zero

9
THEORETICAL LESSONS

Time
(In
POI # Lesson Name Hours)
4101 Introduction to ISTC Basic Sniper Course 0.5
4102 Individual Camouflage and Concealment 1
4103 Individual Movement and Selecting Lines of Advance 1.5
4104 Sniper Weapon System 1
4105 Range Estimation 1
4106 Sniper Hides and Loopholes 1
4107 Observation of Terrain 1
4108 Observation Log, Range Card and Panoramic Sketch 1.5
4109 Introduction to Photography 1
4110 Sight Adjustment and Zero 1
4111 Sniper and Observer Relationship and Dialog 0.5
4112 Sniper Marksmanship 1
4113 Application of Fire 1 1
4114 Correction for Environmental conditions 1
4115 Introduction to Ballistic Computers 1
4116 Introduction to Night Vision Devices 0.5
4117 Application of Fire 2 1
4118 Sniper Mission Planning 1.5
Total Hours 18

10
PRACTICAL LESSONS

Time
(In
POI # Exercise Name Hours)
4201 Ghillie suit Construction Practical Exercise 25
4202 Lines of Advance PE (Stalk Demonstration) 3
4203 Stalk Practical Exercise 5
4204 Observation of the Ground Practical Exercise 1
4205 Kim’s Game Practical Exercise 1
4206 Range Estimation Practical Exercise 1
4207 Sniper Weapon Setup Practical Exercise 1.5
4208 Sight Adjustment and Zero 3
4209 Sniper Dialogue Practical Exercise 0.5
4210 Known Distance Sniper Marksmanship Training 23
4211 Snaps and Movers Marksmanship Training 17.5
4212 Unknown Distance Sniper Marksmanship Training 18
4213 Selective Target Engagement 2
4214 Hold Over/Under Practical Exercise 2
4215 Introduction to Photography Practical Exercise 2
4216 Position Shoot Practical Exercise 1 4
4217 Position Shoot Practical Exercise 2 2
Total Hours 111.5

11
GRADED EXAMS

Time
(In
POI # Exercise Name Hours)
4301 English Exam 1.5
4302 Land Navigation Exam 3
4303 KIM Game Exam 5
4304 Range Estimation Exam 5
4305 Observation of Ground Exam 5
4306 Stalk Exam 30
4307 Stalk, Observe and Report Exam 14
4308 Known Distance Marksmanship Exam 1
4309 Snaps and Movers Marksmanship Exam 1
4310 Unknown Distance Marksmanship Exam 1
4311 Night Marksmanship Exam 1
4312 Stress Shoot Exam 0.5
4313 Sniper Mission Exam 72
4314 Written Exam 1
Total Hours 139.5

12
 4. COURSE STATISTICS

COURSE STATISTICAL ANALYSIS PER STUDENT

Instructor Ratio 4-1 Student Instructor Ratio; no less than 6 Instructors with 24 Students
Training Days 6 Weeks with 30 Training Days
Range Hours 94.5 Total Hours for Zeroing, Shooting, Spotting, Testing & Pit Duty
Shooting 38 Hours
Spotting 38 Hours
Pit Duty 17.5 Hours
Stalking 52 Hours; 124 Hours including Sniper Mission Exam
Range
5 Hours
Estimation
Observation 5 Hours
Kim’s Game 5 Hours
Ammunition 1408 Bullets per Student

TRAINING HOURS INSTRUCTOR

Trainin Preparatio Moveme Total
g n nt s CONTACT HOURS
Theoretic Theoretical 18
al 18.0 1.0 1.0 20.0 Practical 508
Practical 111.5 11.0 18.0 140.5 Exam 622
Exam 139.5 24.5 23.0 187.0
Total 269.0 36.5 42.0 347.5 Total 1148
Avg / Day 9.0 1.2 1.4 11.6

Does not include administrative time

(i.e.. Meals, weapons maintenance)

13
5. AMMUNITION AND EQUIPMENT

AMMUNITION
Based on a 24 Student Class Size

Event # of # of Students Rounds/ Total

Events Bullets Student Rounds
Zero 1 20 24 20 480
Known Distance Training 4 100 24 400 9600
Snaps And Movers Training 3 100 24 300 7200
Unknown Distance Training 3 80 24 240 5760
Known Distance Night Training 1 40 24 40 960
Snaps and Movers Night Training 1 40 24 40 960
Unknown Distance Night Training 1 40 24 40 960
Known Distance Exam 3 10 24 30 720
Snaps and Movers Exam 2 50 24 100 2400
Unknown Distance Exam 3 10 24 30 720
Stress Test Exam 1 25 24 25 600
Alternate Position PE1 2 50 24 100 2400
Alternate Position PE2 1 41 24 41 984
Sniper Mission Exam 1 2 6 2 12
Totals 27 608 24 1408 33756

14
DURABLE EQUIPMENT

Based on a 24 Student Maximum Class Size

Per Spare/
Item # Item Total
Student Cadre
1 XM-2010 Sniper Weapon System (SWS) and all BII 1 6 30
2 Hard Case, Transportation, SWS 1 6 30
3 Soft Case, Transportation, SWS 1 6 30
4 Night Sight 1 6 30
5 Spotting Scope with Tripod and Mounting Adapter 1 6 30
6 Infrared light/pointing device 1.5 12 48
7 Long Range Thermal Viewer (LRTV) 0 2 2
8 Laser Range Finder (LRF) 0 2 2
9 Binoculars 1 6 30
10 Portable Weather Station 1 6 30
11 Radios, Hand Held 0 12 12
12 Radio Charger 0 2 2
13 Transportation Box (Tuff Box) 0 10 10
14 Laser bore Sight Kit 0 4 4
15 DSLR Camera & Telephoto Lens 0.5 6 18
16 Tripod Mount for SWS 1 6 30
17 Rifle Shooting Stick (Cat Pole) 1 6 30
18 Scope mounted shooting level 1 6 30
19 Ballistic Computer 1 6 30
20 Angle/Cosine Indicator, Picatinny Mounted 1 6 30
21 Night Vision Goggle 1 10 34

15
NON DURABLE ITEMS

Based on a 24 Student Class Size

Item Total Per Class

Targets 10 Ring 40
FBI Targets 100
GIPS Targets 150
Tan Burlap 1 roll
Green Burlap 1 roll
Light Green Burlap 1 roll
Brown Burlap 1 roll
100 MPH Tape 3 rolls
Hot Glue Sticks 4 boxes
AA Batteries 40
Camouflage Face Paint Stick (loam/Green) 24
Camouflage Cream Green 24
Camouflage Cream Brown 24
Calculator 24
Clipboard 24
Dry-Erase Markers 5
Permanent Markers 5
Clear Plastic Overlay 1 roll
Clear Acetate (lamination paper) 1 roll
Map-Pfullendorf 1/50,000 24
Map-Stetten 1/50,000 24
Protractor 24
Pasties-Black 30 rolls
Pasties-White 30 rolls
Black Spray Paint 15 cans
OD Green Spray Paint 15 cans
Brown Spray Paint 15 cans
Tan Spray Paint 15 cans
Spindles 1” 60
Spindles 3” 60
Spindles 6” 60
Staples- Heavy Duty 1 box
Nylon Thread OD Green 12 rolls
Heavy Duty Sewing Needle (Carpet / Upholstery) 24
Heavy Duty Rubber Bands 8 bags
550 Para-Cord 1 roll
White “Butcher Block” Paper 4 rolls
Green Elastic Rope/ German 12 rolls
Green Cargo / “Fish Net” 12
Green Gardening Wire 12 rolls

16
 12
Green Mosquito Nets
30
1 meter long wood rods (2cm thickness)
2
Bag / Bucket of Plastic Monofilament Pellets
2 rolls
OD Green or Camouflage Cordura Nylon
2 rolls
OD Green Canvas
12
OD Green or Camouflage Coveralls
24
Used Camouflage Jacket (size large & extra large)
24
Used Camouflage Pants (size large & extra large)
15
Iron Targets
1
Ear protection (100 pair foam)
12
Kevlar Helmets for Sniper Range Pit
12
Eye Protection for Sniper Range Pit

17
6. LESSON
THEORETICAL LESSONS
POI 4101 INTRODUCTION TO ISTC BASIC SNIPER COURSE

A. LESSON TITLE:
ISTC Basic Sniper Course

B. LESSON AIM:
To give the students an overview of the ISTC Basic Sniper Course

C. TERMINAL LEARNING OBJECTIVE:

ACTION:
Students understand the rules, standards and schedule of the Sniper Course

CONDITIONS:
Given a briefing on the rules, standards and schedule of the sniper course and all
necessary information to clarify the requirements

STANDARDS:
Students have an overall understanding of the course and what is expected of
them

D. TESTS:
None

TYPE:
None

E. TYPE OF INSTRUCTION:
Theoretical

F. AVAILABLE TIME:
1 Hour

G. TRAINING AIDS:
PowerPoint
Projector
PC
Laser Pointer
Dry Erase Board with markers

H. INSTRUCTOR-to-STUDENT RATIO:
18
 1:24

I. EQUIPMENT/MATERIALS TO BE ISSUED:
None

J. HANDOUTS FOR STUDENTS:

None

K. STUDENT PREPARATIONS:
None

L. STUDENT EQUIPMENT NEEDED:

Note Book
Pencil

M. PRE-REQUISITE LESSONS:
None

N. LESSON USED IN OTHER COURSES:

None

O. SAFETY CLEARANCE:
None

P. SAFETY PRECAUTIONS:
None

Q. REFERENCE:
None

ADMINISTRATIVE DATA

NECESSARY SUPPORT/EQUIPMENT:
None

HELPERS:
None

TRAINING FACILITY:
Classroom

TRAINING DAY PREPARATIONS:

PREPARATION BEFORE TRAINING:

PowerPoint presentation is prepared
Instructor has rehearsed the class

19
 PC is operational
Projector is operational
Power Point presentation is operational
Ensure Dry Erase Markers are operational
Ensure Dry Erase Board is present

PREPARATIONS AT TRAINING AREA:

None

RANGE POC:
None

ANNEX/ATTACHMENTS:
None

PRESENTATION

INTRODUCTION:
What is a sniper? A sniper is a highly trained marksman who operates alone, in a pair,
or with a sniper team to maintain close visual contact with the enemy and engage
targets from concealed positions or distances exceeding the detection capabilities of
enemy personnel. These sniper teams operate independently, with little combat asset
support from their parent units. Snipers typically have highly selective and specialized
training and use high-precision or special application rifles and optics, and often have
sophisticated communication assets to feed valuable combat information back to their
units.

AGENDA:

1. Introduction to ISTC
2. Introduction to Basic Sniper Course
3. Sniper versus Sharpshooter
4. Etymology and History of Sniping
5. Course Schedule
6. Grading System
7. Return to Unit
8. Cadre
9. Suggestions
10. Questions

ENABLING LEARNING OBJECTIVES:

None

SUMMARY:
With this introduction briefing, the student will have an understanding of the term sniper,
as well as his mission in relation to military operations.

20
He will be able to understand the rules of the course, the schedule, grading system for
the tests (also standards IOT receive a certificate at the end of the course) and learn the
basic background and professional experiences of the instructors.

21
POI 4102 INDIVIDUAL CAMOUFLAGE AND CONCEALMENT, SNIPER EQUIPMENT
LESSON

A. LESSON TITLE:
Camouflage and Concealment Techniques

B. LESSON AIM:
The aim of the lesson is to teach the students how to camouflage themselves
and their equipment so that they have the ability to stalk on a target, establish a
final firing position, and eliminate the target and exfiltrate undetected.

C. TERMINAL LEARNING OBJECTIVE:

ACTION:
Infiltrate into a target area undetected

CONDITIONS:
Given a Sniper Weapon System, a ghillie suite, all related sniper equipment, a
field environment, and an enemy position

STANDARDS:
Employ stealth movement techniques to approach a target position without being
observed and/or detected.

D. TESTS:
End of Course Written Exam
6 Graded Stalk Exams
2 Observe and Report Stalk Exam
Final Mission Exam

TYPE:
Theoretical and Practical

E. TYPE OF INSTRUCTION:
Theoretical and Practical

F. AVAILABLE TIME:
1 Hour

G. TRAINING AIDS:
PowerPoint
Projector
PC
Laser Pointer
Dry Erase Board with markers

22
 Demonstration Ghillie suit
Ghillie materials
Sniper weapon system
Sniper equipment

H. INSTRUCTOR-to-STUDENT RATIO:
1:24

I. EQUIPMENT/MATERIALS TO BE ISSUED:
Ghillie Suit Construction materials
Assorted camouflage materials

J. HANDOUTS FOR STUDENTS:

Class Handout

K. STUDENT PREPARATIONS:
None

L. STUDENT EQUIPMENT NEEDED:

Note Book
Pencil

M. PRE-REQUISITE LESSONS:
None

N. LESSON USED IN OTHER COURSES:

None

O. SAFETY CLEARANCE:
None

P. SAFETY PRECAUTIONS:
None

Q. REFERENCE:
POI SOTIC Course Nr. 8364, FM 3-22.10 Sniper Training and Operations 19 Oct
2009, FM 3-05x222 Special Forces Sniper Training and Employment 25 APR
2003, The Ultimate Sniper (Revised Edition) by MAJ John Plaster, USAR (RET.)
(2006), German Sniper Course

ADMINISTRATIVE DATA

NECESSARY SUPPORT/EQUIPMENT:
None

HELPERS:

23
1 Assistant Instructor

TRAINING FACILITY:
Classroom

TRAINING DAY PREPARATIONS:

PREPARATION BEFORE TRAINING:

PowerPoint presentation is prepared
Instructor has rehearsed the class
PC is operational
Projector is operational
PowerPoint presentation is operational
Student handouts are printed
Ensure Dry Erase Markers are operational
Ensure Dry Erase Board is present
Draw Sniper Weapon and equipment from arms room
Demonstration ghillie suit on mannequin positioned in classroom

PREPARATIONS AT TRAINING AREA:

Position sniper weapon and equipment in classroom
Issue handouts

RANGE POC:
None

ANNEX/ATTACHMENTS:
None

PRESENTATION

INTRODUCTION:
The primary mission of the sniper is to report battlefield intelligence and eliminate
enemy targets with long-range precision fire. How well the sniper accomplishes his
mission depends on the knowledge, understanding and application of various field
techniques that allow him to move, hide, observe, and detect targets. Success on the
battlefield for a sniper is determined not only by his shooting abilities but also by his
ability to survive. This can be accomplished only by not revealing his position to the
enemy. Therefore, a good basic knowledge of camouflage and concealment principles
and techniques is needed.

AGENDA:

1. Target Indication
2. Camouflage
3. Ghillie suit types

24
 4. Camouflaging weapons and equipment

ENABLING LEARNING OBJECTIVE A:

ACTION:
Understand how camouflage applies to the sniper’s mission

CONDITIONS:
Target Indication, camouflage methods, types of camouflage

STANDARDS:
Apply the proper camouflage and techniques to remain undetected

LEARNING STEP ACTIVITIES:

1. Definition of cover and Concelament

2. Target Indication
3. Reduce Target Indication
4. Methods of building Camo Equipment
5. Different forms of camouflage
6. Types of Ghillie Suits
7. Camo Weapons and Equipment

ENABLING LEARNING OBJECTIVE B:

ACTION:
Understand the purpose of different types of ghillie suits

CONDITIONS:
Given examples of different types of ghillie suits available to the sniper

STANDARDS:
Understand the different types of ghillie suits and construct a ghillie suit which is
suited to the current situation

LEARNING STEP ACTIVITIES:

1. 1 piece ghillie suits

2. 2 piece ghillie suits
3. 1 piece smocks
4. Cobra hoods
5. Sniper capes
6. Commercial ghillie suits
7. IR retaining ghillie suits

ENABLING LEARNING OBJECTIVE C:

25
 ACTION:
Camouflage weapons and equipment

CONDITIONS:
Given examples of all equipment that must be camouflaged as well as materials
and techniques available

STANDARDS:
Apply the techniques learned and camouflage all assigned weapons and
equipment

LEARNING STEP ACTIVITIES:

1. Camouflaging weapons
2. Camouflaging optics
3. Camouflaging kit

SUMMARY:
With this lesson the student will have a firm understanding of the techniques and
materials that can be used to camouflage himself, his equipment and his weapons in
any given situation in order to remain undetected when conducting sniper operations.

26
POI 4103 INDIVIDUAL MOVEMENT & LINES OF ADVANCE LESSON

A. LESSON TITLE:
Individual Movement & Lines of Advance

B. LESSON AIM:
The aim of the lesson is to teach the students the fundamentals of planning and
conducting individual movement, in order to move with stealth while conducting
sniper operations.

C. TERMINAL LEARNING OBJECTIVE:

ACTION:
Infiltrate into a target area undetected

CONDITIONS:
Given a Sniper Weapon System, a ghillie suite, all related sniper equipment, a
field environment, and an enemy position

STANDARDS:
Employ stealth movement techniques to approach a target position without being
observed and/or detected.

D. TESTS:
6 Stalk Exams
2 Stalk, Observe & Report Exams
Final Mission Exam
End of Course Written Exam

TYPE:
Theoretical and Practical

E. TYPE OF INSTRUCTION:
Theoretical

F. AVAILABLE TIME:
1.5 Hours

G. TRAINING AIDS:
PowerPoint
Projector
PC
Laser Pointer
Dry Erase Board with markers

27
H. INSTRUCTOR-to-STUDENT RATIO:
1:24

I. EQUIPMENT/MATERIALS TO BE ISSUED:
None

J. HANDOUTS FOR STUDENTS:

Class Handout

K. STUDENT PREPARATIONS:
None

L. STUDENT EQUIPMENT NEEDED:

Note Book
Pencil

M. PRE-REQUISITE LESSONS:
None

N. LESSON USED IN OTHER COURSES:

None

O. SAFETY CLEARANCE:
None

P. SAFETY PRECAUTIONS:
None

Q. REFERENCE:
POI SOTIC Course Nr.8365

ADMINISTRATIVE DATA

NECESSARY SUPPORT/EQUIPMENT:
None

HELPERS:
1 Assistant Instructor (Optional)

TRAINING FACILITY:
Classroom

TRAINING DAY PREPARATIONS:

PREPARATION BEFORE TRAINING:

PowerPoint presentation is prepared

28
 Instructor has rehearsed the class
PC is operational
Projector is operational
PowerPoint presentation is operational
Student handouts are printed
Ensure Dry Erase Markers are operational
Ensure Dry Erase Board is present

PREPARATIONS AT TRAINING AREA:

Issue handouts

RANGE POC:
None

ANNEX/ATTACHMENTS:
None

PRESENTATION

REASON:
Maximize the probability of mission success.
Maximize the chance of survivability.

INTRODUCTION:
The success of a sniper’s mission depends on his ability to get close to TGT, achieve
his mission and withdraw without being detected. IOT to do this, he must be able to
move undetected through different types of terrain. This class serves as an introduction
to achieve this. Practical exercise is required to achieve the desired effect.

AGENDA:

1. Introduction
2. Phases
3. Planning & Preparation
4. Lines of advance
5. Movement techniques
6. How to use terrain and situation analysis

ENABLING LEARNING OBJECTIVE A:

ACTION:
Plan, prepare and carry out an assigned Sniper Mission in accordance with the
Commander’s intent

CONDITIONS:

29
 Given a classroom discussion on how to plan and conduct a silent, unobserved
movement and individual movement techniques.

STANDARDS:
Apply the phases of planning to select a line of advance

LEARNING STEP ACTIVITIES:

1. Planning
2. Infiltration
3. Execution
4. Exfiltration
5. Debrief

ENABLING LEARNING OBJECTIVE B:

ACTION:
Plan a silent and unobserved movement to and from a final firing position.

CONDITIONS:
Given individual sniper weapons and equipment, a map of the area, intelligence,
and a mission

STANDARDS:
Remain undetected during a sniper mission

LEARNING STEP ACTIVITIES:

1. Discuss battle field environments

2. Discuss individual movement techniques

ENABLING LEARNING OBJECTIVE C:

ACTION:
Apply terrain and situation analysis to select a line of advance

CONDITIONS:
Given individual sniper weapons and equipment, a map of the area, intelligence,
and a mission

STANDARDS:
Select the best line of advance to and from a target and target area

LEARNING STEP ACTIVITIES:

1. Discuss the importance of mission variables and mission analysis

30
 2. Discuss situation analysis
3. Discuss terrain analysis

SUMMARY:
With this lesson the student will have a firm understanding of the fundamentals of
selecting his line of advance, and the techniques to apply those fundamentals when
moving into a final firing position.

31
POI 4104 SNIPER WEAPON SYSTEM LESSON

A. LESSON TITLE:
Sniper Weapon System and Equipment

B. LESSON AIM:
The aim of the lesson is to teach the students the characteristics of the Sniper
Weapon System, disassembly and assembly, and techniques for cleaning the
weapon.

C. TERMINAL LEARNING OBJECTIVE:

ACTION:
Engage targets with precision fire.

CONDITIONS:
Given a Sniper Weapon System, all related sniper equipment, a field
environment, an observer, and the requirement to engage stationary, snap and
moving targets at known and unknown distances from 200 to 1200 meters

STANDARDS:
 90% first-round hits on stationary targets at ranges of 600 meters.
 50% first-round hits on stationary targets at ranges from 600 to 1200
meters.
 70% first-round hits on moving targets at ranges to 300 meters.
 70% first-round hits on snap targets at ranges to 400 meters.

D. TESTS:
End of Course Written Exam
Known Distance Marksmanship Exam
Snaps and Movers Marksmanship Exam
Unknown Distance Marksmanship Exam
Unknown Distance Night Marksmanship Exam
Stress Test Exam
Final Mission Exam

TYPE:
Theoretical

E. TYPE OF INSTRUCTION:
Theoretical and Practical

F. AVAILABLE TIME:
1 Hour

32
G. TRAINING AIDS:
PowerPoint
Projector
PC
Laser Pointer
Dry Erase Board with markers
Sniper Weapon System

H. INSTRUCTOR-to-STUDENT RATIO:
1:24

I. EQUIPMENT/MATERIALS TO BE ISSUED:
1 Sniper Weapon System per student

J. HANDOUTS FOR STUDENTS:

Class Handout

K. STUDENT PREPARATIONS:
Draw weapons from arms room

L. STUDENT EQUIPMENT NEEDED:

Note Book
Pencil
1 Sniper Weapon System

M. PRE-REQUISITE LESSONS:
None

N. LESSON USED IN OTHER COURSES:

None

O. SAFETY CLEARANCE:
None

P. SAFETY PRECAUTIONS:
None

Q. REFERENCE:
TM 9-1005-438-13&P

ADMINISTRATIVE DATA

NECESSARY SUPPORT/EQUIPMENT:
1 Sniper Weapon System

HELPERS:

33
1 Assistant Instructor

TRAINING FACILITY:
Classroom

TRAINING DAY PREPARATIONS:

PREPARATION BEFORE TRAINING:

PowerPoint presentation is prepared
Instructor has rehearsed the class
PC is operational
Projector is operational
PowerPoint presentation is operational
Student handouts are printed
Ensure Dry Erase Markers are operational
Ensure Dry Erase Board is present
Draw weapons from arms room

PREPARATIONS AT TRAINING AREA:

Issue handouts

RANGE POC:
None

ANNEX/ATTACHMENTS:
None

PRESENTATION

INTRODUCTION:
Sniper rifles and optics are machined to very fine tolerances and standards. They are
sensitive to dirt, moisture and rough handling. In order to maximize rifle and optic
effectiveness a regular maintenance plan must be followed. Failure to clean and
maintain sniper equipment will lead to mission failure.

AGENDA:

1. General Description
2. Major Components
3. Specifications
4. Cleaning
5. Pre-shoot inspection
6. Rifle customization

ENABLING LEARNING OBJECTIVE A:

34
 ACTION:
Understand the characteristics of the Sniper Weapon System

CONDITIONS:
Given a classroom discussion on the technical specification and characteristics
of the Sniper Weapon System

STANDARDS:
Apply the knowledge when operating the sniper weapon system

LEARNING STEP ACTIVITIES:

1. General description
2. Major Components
3. Specifications

ENABLING LEARNING OBJECTIVE B:

ACTION:
Understand how to maintain the sniper weapons system

CONDITIONS:
Given a classroom discussion on the proper assembly and disassembly methods
and cleaning techniques

STANDARDS:
Apply the knowledge when maintaining the sniper weapon system

LEARNING STEP ACTIVITIES:

1. Discuss the methods for disassembly and assembly

2. Discuss proper cleaning techniques
3. Pre-shooting inspection and torque settings

ENABLING LEARNING OBJECTIVE C:

ACTION:
Adjust sniper weapon system to fit individual shooter

CONDITIONS:
Given a classroom discussion on the proper assembly and disassembly methods
and cleaning techniques

STANDARDS:
Properly set length of pull, eye relief and mount weapon accessories in an
ergonomic location.

35
 LEARNING STEP ACTIVITIES:

1. Discuss the proper steps for tailoring a sniper weapon system

2. Discuss the adjustment points of the sniper weapon system
3. Discuss the adjustment points of the day optic sight.

SUMMARY:
With this lesson the student will have a firm understanding of the characteristics of the
sniper weapons system, how to properly maintain the system, and how to perform daily
torque adjustments.

36
POI 4105 RANGE ESTIMATION LESSON

A. LESSON TITLE:
Range Estimation

B. LESSON AIM:
To enable a sniper to quickly and accurately identify the range to various targets
to ensure first round hits at different distances.

C. TERMINAL LEARNING OBJECTIVE:

ACTION:
Observe a target area

CONDITIONS:
Given a Sniper Weapon System, all related sniper equipment, a field
environment, a trained observer, and the requirement to observe a target area
and report all pertinent intelligence

STANDARDS:
Observe the target area and report all information of intelligence value

D. TESTS:
End of Course Written Exam
Known Distance Marksmanship Exam
Unknown Distance Marksmanship Exam
Stalk Exams
5 Judging Distance Exams
Final Mission Exam

TYPE:
Theoretical and Practical

E. TYPE OF INSTRUCTION:
Theoretical

F. AVAILABLE TIME:
1 Hour

G. TRAINING AIDS:
PowerPoint
Projector
PC
Laser Pointer
Dry Erase Board with markers

37
H. INSTRUCTOR-to-STUDENT RATIO:
1:24

I. EQUIPMENT/MATERIALS TO BE ISSUED:
None

J. HANDOUTS FOR STUDENTS:

Class Handout
Assessment sheet

K. STUDENT PREPARATIONS:
None

L. STUDENT EQUIPMENT NEEDED:

SWS
Note Book
Pencil
Calculator

M. PRE-REQUISITE LESSONS:
None

N. LESSON USED IN OTHER COURSES:

None

O. SAFETY CLEARANCE:
None

P. SAFETY PRECAUTIONS:
None

Q. REFERENCE:
FM 23-10, TC 23 –14

ADMINISTRATIVE DATA

NECESSARY SUPPORT/EQUIPMENT:
1 Sniper Weapon System
1 Set of binoculars
1 Laser range finder
1 Tripod
1 E-Type target
2 Radios

HELPERS:

38
1 Assistant Instructor

TRAINING FACILITY:
Classroom

TRAINING DAY PREPARATIONS:

PREPARATION BEFORE TRAINING:

PowerPoint presentation is prepared
Instructor has rehearsed the class
PC is operational
Projector is operational
PowerPoint presentation is operational
Student handouts are printed
Ensure Dry Erase Markers are operational
Ensure Dry Erase Board is present
Draw weapon and equipment from arms room

PREPARATIONS AT TRAINING AREA:

Issue handouts

RANGE POC:
None

ANNEX/ATTACHMENTS:
None

PRESENTATION

INTRODUCTION:
To enable a sniper to quickly and accurately identify the range to various targets to
ensure first round hits at different distances. This one-hour lecture and the practical
exercise will provide you with the information to understand and apply the methods and
aids used to determine distance. This knowledge will greatly increase your chances of
a first round hit.

AGENDA:

1. Estimation by eye
2. Estimation with Optics
3. Mil Relation Formula

ENABLING LEARNING OBJECTIVE A:

ACTION:
Understand the techniques of judging distance

39
 CONDITIONS:
Given a classroom discussion on the methods and techniques for judging
distance

STANDARDS:
Apply the methods and techniques learned to quickly and accurately estimate
range to targets

LEARNING STEP ACTIVITIES:

1. Estimation by eye
2. Estimation with Optics
3. Mil Relation

SUMMARY:
With this lesson the student will have a firm understanding of the methods, techniques
and aids used for judging distances with precision using a sniper weapon system and
related equipment.

40
POI 4106 SNIPER HIDES AND LOOPHOLES

A. LESSON TITLE:
Sniper Hides and Loopholes

B. LESSON AIM:
The aim of the lesson is to teach the students the techniques for selecting and
constructing a sniper hide site and how to utilize loopholes to fire while remaining
undetected.

C. TERMINAL LEARNING OBJECTIVE:

ACTION:
Infiltrate into a target area undetected

CONDITIONS:
Given a Sniper Weapon System, a ghillie suite, all related sniper equipment, a
field environment, and an enemy position

STANDARDS:
Employ stealth movement techniques to approach a target position without being
observed and/or detected.

D. TESTS:
End of Course Written Exam
8 Stalk Exams
Sniper Mission Exam

TYPE:
Theoretical and Practical

E. TYPE OF INSTRUCTION:
Theoretical

F. AVAILABLE TIME:
1 Hour

G. TRAINING AIDS:
PowerPoint
Projector
PC
Laser Pointer
Dry Erase Board with markers

H. INSTRUCTOR-to-STUDENT RATIO:

41
 1:24

I. EQUIPMENT/MATERIALS TO BE ISSUED:
Digging Tools

J. HANDOUTS FOR STUDENTS:

Class Handout

K. STUDENT PREPARATIONS:
None

L. STUDENT EQUIPMENT NEEDED:

Note Book
Pencil

M. PRE-REQUISITE LESSONS:
None

N. LESSON USED IN OTHER COURSES:

None

O. SAFETY CLEARANCE:
None

P. SAFETY PRECAUTIONS:
None

Q. REFERENCE:
POI SOTIC Course Nr.8378

ADMINISTRATIVE DATA

NECESSARY SUPPORT/EQUIPMENT:
None

HELPERS:
1 Assistant Instructor

TRAINING FACILITY:
Classroom

TRAINING DAY PREPARATIONS:

PREPARATION BEFORE TRAINING:

PowerPoint presentation is prepared
Instructor has rehearsed the class

42
 PC is operational
Projector is operational
PowerPoint presentation is operational
Student handouts are printed
Ensure Dry Erase Markers are operational
Ensure Dry Erase Board is present

PREPARATIONS AT TRAINING AREA:

Issue handouts

RANGE POC:
None

ANNEX/ATTACHMENTS:
None

PRESENTATION

INTRODUCTION:
As a sniper on today’s modern battlefield, you must be well-versed in the construction of
hide sites in any environment to effectively observe, report and engage the enemy while
remaining undetected

AGENDA:

1. Hide site definition

2. Loophole definition
3. Planning considerations
4. Hasty & Prepared hides

ENABLING LEARNING OBJECTIVE A:

ACTION:
Understand the purpose of hide sites and loopholes

CONDITIONS:
Given a classroom discussion on the definition and purpose of hide sites and
loopholes

STANDARDS:
Understand the purpose of hide sites and loopholes

LEARNING STEP ACTIVITIES:

1. Discuss the definition and purpose of a hide site

2. Discuss the definition and purpose of a loophole

43
ENABLING LEARNING OBJECTIVE B:

ACTION:
Establish and construct a hide site

CONDITIONS:
Given a classroom discussion on the things that must be considered prior to the
construction of a hide site as well as tools to be used for construction and
equipment needed to operate from a hide site

STANDARDS:
Apply the lessons learned in this lesson when selecting and constructing a hide
site during sniper operations

LEARNING STEP ACTIVITIES:

1. Possible hide site locations

2. Locations to be avoided
3. Tasks within the hide site
4. Principles of a hide site
5. Planning considerations
6. Equipment needed
7. Occupation of a hide site
8. considerations from within the hide site
9. Contingencies
10. Other considerations

ENABLING LEARNING OBJECTIVE C:

ACTION:
Understand the pro and cons of different types of hide sites

CONDITIONS:
Given a classroom discussion on different types of hide sites and examples of
situations in which different types of hides would be used

STANDARDS:
Apply the lessons learned in this lesson when selecting and constructing a hide
site during sniper operations

LEARNING STEP ACTIVITIES:

1. Types of sniper hide sites

2. Hasty hides
3. Expedient hides

44
 4. Belly hides
5. Semi permanent hides
6. Improvised hides
7. Dummy hides

SUMMARY:
With this lesson the student will have a firm understanding of the planning
considerations for selecting and constructing a sniper hide site and loophole in any
given situation.

45
POI 4107 OBSERVATION OF TERRAIN LESSON

A. LESSON TITLE:
Observation of the Ground

B. LESSON AIM:
The aim of the lesson is to teach the students the fundamentals of observation,
observation techniques and how to implement the tools and devices at his
disposal.

C. TERMINAL LEARNING OBJECTIVE:

ACTION:
Observe a target area

CONDITIONS:
Given a Sniper Weapon System, all related sniper equipment, a field
environment, a trained observer, and the requirement to observe a target area
and report all pertinent intelligence

STANDARDS:
Observe the target area and report all information of intelligence value

D. TESTS:
End of Course Written Exam
5 Observation Exams
8 Stalk Exams
Final Mission Exam

TYPE:
Theoretical and Practical

E. TYPE OF INSTRUCTION:
Theoretical

F. AVAILABLE TIME:
1 Hour

G. TRAINING AIDS:
PowerPoint
Projector
PC
Laser Pointer

H. INSTRUCTOR-to-STUDENT RATIO:
1:24

46
I. EQUIPMENT/MATERIALS TO BE ISSUED:
None

J. HANDOUTS FOR STUDENTS:

Class Handout

K. STUDENT PREPARATIONS:
None

L. STUDENT EQUIPMENT NEEDED:

Note Book
Pencil

M. PRE-REQUISITE LESSONS:
None

N. LESSON USED IN OTHER COURSES:

None

O. SAFETY CLEARANCE:
None

P. SAFETY PRECAUTIONS:
None

Q. REFERENCE:
POI SOTIC Course Nr. 8351
TC 18-32 Special Forces Sniper

ADMINISTRATIVE DATA

NECESSARY SUPPORT/EQUIPMENT:
None

HELPERS:
1 Assistant Instructor

TRAINING FACILITY:
Classroom

TRAINING DAY PREPARATIONS:

PREPARATION BEFORE TRAINING:

PowerPoint presentation is prepared
Instructor has rehearsed the class

47
 PC is operational
Projector is operational
PowerPoint presentation is operational
Student handouts are printed
Ensure Dry Erase Markers are operational
Ensure Dry Erase Board is present

PREPARATIONS AT TRAINING AREA:

Issue handouts

RANGE POC:
None

ANNEX/ATTACHMENTS:
None

PRESENTATION

INTRODUCTION:
The sniper’s primary mission is the reporting of battlefield intelligence. This requires the
ability to detect target indicators and signs of enemy presence. A sniper may be a great
marksman, but if he can’t detect the enemy’s presence on the battlefield, his mission
will most likely end in failure. One of the most crucial skills a sniper must possess is the
ability to conduct observation of the battlefield, interpret what he sees and accurately
report this intelligence back to his higher HQ. Snipers must learn how to observe the
enemy while remaining undetected

AGENDA:

1. Elements of Observation
2. Target Indicators
3. Visual Factors
4. Search Techniques
5. Observation during periods of limited visibility
6. Observation by auditory means
7. Devices used for observation

ENABLING LEARNING OBJECTIVE A:

ACTION:
Identify enemy positions, weapons and equipment in a target area

CONDITIONS:
Given a classroom discussion on target indicators as well as examples of target
indicators and methods in identification

48
 STANDARDS:
Identify enemy target by identifying the target indicators

LEARNING STEP ACTIVITIES:

1. Definition of target indicators

2. 4 target indicators
3. 8 Visual Factors (6SCM)

ENABLING LEARNING OBJECTIVE B:

ACTION:
Search a target area

CONDITIONS:
Given a classroom discussion on scanning techniques

STANDARDS:
Apply the various scanning techniques when observing a target area

LEARNING STEP ACTIVITIES:

1. Hasty Search
2. Detailed Search
3. Extended Observation
4. Observation Devices
5. Optic searching Techniques

ENABLING LEARNING OBJECTIVE C:

ACTION:
Observe a target area during periods of limited visibility

CONDITIONS:
Given a classroom discussion examples of limited visibility as well as techniques
for observation during these periods

STANDARDS:
Apply the techniques while observing a target area during periods of limited
visibility

LEARNING STEP ACTIVITIES:

1. Factors that affect night vision

2. Off center vision
3. Limited visibility searching techniques

49
ENABLING LEARNING OBJECTIVE D:

ACTION:
Observe a target area by sound

CONDITIONS:
Given a classroom discussion on audible target indicators and methods for
detection

STANDARDS:
Apply the techniques while observing a target area during periods of limited
visibility

LEARNING STEP ACTIVITIES:

1. Observation by sound
2. Determine distance by sound

ENABLING LEARNING OBJECTIVE E:

ACTION:
Observe a target area with observation devices

CONDITIONS:
Given a classroom discussion on observation devices

STANDARDS:
Utilize observation devices when observing a target area

LEARNING STEP ACTIVITIES:

1. Observation devices

SUMMARY:
With this lesson the student will be able to apply searching techniques, in all light
conditions, in order to detect target indicators. Finding target indicators will allow
students to detect targets and report information of intelligence value.

POI 4108 SNIPER OBSERVATION LOG, RANGE CARDS AND PANORAMIC

SKETCHING LESSON

A. LESSON TITLE:
Sniper Observation Logs, Range Cards and Panoramic Sketching

50
B. LESSON AIM:
The aim of the lesson is to teach the students the standards for creating an
observation log and range card, how to engage targets quickly and efficiently
with a range card and techniques for drawing a detailed sketch of a target area.

C. TERMINAL LEARNING OBJECTIVE:

ACTION:
Observe a target area

CONDITIONS:
Given a Sniper Weapon System, all related sniper equipment, a field
environment, a trained observer, and the requirement to observe a target area
and report all pertinent intelligence

STANDARDS:
Observe the target area and report all information of intelligence value

D. TESTS:
End of Course Written Exam
Unknown Distance Exam
Unknown Distance Night Exam
5 Observation Exams
Final Mission Exam

TYPE:
Theoretical and Practical

E. TYPE OF INSTRUCTION:
Theoretical

F. AVAILABLE TIME:
1.5 Hour

G. TRAINING AIDS:
PowerPoint
Projector
PC
Laser Pointer
Dry Erase Board with markers

H. INSTRUCTOR-to-STUDENT RATIO:
1:24

I. EQUIPMENT/MATERIALS TO BE ISSUED:
Clip Board

51
 Sketch Paper

J. HANDOUTS FOR STUDENTS:

Class Handout

K. STUDENT PREPARATIONS:
None

L. STUDENT EQUIPMENT NEEDED:

Note Book
Pencil

M. PRE-REQUISITE LESSONS:
None

N. LESSON USED IN OTHER COURSES:

None

O. SAFETY CLEARANCE:
None

P. SAFETY PRECAUTIONS:
None

Q. REFERENCE:
POI SOTIC Course Nr. 8354
TC 18-32 Special Forces Sniper

ADMINISTRATIVE DATA

NECESSARY SUPPORT/EQUIPMENT:
None

HELPERS:
1 Assistant Instructor

TRAINING FACILITY:
Classroom

TRAINING DAY PREPARATIONS:

PREPARATION BEFORE TRAINING:

PowerPoint presentation is prepared
Instructor has rehearsed the class
PC is operational
Projector is operational

52
 PowerPoint presentation is operational
Student handouts are printed
Ensure Dry Erase Markers are operational
Ensure Dry Erase Board is present

PREPARATIONS AT TRAINING AREA:

Issue handouts

RANGE POC:
None

ANNEX/ATTACHMENTS:
None

PRESENTATION

INTRODUCTION:
Every sniper must be able to draw a clear sketch of an object or certain terrain. A
sniper’s sketch will enable him to quickly engage targets and unknown distances and
may be the only piece of intelligence available for a commander to use while planning
future operations.

AGENDA:

1. Observation log
2. Range card
3. Target indication at unknown distance
4. Military sketching
5. Sketching techniques

ENABLING LEARNING OBJECTIVE A:

ACTION:
Create a sniper observation log and range card

CONDITIONS:
Given a classroom discussion on an observation log and range card, as well as
examples of the information a log must contain in order to relay intelligence

STANDARDS:
Create a detailed observation log and range card in order to relay battlefield
intelligence

LEARNING STEP ACTIVITIES:

1. Observation Log

53
 2. SALUTE and SNAP reports
3. Range Card
4. Terrain considerations

ENABLING LEARNING OBJECTIVE B:

ACTION:
Direct sniper partner to a target quickly and efficiently

CONDITIONS:
Given a classroom discussion, a range card and a target at an unknown distance

STANDARDS:
Direct sniper partner to a target and engage target with precision fire in under
one minute

LEARNING STEP ACTIVITIES:

1. Arc of fire
2. Direct method
3. Clock-ray method
4. Reference-point method
5. Positive feedback

ENABLING LEARNING OBJECTIVE C:

ACTION:
Create a Military Sketch of a target area

CONDITIONS:
Given a classroom discussion on the techniques for drawing a panoramic sketch

STANDARDS:
Draw a detailed panoramic sketch of a target area in order to relay battlefield
intelligence

LEARNING STEP ACTIVITIES:

1. Types of Military Sketches

2. Sketching Techniques
3. Sketching common Objects
4. Legend
5. Sketch Examples and Practice Exercise

SUMMARY:

54
With this lesson the student will have a firm understanding of the requirements in
creating OB logs, range cards and panoramic sketches and the basic knowledge of
techniques in drawing detailed sketches.

55
POI 4109 INTRODUCTION TO PHOTOGRAPHY

A. LESSON TITLE:
Introduction to Photography

B. LESSON AIM:
The aim of this class is to introduce the students to the capabilities of modern
Digital Single Lens Reflex (DSLR) cameras and lenses and the procedures used
to capture quality photographs of intelligence value in varying light conditions and
tactical settings.

C. TERMINAL LEARNING OBJECTIVE:

ACTION:
Observe a target area

CONDITIONS:
Given a Sniper Weapon System, all related sniper equipment, a field
environment, a trained observer, and the requirement to observe a target area
and report all pertinent intelligence

STANDARDS:
Observe the target area and report all information of intelligence value

D. TEST:
End of course written exam

E. TYPE OF INSTRUCTION:
Theoretical

F. AVAILABLE TIME:
90 min.

G. TRAINING AIDS:
- PowerPoint.
- LCD Projector
- PC
- DSLR Camera and lens

H. INSTRUCTOR-to-STUDENT RATIO:
1:20/24

I. EQUIPMENT/MATERIALS TO BE ISSUED:
None

J. HANDOUTS FOR STUDENTS:

56
 Course Program, ISTC Abbreviations

K. STUDENT PREPARATIONS:
None

L. PRE-REQUISITE LESSONS:
None

M. LESSON USED IN OTHER COURSES:

None

N. SAFETY CLEARANCE:
None

O. SAFETY PRECAUTIONS:
None

P. REFERENCE:
TC 18-32 Special Forces Sniper Training and Employment (2003)
Understanding Exposure (3rd Ed), Peterson (2010)

ADMINISTRATIVE DATA

NECESSARY SUPPORT/EQUIPMENT:
TRANSPORT: None
AMMUNITION: None
COMMS: None

HELPERS:
None

TRAINING FACILITY:
Classroom with at least 30 Seats

RANGE DAYS:
None
PREPARATION BEFORE DEPARTURE:
None
PREPARATIONS AT RANGE:
None
RANGE POC:
None

ANNEX/ATTACHMENTS:
TBD

57
PRESENTATION

INTRODUCTION/MOTIVATOR:
Not all sniper missions terminate in taking a shot with a rifle, but all sniper missions
terminate with reporting information. The skillful use of DSLR cameras will enable the
sniper to provide much needed information to higher in clear, concise manner in near
real time. This information is invaluable for planning and mission success.

AGENDA:
1. SLR camera overview
2. ISO
3. Shutter Speed
4. F-stop
5. Focus
6. Telephoto Lens
7. Shooting Techniques

ENABLING LEARNING OBJECTIVE A:

ACTION:
Understand the relationship between the basic elements of the photographic
triangle: ISO, shutter speed and F-stop.

CONDITIONS:
Given an overview of the photographic triangle, a DSLR camera and telephoto
lens.

STANDARDS:
Properly adjust camera and lens settings to capture a digital image with proper
color balance and clarity.

LEARNING STEP ACTIVITIES:

1. Discuss the body of a DSLR camera
2. Discuss ISO settings
3. Discuss F-stop settings
4. Discuss shutter speed
5. Discuss Lens focus

ENABLING LEARNING OBJECTIVE B:

ACTION:
Determine the proper camera settings to capture clear photographs of
intelligence value in low light conditions, through obstacles, of moving targets
and of personal identification (PID) quality.

CONDITIONS:

58
 Given an overview of image capturing techniques, a DSLR camera and telephoto
lens.

STANDARDS:
Capture clear, high quality photos of:
o A building at night
o A vehicle moving at 50 KPH
o Facial recognition at 200 meters

LEARNING STEP ACTIVITIES:

1. Discuss hand-held shooting techniques
2. Discuss tripod shooting techniques
3. Discuss panning shooting technique
4. Discuss stop-action shooting technique
5. Discuss macro shooting techniques

SUMMARY:
The vast majority of a sniper’s duty is based on gathering and reporting information. On
the modern battle field information is based digitally and quickly. The most efficient and
effective way of communicating what you see is to send a picture. A DSLR camera
allows a sniper to capture photos of moving targets, targets at night and video from a
concealed position.

59
POI 4110 SIGHT ADJUSTMENT AND ZERO

A. LESSON TITLE:
Sight Adjustment and Zero

B. LESSON AIM:
To enable the students to properly achieve a no wind zero.

C. TERMINAL LEARNING OBJECTIVE:

ACTION:
Engage targets with precision fire.

CONDITIONS:
Given a Sniper Weapon System, all related sniper equipment, a field
environment, an observer, and the requirement to engage stationary, snap and
moving targets at known and unknown distances from 200 to 1200 meters

STANDARDS:
 90% first-round hits on stationary targets at ranges of 600 meters.
 50% first-round hits on stationary targets at ranges from 600 to 1200
meters.
 70% first-round hits on moving targets at ranges to 300 meters.
 70% first-round hits on snap targets at ranges to 400 meters.

D. TESTS:
End of Course Written Exam
Known Distance Marksmanship Exam
Snaps and Movers Marksmanship Exam
Unknown Distance Marksmanship Exam
Unknown Distance Night Marksmanship Exam
Stress Test Exam
Final Mission Exam

TYPE:
Theoretical and Practical

E. TYPE OF INSTRUCTION:
Theoretical

F. AVAILABLE TIME:
1 Hour

G. TRAINING AIDS:
60
 PowerPoint
Projector
PC
Laser Pointer
Dry Erase Board with markers

H. INSTRUCTOR-to-STUDENT RATIO:
1:24

I. EQUIPMENT/MATERIALS TO BE ISSUED:
None

J. HANDOUTS FOR STUDENTS:

Class Handout

K. STUDENT PREPARATIONS:
None

L. STUDENT EQUIPMENT NEEDED:

Note Book
Pencil

M. PRE-REQUISITE LESSONS:
None

N. LESSON USED IN OTHER COURSES:

None

O. SAFETY CLEARANCE:
None

P. SAFETY PRECAUTIONS:
None

Q. REFERENCE:
TC 18-32 Special Forces Sniper

ADMINISTRATIVE DATA

NECESSARY SUPPORT/EQUIPMENT:
None

HELPERS:
1 Assistant Instructor

TRAINING FACILITY:

61
Classroom

TRAINING DAY PREPARATIONS:

PREPARATION BEFORE TRAINING:

PowerPoint presentation is prepared
Instructor has rehearsed the class
PC is operational
Projector is operational
PowerPoint presentation is operational
Student handouts are printed
Ensure Dry Erase Markers are operational
Ensure Dry Erase Board is present

PREPARATIONS AT TRAINING AREA:

Issue handouts

RANGE POC:
None

ANNEX/ATTACHMENTS:
None

PRESENTATION

INTRODUCTION:
A major role of the sniper is to engage targets with precision rifle fire. This requires a
sniper to know where point of impact on target is with relation to scope data, point of
aim and range. The first step in achieving this goal is correctly zeroing the SWS with no
wind error.

AGENDA:

1. Definition of weapon zero

2. Definitions
3. Rifle zeroing process

ENABLING LEARNING OBJECTIVE A:

ACTION:
Understand the factors and definitions that affect zeroing a sniper rifle

CONDITIONS:
Given a classroom discussion on the definitions of the key terms involved in
zeroing a rifle

62
 STANDARDS:
Understand the factors that affect a rifle zero

LEARNING STEP ACTIVITIES:

1. Definition of rifle zero

2. Definitions

ENABLING LEARNING OBJECTIVE B:

ACTION:
Understand the process of zeroing a sniper rifle

CONDITIONS:
Given a classroom discussion on the process of zeroing a rifle

STANDARDS:
Zero a sniper weapon system in 10 rounds

LEARNING STEP ACTIVITIES:

1. Process of zeroing a rifle

SUMMARY:
With this lesson students will be able to match their mean point of impact at their point
of aim with sufficient grouping size.

63
POI 4111 SNIPER OBSERVER RELATIONSHIP AND DIALOG LESSON

A. LESSON TITLE:
Sniper Dialog

B. LESSON AIM:
The aim of the lesson is to teach the student sniper and observer how to
communicate with each other so that all communication is clear concise and fast
in order to maximize the efficiency of the sniper team.

C. TERMINAL LEARNING OBJECTIVE:

ACTION:
Engage targets with precision fire.

CONDITIONS:
Given a Sniper Weapon System, all related sniper equipment, a field
environment, an observer, and the requirement to engage stationary, snap and
moving targets at known and unknown distances from 200 to 1200 meters

STANDARDS:
 90% first-round hits on stationary targets at ranges of 600 meters.
 50% first-round hits on stationary targets at ranges from 600 to 1200
meters.
 70% first-round hits on moving targets at ranges to 300 meters.
 70% first-round hits on snap targets at ranges to 400 meters.

D. TESTS:
End of Course Written Exam
Known Distance Marksmanship Exam
Unknown Distance Marksmanship Exam
Final Mission Exam

TYPE:
Theoretical and Practical

E. TYPE OF INSTRUCTION:
Theoretical

F. AVAILABLE TIME:
0.5 Hour

G. TRAINING AIDS:
PowerPoint
Projector

64
 PC
Laser Pointer
Dry Erase Board with markers
2 Instructor demonstration team
Sniper Weapon System

H. INSTRUCTOR-to-STUDENT RATIO:
1:24

I. EQUIPMENT/MATERIALS TO BE ISSUED:
None

J. HANDOUTS FOR STUDENTS:

Class Handout

K. STUDENT PREPARATIONS:
None

L. STUDENT EQUIPMENT NEEDED:

Note Book
Pencil

M. PRE-REQUISITE LESSONS:
None

N. LESSON USED IN OTHER COURSES:

None

O. SAFETY CLEARANCE:
None

P. SAFETY PRECAUTIONS:
None

Q. REFERENCE:
None

ADMINISTRATIVE DATA

NECESSARY SUPPORT/EQUIPMENT:
None

HELPERS:
2 Assistant Instructors

TRAINING FACILITY:

65
Classroom

TRAINING DAY PREPARATIONS:

PREPARATION BEFORE TRAINING:

PowerPoint presentation is prepared
Instructor has rehearsed the class
PC is operational
Projector is operational
PowerPoint presentation is operational
Student handouts are printed
Ensure Dry Erase Markers are operational
Ensure Dry Erase Board is present
Draw weapons and equipment from arms room

PREPARATIONS AT TRAINING AREA:

Issue handouts

RANGE POC:
None

ANNEX/ATTACHMENTS:
None

PRESENTATION

INTRODUCTION:
A sniper team’s ability to hit their target depends on the individual’s communications
skills. This class serves as an introduction on how to communicate correctly and
efficiently within your sniper team. Practical training is required to achieve the desired
effect.

AGENDA:

1. Introduction
2. Spotter shooter dialog

ENABLING LEARNING OBJECTIVE A:

ACTION:
Understand the techniques to achieve effective communication within a two man
sniper team

CONDITIONS:
Given a classroom discussion on sniper dialog and effective communication

66
 STANDARDS:
Apply the techniques and develop effective sniper dialog within your sniper team

LEARNING STEP ACTIVITIES:

1. Spotter target acquisition

2. Shooter confirmation
3. Scope corrections
4. Engagement
5. Shot observation
6. Corrections

SUMMARY:
With this lesson the student will have a firm understanding of the techniques to develop
effective dialog between the shooter and spotter. This will enable them to quickly and
efficiently identify targets to each other, determine range and windage and make
corrections.

67
POI 4112 SNIPER MARKSMANSHIP

A. LESSON TITLE:
Sniper Marksmanship

B. LESSON AIM:
To teach the students the fundamentals of sniper marksmanship and how to
assume a proper shooting position.

C. TERMINAL LEARNING OBJECTIVE:

ACTION:
Engage targets with precision fire.

CONDITIONS:
Given a Sniper Weapon System, all related sniper equipment, a field
environment, an observer, and the requirement to engage stationary, snap and
moving targets at known and unknown distances from 200 to 1200 meters

STANDARDS:
 90% first-round hits on stationary targets at ranges of 600 meters.
 50% first-round hits on stationary targets at ranges from 600 to 1200
meters.
 70% first-round hits on moving targets at ranges to 300 meters.
 70% first-round hits on snap targets at ranges to 400 meters.

D. TESTS:
End of Course Written Exam
Known Distance Marksmanship Exam
Snaps and Movers Marksmanship Exam
Unknown Distance Marksmanship Exam
Unknown Distance Night Marksmanship Exam
Stress Test Exam
Final Mission Exam

TYPE:
Theoretical and Practical

E. TYPE OF INSTRUCTION:
Theoretical

F. AVAILABLE TIME:
1 Hour

G. TRAINING AIDS:

68
 PowerPoint
Projector
PC
Laser Pointer
Dry Erase Board with markers

H. INSTRUCTOR-to-STUDENT RATIO:
1:24

I. EQUIPMENT/MATERIALS TO BE ISSUED:
None

J. HANDOUTS FOR STUDENTS:

Class Handout

K. STUDENT PREPARATIONS:
None

L. STUDENT EQUIPMENT NEEDED:

Note Book
Pencil

M. PRE-REQUISITE LESSONS:
None

N. LESSON USED IN OTHER COURSES:

None

O. SAFETY CLEARANCE:
None

P. SAFETY PRECAUTIONS:
None

Q. REFERENCE:
TC 18-32 Special Forces Sniper

ADMINISTRATIVE DATA

NECESSARY SUPPORT/EQUIPMENT:
None

HELPERS:
1 Assistant Instructor

TRAINING FACILITY:

69
Classroom

TRAINING DAY PREPARATIONS:

PREPARATION BEFORE TRAINING:

PowerPoint presentation is prepared
Instructor has rehearsed the class
PC is operational
Projector is operational
PowerPoint presentation is operational
Student handouts are printed
Ensure Dry Erase Markers are operational
Ensure Dry Erase Board is present

PREPARATIONS AT TRAINING AREA:

Issue handouts

RANGE POC:
None

ANNEX/ATTACHMENTS:
None

PRESENTATION

INTRODUCTION:
A major role of the sniper is to engage targets with precision rifle fire. This skill is
extremely perishable. Sniper marksmanship differs from basic rifle marksmanship only
in the degree of expertise. The sniper, using basic and advanced marksmanship as
building blocks, must adapt the conventional methods of firing to meet his unique
requirements. The sniper must make first-round hits in a field environment under less
than ideal conditions. The fundamentals are developed into fixed and correct firing
habits that become instinctive. This reaction is known as the “conditioning of the
nervous system.”

AGENDA:

4. History of the sniper

5. Elements of a good shooting position
6. Fundamentals of sniper marksmanship
7. Types of Shooting Positions

ENABLING LEARNING OBJECTIVE A:

ACTION:
Understand the fundamentals elements of a good shooting position

70
 CONDITIONS:
Given a classroom discussion on the fundamentals elements of a good shooting
position

STANDARDS:
Understand the elements of a good shooting position in order to properly apply
the fundamentals of sniper marksmanship

LEARNING STEP ACTIVITIES:

1. Discuss bone support

2. Discuss muscular relaxation
3. Discuss natural point of aim
4. Solid, Stable, Durable

ENABLING LEARNING OBJECTIVE B:

ACTION:
Understand the fundamentals of sniper marksmanship

CONDITIONS:
Given a classroom discussion on the fundamentals of sniper marksmanship, a
sniper range and a sniper weapon system

STANDARDS:
Apply the fundamentals of marksmanship when firing sniper rifles

LEARNING STEP ACTIVITIES:

2. Discuss what makes a steady position

3. How to control breathing
4. Proper aiming techniques
5. Trigger Control
6. Follow through
7. Calling the shoot

ENABLING LEARNING OBJECTIVE C:

ACTION:
Apply the fundamentals of sniper marksmanship to any shooting position

CONDITIONS:
Given a classroom discussion on the techniques to achieve a proper shooting
position

71
 STANDARDS:
Apply the fundamentals of marksmanship when firing sniper rifles from the prone,
sitting, kneeling, squatting and standing positions.

LEARNING STEP ACTIVITIES:

1. Discuss the techniques to achieve a steady prone position

2. Discuss the techniques to achieve a steady kneeling position
3. Discuss the techniques to achieve a steady sitting position
4. Discuss the techniques to achieve a steady squatting
5. Discuss the techniques to achieve a steady standing position

SUMMARY:
With this lesson students will be able to engage targets at various distances and under
difficult circumstances, such as moving targets and snap targets, with a high rate of first
round hits utilizing sniper marksmanship techniques.

During sniper missions prone supported firing position may not be feasible and shooters
may have to fire from a less stable position such as the sitting or kneeling. It is during
these times that applying the fundamentals of sniper marksmanship will determine a
first round hit.

72
POI 4113 APPLICATION OF FIRE LESSON 1

A. LESSON TITLE:
Application of Fire 1

B. LESSON AIM:
To give students a basic understanding of ballistics, units of measurement and
formulas used when calculating rifle scope adjustments and/or holds.

C. TERMINAL LEARNING OBJECTIVE:

ACTION:
Engage targets with precision fire.

CONDITIONS:
Given a Sniper Weapon System, all related sniper equipment, a field
environment, an observer, and the requirement to engage stationary, snap and
moving targets at known and unknown distances from 200 to 1200 meters.

STANDARDS:
 90% first-round hits on stationary targets at ranges of 600 meters.
 50% first-round hits on stationary targets at ranges from 600 to 1200
meters.
 70% first-round hits on moving targets at ranges to 300 meters.
 70% first-round hits on snap targets at ranges to 400 meters.

D. TESTS:
End of Course Written Exam
Known Distance Marksmanship Exam
Snaps and Movers Marksmanship Exam
Unknown Distance Marksmanship Exam
Unknown Distance Night Marksmanship Exam
Stress Test Exam
Final Mission Exam

TYPE:
Theoretical and Practical

E. TYPE OF INSTRUCTION:
Theoretical

F. AVAILABLE TIME:
1 Hour

G. TRAINING AIDS:

73
 PowerPoint
Projector
PC
Laser Pointer
Dry Erase Board with markers

H. INSTRUCTOR-to-STUDENT RATIO:
1:24

I. EQUIPMENT/MATERIALS TO BE ISSUED:
None

J. HANDOUTS FOR STUDENTS:

Class Handout

K. STUDENT PREPARATIONS:
None

L. STUDENT EQUIPMENT NEEDED:

Note Book
Pencil

L. PRE-REQUISITE LESSONS:
Sniper Marksmanship

M. LESSON USED IN OTHER COURSES:

None

N. SAFETY CLEARANCE:
None

O. SAFETY PRECAUTIONS:
None

P. REFERENCE:
TC 18-32 Special Forces Sniper

ADMINISTRATIVE DATA

NECESSARY SUPPORT/EQUIPMENT:
None

HELPERS:
1 Assistant Instructor

TRAINING FACILITY:

74
Classroom

TRAINING DAY PREPARATIONS:

PREPARATION BEFORE TRAINING:

PowerPoint presentation is prepared
Instructor has rehearsed the class
PC is operational
Projector is operational
PowerPoint presentation is operational
Student handouts are printed
Ensure Dry Erase Markers are operational
Ensure Dry Erase Board is present

PREPARATIONS AT TRAINING AREA:

Issue handouts

RANGE POC:
None

ANNEX/ATTACHMENTS:
None

PRESENTATION

INTRODUCTION:
Shooting targets at long range requires knowledge of where a bullet will be at a given
distance based on the angle of departure. Ballistics is the study of the motion of
projectiles in flight and the science used to determine a bullet’s point of impact. This
class will explain how sniper’s exploit this information to make accurate shots at long
distances.

AGENDA:

1. Ballistics terminology
2. Introduction to ballistics
3. Rifle scope adjustment
4. Holding vs. dialing

ENABLING LEARNING OBJECTIVE A:

ACTION:
Understand the fundamentals of the ballistics

CONDITIONS:
Given a classroom discussion on ballistics

75
 STANDARDS:
Apply the fundamentals of ballistics to create sniper data card.

LEARNING STEP ACTIVITIES:

1. Terminology
2. Types of Ballistics
3. External Ballistics
4. Trajectory
5. Danger Space

ENABLING LEARNING OBJECTIVE B:

ACTION:
Correct for bullet drop at a given range using rifle scope data

CONDITIONS:
Given a Sniper Weapon System and ballistic chart

STANDARDS:
Apply the correct scope data/hold over to engage targets with precision fire.

LEARNING STEP ACTIVITIES:

1. Measurements
2. Bullet Drop
3. Dialing rifle scope data
4. Holding over rifle scope data

SUMMARY:
A commercially produced lot of match grade ammunition and a well maintained sniper
rifle will have repeatable shot data. Using a basic knowledge of ballistics, mathematical
formulas and a rifle scope with a graduated scale a sniper can exploit this fact to
engage targets with precision fire.

76
POI 4114 CORRECTING FOR ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS LESSON

A. LESSON TITLE:
Correcting for Environmental Conditions

B. LESSON AIM:
The aim of the lesson is to teach the students the formulas and techniques used
to compensate for changes in the environment such as wind, temperature,
humidity, pressure and light.

C. TERMINAL LEARNING OBJECTIVE:

ACTION:
Engage targets with precision fire.

CONDITIONS:
Given a Sniper Weapon System, all related sniper equipment, a field
environment, an observer, and the requirement to engage stationary, snap and
moving targets at known and unknown distances from 200 to 1200 meters.

STANDARDS:
 90% first-round hits on stationary targets at ranges of 600 meters.
 50% first-round hits on stationary targets at ranges from 600 to 1200
meters.
 70% first-round hits on moving targets at ranges to 300 meters.
 70% first-round hits on snap targets at ranges to 400 meters.

D. TESTS:
End of Course Written Exam
Known Distance Marksmanship Exam
Snaps and Movers Marksmanship Exam
Unknown Distance Marksmanship Exam
Unknown Distance Night Marksmanship Exam
Stress Test Exam
Final Mission Exam

TYPE:
Theoretical and Practical

E. TYPE OF INSTRUCTION:
Theoretical

F. AVAILABLE TIME:
1 Hour

77
G. TRAINING AIDS:
PowerPoint
Projector
PC
Laser Pointer
Dry Erase Board with markers

H. INSTRUCTOR-to-STUDENT RATIO:
1:24

I. EQUIPMENT/MATERIALS TO BE ISSUED:
None

J. HANDOUTS FOR STUDENTS:

Class Handout

K. STUDENT PREPARATIONS:
None

L. STUDENT EQUIPMENT NEEDED:

Note Book
Pencil

M. PRE-REQUISITE LESSONS:
None

N. LESSON USED IN OTHER COURSES:

None

O. SAFETY CLEARANCE:
None

P. SAFETY PRECAUTIONS:
None

Q. REFERENCE:
POI SOTIC Course Nr.8313

ADMINISTRATIVE DATA

NECESSARY SUPPORT/EQUIPMENT:
None

HELPERS:
1 Assistant Instructor

78
TRAINING FACILITY:
Classroom

TRAINING DAY PREPARATIONS:

PREPARATION BEFORE TRAINING:

PowerPoint presentation is prepared
Instructor has rehearsed the class
PC is operational
Projector is operational
PowerPoint presentation is operational
Student handouts are printed
Ensure Dry Erase Markers are operational
Ensure Dry Erase Board is present

PREPARATIONS AT TRAINING AREA:

Issue handouts

RANGE POC:
None

ANNEX/ATTACHMENTS:
None

PRESENTATION

INTRODUCTION:
For the highly trained Sniper, the effects of his environment are the main causes of error
in the strike of the bullet. Wind, mirage, light, temperature, pressure and humidity affect
the bullet, the sniper, or both.

AGENDA:

1. Air
2. Barometric Pressure/Altitude
3. Temperature
4. Humidity
5. Light
6. Wind
7. Mirage
8. Tools

ENABLING LEARNING OBJECTIVE A:

ACTION:

79
 Understand the different meteorological factors and environmental conditions to
be considered when shooting

CONDITIONS:
Given a classroom discussion on the correcting for meteorological factors and
environmental conditions

STANDARDS:
Apply the proper corrections to account for different environmental conditions
when shooting

LEARNING STEP ACTIVITIES:

1. Air
2. Barometric Pressure/Altitude
3. Temperature
4. Humidity
5. Light
6. Wind
7. Mirage

ENABLING LEARNING OBJECTIVE B:

ACTION:
Understand how to properly apply the various formulas for correcting for
environmental conditions

CONDITIONS:
Given a classroom discussion on the formulas for correcting for environmental
conditions

STANDARDS:
Apply the formulas for correcting for environmental conditions when shooting

LEARNING STEP ACTIVITIES:

1. Determine meteorological conditions

2. Determine wind direction
3. Determine wind speed
4. Apply formulas

SUMMARY:
With this lesson the student will have a firm understanding of the different environmental
conditions and meteorological factors that affect ballistic performance and how to apply
proper corrections.

80
POI 4115 INTRODUCTION TO BALLISTIC COMPUTERS

A. LESSON TITLE:
Introduction to Ballistic Computers

B. LESSON AIM:
To teach the students the capabilities, proper use of and form factors of ballistic
solvers.

C. TERMINAL LEARNING OBJECTIVE:

ACTION:
Engage targets with precision fire.

CONDITIONS:
Given a Sniper Weapon System, all related sniper equipment, a field
environment, an observer, and the requirement to engage stationary and moving
targets at distances from 200 to 1200 meters

STANDARDS:
Create a printed ballistic chart adjusted for the proper density altitude in order to
achieve:
 90% first-round hits on stationary targets at ranges of 600 meters.
 50% first-round hits on stationary targets at ranges from 600 to 1200
meters.
 70% first-round hits on moving targets at ranges to 300 meters.
 70% first-round hits on snap targets at ranges to 400 meters.

D. TESTS:
End of Course Written Exam
Known Distance Marksmanship Exam
Snaps and Movers Marksmanship Exam
Unknown Distance Marksmanship Exam
Unknown Distance Night Marksmanship Exam
Stress Test Exam
Final Mission Exam

TYPE:
Theoretical and Practical

E. TYPE OF INSTRUCTION:
Theoretical

F. AVAILABLE TIME:
1 Hour

81
G. TRAINING AIDS:
PowerPoint
Projector
PC
Laser Pointer
Dry Erase Board with markers

H. INSTRUCTOR-to-STUDENT RATIO:
1:24

I. EQUIPMENT/MATERIALS TO BE ISSUED:
None

J. HANDOUTS FOR STUDENTS:

Class Handout

K. STUDENT PREPARATIONS:
None

L. STUDENT EQUIPMENT NEEDED:

Note Book
Pencil

M. PRE-REQUISITE LESSONS:
None

N. LESSON USED IN OTHER COURSES:

None

O. SAFETY CLEARANCE:
None

P. SAFETY PRECAUTIONS:
None

Q. REFERENCE:
Applied Ballistics for Long Range Shooting, 2nd Edition. Bryan Litz, 2011
Sniper Magazine, June 2011, “Ballistics for Beginners” by Todd Hodnett

ADMINISTRATIVE DATA

NECESSARY SUPPORT/EQUIPMENT:
None

HELPERS:

82
1 Assistant Instructor

TRAINING FACILITY:
Classroom

TRAINING DAY PREPARATIONS:

PREPARATION BEFORE TRAINING:

PowerPoint presentation is prepared
Instructor has rehearsed the class
PC is operational
Projector is operational
PowerPoint presentation is operational
Student handouts are printed
Ensure Dry Erase Markers are operational
Ensure Dry Erase Board is present

PREPARATIONS AT TRAINING AREA:

Issue handouts

RANGE POC:
None

ANNEX/ATTACHMENTS:
None

PRESENTATION

INTRODUCTION:
“…the ballistic solvers we’ll discuss here are probably the greatest tools a long gunner
could ever have. However, they are tools, not crutches. We still must have the ability to
perform the task without their use. However, given the opportunity, we should always
use this wonderful technology” - Todd Hodnett, Sniper Magazine, June 2011

AGENDA:

1. Introduction
2. Input Variables
3. Output Data
4. Other Shooting Tools
5. “Truing” Process
6. Common Mistakes

ENABLING LEARNING OBJECTIVE A:

ACTION:

83
 Understand the basic functions of a ballistic solver

CONDITIONS:
Given a classroom discussion on the on the basic information a ballistic algorithm
needs to work

STANDARDS:
Understand how to input the minimum amount of information into a ballistic
solver to produce a ballistic chart

LEARNING STEP ACTIVITIES:

1. Definition of Ballistic Program

2. Minimum input data required
3. Advanced input data
4. Understanding ballistic program shooting solutions

ENABLING LEARNING OBJECTIVE B:

ACTION:
Adjust ballistic solver solution to match observed shooting data

CONDITIONS:
Given a classroom discussion on the process of “truing” a ballistic computer

STANDARDS:
Understand how to accurately predict muzzle velocity or ballistic coefficient using
a ballistic solver

LEARNING STEP ACTIVITIES:

1. Tools used in conjunction with a ballistic solver

2. Calculating the Speed of Sound
3. Truing Process

ENABLING LEARNING OBJECTIVE C:

ACTION:
Produce ballistic solver solutions for multiple scenarios by manipulating input
data

CONDITIONS:
Given a classroom discussion on the relationship between density altitude and
barometric pressures, temperature and humidity

STANDARDS:

84
 Correctly produce ballistic charts for field use adjusted to the proper density
altitude for shooting conditions.

LEARNING STEP ACTIVITIES:

1. Definition of density altitude

2. How barometric pressure affects density altitude
3. How humidity affects density altitude
4. How temperature affects density altitude
5. How to use density altitude specific ballistic charts

SUMMARY:
With this lesson students will be able to produce accurate ballistic charts for field use, in
any environment, with any ballistic calculator. Sniper missions are often performed in
environments very different from available training venues. Ballistic calculators offer the
opportunity to create ballistics charts containing accurate scope data for any set of
environmental conditions.

85
POI 4116 INTRODUCTION TO NIGHT VISION DEVICES LESSON

A. LESSON TITLE:
Night Vision Devices

B. LESSON AIM:
The aim of the lesson is to teach the students how to employ night vision devices
with the sniper weapon system as well as the characteristics and maintenance of
these devices.

C. TERMINAL LEARNING OBJECTIVE:

ACTION:
Engage targets with precision fire.

CONDITIONS:
Given a Sniper Weapon System, all related sniper equipment, a field
environment, an observer, and the requirement to engage stationary, snap and
moving targets at known and unknown distances from 200 to 1200 meters

STANDARDS:
 90% first-round hits on stationary targets at ranges of 600 meters.
 50% first-round hits on stationary targets at ranges from 600 to 1200
meters.
 70% first-round hits on moving targets at ranges to 300 meters.
 70% first-round hits on snap targets at ranges to 400 meters.

D. TESTS:
Night Sniper Marksmanship Exam
Sniper Mission Exam
End of Course Written Exam

TYPE:
Theoretical and Practical

E. TYPE OF INSTRUCTION:
Theoretical and Practical

F. AVAILABLE TIME:
30 Minutes

G. TRAINING AIDS:
SWS
1 Night Vision Device

86
H. INSTRUCTOR-to-STUDENT RATIO:
1:24

I. EQUIPMENT/MATERIALS TO BE ISSUED:
1 Night Vision Device per student
1 sniper weapon system per student

J. HANDOUTS FOR STUDENTS:

Class Handout

K. STUDENT PREPARATIONS:
None

L. STUDENT EQUIPMENT NEEDED:

Note Book
Pencil

M. PRE-REQUISITE LESSONS:
None

N. LESSON USED IN OTHER COURSES:

None

O. SAFETY CLEARANCE:
None

P. SAFETY PRECAUTIONS:
None

Q. REFERENCE:
POI SOTIC Course Nr.8334

ADMINISTRATIVE DATA

NECESSARY SUPPORT/EQUIPMENT:
None

HELPERS:
1 Assistant Instructor

TRAINING FACILITY:
Training Area

TRAINING DAY PREPARATIONS:

PREPARATION BEFORE TRAINING:

87
 Instructor has rehearsed the class
Student handouts are printed
Weapons and Night Vision Devices drawn from arms room

PREPARATIONS AT TRAINING AREA:

Issue handouts

RANGE POC:
None

ANNEX/ATTACHMENTS:
None

PRESENTATION

INTRODUCTION:
As a sniper, you must be able to engage targets at night with a high rate of first-round
hits utilizing night vision devices. On the modern battlefield operations often take place
at night and even if you do not engage the target at night you will almost certainly have
the need to observe the target area at night. Therefore it is critical that a sniper has full
knowledge of the capabilities and limitations as well as how to properly employ these
devices to maximize the probability of mission success.

AGENDA:

1. Introduction to night vision devices

2. Attaching & Detaching
3. General description

ENABLING LEARNING OBJECTIVE A:

ACTION:
Employ a night vision device with a sniper weapon system

CONDITIONS:
Given a classroom discussion on the characteristics of night vision devices

STANDARDS:
Apply the lessons learned when firing at night

LEARNING STEP ACTIVITIES:

1. Introduction to night vision devices

2. Assembly and disassembly
3. General description

88
SUMMARY:
With this lesson the student will understand how to employ and properly maintain his
night vision device.

89
POI 4117 APPLICATION OF FIRE LESSON 2

A. LESSON TITLE:
Application of Fire 2

B. LESSON AIM:
To teach students the ballistic formulas and shooting techniques applied to
engage moving and high angle targets.

C. TERMINAL LEARNING OBJECTIVE:

ACTION:
Engage targets with precision fire.

CONDITIONS:
Given a Sniper Weapon System, all related sniper equipment, a field
environment, an observer, and the requirement to engage stationary, snap and
moving targets at known and unknown distances from 200 to 1200 meters.

STANDARDS:
 90% first-round hits on stationary targets at ranges of 600 meters.
 50% first-round hits on stationary targets at ranges from 600 to 1200
meters.
 70% first-round hits on moving targets at ranges to 300 meters.
 70% first-round hits on snap targets at ranges to 400 meters.

D. TESTS:
End of Course Written Exam
Snaps and Movers Marksmanship Exam
Stress Test Exam
Final Mission Exam

TYPE:
Theoretical and Practical

E. TYPE OF INSTRUCTION:
Theoretical

F. AVAILABLE TIME:
1 Hour

G. TRAINING AIDS:
PowerPoint
Projector
PC

90
 Laser Pointer
Dry Erase Board with markers

H. INSTRUCTOR-to-STUDENT RATIO:
1:24

I. EQUIPMENT/MATERIALS TO BE ISSUED:
None

J. HANDOUTS FOR STUDENTS:

Class Handout

K. STUDENT PREPARATIONS:
None

L. STUDENT EQUIPMENT NEEDED:

Note Book
Pencil

L. PRE-REQUISITE LESSONS:
Sniper Marksmanship
Application of Fire 1

M. LESSON USED IN OTHER COURSES:

None

N. SAFETY CLEARANCE:
None

O. SAFETY PRECAUTIONS:
None

P. REFERENCE:
TC 18-32

ADMINISTRATIVE DATA

NECESSARY SUPPORT/EQUIPMENT:
None

HELPERS:
1 Assistant Instructor

TRAINING FACILITY:
Classroom

91
TRAINING DAY PREPARATIONS:

PREPARATION BEFORE TRAINING:

PowerPoint presentation is prepared
Instructor has rehearsed the class
PC is operational
Projector is operational
PowerPoint presentation is operational
Student handouts are printed
Ensure Dry Erase Markers are operational
Ensure Dry Erase Board is present

PREPARATIONS AT TRAINING AREA:

Issue handouts

RANGE POC:
None

ANNEX/ATTACHMENTS:
None

PRESENTATION

INTRODUCTION:
Shooting paper targets is easy. Shooting moving targets, at distance, with wind is a
very different story. This class will explain the tools that the sniper has at his disposal to
ensure accurate and deliberate target engagement, before actually taking the shot

AGENDA:

5. Moving Targets
6. Slope Firing
7. Hold Over/Under and Battle Zero

ENABLING LEARNING OBJECTIVE A:

ACTION:
Engage moving targets with precision fire

CONDITIONS:
Given a Sniper Weapon System, all related sniper equipment, a field
environment, an observer, and the requirement to engage moving targets at
distances from 200 to 500 meters.

STANDARDS:
 70% first-round hits on moving targets at ranges to 300 meters.

92
  70% first-round hits on snap targets at ranges to 400 meters.

LEARNING STEP ACTIVITIES:

6. Calculating leads
7. Mover shooting techniques
8. Adjusting for wind

ENABLING LEARNING OBJECTIVE B:

ACTION:
Engage high/low angle targets with precision fire

CONDITIONS:
Given a Sniper Weapon System, all related sniper equipment, a field
environment, an observer, and the requirement to engage high or low angle
targets

STANDARDS:
Correctly describe the mathematical formula for adjusting elevation data to
engage high and low angle targets with precision fire

LEARNING STEP ACTIVITIES:

1. Gravity distance vs. line of sight distance

2. Calculating gravity distance
3. Shooting positions

ENABLING LEARNING OBJECTIVE C:

ACTION:
Engage targets with a battle sight zero

CONDITIONS:
Given a Sniper Weapon System, all related sniper equipment, a field
environment, an observer, and the requirement to engage high or low angle
targets

STANDARDS:
Engage targets at various ranges using scope data for a single range

LEARNING STEP ACTIVITIES:

1. Calculate Hold Over/Under for 200, 300 and 500 meters

2. Discuss applying holdover data to battle sight zero

93
SUMMARY:
With this lesson students will be able to apply mathematical formulas to calculate leads
for moving targets and proper elevation data for high/low angle targets.

94
POI 4118 SNIPER MISSION PLANNING LESSON

A. LESSON TITLE:
Sniper Mission Planning

B. LESSON AIM:
The aim of the lesson is, to teach the students the basics of MDMP, mission
planning, and apply these rules into their future sniper missions.

C. TERMINAL LEARNING OBJECTIVE:

ACTION:
Plan a sniper mission

CONDITIONS:
Given the weapons and equipment for conducting sniper operations, a suitable
training area, a target and a map of the area

STANDARDS:
Plan and conduct a sniper mission in accordance with the fundamentals of
operations planning

D. TESTS:
End of Course Written Exam
Final Mission Exam

TYPE:
Theoretical and Practical

E. TYPE OF INSTRUCTION:
Theoretical

F. AVAILABLE TIME:
1.5 Hour

G. TRAINING AIDS:
PowerPoint
Projector
PC
Laser Pointer
Dry Erase Board with markers

H. INSTRUCTOR-to-STUDENT RATIO:
1:24

95
I. EQUIPMENT/MATERIALS TO BE ISSUED:
None

J. HANDOUTS FOR STUDENTS:

Class Handout

K. STUDENT PREPARATIONS:
None

L. STUDENT EQUIPMENT NEEDED:

Note Book
Pencil

M. PRE-REQUISITE LESSONS:
None

N. LESSON USED IN OTHER COURSES:

None

O. SAFETY CLEARANCE:
None

P. SAFETY PRECAUTIONS:
None

Q. REFERENCE:
FM 3-05.222; Special Forces Sniper Training and Employment
FM 101-5; Planning and Orders Production

ADMINISTRATIVE DATA

NECESSARY SUPPORT/EQUIPMENT:
None

HELPERS:
1 Assistant Instructor

TRAINING FACILITY:
Classroom

TRAINING DAY PREPARATIONS:

PREPARATION BEFORE TRAINING:

PowerPoint presentation is prepared
Instructor has rehearsed the class
PC is operational

96
 Projector is operational
PowerPoint presentation is operational
Ensure Dry Erase Markers are operational
Ensure Dry Erase Board is present

PREPARATIONS AT TRAINING AREA:

Issue handouts

RANGE POC:
None

ANNEX/ATTACHMENTS:
None

PRESENTATION

INTRODUCTION:
In order to understand the basics of sniper mission planning, you need to have a basic
grasp of MDMP and also different ways of receiving a mission. One of the vital points in
mission planning is, understanding the commander’s intent. There are many critical
points that you need to focus on as a sniper upon receiving a mission. One of the critical
tasks of a sniper during the mission planning phase is guiding the higher commander
with the proper tactical aspects and applications of snipers. In order to accomplish this
task, a sniper must be fully aware of his team’s capabilities and disabilities for every
mission.

AGENDA:

1. MDMP Overview
2. MDMP Planning Process
3. Operations Order Format

ENABLING LEARNING OBJECTIVE A:

ACTION:
Understand the fundamentals of mission planning

CONDITIONS:
Given individual sniper weapons and equipment, a map of the area, intelligence,
and a mission

STANDARDS:
Apply the techniques taught in this lesson to plan, prepare and carry out an
assigned Sniper Mission in accordance with the Commander’s intent

LEARNING STEP ACTIVITIES:

97
 4. Discuss the steps of MDMP
5. Discuss different ways of receiving a mission
6. Discuss the reconnaissance mission
7. Discuss the OPORD format

ENABLING LEARNING OBJECTIVE B:

ACTION:
Apply the fundamentals of mission planning to a sniper missions

CONDITIONS:
Given individual sniper weapons and equipment, a map of the area, intelligence,
and a mission

STANDARDS:
Apply the techniques taught in this lesson to plan, prepare and carry out an
assigned Sniper Mission in accordance with the Commander’s intent

LEARNING STEP ACTIVITIES:

3. Discuss sniper mission types

4. Discuss sniper target options
5. Discuss coordinated sniper mission planning with friendly units

SUMMARY:
With this lesson the student will have a basic understanding of the fundamentals of
mission planning and also gain some of the guidelines for the planning of successful
sniper missions in accordance with the Commander’s intent.

98
PRACTICAL EXERCISES
POI 4201 GHILLIE SUIT CONSTRUCTION PRACTICAL EXERCISE

A. EXERCISE TITLE:
Construct a Ghillie Suit Practical Exercise

B. EXERCISE AIM:
To measure the student’s ability to employ sniper field craft in order to enter a
target area, establish a final firing position, engage a target and leave a target
area undetected.

C. TERMINAL LEARNING OBJECTIVE:

ACTION:
Infiltrate into a target area undetected

CONDITIONS:
Given a Sniper Weapon System, a ghillie suite, all related sniper equipment, a
field environment, and an enemy position

STANDARDS:
Employ stealth movement techniques to approach a target position without being
observed and/or detected.

D. TYPE OF EXERCISE:
Practical

E. AVAILABLE TIME:
25 Hours

F. TRAINING AIDS:
Example Ghille Suits
Ghillie Suit construction area
Ghillie Suit construction material

G. INSTRUCTOR-to-STUDENT RATIO:
1:24

H. EQUIPMENT/MATERIALS TO BE ISSUED:
Uniform
Netting
Canvas
Jute
Glue
Burlap

99
I. HANDOUTS FOR STUDENTS:
Class Handout

J. STUDENT PREPARATIONS:
None

K. STUDENT EQUIPMENT NEEDED:

Ghillie suit

L. PRE-REQUISITE LESSONS:
Camouflage and concealment lesson

M. LESSON USED IN OTHER COURSES:

None

N. SAFETY CLEARANCE:
None

O. SAFETY PRECAUTIONS:
Stalk Briefing

P. REFERENCE:
POI SOTIC Course Nr. 8364,
TC 18-32 Special Forces Sniper Training and Employment 25 APR 2003

ADMINISTRATIVE DATA

NECESSARY SUPPORT/EQUIPMENT:
1 Instructor Vehicle
4 Student Vehicles
Blank ammunition

HELPERS:
5 Assistant Instructors
4 Vehicle Drivers

TRAINING FACILITY:
Designated stalk training area

TRAINING DAY PREPARATIONS:

PREPARATION BEFORE TRAINING:

Training area requested
Instructors have been briefed on responsibilities

100
 Draw Sniper Weapon and equipment from arms room
Stalk deployment box is prepared
Radios charged and loaded in stalk box
1 Vehicle for instructors is prepositioned
4 Vehicles for students are prepositioned
Stalk brief is prepared

PREPARATIONS AT TRAINING AREA:

Set up Stock exercise OP with 1 assistant instructor as the observer
Prepare 4 instructors to be walkers in orange vests
Issue blank ammunition to students and instructors

RANGE POC:
Range Control

ANNEX/ATTACHMENTS:
None

EXERCISE

ACTION:
Construct a Ghillie Suit

CONDITIONS:
Given a basic uniform, netting, natural and artificial camouflage material and other
accessories (canvas, jute, shoe goo, flat paint of various colors, green, brown, tan, etc.).

STANDARDS:
Construct a Ghillie suit that blends in with the operational environment and denies the
enemy the ability to detect you through casual observation from a minimum of 200
meters.

AGENDA:

1. Students assemble at the Ghillie Suite construction area

2. Brief students the task, conditions and standards of the exercise
3. Construct a Ghillie Suit
4. Instructor feed back

EXECUTION:

PHASE 1:
Students assemble in the Ghillie Suit construction area
Students are given an orientation brief to the Ghillie Suit construction area

101
 PHASE 2:
Select a set of ACUs/BDUs or one-piece aviator-type uniforms/coveralls.

PHASE 3:
Cover the front of the ghillie suit with canvas or some type of heavy cloth to
reinforce it.
 The knees and elbows will be covered with two layers of canvas or heavy
cloth (of a non-reflective material). The canvas will be attached to the
ghillie suit using heavy threading (sewing) or Shoe Goo glue or both.
 The seam of the crotch will be reinforced with heavy nylon thread.
 The netting will be attached by sewing at the shoulders, sides, middle, and
bottom of the top of the ghillie suit. Also netting will be sewn onto the
trousers/bottom of the ghillie suit at the top, middle, sides and bottom.

PHASE 4:
Camouflage ghillie suit with jute/garnish.
 Jute/Garnish must have irregular patterns and blending colors.
 Strips of jute/garnish will be tied into the netting that is sewn onto mainly
the back, the legs, the arms (above the elbows), and the shoulders.
 The head gear (hood or brimmed boonie hat) will be covered with netting
and attached by sewing. This netting will have jute/garnish tied in the
same manner and will not hang below the shoulders with the exception of
a tail.

PHASE 5:
Construct a veil.
 The veil will be draped over the head, hanging no lower than the
shoulders.
 The veil will have camouflage jute/garnish tied to it to break up the outline
of the head and the solid features of the net.

PHASE 6:
Clean Ghillie Suit construction area
Instructor Feedback

REMARKS:
Instructors will be present during Ghille Suit construction to provide feedback and
coaching to students. The Ghillie Suits constructed during this exercise will be used by
students throughout the course and effect the student’s grade during stalk exercises
and the sniper mission exercise.

SUMMARY:
The Ghille Suit construction exercise will be conducted with no impact on the student’s
overall grade. It will serve as training where the students will apply techniques taught in
the classroom lessons and receive coaching and instruction from the instructors. The

102
Ghille Suit constructed by the student will have a direct effect on the student’s
performance during the stalk examinations

103
POI 4202 LINES OF ADVANCE PRACTICAL EXERCISE

A. EXERCISE TITLE:
Lines of Advance Practical Exercise and Stalk Demonstration

B. EXERCISE AIM:
To measure the student’s ability to employ sniper field craft in order to enter a
target area, establish a final firing position, engage a target and leave a target
area undetected.

C. TERMINAL LEARNING OBJECTIVE:

ACTION:
Infiltrate into a target area undetected

CONDITIONS:
Given a Sniper Weapon System, a ghillie suite, all related sniper equipment, a
field environment, and an enemy position

STANDARDS:
Employ stealth movement techniques to approach a target position without being
observed and/or detected.

D. TYPE OF EXERCISE:
Practical

E. AVAILABLE TIME:
3 Hours

F. TRAINING AIDS:
2 sets of Binoculars
2 Laser Range Finders
1 Table
6 Radios
4 Orange Vests
4 Yellow Procedure Cards
1 Set of Identification Letters
24 Student Stalk Maps
Stalk Assessment Sheets
1 Vehicle for the OP
1 Water Can

G. INSTRUCTOR-to-STUDENT RATIO:
1:4

H. EQUIPMENT/MATERIALS TO BE ISSUED:
104
 Stalk Maps
Blank Ammunition

I. HANDOUTS FOR STUDENTS:

Class Handout

J. STUDENT PREPARATIONS:
Students are given 20 minutes to camouflage themselves and equipment and to
study the map.

K. STUDENT EQUIPMENT NEEDED:

Ghillie suit
Sniper Weapon System
Compass
Note book
Pencil
Binoculars
Face paint
2 quarts water
Wrist watch

L. PRE-REQUISITE LESSONS:
Camouflage and concealment lesson
Sniper hides and loopholes lesson
Individual movement/selecting lines of advance lesson
Judging Distance
Application of Fire 1

M. LESSON USED IN OTHER COURSES:

None

N. SAFETY CLEARANCE:
None

O. SAFETY PRECAUTIONS:
Stalk Briefing

P. REFERENCE:
POI SOTIC Course Nr. 8364,
TC 18-32 Special Forces Sniper Training and Employment 25 APR 2003

ADMINISTRATIVE DATA

NECESSARY SUPPORT/EQUIPMENT:
1 Instructor Vehicle
4 Student Vehicles

105
Blank ammunition

HELPERS:
5 Assistant Instructors
4 Vehicle Drivers

TRAINING FACILITY:
Designated stalk training area

TRAINING DAY PREPARATIONS:

PREPARATION BEFORE TRAINING:

Training area requested
Instructors have been briefed on responsibilities
Draw Sniper Weapon and equipment from arms room
Stalk deployment box is prepared
Radios charged and loaded in stalk box
1 Vehicle for instructors is prepositioned
4 Vehicles for students are prepositioned
Stalk brief is prepared

PREPARATIONS AT TRAINING AREA:

Set up Stock exercise OP with 1 assistant instructor as the observer
Prepare 4 instructors to be walkers in orange vests
Issue blank ammunition to students and instructors

RANGE POC:
Range Control

ANNEX/ATTACHMENTS:
None

EXERCISE

ACTION:
Conduct the execution phase (stalk) of a sniper mission

CONDITIONS:
Given a semi-permissive environment, the weapons and equipment for conducting
sniper operations, a map of the area, intelligence, and a mission with the following
requirements:
 Move undetected 400 to 1600 meters to target area
 Eliminate the enemy OP located at a 6 digit grid coordinate location
 Establish FFP no more than 300 meters from the OP
 Avoid detection by enemy forces and/or civilians
 Fire first shot no later than 3 hours after notification

106
STANDARDS:
No later than 3 hours after beginning stalk from a mission support site, identify target,
establish a final firing position, and eliminate the enemy OP without being detected;
then exfiltrate without detection

AGENDA:

5. Students assemble at the Stalk exercise area

6. Brief students the task conditions and standards of the stalk exercise
7. Conduct Stalk Exercise Student Process Overview
8. Conduct Lines of Advance Student Walk Through
9. Conduct FFP Selection Student Walk Though
10. Instructor feed back

EXECUTION:

PHASE 1:
Students assemble in the stalk area

PHASE 2:
Instructors present a detailed overview and demonstration of the Stalk Exercise
procedures beginning from the point at which a student has fired his first shot.

PHASE 3:
Demonstrating Instructor is processed:
An Instructor moves within 5m of the Demonstrating Instructor
If undetected Demonstrating Instructor will identify the code symbol
If undetected Demonstrating Instructor will take their second blank shot
If undetected Demonstrating Instructor will state their range to the target
Walkers will check the scope settings on the rifle
Instructors critique Demonstrating Instructor’s performance
Students inspect the Demonstrating Instructor’s FFP.

PHASE 4:
Students and instructors will move to the designated Stalk Lane’s start point.

PHASE 5:
Each instructor will take a group of students and provide a detailed overview and
walk through of the procedures of the execution phase of the Stalk Exercise. At
a minimum, instructors will cover:
 How to use a map to plan the final phase of the exercise
 How to use terrain to mask movement
 How to choose natural vegetation that enhances camouflage
 How to spot a target without being detected
 The elements of a good FFP

107
  How to set up a proper FFP without being detected
 How to stalk out without being detected

REMARKS:
The goal of this practical exercise is demonstrate the proper stalking techniques to the
students with as much instructor interaction as possible.

SUMMARY:
This stalk exercise will be conducted with no impact on the student’s overall grade. It
will serve as field training where they will apply everything taught in the classroom
lessons and receive coaching and instruction from the instructors while they are
performing the exercise. After two stalk exercises the students will have a firm
understanding of the tactics, techniques and procedures needed to successfully stalk an
enemy target.

108
POI 4203 STALK PRACTICAL EXERCISE

A. EXERCISE TITLE:
Stalk Practical Exercise

B. EXERCISE AIM:
To measure the student’s ability to employ sniper field craft in order to enter a
target area, establish a final firing position, engage a target and leave a target
area undetected.

C. TERMINAL LEARNING OBJECTIVE:

ACTION:
Infiltrate into a target area undetected

CONDITIONS:
Given a Sniper Weapon System, a ghillie suite, all related sniper equipment, a
field environment, and an enemy position

STANDARDS:
Employ stealth movement techniques to approach a target position without being
observed and/or detected.

D. TYPE OF EXERCISE:
Practical

E. AVAILABLE TIME:
5 Hours

F. TRAINING AIDS:
2 sets of Binoculars
2 Laser Range Finders
1 Table
6 Radios
4 Orange Vests
4 Yellow Procedure Cards
1 Set of Identification Letters
24 Student Stalk Maps
Stalk Assessment Sheets
1 Vehicle for the OP
1 Water Can
48 300 Winmag blank rounds

G. INSTRUCTOR-to-STUDENT RATIO:
1:4

109
H. EQUIPMENT/MATERIALS TO BE ISSUED:
Stalk Maps
Blank Ammunition

I. HANDOUTS FOR STUDENTS:

Class Handout

J. STUDENT PREPARATIONS:
Students are given 20 minutes to camouflage themselves and equipment and to
study the map.

K. STUDENT EQUIPMENT NEEDED:

Ghillie suit
Sniper Weapon System
Compass
Note book
Pencil
Binoculars
Face paint
2 quarts water
Wrist watch

L. PRE-REQUISITE LESSONS:
Camouflage and concealment lesson
Sniper hides and loopholes lesson
Individual movement/selecting lines of advance lesson
Judging Distance
Application of Fire

M. LESSON USED IN OTHER COURSES:

None

N. SAFETY CLEARANCE:
None

O. SAFETY PRECAUTIONS:
Stalk Briefing

P. REFERENCE:
POI SOTIC Course Nr. 8364,
TC 18-32 Special Forces Sniper Training and Employment 25 APR 2003

ADMINISTRATIVE DATA

NECESSARY SUPPORT/EQUIPMENT:

110
1 Instructor Vehicle
4 Student Vehicles
Blank ammunition

HELPERS:
5 Assistant Instructors
4 Vehicle Drivers

TRAINING FACILITY:
Designated stalk training area

TRAINING DAY PREPARATIONS:

PREPARATION BEFORE TRAINING:

Training area requested
Instructors have been briefed on responsibilities
Draw Sniper Weapon and equipment from arms room
Stalk deployment box is prepared
Radios charged and loaded in stalk box
1 Vehicle for instructors is prepositioned
4 Vehicles for students are prepositioned
Stalk brief is prepared

PREPARATIONS AT TRAINING AREA:

Set up Stock exercise OP with 1 assistant instructor as the observer
Prepare 4 instructors to be walkers in orange vests
Issue blank ammunition to students and instructors

RANGE POC:
Range Control

ANNEX/ATTACHMENTS:
None

EXERCISE

ACTION:
Conduct the execution phase (stalk) of a sniper mission

CONDITIONS:
Given a semi-permissive environment, the weapons and equipment for conducting
sniper operations, a map of the area, intelligence, and a mission with the following
requirements:
 Move undetected 400 to 1600 meters to target area
 Eliminate the enemy OP located at a 6 digit grid coordinate location
 Establish FFP no more than 300 meters from the OP

111
  Avoid detection by enemy forces and/or civilians
 Fire first shot no later than 3 hours after notification

STANDARDS:
No later than 3 hours after beginning stalk from a mission support site, identify target,
establish a final firing position, and eliminate the enemy OP without being detected;
then exfiltrate without detection

AGENDA:

11. Students assemble at the Stalk exercise area

12. Brief students the task conditions and standards of the exercise
13. Conduct Stalk exercise
14. Instructor feed back

EXECUTION:

PHASE 1:
Students assemble in the stalk area
Students are given a stalk brief
Students are given 20 minutes of preparation time

PHASE 2:
Students are notified when they are under observation
Students stalk a distance of between 400 to 1600 meters
Students identify the target location
Students select an FFP no more than 300 meters away from the enemy position

Students take their first blank shot

PHASE 3:
Student is processed:
An Instructor moves within 5m of the sniper
If undetected students will identify the code symbol
If undetected, student will take their second blank shot
If undetected students will state their range to the target
Walkers will check the scope settings on the rifle
Instructors critique student’s performance
Students are told to stalk back to the pre-determined location
Students are evaluated using the stalking exercise score sheet

PHASE 4:
After all students and instructors have returned to the start point instructors will
perform an AAR

REMARKS:

112
Observers and Walkers will critique students’ performances pointing out the mistakes
made and identifying the proper techniques that should be used. All direction will be
taken from the OP and OP is control for the entire exercise.

SUMMARY:
This stalk exercise will be conducted with no impact on the student’s overall grade. It
will serve as field training where they will apply everything taught in the classroom
lessons and receive coaching and instruction from the instructors while they are
performing the exercise. After two stalk exercises the students will have a firm
understanding of the tactics, techniques and procedures needed to successfully stalk an
enemy target.

113
POI 4204 OBSERVATION OF THE GROUND PRACTICAL EXERCISE

A. EXERCISE TITLE:
Observation Practical Exercise

B. EXERCISE AIM:
The aim of this exercise is to measure the student’s abilities used for observation
and target detection.

C. TERMINAL LEARNING OBJECTIVE:

ACTION:
Observe a target area

CONDITIONS:
Given a Sniper Weapon System, all related sniper equipment, a field
environment, a trained observer, and the requirement to observe a target area
and report all pertinent intelligence

STANDARDS:
Observe the target area and report all information of intelligence value

D. TYPE OF EXERCISE:
Practical

E. AVAILABLE TIME:
1 Hour

F. TRAINING AIDS:
1 OB Box
OB assessment sheets
1 Laser range finder
24 OB test sheets
2 Radios
10 different military items

G. INSTRUCTOR-to-STUDENT RATIO:
1:24

H. EQUIPMENT/MATERIALS TO BE ISSUED:
Observation exercise sheet
Clipboard

I. HANDOUTS FOR STUDENTS:

Class Handout

114
J. STUDENT PREPARATIONS:
None

K. STUDENT EQUIPMENT NEEDED:

Sniper Weapon System
Compass
Note book
Pencil
Eraser
Binoculars
Face paint
Spotting scope
2 quarts water
Wrist watch

L. PRE-REQUISITE LESSONS:
Observation of terrain lesson, Sniper observation log, range card and panoramic
sketch lesson

M. LESSON USED IN OTHER COURSES:

None

N. SAFETY CLEARANCE:
None

O. SAFETY PRECAUTIONS:
None

P. REFERENCE:
POI SOTIC Course Nr. 8364,FM 3-22.10 Sniper Training and Operations 19 Oct
2009, FM 3-05x222 Special Forces Sniper Training and Employment 25 APR
2003, The Ultimate Sniper (Revised Edition) by MAJ John Plaster, USAR (RET.)
(2006), Illustrated Manual of Sniper Skills by Mark Spicer (2006)

ADMINISTRATIVE DATA

NECESSARY SUPPORT/EQUIPMENT:
1 Instructor Vehicle
4 Student Vehicles

HELPERS:
1 Assistant Instructor
4 Vehicle Drivers

TRAINING FACILITY:
Designated OB training area

115
TRAINING DAY PREPARATIONS:

PREPARATION BEFORE TRAINING:

Training area requested
Instructors have been briefed on responsibilities
Draw Sniper Weapon and equipment from arms room
OB deployment box is prepared
Radios charged and loaded in stalk box
1 Vehicle for instructors is prepositioned
4 Vehicles for students are prepositioned
OB brief is prepared

PREPARATIONS AT TRAINING AREA:

Set up OB exercise by placing 10 military objects in a designated sector

RANGE POC:
None

ANNEX/ATTACHMENTS:
None

PRESENTATION

ACTION:
Observe a target area

CONDITIONS:
Given a Sniper Weapon System, all related sniper equipment, a field environment, a
trained observer, and the requirement to observe a target area and report all pertinent
intelligence

STANDARDS:
Observe the target area recording all pertinent intelligence by creating an observation
log, range card and panoramic sketch

AGENDA:

1. Students assemble at the OB exercise area

2. Brief students the task conditions and standards of the exercise
3. Conduct OB exercise
4. Instructor feed back

EXECUTION:

PHASE 1:

116
 Students assemble in the OB area
Explain the aim and outline of the exercise
Issue the students 1 empty panoramic sketch
Position students on line facing the designated sector
Half of the students are positioned on the left half of the observation “line”
Half of the students are positioned on the right half of the observation “line”
Students prepare their equipment
Point out the left and right limits

PHASE 2:
Students are given 10 minutes to prepare their panoramic sketch and observe
the sector with the naked eye, from a stationary location, no higher than a
kneeling position.

PHASE 3:
Students are then given 20 minutes to observe with binoculars from a stationary
location, no higher than a kneeling position from their designated half of the
observation line.

PHASE 4:
Students then change locations on the observation line. Students who started on
the left half of the observation move to the right; students who started on the right
move to the left. Students are then given 20 minutes to observe with binoculars
from a stationary location, no higher than a kneeling position from their
designated half of the observation line.

PHASE 5:
Students are then given 10 minutes to observation from any location along the
observation line, with binoculars, no higher than a kneeling position.

PHASE 6:
After the designated time is over students turn in sketches and instructors review
the 10 military objects, show their locations and provide feedback and AAR

GRADING:

GRADING STANDARDS:
Instructor grades the exercise awarding the full 10 points to students who
observe and record all 10 objects and have an accurate panoramic sketch.

Students are awarded one point for every object identified and properly located
on the sketch, half a point if they identify the location of an object but are unable
to identify what the object is. Objects identified but placed in the wrong position
on the sketch are worth zero points.

Points are deducted base on the following criteria:

117
  One point is deducted for sketches that do not contain a north seeking
arrow.
 One point is deducted for sketches that do not contain sectors.
 One point is deducted for each item that a student fails to observe.
 Two points is deducted for sketches that do not provide enough detail to
locate items

REMARKS:
During the execution of the observation exercise, no talking is allowed.

During the preparation of their equipment, students are not allowed to look into the arc.

During the preparation of the panoramic sketch no optics are to be used.

During all observation phases the students work alone. Students who ignore this will
fail the exercise and be awarded zero points.

During the observation phase students are not allowed to change their position until
instructed to do so..

Students must stay in a position no high than kneeling; lower positions are allowed,
such as prone

When an object has been detected but not recognised, still ‘mark’ it down; after
Changing positions you might recognise it from another angle.

After the fourth observation phase has ended, students must put down their writing
equipment.

When all panoramic sketches are handed in, students are allowed to talk again.

SUMMARY:
This OB exercise will be conducted with no impact on the students overall grade. It will
serve as field training where they will apply everything taught in the classroom lessons
and receive coaching and instruction from the instructors while they are performing the
exercise. After this practice OB exercise the students will have a firm understanding of
the techniques, field craft required in observation and understand the grading system
and requirements to pass a graded OB exercise.

118
POI 4205 KIM’S GAME PRACTICAL EXERCISE

A. EXERCISE TITLE:
Kim’s Game Practical Exercise

B. EXERCISE AIM:
The aim of this exercise is to assess the student’s ability to memorize and
remember key pieces of intelligence observed during missions so that they may
report that information at a later time.

C. TERMINAL LEARNING OBJECTIVE:

ACTION:
Observe a target area

CONDITIONS:
Given a Sniper Weapon System, all related sniper equipment, a field
environment, a trained observer, and the requirement to observe a target area
and report all pertinent intelligence

STANDARDS:
Observe the target area and report all information of intelligence value

D. TEST TYPE:
Practical

F. AVAILABLE TIME:
1 Hour

G. TRAINING AIDS:
Kim’s Game assessment sheets
1 table or a place on the ground
10 random objects
1 Sheet to cover all objects

H. INSTRUCTOR-to-STUDENT RATIO:
1:24

I. EQUIPMENT/MATERIALS TO BE ISSUED:
None

J. HANDOUTS FOR STUDENTS:

None

K. STUDENT PREPARATIONS:
None

119
L. STUDENT EQUIPMENT NEEDED:
None

M. PRE-REQUISITE LESSONS:
Observation of terrain lesson, Sniper observation log, range card and panoramic
sketch lesson

N. LESSON USED IN OTHER COURSES:

None

O. SAFETY CLEARANCE:
None

P. SAFETY PRECAUTIONS:
None

Q. REFERENCE:
POI SOTIC Course Nr. 8351
FM 23-10

ADMINISTRATIVE DATA

NECESSARY SUPPORT/EQUIPMENT:
1 Instructor Vehicle
4 Student Vehicles

HELPERS:
1 Assistant Instructor
4 Vehicle Drivers

TRAINING FACILITY:
Training area

TRAINING DAY PREPARATIONS:

PREPARATION BEFORE TRAINING:

Kim’s Game deployment box is prepared
1 Vehicle for instructors is prepositioned
4 Vehicles for students are prepositioned
Kim’s Game brief is prepared

PREPARATIONS AT TRAINING AREA:

Set up Kim’s exercise by placing 10 objects on a table or ground and cover with
a sheet

120
 RANGE POC:
None

ANNEX/ATTACHMENTS:
None

PRESENTATION

ACTION:
Observe a target area

CONDITIONS:
Given a field environment, and the requirement to observe a target area consisting of 10
random objects and the requirement to memorize and remember all 10 objects without
writing, drawing or talking

STANDARDS:
Remember all 10 objects and report them at a later time

AGENDA:

1. Students assemble at the Kim’s Game exercise area

2. Brief students the task conditions and standards of the exercise
3. Conduct Kim’s Game exercise
4. Instructor feed back

EXECUTION:

PHASE 1:
Students assemble in the Kim’s Game training area
Students gather around a designated location or follow a designated route where
10 random objects will be presented to them
Explain the aim and outline of the exercise

PHASE 2:
Students are shown items.
Students have predetermined amount of time to study and memorize the objects
and/or complete the designated route

PHASE 3:
Students record as many of the objects as they can remember at designated
point(s) within a predetermined time period.

PHASE 4:
Students reassemble
Instructor collects assessment sheets

121
 Instructor reviews the objects and allows the students to view the objects
Instructor provides feed back

GRADING:

GRADING STANDARDS:
Instructor grades the exercise by awarding the full 10 points to students who
remember all 10 objects.
Instructor deducts 1 point for every object that the student does not record.

REMARKS:
During the execution of the Kim’s game exercise, no talking is allowed.
At no time during the exercise are students permitted to write or sketch
Students must remain under observation of the cadre during the entire exercise
Students who are caught talking, writing, or sketching will fail the exercise.
The time period between observing the objects and recording the objects should be
approximately one hour during the first exercise.

During this time the students will perform an unrelated task such as eating lunch, PT or
another training exercise.

The time period between observing the objects and recording the objects will increase
with each subsequent exercise.

SUMMARY:
This Kim’s Game exercise will be conducted with no impact on the students overall
grade. It will serve as field training where they will apply everything taught in the
classroom lessons and receive coaching and instruction from the instructors while they
are performing the exercise. After this practice Kim’s Game exercise the students will
have a firm understanding of the techniques, required to memorize and remember
things they observe and understand the grading system and requirements to pass a
graded Kim’s Game exercise.

122
POI 4206 RANGE ESTIMATION PRACTICAL EXERCISE

A. EXERCISE TITLE:
Judging Distance (JD) Practical Exercise

B. EXERCISE AIM:
The aim of this exercise is to assess the student’s ability to accurately estimate
range.

C. TERMINAL LEARNING OBJECTIVE:

ACTION:
Engage targets with precision fire

CONDITIONS:
Given a Sniper Weapon System, all related sniper equipment, a field
environment, an observer, and the requirement to engage stationary and moving
targets at distances from 200 to 1200 meters

STANDARDS:
 90% first-round hits on stationary targets at ranges of 600 meters.
 50% first-round hits on stationary targets at ranges from 600 to 1200
meters.
 70% first-round hits on moving targets at ranges to 300 meters.
 70% first-round hits on snap targets at ranges to 400 meters.

D. TEST TYPE:
Practical

E. AVAILABLE TIME:
1 Hour

F. TRAINING AIDS:
JD assessment sheets
1 E-Type silhouette
1 Laser Range Finder
1 Vehicle

G. INSTRUCTOR-to-STUDENT RATIO:
1:24

H. EQUIPMENT/MATERIALS TO BE ISSUED:
None

I. HANDOUTS FOR STUDENTS:

123
 1 JD assessment sheet per student

J. STUDENT PREPARATIONS:
None

K. STUDENT EQUIPMENT NEEDED:

1 Clip board
1 Calculator
1 Sniper Weapon System per student
1 Set of binoculars

L. PRE-REQUISITE LESSONS:
Observation of terrain lesson, Range Estimation lesson

M. LESSON USED IN OTHER COURSES:

None

N. SAFETY CLEARANCE:
None

O. SAFETY PRECAUTIONS:
None

P. REFERENCE:
POI SOTIC Course Nr. 8351

ADMINISTRATIVE DATA

NECESSARY SUPPORT/EQUIPMENT:
1 Instructor Vehicle
4 Student Vehicles

HELPERS:
1 Assistant Instructor
4 Vehicle Drivers

TRAINING FACILITY:
Training area with visibility out to 1200 meters

EXERCISE DAY PREPARATIONS:

PREPARATION BEFORE EXERCISE:

JD deployment box is prepared
1 Vehicle for instructors is prepositioned
4 Vehicles for students are prepositioned
JD exercise brief is prepared

124
 Brief assistant instructor on his duties

PREPARATIONS AT EXERCISE AREA:

Arrange all students on line and in the prone as if on a firing line oriented in the
direction of the JD training area
Set up JD exercise by placing targets of a known size at various ranges on the
shooting range.
-Or-
Set up JD exercise by placing 1 E-type target on a 3 meter pole on the instructor
vehicle.

RANGE POC:
None

ANNEX/ATTACHMENTS:
None

PRESENTATION

ACTION:
Estimate range to a target

CONDITIONS:
Given a field environment, a sniper weapon system, a calculator and the requirement to
estimate the range to 10 targets of known size that will appear at varying distance from
200-1200 meters

STANDARDS:
Using the naked eye and weapon scope accurately estimate the range to all 10 targets
within 10% of the targets actual range

AGENDA:

1. Students assemble at the JD exercise area

2. Brief students the task conditions and standards of the exercise
3. Conduct JD exercise
4. Instructor feed back

EXECUTION:

PHASE 1:
Students assemble in the JD training area
Students are arranged in line as if on a firing line oriented in the direction of
training area.
Explain the aim and outline of the exercise

125
 PHASE 2A:
Students are given 20 minutes to estimate the range to 10 targets placed at
ranges between 200 and 1200 meters in the training area.

PHASE 2B (ALTERNATE TO PHASE 2A):

Instructor tells assistant to drive the vehicle with mounted E-type forward
Instructor directs the assistant by radio where to position the vehicle
Once vehicle is in position instructor tells students to estimate range with the
naked eye and record their distances on their grade sheets
At this time the instructor determines the actual range with the laser range finder
and records the distance to target one
After five minutes instructor tells the students to estimate range with their rifle
scopes and record their distance on their grade sheets
After five minutes the instructor tells assistant by radio to move the vehicle and
directs him to a different position.
Instructor gives students five minutes with the naked eye and five minutes with
the rifle scope and determines the actual distance with laser range finder before
moving the vehicle to a different position.
This process is repeated until the students have estimated range to 10 targets at
varying distances from 200 to 1200 meters

PHASE 3:
After students have estimated distance to the last target, the instructor collects all
grade sheets.
Instructor then reads the actual distances to the targets that he recorded with the
laser range finder.
Instructor gives feedback and coaches students who were not within plus or
minus 10% of the actual distances

REMARKS:
During the execution of the JD exercise, no talking is allowed.
At no time during the exercise are students permitted to look to the left or right.
Students must remain under observation of the cadre during the entire exercise
Students are not permitted to use anything other than the naked eye and rifle scope
Students who are caught cheating will fail the exercise.

SUMMARY:
This JD exercise will be conducted with no impact on the students overall grade. It will
serve as field training where they will apply everything taught in the classroom lessons
and receive coaching and instruction from the instructors while they are performing the
exercise. After this JD exercise the students will have a firm understanding of the
techniques required to estimate range to targets with precision and understand the
grading system and requirements to pass a graded JD exam

126
POI 4207 SNIPER WEAPON SETUP PRACTICAL EXERCISE

A. EXERCISE TITLE:
Sniper Weapon Setup PE

B. EXERCISE AIM:
To enable students to properly set up their sniper weapon system. Students will
mount their optics, bi-pods, lasers and other accessories to their sniper rifle, in
the proper position, according to their physical characteristics. Students will also
set the ocular focus of their daytime optic sight and practice a good prone
supported shooting position.

C. TERMINAL LEARNING OBJECTIVE:

ACTION:
Engage targets with precision fire.

CONDITIONS:
Given a Sniper Weapon System, all related sniper equipment, a field
environment, an observer, and the requirement to engage stationary, snap and
moving targets at known and unknown distances from 200 to 1200 meters

STANDARDS:
 90% first-round hits on stationary targets at ranges of 600 meters.
 50% first-round hits on stationary targets at ranges from 600 to 1200
meters.
 70% first-round hits on moving targets at ranges to 300 meters.
 70% first-round hits on snap targets at ranges to 400 meters.

D. TESTS:
Judging Distance Exams
Known Distance Sniper Marksmanship Exam
Snaps and Movers Sniper Marksmanship Exam
Unknown Distance Sniper Marksmanship Exam
Night Sniper Marksmanship Exam
Stress Test Exam
Sniper Mission Exam

TYPE:
Theoretical and Practical

E. TYPE OF INSTRUCTION:
Practical

F. AVAILABLE TIME:

127
 1.5 Hours

G. TRAINING AIDS:
None

H. INSTRUCTOR-to-STUDENT RATIO:
1:6

I. EQUIPMENT/MATERIALS TO BE ISSUED:
1 Sniper Weapon System per student

J. HANDOUTS FOR STUDENTS:

None

K. STUDENT PREPARATIONS:
None

L. STUDENT EQUIPMENT NEEDED:

1 Sniper Weapon System

M. PRE-REQUISITE LESSONS:
Sniper Weapon System

N. LESSON USED IN OTHER COURSES:

None

O. SAFETY CLEARANCE:
None

P. SAFETY PRECAUTIONS:
Range Safety Briefing

Q. REFERENCE:
POI SOTIC Course Nr. 8313
TC 18-32 Special Forces Sniper

ADMINISTRATIVE DATA

NECESSARY SUPPORT/EQUIPMENT:
1 Instructor Vehicles
4 Student Vehicles

HELPERS:
4 Helpers/Drivers (one to Guard the Range barrier, one for Ammo Handler, one Book
writer, one driver to pick up meals from mess hall)

128
TRAINING FACILITY:
N/A

TRAINING DAY PREPARATIONS:

PREPARATION BEFORE TRAINING:

Weapons are drawn from arms room

PREPARATIONS AT TRAINING AREA:

None

RANGE POC:
Range Control
Range Master

ANNEX/ATTACHMENTS:
None

PRESENTATION

ACTION:
Adjust sniper weapon system to fit individual shooter

CONDITIONS:
Given a classroom discussion on the proper assembly and disassembly methods and
cleaning techniques

STANDARDS:
Properly set length of pull, eye relief and mount weapon accessories in an ergonomic
location.

AGENDA:

1. Length of Pull
2. Mount Day Optic
3. Mount additional weapon accessories
4. Set Day Optic Ocular Focus
5. Bore Sight Weapon
6. Instructor feedback

EXECUTION:

PHASE 1:
Students assemble at the designated training area
Instructor explains the aim and outline of the exercise

129
 PHASE 2:
Students determine the proper length of pull and adjust the sniper rifle buttstock
accordingly.

PHASE 3:
Students mount the day optic sight to the sniper rifle at the correct distance to
provide proper eye relief.

PHASE 4:
Students mount accessories to the sniper rifle in a location which allows them to
be manipulated with least amount of movement. Accessories include, but are not
limited to: Lasers, infrared spot lights, quick reflex sights, and bi-pods.

PHASE 5:
Students aim the rifle at a featureless, bright backdrop and adjust the day optic
ocular focus.

PHASE 6:
Students will boresight the rifle and day optic sight at an object approximately
100 meters from their position.

PHASE 7:
All weapons are cleared and prepared for transport
Instructor feedback

REMARKS:
None

SUMMARY:
After completing the weapon setup PE students will have a firm understanding of the
major components of the sniper weapons system, their adjustment points and how to
properly assemble a sniper rifle for precision fire.

130
POI 4208 SIGHT ADJUSTMENT AND ZERO PRACTICAL EXERCISE

A. EXERCISE TITLE:
Sight Adjustment and Zero

B. EXERCISE AIM:
To zero the student’s sniper weapon system at 100 meters.

C. TERMINAL LEARNING OBJECTIVE:

ACTION:
Engage targets with precision fire.
CONDITIONS:
Given a Sniper Weapon System, all related sniper equipment, a field
environment, an observer, and the requirement to engage stationary, snap and
moving targets at known and unknown distances from 200 to 1200 meters
STANDARDS:
 90% first-round hits on stationary targets at ranges of 600 meters.
 50% first-round hits on stationary targets at ranges from 600 to 1200
meters.
 70% first-round hits on moving targets at ranges to 300 meters.
 70% first-round hits on snap targets at ranges to 400 meters.

D. EXERCISE TYPE:
Practical

E. AVAILABLE TIME:
3 Hours

F. TRAINING AIDS:
Zero Targets
Instructor spotting scopes

G. INSTRUCTOR-to-STUDENT RATIO:
1:4

H. EQUIPMENT/MATERIALS TO BE ISSUED:
1 Sniper Weapon System per student
1 Spotting Scope per student
1 Set of Binoculars per student
20 rounds of ammunition per student

I. HANDOUTS FOR STUDENTS:

None

131
J. STUDENT PREPARATIONS:
Data Book organized and prepared
Bipod or field expedient rifle support prepared
Telescopic sight fixed to rifle and bore sighted

K. STUDENT EQUIPMENT NEEDED:

1 Sniper Weapon System
1 Set of binoculars
1 spotting scope
Data Book

L. PRE-REQUISITE LESSONS:
Sniper Marksmanship Lesson, Sight Adjustment and Zero Lesson, Application of
Fire Lesson

M. LESSON USED IN OTHER COURSES:

None

N. SAFETY CLEARANCE:
None

O. SAFETY PRECAUTIONS:
Range Safety Briefing

P. REFERENCE:
POI SOTIC Course Nr. 8313
TC 18-32 Special Forces Sniper

ADMINISTRATIVE DATA

NECESSARY SUPPORT/EQUIPMENT:
2 Instructor Vehicles
4 Student Vehicles
1 Radio per Instructor
1 Radio for Range Safety Officer
1 Radio for Range Guard
1 Radio for the Telephone Safety Guard
2 Instructor Spotting Scopes
2 Instructor IR Spotting Scopes

HELPERS:
6 Assistant Instructors
4 Helpers/Drivers (one to Guard the Range barrier, one for Ammo Handler, one Book
writer, one driver to pick up meals from mess hall)

TRAINING FACILITY:

132
Known Distance Range

EXERCISE DAY PREPARATIONS:

PREPARATION BEFORE EXERCISE:

Weapons are drawn from arms room
Ammunition is picked up from bunker
Radios are charged
Range deployment box is prepared
1 Vehicle for instructors is prepositioned
4 Vehicles for students are prepositioned
Range Safety brief is prepared
Brief all instructors on duties, responsibilities and execution
Designate one instructor to run the galleries
Ensure targets and markers are prepositioned

PREPARATIONS AT EXERCISE AREA:

Set targets
Make contact with range control, receive hot time
Issue ammunition to students
Set up Instructor Spotting Scopes

RANGE POC:
Range Control
Range Master

ANNEX/ATTACHMENTS:
None

PRESENTATION

ACTION:
Zero sniper weapon system

CONDITIONS:
Given a Sniper Weapon System, all related sniper equipment, a field environment, an
observer, and the requirement to engage stationary targets at distances from 400 to
1200 meters
STANDARDS:
Zero sniper weapons system at 100 meters in under 20 rounds.

AGENDA:

1. Range safety brief

2. Brief students the task conditions and standards of the exercise
3. Zero Range

133
 4. Instructor feed back

EXECUTION:

PHASE 1:
Students assemble at the known distance range
Students receive safety briefing and prepare for exercise
Instructor explains the aim, outline and scoring procedures of the exercise

PHASE 2:
Zero sniper weapon system
 Sniper bore-sights rifle and day optic
 Sniper shoots one shoot to confirm he is on paper
 Observer gives sniper scope correction data based on impact
 Shooter fires 5 round group to confirm correction
 Observer gives additional correction if necessary
 Shooter fires 5 round group to confirm if necessary
 Shooter slips scope scales
 Shooter fires 5 round group to confirm zero.

PHASE 3:
Shooter and spotter change responsibilities
Second shooters zeros rifle in same manner outlined in phase 2

PHASE 4:
At end of the exercise all students are told to cease fire
All weapons are cleared and prepared for transport
All ammunition and brass is turned in
Range is cleaned and prepared for the next day’s training
Instructor feedback

REMARKS:
Students are authorized to use ballistic data sheets, ballistic computers and
anemometers.

SUMMARY:
The Sight Adjustment and Zero PE is designed to zero all student sniper weapon
systems in an efficient manner to maximize range training time on succeeding days.
This PE is the student’s first chance to employ the fundamentals of sniper
marksmanship and sniper dialogue.

134
POI 4209 SNIPER DIALOGUE PRACTICAL EXERCISE

A. EXERCISE TITLE:
Sniper Dialogue Practical Exercise

B. EXERCISE AIM:
The aim of this exercise is to assess the student’s ability to communicate with his
sniper partner in standard, concise and clear manner. This exercise should be
viewed as an exam by students.

C. TERMINAL LEARNING OBJECTIVE:

ACTION:
Engage targets with precision fire

CONDITIONS:
Given a Sniper Weapon System, all related sniper equipment, a field
environment, an observer, and the requirement to engage stationary and moving
targets at distances from 200 to 1200 meters

STANDARDS:
 90% first-round hits on stationary targets at ranges of 600 meters.
 50% first-round hits on stationary targets at ranges from 600 to 1200
meters.
 70% first-round hits on moving targets at ranges to 300 meters.
 70% first-round hits on snap targets at ranges to 400 meters.

D. TEST TYPE:
Practical

E. AVAILABLE TIME:
0.5 Hour

F. TRAINING AIDS:
1 E-Type silhouette
1 Laser Range Finder
1 Vehicle

G. INSTRUCTOR-to-STUDENT RATIO:
1:1

H. EQUIPMENT/MATERIALS TO BE ISSUED:
None

I. HANDOUTS FOR STUDENTS:

135
 None

J. STUDENT PREPARATIONS:
None

K. STUDENT EQUIPMENT NEEDED:

1 Spotting Scope
1 Sniper Weapon System per student
1 Set of binoculars
Data Book
Weather Station
Ballistic Computer

L. PRE-REQUISITE LESSONS:
Sniper Marksmanship, Sniper Dialogue, Application of Fire

M. LESSON USED IN OTHER COURSES:

None

N. SAFETY CLEARANCE:
None

O. SAFETY PRECAUTIONS:
None

P. REFERENCE:
POI SOTIC Course Nr. 8351
TC 18-32

ADMINISTRATIVE DATA

NECESSARY SUPPORT/EQUIPMENT:
1 Instructor Vehicle
4 Student Vehicles

HELPERS:
None

TRAINING FACILITY:
Training area with visibility out to 100 meters

EXERCISE DAY PREPARATIONS:

PREPARATION BEFORE EXERCISE:

Weapons are drawn from arms room
Ammunition is picked up from bunker

136
 Radios are charged
Range deployment box is prepared
1 Vehicle for instructors is prepositioned
4 Vehicles for students are prepositioned
Range Safety brief is prepared
Brief all instructors on duties, responsibilities and execution
Designate one instructor to run the galleries
Ensure target apparatuses are operational
Ensure targets and markers are prepositioned

PREPARATIONS AT THE EXERCISE AREA:

Emplace a target at a known distance
Make contact with range control, receive hot time
Issue ammunition to students

RANGE POC:
None

ANNEX/ATTACHMENTS:
None

PRESENTATION

ACTION:
Understand the techniques to achieve effective communication within a two man sniper
team

CONDITIONS:
Given a classroom discussion on sniper dialog and effective communication

STANDARDS:
Apply the techniques and develop effective sniper dialog within your sniper team

AGENDA:

5. Students assemble at the exercise area

6. Brief students the task conditions and standards of the exercise
7. Conduct Sniper Dialogue practical exercise
8. Instructor feed back

EXECUTION:

PHASE 1:
Students assemble in the holding area
Explain the aim and outline of the exercise

137
 PHASE 2:
The student will assume the role of the sniper team shoot and an instructor will
assume the role of the sniper team spotter. The team will engage a single target
using the proper sniper dialogue.

PHASE 3:
The student and instructor will change roles and engage another target using the
proper sniper dialogue.

PHASE 4:
At end of the training day all students are told to cease fire
All weapons are cleared and prepared for transport
All ammunition and brass is turned in
Range is cleaned and prepared for the next day’s training
Instructor feedback

REMARKS:
Students who are not able to communicate properly with an instructor sniper partner will
be retrained and tested again. Students who are unable to achieve proper
communications standards will be given a written counseling statement.

This is not a pass/fail event.

The proper sniper dialogue format is:

 Spotter – “Shooter, your target is _______”
 Shooter – “Target is __________”
 Spotter – “Check Parallax, Elevation __________, (Spin Drift), Point of Aim”
 Shooter – “Shooter Ready”
 Spotter – “Left/Right ________”
 Shooter -- fires

When directing the shooter to the target, the spotter will demonstrate his ability to use
concise, minimal verbiage utilizing one of the three target acquisition methods: direct
method, clock-ray method and/or reference-point method.

The spotter’s wind call is the shooters fire command. The spotter will continue to
update the wind call until the shooter fires.

If the spotter needs the shooter cease fire for any circumstance, he will issue the
command “stop.” Upon hearing the command “stop” the shooter will cease fire and
await further instructions.

SUMMARY:
After completing the sniper dialogue practical exercise the student will be able to
change sniper partners with minimal disruption to the sniper/spotter communications

138
process. The will have a clear understand of the communication process between
shooter and spotter.

139
POI 4210 KNOWN DISTANCE SNIPER MARKSMANSHIP TRAINING

A. TRAINING TITLE:
Known Distance Sniper Marksmanship Training

B. TRAINING AIM:
The aim of this training is to develop the student’s ability to apply all of the
fundamentals of Sniper marksmanship and the lessons learned on
meteorological conditions, reading trace, and application of fire when shooting at
stationary targets from the prone supported position with the aid of a telescopic
sight

C. TERMINAL LEARNING OBJECTIVE:

ACTION:
Engage targets with precision fire.

CONDITIONS:
Given a Sniper Weapon System, all related sniper equipment, a field
environment, an observer, and the requirement to engage stationary, snap and
moving targets at known and unknown distances from 200 to 1200 meters

STANDARDS:
 90% first-round hits on stationary targets at ranges of 600 meters.
 50% first-round hits on stationary targets at ranges from 600 to 1200
meters.
 70% first-round hits on moving targets at ranges to 300 meters.
 70% first-round hits on snap targets at ranges to 400 meters.

D. TESTS:
End of Course Written Exam
Known Distance Marksmanship Exam
Unknown Distance Marksmanship Exam
Snaps and Movers Marksmanship Exam
Stress Test Exam
Final Mission Exam

TYPE:
Theoretical and Practical

E. TYPE OF INSTRUCTION:
Practical

F. AVAILABLE TIME:
6 Range Days (23 Hours per student)

140
G. TRAINING AIDS:
30 Targets of known size
30 Target stands
2 Instructor Laser Range Finders
6 Instructor spotting scopes

H. INSTRUCTOR-to-STUDENT RATIO:
1:4

I. EQUIPMENT/MATERIALS TO BE ISSUED:
1 Sniper Weapon System per student
1 Spotting Scope per student
1 Set of Binoculars per student
100 rounds of ammunition per student per day

J. HANDOUTS FOR STUDENTS:

None

K. STUDENT PREPARATIONS:
Data Book organized and prepared to begin data collection
Bipod or field expedient rifle support prepared
Telescopic sight fixed to rifle and bore sighted

L. STUDENT EQUIPMENT NEEDED:

1 Calculator
1 Sniper Weapon System
1 Set of binoculars
1 spotting scope
Data Book

M. PRE-REQUISITE LESSONS:
Sniper Marksmanship Lesson, Application of Fire Lesson, Meteorological
Conditions Lesson, Advanced Rifle Marksmanship Training

N. LESSON USED IN OTHER COURSES:

None

O. SAFETY CLEARANCE:
None

P. SAFETY PRECAUTIONS:
Range Safety Briefing

Q. REFERENCE:
POI SOTIC Course Nr. 8313

141
 TC 18-32 Special Forces Sniper

ADMINISTRATIVE DATA

NECESSARY SUPPORT/EQUIPMENT:
2 Instructor Vehicles
4 Student Vehicles
1 Radio per Instructor
1 Radio for Range Safety Officer
1 Radio for Range Guard
1 Radio for the Telephone Safety Guard
6 Instructor Spotting Scopes

HELPERS:
6 Assistant Instructors
4 Helpers/Drivers (one to Guard the Range barrier, one for Ammo Handler, one Book
writer, one driver to pick up meals from mess hall)

TRAINING FACILITY:
Known Distance Range with Galleries

TRAINING DAY PREPARATIONS:

PREPARATION BEFORE TRAINING:

Weapons are drawn from arms room
Ammunition is picked up from bunker
Radios are charged
Range deployment box is prepared
1 Vehicle for instructors is prepositioned
4 Vehicles for students are prepositioned
Range Safety brief is prepared
Brief all instructors on duties, responsibilities and execution
Designate one instructor to run the galleries
Ensure target apparatuses are operational
Ensure targets and markers are prepositioned

PREPARATIONS AT TRAINING AREA:

Position 3 lanes of 10 target sets at ranges from 100 to 1200
Divide the students into 3 groups
Position gate guard
Make contact with range control, receive hot time
Issue ammunition to students
Set up Instructor Spotting Scopes

RANGE POC:
Range Control

142
 Range Master

ANNEX/ATTACHMENTS:
None

PRESENTATION

ACTION:
Engage targets with precision fire

CONDITIONS:
Given a Sniper Weapon System, all related sniper equipment, a field environment, an
observer, and the requirement to engage stationary targets at distances from 400 to
1200 meters

STANDARDS:
Zero the telescopic sight with no more than 20 rounds at 100 meters, stationary targets
with precision fire by applying the fundamentals of Sniper marksmanship and the
lessons learned on meteorological conditions, reading trace, and application of fire
 90% first-round hits on stationary targets at ranges of 600 meters.
 50% first-round hits on stationary targets at ranges from 600 to 1200
meters.

AGENDA:

7. Range safety brief

8. Zero telescopic sights
9. Cold bore shot
10. Snaps and movers marksmanship training
11. Instructor feedback

EXECUTION:

PHASE 1:
Students assemble at the known distance range
Draw ammunition
Instructor explains the aim and outline of the exercise

PHASE 2:
On day one students will zero the telescopic sights of their weapons with no more
than 20 rounds.
On subsequent days of training students will begin training by firing one cold bore
shot and spotter records the data.

PHASE 3:

143
 Students will then begin to conduct a series of sniper marksmanship drills on one
group of 10 targets, recording the data from each drill. Throughout the course of
four training days students will work their way through these drills as many times
as time and weather permit.

 Drill A: Engage 10 known distance targets at ranges from 100 to 1200 meters,
in 100 meter increments, with no time limit
 Drill B: Engage 10 known distance targets at ranges from 400 to 1200 meters
with no time limit.
 Drill C: Engage 10 known distance targets at ranges from 400 to 1200 with a
5 minute time limit.

PHASE 4:
Students will change shooter and spotter responsibilities after shooting a 10
target group.

A third of the way through the day, students will rotate through the 3 target
groups. For example, Group A will move from target set 1 to target set 2, Group
B will move from target set 2 to target set 3, and Group C will move from target
set 3 to target set 1. This rotation will take place a minimum of three times per
day; students will have the opportunity to engage 30 separate targets in a single
day.

PHASE 5:
At end of the training day all students are told to cease fire
All weapons are cleared and prepared for transport
All ammunition and brass is turned in
Range is cleaned and prepared for the next day’s training
Instructor feedback

REMARKS:
The sniper marksmanship phase will be conducted for 6 training days. Each group will
have 23 hours of shooting time over a 6 day period.

SUMMARY:
The sniper marksmanship phase is designed to hone the student’s skills in reading
wind, taking into consideration environmental factors, applying the proper formula to
achieve first round hits in wind, observing the trace of bullets and making the proper
correction if a shot is a miss. This phase re-enforces proper communication or sniper
dialog between shooter and spotter. During this phase the instructors direct their
coaching to sniper marksmanship, sniper dialogue, reading trace and second shot
corrections.

144
POI 4211 SNAPS AND MOVERS SNIPER MARKSMANSHIP TRAINING

A. TRAINING TITLE:
Snaps and Movers Sniper Marksmanship Training

B. TRAINING AIM:
The aim of this training is to develop the student’s ability to apply all of the
fundamentals of Sniper marksmanship and the lessons learned on
meteorological conditions, reading trace, and application of fire when shooting
snap and mover targets from the prone supported position with the aid of a
telescopic sight

C. TERMINAL LEARNING OBJECTIVE:

ACTION:
Engage targets with precision fire.

CONDITIONS:
Given a Sniper Weapon System, all related sniper equipment, a field
environment, an observer, and the requirement to engage stationary, snap and
moving targets at known and unknown distances from 200 to 1200 meters

STANDARDS:
 90% first-round hits on stationary targets at ranges of 600 meters.
 50% first-round hits on stationary targets at ranges from 600 to 1200
meters.
 70% first-round hits on moving targets at ranges to 300 meters.
 70% first-round hits on snap targets at ranges to 400 meters.

D. TESTS:
End of Course Written Exam
Snaps and Movers Marksmanship Exam
Final Mission Exam

TYPE:
Theoretical and Practical

E. TYPE OF INSTRUCTION:
Practical

F. AVAILABLE TIME:
4 Range Days (17.5 Hours per student)

G. TRAINING AIDS:
20 ten ring bulls eye targets

145
 5 Target apparatuses
FBI targets on 3 meter poles
E-type targets cut to 22 CM width on 3 meter poles
Black and white pasties
50 small marking discs
50 medium marking discs
50 large marking discs
3 Instructor spotting scopes

H. INSTRUCTOR-to-STUDENT RATIO:
1:4

I. EQUIPMENT/MATERIALS TO BE ISSUED:
1 Sniper Weapon System per student
1 Spotting Scope per student
1 Set of Binoculars per student
100 rounds of ammunition per student per day

J. HANDOUTS FOR STUDENTS:

None

K. STUDENT PREPARATIONS:
Data Book organized and prepared to begin data collection
Bipod or field expedient rifle support prepared
Telescopic sight fixed to rifle and bore sighted

L. STUDENT EQUIPMENT NEEDED:

1 Calculator
1 Sniper Weapon System
1 Set of binoculars
1 spotting scope
Data Book

M. PRE-REQUISITE LESSONS:
Sniper Marksmanship Lesson, Application of Fire Lesson, Meteorological
Conditions Lesson, Advanced Rifle Marksmanship Training

N. LESSON USED IN OTHER COURSES:

None

O. SAFETY CLEARANCE:
None

P. SAFETY PRECAUTIONS:
Range Safety Briefing

146
Q. REFERENCE:
POI SOTIC Course Nr. 8313
TC 18-32 Special Forces Sniper

ADMINISTRATIVE DATA

NECESSARY SUPPORT/EQUIPMENT:
2 Instructor Vehicles
4 Student Vehicles
1 Radio per Instructor
1 Radio for Range Safety Officer
1 Radio for Range Guard
1 Radio for the Telephone Safety Guard
3 Instructor Spotting Scopes

HELPERS:
6 Assistant Instructors
4 Helpers/Drivers (one to Guard the Range barrier, one for Ammo Handler, one Book
writer, one driver to pick up meals from mess hall)

TRAINING FACILITY:
Known Distance Range with Galleries

TRAINING DAY PREPARATIONS:

PREPARATION BEFORE TRAINING:

Weapons are drawn from arms room
Ammunition is picked up from bunker
Radios are charged
Range deployment box is prepared
1 Vehicle for instructors is prepositioned
4 Vehicles for students are prepositioned
Range Safety brief is prepared
Brief all instructors on duties, responsibilities and execution
Designate one instructor to run the galleries
Ensure target apparatuses are operational
Ensure targets and markers are prepositioned

PREPARATIONS AT TRAINING AREA:

Divide class into two equal groups
Group A positions online at the 100 meter line
Group B moves to the target galleries
Position gate guard
Make contact with range control, receive hot time
Issue ammunition to students
Set up Instructor Spotting Scopes

147
 RANGE POC:
Range Control
Range Master

ANNEX/ATTACHMENTS:
None

PRESENTATION

ACTION:
Engage targets with precision fire

CONDITIONS:
Given a Sniper Weapon System with telescopic sight, all related sniper equipment, a
known distance range, a trained observer, and the requirement to engage moving and
snap targets at distances from 200 to 500 meters from the prone supported position

STANDARDS:
Zero the telescopic sight with no more than 20 rounds at 100 meters, engage moving
targets and timed snap targets with precision fire by applying the fundamentals of
Sniper marksmanship and the lessons learned on meteorological conditions, reading
trace, and application of fire

AGENDA:

12. Range safety brief

13. Zero telescopic sights
14. Cold bore shot
15. Snaps and movers marksmanship training
16. Instructor feedback

EXECUTION:

PHASE 1:
Students assemble at the known distance range
Students are divided into two groups
Group A draws ammunition and moves to the 100 meter firing line
Students are arranged in line with their sniper partner
Group B moves to the target galleries to operate and mark targets
Both Groups receive safety briefing and prepare for training
Instructor explains the aim and outline of the exercise

PHASE 2:
On day one Group A zeros the telescopic sights of their weapons with no more
than 20 rounds.

148
 On subsequent days of training students will begin training at the 200 meter line
by firing one cold bore shot and spotter records the data.

PHASE 3:
Group A will then begin to conduct a series of sniper marksmanship drills,
recording the data from each drill. Throughout the course of four training days
students will work their way through these drills as many times as time and
weather permit.

 Drill A: Engage 5 snap targets, 5 seconds each, 200 meters (head only)
 Drill B: Engage 5 moving targets at 200 meters (22 CM wide Target)
 Drill C: Engage 5 snap targets, 5 seconds each, at 300 meters (head only)
 Drill D: Engage 5 moving targets at 300 meters (22 CM wide Target)
 Drill E: Engage 5 snap targets, 5 seconds each at 400 meters (elbows and
up, no arms)
 Drill F: Engage 5 moving targets at 400 meters (22 CM wide Target)
 Drill G: Engage 5 snap targets, 5 seconds each at 500 meters (bottom of
bowling pin and up, no arms)
 Drill H: Engage 5 moving targets, at 500 meters (22 CM wide Target)

PHASE 4:
Half way through the day groups A and B will switch. Group B will draw
ammunition and move to the 100 meter line and group A will move into the
galleries to operate targets. Phases 1, 2 and 3 are then repeated for group B

PHASE 5:
At end of the training day all students are told to cease fire
All weapons are cleared and prepared for transport
All ammunition and brass is turned in
Range is cleaned and prepared for the next day’s training
Instructor feedback

REMARKS:
The sniper marksmanship phase will be conducted for 3 training days and one night but
students will spend half of that time in the galleries operating the target apparatuses and
marking the targets for the group on the firing line. Each group will have 17.5 hours of
shooting time over a 6 day period.

SUMMARY:
The sniper marksmanship phase is designed to hone the student’s skills in reading
wind, taking into consideration environmental factors, applying the proper formula to
achieve first round hits in wind, observing the trace of bullets and making the proper
correction if a shot is a miss. This phase also hones the skills necessary for hitting
moving targets and the communication or sniper dialog between shooter and spotter.
During this phase the instructors direct their coaching to these necessary formulas and

149
techniques and identify and correct any weaknesses a student may have in applying
these formulas and techniques.

150
POI 4212 UNKNOWN DISTANCE SNIPER MARKSMANSHIP TRAINING

A. TRAINING TITLE:
Unknown Distance Sniper Marksmanship Training

B. TRAINING AIM:
The aim of this training is to develop the student’s ability to apply all of the
fundamentals of Sniper marksmanship and the lessons learned on
meteorological conditions, reading trace, and application of fire when shooting at
unknown distance targets of a known size from the prone supported position with
the aid of a telescopic sight

C. TERMINAL LEARNING OBJECTIVE:

ACTION:
Engage targets with precision fire.

CONDITIONS:
Given a Sniper Weapon System, all related sniper equipment, a field
environment, an observer, and the requirement to engage stationary, snap and
moving targets at known and unknown distances from 200 to 1200 meters

STANDARDS:
 90% first-round hits on stationary targets at ranges of 600 meters.
 50% first-round hits on stationary targets at ranges from 600 to 1200
meters.
 70% first-round hits on moving targets at ranges to 300 meters.
 70% first-round hits on snap targets at ranges to 400 meters.

D. TESTS:
End of Course Written Exam
Unknown Distance Marksmanship Exam
Stress Test Exam
Final Mission Exam

TYPE:
Theoretical and Practical

E. TYPE OF INSTRUCTION:
Practical

F. AVAILABLE TIME:
4 Range Days (18 Hours per student)

G. TRAINING AIDS:

151
 30 Targets of known size
30 Target stands
2 Instructor Laser Range Finders
6 Instructor spotting scopes

H. INSTRUCTOR-to-STUDENT RATIO:
1:4

I. EQUIPMENT/MATERIALS TO BE ISSUED:
1 Sniper Weapon System per student
1 Spotting Scope per student
1 Set of Binoculars per student
100 rounds of ammunition per student per day

J. HANDOUTS FOR STUDENTS:

None

K. STUDENT PREPARATIONS:
Data Book organized and prepared to begin data collection
Bipod or field expedient rifle support prepared
Telescopic sight fixed to rifle and bore sighted

L. STUDENT EQUIPMENT NEEDED:

1 Calculator
1 Sniper Weapon System
1 Set of binoculars
1 spotting scope
Data Book

M. PRE-REQUISITE LESSONS:
Sniper Marksmanship Lesson, Application of Fire Lesson, Meteorological
Conditions Lesson, Advanced Rifle Marksmanship Training

N. LESSON USED IN OTHER COURSES:

None

O. SAFETY CLEARANCE:
None

P. SAFETY PRECAUTIONS:
Range Safety Briefing

Q. REFERENCE:
POI SOTIC Course Nr. 8313
TC 18-32 Special Forces Sniper

152
ADMINISTRATIVE DATA

NECESSARY SUPPORT/EQUIPMENT:
2 Instructor Vehicles
4 Student Vehicles
1 Radio per Instructor
1 Radio for Range Safety Officer
1 Radio for Range Guard
1 Radio for the Telephone Safety Guard
3 Instructor Spotting Scopes

HELPERS:
6 Assistant Instructors
4 Helpers/Drivers (one to Guard the Range barrier, one for Ammo Handler, one Book
writer, one driver to pick up meals from mess hall)

TRAINING FACILITY:
Unknown Distance Range, 1200 meters

TRAINING DAY PREPARATIONS:

PREPARATION BEFORE TRAINING:

Weapons are drawn from arms room
Ammunition is picked up from bunker
Radios are charged
Range deployment box is prepared
1 Vehicle for instructors is prepositioned
4 Vehicles for students are prepositioned
Range Safety brief is prepared
Brief all instructors on duties, responsibilities and execution
Ensure targets and markers are prepositioned

PREPARATIONS AT TRAINING AREA:

Position 3 lanes of 10 target sets at ranges from 100 to 1200
Divide the students into 3 groups
Position gate guard
Make contact with range control, receive hot time
Issue ammunition to students
Set up Instructor Spotting Scopes

RANGE POC:
Range Control
Range Master

ANNEX/ATTACHMENTS:
None

153
PRESENTATION

ACTION:
Engage targets with precision fire

CONDITIONS:
Given a Sniper Weapon System, all related sniper equipment, a field environment, a
trained observer, and the requirement to engage stationary targets at distances from
400 to 1200 meters

STANDARDS:
Engage targets with precision fire:
 Estimate range with 10 percent margin of error
 90% first-round hits on stationary targets at ranges of 600 meters.
 50% first-round hits on stationary targets at ranges from 600 to 1200 meters

AGENDA:

17. Range safety brief

18. Zero telescopic sights
19. Cold bore shot
20. Snaps and movers marksmanship training
21. Instructor feedback

EXECUTION:

PHASE 1:
Students assemble at the known distance range
Draw ammunition
Instructor explains the aim and outline of the exercise

PHASE 2:
On day one students will zero the telescopic sights of their weapons with no more
than 20 rounds.
On subsequent days of training students will begin training by firing one cold bore
shot and spotter records the data.

PHASE 3:
Students will then begin to conduct a series of sniper marksmanship drills on one
group of 10 targets, recording the data from each drill. Throughout the course of
four training days students will work their way through these drills as many times
as time and weather permit.

 Drill A: Engage 10 unknown distance targets at ranges from 100 to 1200

meters, in 100 meter increments, with no time limit

154
  Drill B: Engage 10 unknown distance targets at ranges from 400 to 1200
meters with no time limit.
 Drill C: Engage 10 unknown distance targets at ranges from 400 to 1200 with
an 8 minute time limit.

PHASE 4:
Students will change shooter and spotter responsibilities after shooting a 10
target group.

A third of the way through the day, students will rotate through the 3 target
groups. For example, Group A will move from target set 1 to target set 2, Group
B will move from target set 2 to target set 3, and Group C will move from target
set 3 to target set 1. Rotation will take place a minimum of three times per day;
students will have the opportunity to engage 30 separate targets in a single day.

PHASE 5:
At end of the training day all students are told to cease fire
All weapons are cleared and prepared for transport
All ammunition and brass is turned in
Range is cleaned and prepared for the next day’s training
Instructor feedback

REMARKS:
The sniper marksmanship phase will be conducted for 4 training days. Each group will
have 18 hours of shooting time over a 6 day period.

SUMMARY:
The sniper marksmanship phase is designed to hone the student’s skills in estimating
range, reading wind, taking into consideration environmental factors, applying the
proper formula to achieve first round hits in wind, observing the trace of bullets and
making the proper correction if a shot is a miss. This phase re-enforces proper range
estimation techniques, communication or sniper dialog between shooter and spotter.
During this phase the instructors direct their coaching to sniper marksmanship, sniper
dialogue, reading trace and second shot corrections.

155
POI 4213 SELECTIVE TARGET ENGAGEMENT PRACTICAL EXERCISE

A. EXERCISE TITLE:
Selective Target Engagement Practical Exercise

B. EXERCISE AIM:
The aim of this training is to teach students how to engage a single target among
a variety in a given amount of time.

C. TERMINAL LEARNING OBJECTIVE:

TLO #3:
Observe a target area

TLO #4:
Engage targets with precision fire

D. TESTS:
Written Exam
Stress Test Exam
Final mission exam

TYPE:
Practical

E. TYPE OF INSTRUCTION:
Practical

F. AVAILABLE TIME:
1 Range Days (2 Hours per student)

G. TRAINING AIDS:
30 Targets
30 Target Stands
Paper targets
Distinguishable Paper Targets
Distinguishable Target Indicators
4 Instructor spotting scopes

H. INSTRUCTOR-to-STUDENT RATIO:
1:6

I. EQUIPMENT/MATERIALS TO BE ISSUED:
1 Sniper Weapon System per student
1 Spotting Scope per student
1 Set of Binoculars per student

156
 50 rounds of ammunition per student

J. HANDOUTS FOR STUDENTS:

None

K. STUDENT PREPARATIONS:
Data Book organized and prepared to begin data collection
Bipod or field expedient rifle support prepared
Telescopic sight fixed to rifle and bore sighted

L. STUDENT EQUIPMENT NEEDED:

1 Sniper Weapon System
1 Set of binoculars
1 spotting scope
Data Book

M. PRE-REQUISITE LESSONS:
Sniper Marksmanship Lesson, Application of Fire Lesson, Meteorological
Conditions Lesson, Alternate Position Practice

N. LESSON USED IN OTHER COURSES:

None

O. SAFETY CLEARANCE:
None

P. SAFETY PRECAUTIONS:
Range Safety Briefing

Q. REFERENCE:
N/A

ADMINISTRATIVE DATA

NECESSARY SUPPORT/EQUIPMENT:
1 Instructor Vehicles
4 Student Vehicles
1 Radio per Instructor
1 Radio for Range Safety Officer
1 Radio for Range Guard
1 Radio for the Telephone Safety Guard
3 Instructor Spotting Scopes

HELPERS:
Assistant Instructors

157
4 Helpers/Drivers (one to Guard the Range barrier, one for Ammo Handler, one Book
writer, one driver to pick up meals from mess hall)

TRAINING FACILITY:
Known/ Unknown Distance Range

TRAINING DAY PREPARATIONS:

PREPARATION BEFORE TRAINING:

Weapons are drawn from arms room
Ammunition is picked up from bunker
Radios are charged
Range deployment box is prepared
1 Vehicle for instructors is prepositioned
4 Vehicles for students are prepositioned
Range Safety brief is prepared
Brief all instructors on duties, responsibilities and execution
Ensure target apparatuses are operational
Ensure targets and markers are prepositioned

PREPARATIONS AT TRAINING AREA:

Position 30 targets, in groups of 3 to 5, at various ranges from 100 to 800 meters
Position barricades and alternate shooting position material
Position gate guard
Make contact with range control, receive hot time
Issue ammunition to students
Set up Instructor Spotting Scopes

RANGE POC:
Range Control
Range Master

ANNEX/ATTACHMENTS:
None

PRESENTATION

ACTION:
Engage targets with precision fire

CONDITIONS:
Given a Sniper Weapon System, all related sniper equipment, a field environment, an
observer, and the requirement to positively identify and engage stationary targets at
distances from 100 to 800 meters

STANDARDS:

158
Engage the correct target under the specified time limit

AGENDA:

22. Range safety brief

23. Selective Target Engagement PE
24. Instructor feedback

EXECUTION:

PHASE 1:
Students assemble at meter line of the range
Draw ammunition
Instructor explains the aim and outline of the exercise

PHASE 2:
Students will engage a target identified by a picture; colour; number or symbol
among other targets as ordered by the instructor.

PHASE 3:
Students will rotate through the firing stations until all students have shot from all
stations.

PHASE 4:
At end of the training all students are told to cease fire
All weapons are cleared and prepared for transport
All ammunition and brass is turned in
Range is cleaned and prepared for the next day’s training
Instructor feedback

REMARKS:
If possible, students will shoot at reactive or steel targets.

Shooters may receive help and coaching from instructors during the event.

The event will include different exercises to increase training value.

SUMMARY:
The Selective Target Engagement exercise is designed to introduce students to
shooting at High Value Targets

159
POI 4214 HOLD OVER AND UNDER PRACTICAL EXERCISE

A. EXERCISE TITLE:
Hold over and Under Practical Exercise

B. EXERCISE AIM:
The aim of this training is to develop the student’s ability to apply all of the
fundamentals of Sniper marksmanship while shooting at stationary targets from
multiple supported and unsupported positions with the aid of a telescopic sight
under stressful conditions

C. TERMINAL LEARNING OBJECTIVE:

ACTION:
Engage targets with precision fire.

CONDITIONS:
Given a Sniper Weapon System, all related sniper equipment, a field
environment, an observer, and the requirement to engage stationary, snap and
moving targets at known and unknown distances from 200 to 1200 meters

STANDARDS:
 90% first-round hits on stationary targets at ranges of 600 meters.
 50% first-round hits on stationary targets at ranges from 600 to 1200
meters.
 70% first-round hits on moving targets at ranges to 300 meters.
 70% first-round hits on snap targets at ranges to 400 meters.

D. TESTS:
Written Exam

TYPE:
Theoretical and Practical

E. TYPE OF INSTRUCTION:
Practical

F. AVAILABLE TIME:
1 Range Days (2 Hours per student)

G. TRAINING AIDS:
20 Targets
20 Target Stands
Barricades
Alternate rifle support material

160
H. INSTRUCTOR-to-STUDENT RATIO:
1:6

I. EQUIPMENT/MATERIALS TO BE ISSUED:
1 Sniper Weapon System per student
1 Spotting Scope per student
1 Set of Binoculars per student
100 rounds of ammunition per student

J. HANDOUTS FOR STUDENTS:

None

K. STUDENT PREPARATIONS:
Data Book organized and prepared to begin data collection
Bipod or field expedient rifle support prepared
Telescopic sight fixed to rifle and bore sighted

L. STUDENT EQUIPMENT NEEDED:

1 Sniper Weapon System
1 Set of binoculars
1 spotting scope
Data Book

M. PRE-REQUISITE LESSONS:
Sniper Marksmanship Lesson, Application of Fire Lesson, Meteorological
Conditions Lesson, Application of Fire 2

N. LESSON USED IN OTHER COURSES:

None

O. SAFETY CLEARANCE:
None

P. SAFETY PRECAUTIONS:
Range Safety Briefing

Q. REFERENCE:
POI SOTIC Course Nr. 8313
TC 18-32 Special Forces Sniper

ADMINISTRATIVE DATA

NECESSARY SUPPORT/EQUIPMENT:
2 Instructor Vehicles
4 Student Vehicles

161
1 Radio per Instructor
1 Radio for Range Safety Officer
1 Radio for Range Guard
1 Radio for the Telephone Safety Guard
3 Instructor Spotting Scopes

HELPERS:
6 Assistant Instructors
4 Helpers/Drivers (one to Guard the Range barrier, one for Ammo Handler, one Book
writer, one driver to pick up meals from mess hall)

TRAINING FACILITY:
Known Distance Range

TRAINING DAY PREPARATIONS:

PREPARATION BEFORE TRAINING:

Weapons are drawn from arms room
Ammunition is picked up from bunker
Radios are charged
Range deployment box is prepared
1 Vehicle for instructors is prepositioned
4 Vehicles for students are prepositioned
Range Safety brief is prepared
Brief all instructors on duties, responsibilities and execution
Ensure target apparatuses are operational
Ensure targets and markers are prepositioned

PREPARATIONS AT TRAINING AREA:

Position 20 targets at various ranges from 100 to 800 meters
Position gate guard
Make contact with range control, receive hot time
Issue ammunition to students
Set up Instructor Spotting Scopes

RANGE POC:
Range Control
Range Master

ANNEX/ATTACHMENTS:
None

PRESENTATION

ACTION:
Engage targets with precision fire

162
CONDITIONS:
Given a Sniper Weapon System, all related sniper equipment, a field environment, an
observer, and the requirement to engage stationary targets at distances from 400 to
1200 meters from shooting positions other than prone supported.

STANDARDS:
 90% first-round hits on stationary targets at ranges of 600 meters.
 50% first-round hits on stationary targets at ranges from 600 to 1200 meters.
 70% first-round hits on moving targets at ranges to 300 meters.
 70% first-round hits on snap targets at ranges to 400 meters.

AGENDA:

25. Range safety brief

26. Hold Over & Hold Under Calculation
27. Hold over and hold under PE
28. Instructor feedback

EXECUTION:

PHASE 1:
Students assemble at meter line of the known distance range
Draw ammunition
Instructor explains the aim and outline of the exercise

PHASE 2:
Apply Mil Relation Formula to known SWS elevation data IOT calculate hold over
and hold under data for battle sight zeros at 250, 300 and 500 meters.

PHASE 3:
Students will apply battle sight zero elevation data and engage targets at various
ranges utilizing hold over and hold under data calculated in Phase 2.

PHASE 5:
At end of the training all students are told to cease fire
All weapons are cleared and prepared for transport
All ammunition and brass is turned in
Range is cleaned and prepared for the next day’s training
Instructor feedback

REMARKS:
The practical exercise is for familiarization of utilizing battle sight zero data for rapid
target engagement.

163
If possible, students will shoot at reactive or steel targets.

Shooters may receive help and coaching from instructors during the event.

The event will be repeated as time allows.

SUMMARY:
This exercise is a non-scored event designed help students understand the practical
application of Battle Sight Zeros and Hold Over/Under data.

164
POI 4215 INTRODUCTION TO PHOTOGRAPHY PRACTICAL EXERCISE

A. EXERCISE TITLE:
Introduction to Photography Practical Exercise

B. EXERCISE AIM:
The aim of this class is to introduce the students to the capabilities of modern
Digital Single Lens Reflex (DSLR) cameras and lenses and the procedures used
to capture quality photographs of intelligence value in varying light conditions and
tactical settings.

C. TERMINAL LEARNING OBJECTIVE:

ACTION:
Observe a target area

CONDITIONS:
Given a Sniper Weapon System, all related sniper equipment, a field
environment, a trained observer, and the requirement to observe a target area
and report all pertinent intelligence

STANDARDS:
Observe the target area and report all information of intelligence value

D. TYPE OF EXERCISE:
Practical

E. AVAILABLE TIME:
2 Hours

F. TRAINING AIDS:
Moving target
Dummy target for PID
Building with access at night

G. INSTRUCTOR-to-STUDENT RATIO:
1:24

H. EQUIPMENT/MATERIALS TO BE ISSUED:
None

I. HANDOUTS FOR STUDENTS:

Class Handout

J. STUDENT PREPARATIONS:
Students need to assembly on the exercise area

165
K. STUDENT EQUIPMENT NEEDED:
DSLR Camera
Telephoto Lens
Tripod
Camera Remote

L. PRE-REQUISITE LESSONS:
Introduction to Photography

M. LESSON USED IN OTHER COURSES:

None

N. SAFETY CLEARANCE:
None

O. SAFETY PRECAUTIONS:
None

P. REFERENCE:
TC 18-32 Special Forces Sniper
Special Intelligence Sergeant Course Photography Summary Sheets

ADMINISTRATIVE DATA

NECESSARY SUPPORT/EQUIPMENT:
1 Instructor Vehicle
4 Student Vehicles

HELPERS:
4 Vehicle Drivers

TRAINING FACILITY:
Designated training area

TRAINING DAY PREPARATIONS:

PREPARATION BEFORE TRAINING:

Training area requested
Instructors have been briefed on responsibilities

1 Vehicle for instructors is prepositioned

4 Vehicles for students are prepositioned

PREPARATIONS AT TRAINING AREA:

Set up PID Dummy Target

166
 Prepare moving target lane

RANGE POC:
Range Control

ANNEX/ATTACHMENTS:
None

EXERCISE

ACTION:
Determine the proper camera settings to capture clear photographs of intelligence value
in low light conditions, through obstacles, of moving targets and of personal
identification (PID) quality.

CONDITIONS:
Given an overview of image capturing techniques, a DSLR camera and telephoto lens.

STANDARDS:
Capture clear, high quality photos of:
 A building at night
 A vehicle moving at 50 KPH
 Facial recognition at 200 meters

AGENDA:

15. Students assemble at designated area

16. Brief students the task, conditions and standards of the exercise
17. Students conduct Photo PE
18. Instructor feed back

EXECUTION:

PHASE 1:
Students assemble in the at the designated area
Students are given a brief detailing the exercise

PHASE 2:
Working in teams, the students the students use the props provided to take
photos of:
o A building at night
o A vehicle moving at 50 kph
o Facial recognition at 200 meters

PHASE 3:
Instructor Feedback

167
REMARKS:
An instructor will provide the moving target for students by driving a vehicle on a
designated route.

A 3 dimensional target or a target with a life size photograph may be used for the facial
recognition photograph.

Students may not have the opportunity to shoot a night shot on the designated range.
This photo can be taken later, near the barracks on a building designated by the lead
instructor.

This is not meant to be a tactical exercise. Students should use the time to become
familiar with the camera system.

SUMMARY:
This PE is designed to give students confidence in the DSLR camera’s ability to provide
detailed, quality photos under various conditions. After completing this PE student’s
should a basic understanding of photography be able to take photographs of
intelligence value.

168
POI 4216 POSITION SHOOT PRACTICAL EXERCISE 1

A. EXERCISE TITLE:
Position Shoot Practical Exercise

B. EXERCISE AIM:
The aim of this training is to develop the student’s ability to apply all of the
fundamentals of Sniper marksmanship while shooting at stationary targets from
multiple supported and unsupported positions with the aid of a telescopic sight
under stressful conditions

C. TERMINAL LEARNING OBJECTIVE:

ACTION:
Engage targets with precision fire.

CONDITIONS:
Given a Sniper Weapon System, all related sniper equipment, a field
environment, an observer, and the requirement to engage stationary, snap and
moving targets at known and unknown distances from 200 to 1200 meters

STANDARDS:
 90% first-round hits on stationary targets at ranges of 600 meters.
 50% first-round hits on stationary targets at ranges from 600 to 1200
meters.
 70% first-round hits on moving targets at ranges to 300 meters.
 70% first-round hits on snap targets at ranges to 400 meters.

D. TESTS:
Stress Test Exam

TYPE:
Theoretical and Practical

E. TYPE OF INSTRUCTION:
Practical

F. AVAILABLE TIME:
2 Range Days (4 Hours per student)

G. TRAINING AIDS:
30 Targets
30 Target Stands
Barricades
Alternate rifle support material

169
 4 Instructor spotting scopes

H. INSTRUCTOR-to-STUDENT RATIO:
1:6

I. EQUIPMENT/MATERIALS TO BE ISSUED:
1 Sniper Weapon System per student
1 Spotting Scope per student
1 Set of Binoculars per student
100 rounds of ammunition per student

J. HANDOUTS FOR STUDENTS:

None

K. STUDENT PREPARATIONS:
Data Book organized and prepared to begin data collection
Bipod or field expedient rifle support prepared
Telescopic sight fixed to rifle and bore sighted

L. STUDENT EQUIPMENT NEEDED:

1 Sniper Weapon System
1 Set of binoculars
1 spotting scope
Data Book

M. PRE-REQUISITE LESSONS:
Sniper Marksmanship Lesson, Application of Fire Lesson, Meteorological
Conditions Lesson

N. LESSON USED IN OTHER COURSES:

None

O. SAFETY CLEARANCE:
None

P. SAFETY PRECAUTIONS:
Range Safety Briefing

Q. REFERENCE:
POI SOTIC Course Nr. 8313
TC 18-32 Special Forces Sniper

ADMINISTRATIVE DATA

NECESSARY SUPPORT/EQUIPMENT:
2 Instructor Vehicles

170
4 Student Vehicles
1 Radio per Instructor
1 Radio for Range Safety Officer
1 Radio for Range Guard
1 Radio for the Telephone Safety Guard
3 Instructor Spotting Scopes

HELPERS:
6 Assistant Instructors
4 Helpers/Drivers (one to Guard the Range barrier, one for Ammo Handler, one Book
writer, one driver to pick up meals from mess hall)

TRAINING FACILITY:
Known Distance Range

TRAINING DAY PREPARATIONS:

PREPARATION BEFORE TRAINING:

Weapons are drawn from arms room
Ammunition is picked up from bunker
Radios are charged
Range deployment box is prepared
1 Vehicle for instructors is prepositioned
4 Vehicles for students are prepositioned
Range Safety brief is prepared
Brief all instructors on duties, responsibilities and execution
Ensure target apparatuses are operational
Ensure targets and markers are prepositioned

PREPARATIONS AT TRAINING AREA:

Position 30 targets at various ranges from 200 to 800 meters
Position barricades and alternate shooting position materail
Position gate guard
Make contact with range control, receive hot time
Issue ammunition to students
Set up Instructor Spotting Scopes

RANGE POC:
Range Control
Range Master

ANNEX/ATTACHMENTS:
None

PRESENTATION

171
ACTION:
Engage targets with precision fire

CONDITIONS:
Given a Sniper Weapon System, all related sniper equipment, a field environment, an
observer, and the requirement to engage stationary targets at distances from 400 to
1200 meters from shooting positions other than prone supported.

STANDARDS:
 90% first-round hits on stationary targets at ranges of 600 meters.
 50% first-round hits on stationary targets at ranges from 600 to 1200 meters.
 70% first-round hits on moving targets at ranges to 300 meters.
 70% first-round hits on snap targets at ranges to 400 meters.

AGENDA:

29. Range safety brief

30. Cold bore shot
31. Position Shoot PE
32. Instructor feedback

EXECUTION:

PHASE 1:
Students assemble at meter line of the known distance range
Draw ammunition
Instructor explains the aim and outline of the exercise

PHASE 2:
Conduct Position Shoot PE: students will rotate through a series of shooting
stations in which they are forced to shoot and spot from positions other than
prone supported. The number of positions available will be determined by the
range facility. At a minimum, students will shoot from the following positions:
1. Standing supported
2. Kneeling supported
3. Sitting supported
4. Sitting unsupported

PHASE 3:
Students will change shooter and spotter responsibilities at their current shooting
station.

PHASE 4:
Students will rotate through the firing stations until all students have shot from all
stations.

172
 PHASE 5:
At end of the training all students are told to cease fire
All weapons are cleared and prepared for transport
All ammunition and brass is turned in
Range is cleaned and prepared for the next day’s training
Instructor feedback

REMARKS:
The practical exercise is for familiarization from alternate shooting positions.

Reactive or steel targets are preferred.

Shooters may receive help and coaching from instructors during the event.

The event will be repeated as time allows.

SUMMARY:
The position shoot practical exercise is designed to introduce students to shooting and
spotting from alternate positions.

173
POI 4217 POSITION SHOOT PRACTICAL EXERCISE 2

A. EXERCISE TITLE:
Position Shoot Aggregate PE

B. EXERCISE AIM:
The aim of this training is to develop the student’s ability to apply all of the
fundamentals of Sniper marksmanship while shooting at stationary targets from
multiple supported and unsupported positions with the aid of a telescopic sight
under stressful conditions

C. TERMINAL LEARNING OBJECTIVE:

ACTION:
Engage targets with precision fire.

CONDITIONS:
Given a Sniper Weapon System, all related sniper equipment, a field
environment, an observer, and the requirement to engage stationary, snap and
moving targets at known and unknown distances from 200 to 1200 meters

STANDARDS:
 90% first-round hits on stationary targets at ranges of 600 meters.
 50% first-round hits on stationary targets at ranges from 600 to 1200
meters.
 70% first-round hits on moving targets at ranges to 300 meters.
 70% first-round hits on snap targets at ranges to 400 meters.

D. TESTS:
Stress Test Exam

TYPE:
Theoretical and Practical

E. TYPE OF INSTRUCTION:
Practical

F. AVAILABLE TIME:
1 Range Day (4 Hours per student)

G. TRAINING AIDS:
12 x 10 Ring Targets
6 Target Apparatuses
4 Instructor spotting scopes

174
H. INSTRUCTOR-to-STUDENT RATIO:
1:6

I. EQUIPMENT/MATERIALS TO BE ISSUED:
1 Sniper Weapon System per student
1 Spotting Scope per student
1 Set of Binoculars per student
41 rounds of ammunition per student

J. HANDOUTS FOR STUDENTS:

None

K. STUDENT PREPARATIONS:
Data Book organized and prepared to begin data collection
Bipod or field expedient rifle support prepared
Telescopic sight fixed to rifle and bore sighted

L. STUDENT EQUIPMENT NEEDED:

1 Sniper Weapon System
1 Set of binoculars
1 spotting scope
Data Book

M. PRE-REQUISITE LESSONS:
Sniper Marksmanship Lesson, Application of Fire Lesson, Meteorological
Conditions Lesson

N. LESSON USED IN OTHER COURSES:

None

O. SAFETY CLEARANCE:
None

P. SAFETY PRECAUTIONS:
Range Safety Briefing

Q. REFERENCE:
POI SOTIC Course Nr. 8313
TC 18-32 Special Forces Sniper

ADMINISTRATIVE DATA

NECESSARY SUPPORT/EQUIPMENT:
2 Instructor Vehicles
4 Student Vehicles
1 Radio per Instructor

175
1 Radio for Range Safety Officer
1 Radio for Range Guard
1 Radio for the Telephone Safety Guard
3 Instructor Spotting Scopes

HELPERS:
6 Assistant Instructors
4 Helpers/Drivers (one to Guard the Range barrier, one for Ammo Handler, one Book
writer, one driver to pick up meals from mess hall)

TRAINING FACILITY:
Known Distance Range

TRAINING DAY PREPARATIONS:

PREPARATION BEFORE TRAINING:

Weapons are drawn from arms room
Ammunition is picked up from bunker
Radios are charged
Range deployment box is prepared
1 Vehicle for instructors is prepositioned
4 Vehicles for students are prepositioned
Range Safety brief is prepared
Brief all instructors on duties, responsibilities and execution
Designate one instructor to run the galleries
Ensure target apparatuses are operational
Ensure targets and markers are prepositioned

PREPARATIONS AT TRAINING AREA:

Position 6, 10 ring targets at a range of 400 meters
Position gate guard
Make contact with range control, receive hot time
Issue ammunition to students
Set up Instructor Spotting Scopes

RANGE POC:
Range Control
Range Master

ANNEX/ATTACHMENTS:
None

PRESENTATION

ACTION:
Engage targets with precision fire

176
CONDITIONS:
Given a Sniper Weapon System, all related sniper equipment, a field environment, an
observer, and the requirement to engage stationary targets at distances from 400 to
1200 meters

STANDARDS:
Score 280 out of 400 possible points while shooting at 10 ring target, at a distance of
400 meters from alternate shooting positions

AGENDA:

33. Range safety brief

34. Cold bore shot
35. Position Shoot PE
36. Instructor feedback

EXECUTION:

PHASE 1:
Students assemble at 400 meter line of the known distance range
Draw ammunition
Instructor explains the aim and outline of the exercise

PHASE 2:
Students will shoot a cold bore shot at the 10 ring target from 400 meters.

PHASE 3:
Conduct Position Shoot PE: students will be given 1 minute to shoot a 5 round
group, from 400 meters, at a single 10 ring target from the following positions:
1. Standing Supported
2. Squatting supported
3. Kneeling supported
4. Sitting supported
5. Sitting unsupported
6. Prone bi-pod supported
7. Prone alternate supported
8. Side prone supported

Students will be given 2 minutes between groups to change positions.

PHASE 4:
Targets will be scored, recorded, cleaned and prepared for the next shooter.

PHASE 5:

177
 Students will rotate through the firing line until everyone has completed the
exercise.

PHASE 6:
At end of the training all students are told to cease fire
All weapons are cleared and prepared for transport
All ammunition and brass is turned in
Range is cleaned and prepared for the next day’s training
Instructor feedback

REMARKS:
The practical exercise is for familiarization and competition between students. Scoring
is based on 40 impacts on a 10 ring target. A maximum of 400 points may be achieved.
Impacts inside and touching the 10 ring a scored 10 points; impacts inside and touching
the 9 ring are scored 9 points and so on.

Shooters may receive help and coaching from instructors during the event.

The event will be repeated as time allows.

SUMMARY:
The position shoot aggregate is designed to introduce students to shooting under
simulated stress and shooting from alternate positions. Scoring of the event is for
ranking students only and will not affect the final course grade.

178
EXAMS
POI 4301 ENGLISH EXAM

A. EXAM TITLE:
English Test

B. EXAM AIM:
The aim of this exam is to measure the student’s ability to speak and understand
English, the instructional language of the course.

C. TERMINAL LEARNING OBJECTIVE:

None

D. TYPE OF EXAM:
Written

E. AVAILABLE TIME:
1 Hour

F. TRAINING AIDS:
None

G. INSTRUCTOR-to-STUDENT RATIO:
1:4

H. EQUIPMENT/MATERIALS TO BE ISSUED:
1 Pencil per student
1 Test booklet per student
1 Answer sheet per student

I. HANDOUTS FOR STUDENTS:

None

J. STUDENT PREPARATIONS:
None

K. STUDENT EQUIPMENT NEEDED:

None

L. PRE-REQUISITE LESSONS:
None

M. LESSON USED IN OTHER COURSES:

None

179
N. SAFETY CLEARANCE:
None

O. SAFETY PRECAUTIONS:
None

P. REFERENCE:
None

ADMINISTRATIVE DATA

NECESSARY SUPPORT/EQUIPMENT:
1 Laptop computer with speakers

HELPERS:
1 Assistant Instructor

TRAINING FACILITY:
Classroom

TRAINING DAY PREPARATIONS:

PREPARATION BEFORE TRAINING:

Ensure classroom is prepared
Ensure computer is working
Ensure the English test is functioning on the computer

PREPARATIONS AT TRAINING AREA:

Hand out test booklets, pencils and answer sheets

RANGE POC:
None

ANNEX/ATTACHMENTS:
None

EXAM

ACTION:
Conduct English Exam

CONDITIONS:
Given a pencil, grade sheet, and test booklet

STANDARDS:
Pass the English test with at least a 60% score

180
AGENDA:

1. Students assemble at the Sniper Branch classroom

2. Brief students the task conditions and standards of the exam
3. Conduct English exam
4. Instructor feed back

EXECUTION:

PHASE 1:
Students assemble in the classroom
Students are given a briefing on how the test is conducted

PHASE 2:
Instructor administers the test

PHASE 3:
Instructor collects all tests
Instructor grades all tests
Tests are then regarded by the assistant instructor
Instructor reports the results

GRADING:

POINTS:
The English test is worth 0 points toward the students course score
The English test is a must pass one time entry test

GRADING STANDARDS:
The test has 50 questions, 25 listening and 25 reading. Each question is worth
two points for a total of 100 points. Students must achieve at least 60 points to
pass and continue with the course.

REMARKS:
None

SUMMARY:
None

181
POI 4302 LAND NAVIGATION EXAM

A. EXAM TITLE:
Land Navigation Exam Test

B. EXAM AIM:
The aim of this exam is to measure the student’s ability to navigate cross country
with only the aid of a map and compass not only during the day time but also at
night.

C. TERMINAL LEARNING OBJECTIVE:

ACTION:
Infiltrate into a target area undetected

CONDITIONS:
Given a Sniper Weapon System, a ghillie suite, all related sniper equipment, a
field environment, and an enemy position

STANDARDS:
Employ stealth movement techniques to approach a target position without being
observed and/or detected.

D. TYPE OF EXAM:
Practical

E. AVAILABLE TIME:
3 Hours daytime
5 Hours nighttime

F. TRAINING AIDS:
Land navigation point markers
Grade sheet punches
Scale

G. INSTRUCTOR-to-STUDENT RATIO:
1:4

H. EQUIPMENT/MATERIALS TO BE ISSUED:
1:50,000 scale Maps
Grade sheets

I. HANDOUTS FOR STUDENTS:

None

J. STUDENT PREPARATIONS:

182
 Students are given the evening to pack their rucksacks and prepare their
equipment for the test the following morning.

K. STUDENT EQUIPMENT NEEDED:

Compass
Protractor
Notebook
Pencil
2 quarts water
Rucksack weighing 20 Kilos
Field Uniform

L. PRE-REQUISITE LESSONS:
None

M. LESSON USED IN OTHER COURSES:

None

N. SAFETY CLEARANCE:
None

O. SAFETY PRECAUTIONS:
Land navigation test briefing

P. REFERENCE:
None

ADMINISTRATIVE DATA

NECESSARY SUPPORT/EQUIPMENT:
1 Instructor Vehicle
4 Student Vehicles

HELPERS:
5 Assistant Instructors
4 Vehicle Drivers

TRAINING FACILITY:
Designated training area

TRAINING DAY PREPARATIONS:

PREPARATION BEFORE TRAINING:

Training area requested
Instructors have been briefed on responsibilities
Land navigation points are set up

183
 Student grade sheets are prepared
1 Vehicle for instructors is prepositioned
4 Vehicles for students are prepositioned
Stalk brief is prepared
Scale is set up

PREPARATIONS AT TRAINING AREA:

Issue maps
Weigh student’s rucksacks

RANGE POC:
None

ANNEX/ATTACHMENTS:
None

EXAM

ACTION:
Conduct Land Navigation (Day time)

CONDITIONS:
Given a rucksack weighing 20 kilograms, 1:50,000 scale map, a compass and the
requirement to find 3 out of 3 points located in a woodland environment, which are
spread out over a 9 kilometer distance within 3 hours

STANDARDS:
Find all three points and reach the end point within 3 hours

AGENDA:

1. Students assemble at the Sniper Branch

2. Brief students the task conditions and standards of the exam
3. Conduct Land Navigation exam
4. Instructor feed back

EXECUTION:

PHASE 1:
Students assemble Sniper Branch building
Instructors weigh all rucksacks
Students are given an exam brief
Students are given maps and grids to the points they must find
Students are given 20 minutes of preparation time

PHASE 2:

184
 Students are driven to the start point of the exam
Instructor gives a time hack and a countdown to begin the exam
At the end of the countdown the exam begins and students then have 3 hours to
find all 3 points and return to the sniper branch building

PHASE 3:
As students return to the sniper branch their time is recorded, rucksack is
weighed, and grade sheets are graded.

PHASE 4:
After all students have finished and all exam sheets are graded the results are
reported

GRADING:

POINTS:
The Land Nav test is worth 0 points toward the students course score.
This exam is a go/no go event which students must pass in order to graduate
from the sniper course

GRADING STANDARDS:
Students must find 3 out of 3 points that are spread out over a 9 kilometre
distance within 3 hours in order to pass the exam.

REMARKS:
None

SUMMARY:
None

TRAINING NIGHT PREPARATIONS:

PREPARATION BEFORE TRAINING:

Training area requested
Instructors have been briefed on responsibilities
Land navigation points are set up
Student grade sheets are prepared
1 Vehicle for instructors is prepositioned
4 Vehicles for students are prepositioned
Stalk brief is prepared
Scale is set up

PREPARATIONS AT TRAINING AREA:

Issue maps
Weigh student’s rucksacks

185
 RANGE POC:
None

ANNEX/ATTACHMENTS:
None

EXAM

ACTION:
Conduct Land Navigation (Night time)

CONDITIONS:
Given a 20 kilo rucksack, 1:50,000 scale map, a compass and the requirement to find 3
out of 3 points located in a woodland environment, which are spread out over a 9
kilometer distance within 3 hours

STANDARDS:
Find all three points and reach the end point within 5 hours

AGENDA:

1. Students assemble at the Sniper Branch

2. Brief students the task conditions and standards of the exam
3. Conduct Land Navigation exam
4. Instructor feed back

EXECUTION:

PHASE 1:
Students assemble Sniper Branch building
Instructors weigh all rucksacks
Students are given an exam brief
Students are given maps and grids to the points they must find
Students are given 20 minutes of preparation time

PHASE 2:
Students are driven to the start point of the exam
Instructor gives a time hack and a countdown to begin the exam
At the end of the countdown the exam begins and students then have 5 hours to
find all 3 points and return to the sniper branch building

PHASE 3:
As students return to the sniper branch their time is recorded, rucksack is
weighed, and grade sheets are graded.

PHASE 4:

186
 After all students have finished and all exam sheets are graded the results are
reported

GRADING:

POINTS:
The Land Navigation test is worth 0 points toward the students course score.
This exam is a go/no go event which students must pass in order to graduate
from the sniper course

GRADING STANDARDS:
Students must find 3 out of 3 points that are spread out over a 9 kilometre
distance within 5 hours in order to pass the exam.

REMARKS:
None

SUMMARY:
None

187
POI 4303 KIM’S GAME EXAM

A. EXAM TITLE:
Kim’s Game 1
Kim’s Game 2

B. EXAM AIM:
The aim of this exam is to assess the student’s ability to memorize and
remember key pieces of intelligence observed during missions so that they may
report that information at a later time.

C. TERMINAL LEARNING OBJECTIVE:

ACTION:
Observe a target area

CONDITIONS:
Given a Sniper Weapon System, all related sniper equipment, a field
environment, a trained observer, and the requirement to observe a target area
and report all pertinent intelligence

STANDARDS:
Observe the target area and report all information of intelligence value

D. EXAM TYPE:
Practical

F. AVAILABLE TIME:
1 Hour

G. TRAINING AIDS:
Kim’s Game assessment sheets
1 table or a place on the ground
10 random objects
1 Sheet to cover all objects

H. INSTRUCTOR-to-STUDENT RATIO:
1:24

I. EQUIPMENT/MATERIALS TO BE ISSUED:
None

J. HANDOUTS FOR STUDENTS:

None

K. STUDENT PREPARATIONS:

188
 None

L. STUDENT EQUIPMENT NEEDED:

None

M. PRE-REQUISITE LESSONS:
Observation of terrain lesson, Sniper observation log, range card and panoramic
sketch lesson

N. LESSON USED IN OTHER COURSES:

None

O. SAFETY CLEARANCE:
None

P. SAFETY PRECAUTIONS:
None

Q. REFERENCE:
POI SOTIC Course Nr. 8351
FM 23-10

ADMINISTRATIVE DATA

NECESSARY SUPPORT/EQUIPMENT:
1 Instructor Vehicle
4 Student Vehicles

HELPERS:
1 Assistant Instructor
4 Vehicle Drivers

TRAINING FACILITY:
Training area

TRAINING DAY PREPARATIONS:

PREPARATION BEFORE TRAINING:

Kim’s Game deployment box is prepared
1 Vehicle for instructors is prepositioned
4 Vehicles for students are prepositioned
Kim’s Game brief is prepared

PREPARATIONS AT TRAINING AREA:

Set up Kim’s exercise by placing 10 objects on a table or ground and cover with
a sheet

189
 RANGE POC:
None

ANNEX/ATTACHMENTS:
None

PRESENTATION

ACTION:
Observe a target area

CONDITIONS:
Given a field environment, and the requirement to observe a target area consisting of 10
random objects and the requirement to memorize and remember all 10 objects without
writing, drawing or talking

STANDARDS:
Remember all 10 objects and report them at a later time

AGENDA:

1. Students assemble at the Kim’s Game exam area

2. Brief students the task conditions and standards of the exam
3. Conduct Kim’s Game exam
4. Instructor feed back

EXECUTION:

PHASE 1:
Students assemble in the Kim’s Game training area
Students gather around a designated location or follow a designated route where
10 random objects will be presented to them
Explain the aim and outline of the exam

PHASE 2:
Students are shown items.
Students have predetermined amount of time to study and memorize the objects
and/or complete the designated route

PHASE 3:
Students record as many of the objects as they can remember at designated
point(s) within a predetermined time period.

PHASE 4:
Students reassemble

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 Instructor collects assessment sheets
Instructor reviews the objects and allows the students to view the objects
Instructor provides feed back

GRADING:

POINTS:
Each Kim’s Game exam is worth 10 points
2 Graded Kim’s Game exams total

GRADING STANDARDS:
Instructor grades the exam by awarding the full 10 points to students who
correctly remember all 10 objects.
Instructor deducts 1 point for every object that the student does not record.

REMARKS:
During the execution of the Kim’s game exam no talking is allowed.
At no time during the exam are students permitted to write or sketch
Students must remain under observation of the cadre during the entire exam
Students who are caught talking, writing, or sketching will fail the exam.
The time period between observing the objects and recording the objects should be
approximately one hour during the first exam.
During this time the students will perform an unrelated task such as eating lunch, PT or
another training exercise.
The time period between observing the objects and recording the objects will increase
with each subsequent exam.

SUMMARY:
This Kim’s Game exam will be conducted 2 times for a total of 20 points toward the
students overall course grade. These exams will also serve as field training where they
will apply everything taught in the classroom lessons and receive coaching and
instruction from the instructors after the exam is completed. After the practice Kim’s
Game exercise and 5 exams the students will have a firm understanding of the
techniques, required to memorize and remember things they observe.

191
POI 4304 RANGE ESTIMATION EXAMS

A. EXAM TITLE:
Judging Distance (JD) 1
Judging Distance (JD) 2

B. EXAM AIM:
The aim of this exam is to assess the student’s ability to accurately estimate
range.

C. TERMINAL LEARNING OBJECTIVE:

ACTION:
Engage targets with precision fire

CONDITIONS:
Given a Sniper Weapon System, all related sniper equipment, a field
environment, an observer, and the requirement to engage stationary and moving
targets at distances from 200 to 1200 meters

STANDARDS:
 90% first-round hits on stationary targets at ranges of 600 meters.
 50% first-round hits on stationary targets at ranges from 600 to 1200
meters.
 70% first-round hits on moving targets at ranges to 300 meters.
 70% first-round hits on snap targets at ranges to 400 meters.

D. TEST TYPE:
Practical

E. AVAILABLE TIME:
1 Hour

F. TRAINING AIDS:
JD assessment sheets
1 E-Type silhouette
1 Laser Range Finder
1 Vehicle

G. INSTRUCTOR-to-STUDENT RATIO:
1:24

H. EQUIPMENT/MATERIALS TO BE ISSUED:
None

192
I. HANDOUTS FOR STUDENTS:
1 JD assessment sheet per student

J. STUDENT PREPARATIONS:
None

K. STUDENT EQUIPMENT NEEDED:

1 Clip board
1 Calculator
1 Sniper Weapon System per student
1 Set of binoculars

L. PRE-REQUISITE LESSONS:
Observation of terrain lesson, Range Estimation lesson

M. LESSON USED IN OTHER COURSES:

None

N. SAFETY CLEARANCE:
None

O. SAFETY PRECAUTIONS:
None

P. REFERENCE:
POI SOTIC Course Nr. 8351
FM 23-10

ADMINISTRATIVE DATA

NECESSARY SUPPORT/EQUIPMENT:
1 Instructor Vehicle
4 Student Vehicles

HELPERS:
1 Assistant Instructor
4 Vehicle Drivers

TRAINING FACILITY:
Training area with visibility out to 1200 meters

EXAM DAY PREPARATIONS:

PREPARATION BEFORE EXAM:

JD deployment box is prepared
1 Vehicle for instructors is prepositioned

193
 4 Vehicles for students are prepositioned
JD exercise brief is prepared
Brief assistant instructor on his duties

PREPARATIONS AT EXAM AREA:

Arrange all students on line and in the prone as if on a firing line oriented in the
direction of the JD training area
Set up JD exercise by placing targets of a known size at various ranges on the
shooting range.
-Or-
Set up JD exercise by placing 1 E-type target on a 3 meter pole on the instructor
vehicle.

RANGE POC:
None

ANNEX/ATTACHMENTS:
None

PRESENTATION

ACTION:
Estimate range to a target

CONDITIONS:
Given a field environment, a sniper weapon system, a calculator and the requirement to
estimate the range to 10 targets of known size that will appear at varying distance from
200-1200 meters

STANDARDS:
Using the naked eye and weapon scope accurately estimate the range to all 10 targets
within 10% of the targets actual range

AGENDA:

1. Students assemble at the JD exam area

2. Brief students the task conditions and standards of the exam
3. Conduct JD exam
4. Instructor feed back

EXECUTION:

PHASE 1:
Students assemble in the JD training area
Students are arranged in line as if on a firing line oriented in the direction of
training area.

194
 Explain the aim and outline of the exam

PHASE 2A:
Students are given 20 minutes to estimate the range to 10 targets placed at
ranges between 200 and 1200 meters in the training area.

PHASE 2B (ALTERNATE TO PHASE 2A):

Instructor tells assistant to drive the vehicle with mounted E-type forward
Instructor directs the assistant by radio where to position the vehicle
Once vehicle is in position instructor tells students to estimate range with the
naked eye and record their distances on their grade sheets
At this time the instructor determines the actual range with the laser range finder
and records the distance to target one
After one minutes instructor tells the students to estimate range with their rifle
scopes and record their distance on their grade sheets
After one minutes the instructor tells assistant by radio to move the vehicle and
directs him to a different position.
Instructor gives students one minute with the naked eye and one minute with the
rifle scope and determines the actual distance with laser range finder before
moving the vehicle to a different position.
This process is repeated until the students have estimated range to 10 targets at
varying distances from 200 to 1200 meters

PHASE 3:
After students have estimated distance to the last target, the instructor collects all
grade sheets.
Instructor then reads the actual distances to the targets that he recorded with the
laser range finder.
Instructor gives feedback and coaches students who were not within plus or
minus 10% of the actual distances

GRADING:

POINTS:
Each JD exam is worth 20 points
2 Graded JD exams total

GRADING STANDARDS:
Instructor grades the exam by awarding the full 20 points to students who
correctly judge the distance to all 10 targets within plus or minus 10%.
Instructor deducts 2 points for every object that the student does not accurately
record the distance to.

REMARKS:
During the execution of the JD exam, no talking is allowed.
At no time during the exam are students permitted to look to the left or right.

195
Students must remain under observation of the cadre during the entire exercise
Students are not permitted to use anything other than the naked eye and rifle scope
Students who are caught cheating will fail the exam.

SUMMARY:
These JD exams will be conducted 2 times for a total of 40 points toward the student’s
overall grade. They will serve as evaluations and field training where they will apply
everything taught in the classroom lessons and receive coaching and instruction from
the instructors only after the exams are completed. After these JD exams the students
will have a firm understanding of the techniques required to estimate range to targets
with precision.

196
POI 4305 OBSERVATION OF THE GROUND EXAMS

A. EXAM TITLE:
Observation Exam 1
Observation Exam 2

B. EXAM AIM:
The aim of this exam is to measure the student’s abilities used for observation
and target detection.

C. TERMINAL LEARNING OBJECTIVE:

ACTION:
Observe a target area

CONDITIONS:
Given a Sniper Weapon System, all related sniper equipment, a field
environment, a trained observer, and the requirement to observe a target area
and report all pertinent intelligence

STANDARDS:
Observe the target area and report all pertinent intelligence

D. TYPE OF EXAM:
Practical

E. AVAILABLE TIME:
1 Hour

F. TRAINING AIDS:
OB assessment sheets
1 Water can
2 Radios
10 different military items
Left/Right observation limit markers

G. INSTRUCTOR-to-STUDENT RATIO:
1:24

H. EQUIPMENT/MATERIALS TO BE ISSUED:
Observation assessment sheet
Clipboard

I. HANDOUTS FOR STUDENTS:

Class Handout

197
J. STUDENT PREPARATIONS:
None

K. STUDENT EQUIPMENT NEEDED:

Sniper Weapon System
Compass
Note book
Pencil
Binoculars
Face paint
Spotting scope
2 quarts water
Wrist watch

L. PRE-REQUISITE LESSONS:
Observation of terrain lesson; Sniper observation log, range card and panoramic
sketch lesson

M. LESSON USED IN OTHER COURSES:

None

N. SAFETY CLEARANCE:
None

O. SAFETY PRECAUTIONS:
None

P. REFERENCE:
FM 3-22.10 Sniper Training and Operations (2009)
The Ultimate Sniper (Rev Ed) by MAJ John Plaster, USAR (RET.) (2006)
Illustrated Manual of Sniper Skills by Mark Spicer (2006)

ADMINISTRATIVE DATA

NECESSARY SUPPORT/EQUIPMENT:
1 Instructor Vehicle
4 Student Vehicles

HELPERS:
1 Assistant Instructor
4 Vehicle Drivers

TRAINING FACILITY:
Designated OB training area

TRAINING DAY PREPARATIONS:

198
 PREPARATION BEFORE TRAINING:
Training area requested
Instructors have been briefed on responsibilities
Draw Sniper Weapon and equipment from arms room
OB deployment box is prepared
Radios charged and loaded in stalk box
1 Vehicle for instructors is prepositioned
4 Vehicles for students are prepositioned
OB brief is prepared

PREPARATIONS AT TRAINING AREA:

Set up OB exercise by placing 10 military objects in a designated sector

RANGE POC:
None

ANNEX/ATTACHMENTS:
None

PRESENTATION

ACTION:
Observe a target area

CONDITIONS:
Given a Sniper Weapon System, all related sniper equipment, a field environment, a
trained observer, and the requirement to observe a target area and report all pertinent
intelligence

STANDARDS:
Observe the target area recording all pertinent intelligence by creating an observation
log, range card and panoramic sketch

AGENDA:

1. Students assemble at the OB exam area

2. Brief students the task conditions and standards of the exam
3. Conduct OB exam
4. Instructor feed back

EXECUTION:

PHASE 1:
Students assemble in the OB area
Explain the aim and outline of the exam

199
 Issue the students 1 empty panoramic sketch
Position students on line facing the designated sector
Half of the students are positioned on the left half of the observation “line”
Half of the students are positioned on the right half of the observation “line”
Students prepare their equipment
Point out the left and right limits

PHASE 2:
Students are given 10 minutes to prepare their panoramic sketch and observe
the sector with the naked eye, from a stationary location, no higher than a
kneeling position.

PHASE 3:
Students are then given 20 minutes to observe with binoculars from a stationary
location, no higher than a kneeling position from their designated half of the
observation line.

PHASE 4:
Students then change locations on the observation line. Students who started on
the left half of the observation move to the right; students who started on the right
move to the left. Students are then given 20 minutes to observe with binoculars
from a stationary location, no higher than a kneeling position from their
designated half of the observation line.

PHASE 5:
Students are then given 10 minutes to observe from an additional location along
the observation line of their choosing. Once a student chooses his position he
will not be allowed move again. The student may observe with binoculars, no
higher than a kneeling position.

PHASE 6:
After the designated time is over students turn in sketches and instructors review
the 10 military objects, show their locations and provide feedback and AAR

GRADING:

POINTS:
Each OB exam is worth 20 points
5 Graded observation exams total

GRADING STANDARDS:
Instructor grades the exam awarding the full 20 points to students who observe
and record all 10 objects and have an accurate panoramic sketch.

Students are awarded one point for every object identified and properly located
on the sketch, half a point if they identify the location of an object but are unable

200
 to identify what the object is. Objects identified but placed in the wrong position
on the sketch are worth zero points.

Points are deducted based on the following criteria:

 2 points deducted for sketches that do not contain a north seeking arrow.
 2 points is deducted for sketches that do not contain sectors.
 2 points is deducted for each item that a student fails to observe.
 5 points is deducted for sketches that do not provide enough detail to
locate items

An additional 5 bonus points may be awarded to one student, per exam, for an
exceptional sketch. It is not necessary to award bonus points. Students who
receive the bonus points must have properly identified all 10 objects in the
observation lane.

REMARKS:
During the execution of the observation exam, no talking is allowed.
During the preparation of their equipment, students are not allowed to look into the arc.
During the preparation of the panoramic sketch no optics are to be used.
During all observation phases the students work alone.
Students who ignore this will fail the exam and be awarded zero points.
During the observation phase students are not allowed to change their position until
instructed to do so, except for the final ten minutes.
Students must stay in a position no higher than kneeling; lower positions are allowed,
such as prone. Students may not place their optics more than 1.5 meters above the
ground.
When an object has been detected but not recognised, still ‘mark’ it down; after
changeover you might recognise it from another angle.
After the fourth observation phase has ended, students must put down their writing
equipment.
When all panoramic sketches are handed in, students are allowed to talk again.

SUMMARY:
This OB exam will be conducted 2 times with a total of 40 possible points to the overall
course grade. It will also serve as field training where they will apply everything taught
in the classroom lessons and receive coaching and instruction from the instructors after
the exam is completed. After the practice observation exercise and 5 graded
observation exams the students will have a firm understanding of the techniques and
field craft required in observation.

201
POI 4306 STALK EXAMS

A. EXAM TITLE:
Stalk 1
Stalk 2

B. EXAM AIM:
To measure the student’s ability to employ sniper field craft in order to enter a
target area, establish a final firing position, engage a target and leave a target
area undetected.

C. TERMINAL LEARNING OBJECTIVE:

ACTION:
Infiltrate into a target area undetected

CONDITIONS:
Given a Sniper Weapon System, a ghillie suite, all related sniper equipment, a
field environment, and an enemy position

STANDARDS:
Employ stealth movement techniques to approach a target position without being
observed and/or detected.

D. TYPE OF EXAM:
Practical

E. AVAILABLE TIME:
5 Hours

F. TRAINING AIDS:
2 sets of Binoculars
2 Laser Range Finders
1 Table
6 Radios
4 Orange Vests
4 Yellow Procedure Cards
1 Set of Identification Letters
24 Student Stalk Maps
Stalk Assessment Sheets
1 Vehicle for the OP
1 Water Can
56 300 Winmag blank rounds

G. INSTRUCTOR-to-STUDENT RATIO:
1:12

202
H. EQUIPMENT/MATERIALS TO BE ISSUED:
Stalk Maps
Blank Ammunition

I. HANDOUTS FOR STUDENTS:

Class Handout

J. STUDENT PREPARATIONS:
Students are given 20 minutes to camouflage themselves and equipment and to
study the map.

K. STUDENT EQUIPMENT NEEDED:

Ghillie suit
Sniper Weapon System
Compass
Note book
Pencil
Binoculars
Face paint
2 quarts water
Wrist watch

L. PRE-REQUISITE LESSONS:
Camouflage and concealment lesson
Sniper hides and loopholes lesson
Individual movement/selecting lines of advance lesson
Judging Distance
Application of Fire

M. LESSON USED IN OTHER COURSES:

None

N. SAFETY CLEARANCE:
None

O. SAFETY PRECAUTIONS:
Stalk Briefing

P. REFERENCE:
POI SOTIC Course Nr. 8364,
TC 18-32 Special Forces Sniper Training and Employment 25 APR 2003

ADMINISTRATIVE DATA

NECESSARY SUPPORT/EQUIPMENT:

203
1 Instructor Vehicle
Student Vehicles for 24 personnel and equipment
Blank ammunition

HELPERS:
3 Assistant Instructors (Minimum)
5 Assistant Instructors (Preferred)
Vehicle Drivers

TRAINING FACILITY:
Designated stalk training area

TRAINING DAY PREPARATIONS:

PREPARATION BEFORE TRAINING:

Training area requested
Instructors have been briefed on responsibilities
Draw Sniper Weapon and equipment from arms room
Stalk deployment box is prepared
Radios charged and loaded in stalk box
1 Vehicle for instructors is prepositioned
Vehicles for students are prepositioned
Stalk brief is prepared

PREPARATIONS AT TRAINING AREA:

Set up Stalk exercise OP with 2 instructors as the observers
Prepare assistant instructors to be walkers in orange vests
Issue 2 blank rounds of ammunition to each student

RANGE POC:
Range Control

ANNEX/ATTACHMENTS:
None

EXAM

ACTION:
Conduct the execution phase (stalk) of a sniper mission

CONDITIONS:
Given a semi-permissive environment, the weapons and equipment for conducting
sniper operations, a map of the area, intelligence, and a mission with the following
requirements:
 Move undetected 400 to 1600 meters to target area
 Eliminate the enemy OP located at a 6 digit grid coordinate location

204
  Establish FFP no more than 300 meters from the OP
 Avoid detection by enemy forces and/or civilians
 Fire first shot no later than 3 hours after notification of start time

STANDARDS:
No later than 3 hours after beginning stalk from a mission support site, identify target,
establish a final firing position, and eliminate the enemy OP without being detected;
then exfiltrate without detection

AGENDA:

1. Students assemble at the Stalk exam area

2. Brief students the task conditions and standards of the exam
3. Conduct Stalk exam
4. Instructor feed back

EXECUTION:

PHASE 1:
Students assemble in the stalk area
Students are given a stalk brief
Students are given 20 minutes of preparation time

PHASE 2:
Students are notified when they are under observation
Students stalk a distance of between 400 to 1600 meters
Students identify the target location
Students select an FFP no more than 300 meters away from the enemy position

Students fire their first shot NLT 3 hours after they are under observation

PHASE 3:
Student is processed:
An Instructor moves within 5m of the sniper
If undetected students will identify the code symbol
If undetected, student will take their second blank shot
If undetected students will state their range to the target
Walkers will check the scope settings on the rifle
Walker will check if the students shoot is obstructed (Stick Shot)
Instructors critique student’s performance
Students are told to stalk back to the pre-determined location
Students are evaluated using the stalking exercise score sheet

PHASE 4:
After all students and instructors have returned to the ending point instructors will
perform an AAR

205
GRADING:

POINTS:
Each stalk is worth 50 points
2 Graded Stalks total

GRADING STANDARDS:
If a student is detected by the OP outside 300 meters and the OP is able to direct
a walker to within 1.5 meters of the student or the student’s equipment the
student fails the exam and receives 0 points and returns to start point.

If a student is detected by the OP within 300 meters and the OP is able to direct
a walker to within 1.5 meters of the student the student fails the exam and
receives 6 points and is given the opportunity to stalk out for an additional 10
points; 16 points total.

If a student is detected by the OP within 300 meters and the student is in an

established FFP and the OP is able to direct a walker to within 1.5 meters of the
student the student fails the exam and receives 12 points and is processed
beginning with step 8 below.

If a student is within 300 meters and the student is in an established FFP and
has fired his first shot and the OP is unable to direct a walker to within 1.5 meters
of the student, the student is then processed:

1. A walker moves within 5 meters of the student in his FFP and tells
the OP that he is within 5.
2. The OP directs to walker to ask student if “he is ready to identify?”
The OP will then hold up a NATO letter Identification Letter, above
or below his binoculars and touching the binoculars. The OP will
display the Identification Letter for 5 seconds, one time only. If the
student is unable to correctly identify the NATO letter the student
receives 12 points and continues on step 8.
3. Using binoculars, OP attempts to detect the student. If OP is able to
direct the walker to within 1 meter of the student or the student’s
equipment the student receives 12 points, and is given the
opportunity to stalk out for an additional 10 points; 22 points total. If
the OP is able to direct the walker to place the “yellow card” within
3 meters of the student or the student’s equipment, in the student’s
gun-target-line (loop hole) the student receives 12 points, and
continues on step 8.
4. If the OP is unable to spot the students loophole or direct the
walker to within 1 meter of the student, the student is asked if he is
ready to fire his 2nd shot.

206
5. OP continues to observe, and gives the student a 5 second count
down over the radio. Student fires on 0.
6. OP attempts to detect the student. If OP is able to direct the walker
to place his yellow card in the student’s gun-target line (within 3
meters of the student or his equipment) or able to direct the walker
to within 1 meter of the student or his equipment, the student
receives 30 points and continues on step 8.
7. If the OP is unable to direct the walker to the student or the gun-
target line the student receives 40 points.
8. The student is asked his estimated range to the target. The walker
relays the student’s range to the OP via radio and the OP confirms.
It is the student’s responsibility to ensure the OP confirms the
correct range.
9. The walker moves to the student’s position. The OP determines the
student’s actual range using a laser range finder to establish the
distance to the walker. If the OP is unable to properly gather the
range to the walker at the FFP, the walker will move to a position
where the OP can get an accurate distance. The student will then
be asked to estimate the range from his FFP to the walker. If the
student’s estimated range is outside a 10% margin of error to the
actual range, the student is penalized 8 points.
10. Instructor checks the student’s scope settings to ensure they have
the proper windage and elevation data for the range and wind
conditions. The proper elevation and windage data will be
confirmed using the student’s data book. If the student’s elevation
or windage data is incorrect he is penalized 8 points.
11. The instructor inspects both pieces of brass, data book and checks
that the student has not lost any other equipment. If the student has
lost any equipment or material he is penalized 8 points.
12. The instructor then checks the student's gun-target line (loop hole)
to ensure there is nothing in the bullets path that would disrupt the
flight of the bullet (Stick Shot). If the walker determines that there is
a stick shot the student is penalized 12 points. During live-fire
stalks the student will be deducted 12 points if he misses the target.
13. The instructor checks the student’s use of natural vegetation to
ensure it is adequate for the FFP. The instructor will check that the
student’s exposed skin is camouflaged, that the head and shoulder
outline is disrupted, the scope and rifle outline is disrupted and
additional equipment is camouflaged. If the walker determines
there is insufficient use of natural vegetation the student will be
penalized 6 points. Approximately 70% of a student’s camouflage
must be natural.
14. The instructor check if the student is within 10 meters of another
student’s FFP. If the student is within 10 meters of another
student’s FFP he is penalized 8 points.

207
 15. The instructor will then instruct the student to move tactically to the
stalk end point. It is expected that the walker will have interaction
with the student at this time; the OP will continue to scan the stalk
lane away from the student just processed. If the student
successfully exits the stalk lane without being caught he receives
an additional 10 points for the exercise for a possible total of 50
points.
16. The OP may only direct the movement of a walker with facing
movements and simple walking instructions (ie. Walk forward; take
two steps to the left). The walker may not communicate any
information to the OP regarding the position of the student.
17. Any student who knowingly uses the FFP and/or loop hole of
another student will be removed from the stalk and receive 0 points.
18. Any student caught moving in an un-tactical manner by the OP or a
walker will be penalized 20 points. Moving in an un-tactical manner
includes, but is not limited to: walking down improved roads and
trails, moving near civilian vehicles, walking casually through an
open field, interacting with civilians in any way.
19. Students may earn a possible 50 points for each stalk exam.
Students may not receive a score below zero points.

REMARKS:
All stalk exams will be as individuals and students will receive their individual grade.
Students found speaking to, helping or conducting movement with other students by
any instructor will be removed from the exam and receive zero points.

During the exams, instructors will provide no coaching or help to any students.

All distances are measured as a straight line from the walker, or the yellow card, to the
sniper or the sniper’s equipment.

Students may fire their first shot and be processed at any time during the stalk. A
student who has fired his first shot may be processed while other students are still
stalking. Only one student at a time may be processed during the 3 hour stalk window.
One observer will process the student and the other will continue to observe the stalk
lane. During the last 30 minutes of the 3 hour stalk window no students will be
processed. During the last 30 minutes both instructors will scan the stalk lane. This is
done in order to maximize training value for students who still trying to locate and
construct a FFP.

An established FFP is defined by a student having selected and begun preparation to

the position he will fire from and having an estimated range to target. The student must
confirm that he is in an established FFP in order to continue being processed. A
student in an established FFP will be processed and may lose points based on
vegetation, obstructed shot, range estimation, etc.

208
When using the yellow card to identify a student’s gun-target-line (Loop Hole) the OP
will hold up an additional NATO identification letter for 5 seconds and ask to the student
to identify the letter while the yellow card is obstructing the loop hole. If the student is
able to identify the letter, the OP does not have the loop hole. If the student is unable to
identify the letter, the OP has identified the loop hole.

Instructors observing from the enemy OP will only direct walkers to a sniper’s FFP
based upon observed indicators. The OP is not allowed to direct a walker based on
intuition or previous experience on the stalk lane.

There is a 10 percent allowance in a student’s range estimation; the student may

establish an FFP out to 330 meters (300 plus 10 percent). The student must, however,
give an estimated range to target of 300 meters or below. If the student estimates his
range to target beyond 300 meters he is given zero points.

The enemy observation point is defined by the space encompassing the two
observation optics, the 1 meter tall target and the ground creating an 8 meter radius
around each.

Students must shoot within a 180 degree arc of the observation point. The edge of the
180 degree arc is defined by generating a straight line, through the line created by the
front of the two observer optics.

Observation Optics

Observers and Walkers will critique student performances, pointing out the mistakes
made and identifying the proper techniques that should be used after the students have
been processed. All Direction will be taken from the OP; the OP is the control point for
the entire exam.

SUMMARY:
This stalk exam will be conducted 2 times for a total of 100 points toward the students
overall course points. It will also serve as field training where they will apply everything
taught in the classroom lessons and receive coaching and instruction from the
instructors after being processed and points are awarded. After practice stalks and 6
exams the students will have a firm understanding of the tactics, techniques,
procedures and field craft required in stalking.

209
POI 4307 STALK, OBSERVE AND REPORT EXAMS

A. EXAM TITLE:
Stalk, Observe, Report Exam 1
Stalk, Observe, Report Exam 2

B. EXAM AIM:
To measure the student’s ability to employ sniper field craft in order to enter a
target area, establish a final firing position, observe and report intelligence,
engage a target and leave a target area undetected.

C. TERMINAL LEARNING OBJECTIVE:

TLO #2:
Infiltrate into a target area undetected

TLO #3:
Observe a target area

D. TYPE OF EXAM:
Practical

E. AVAILABLE TIME:
7 Hours

F. TRAINING AIDS:
2 sets of Binoculars
2 Laser Range Finders
1 Table
6 Radios
4 Orange Vests
4 Yellow Procedure Cards
1 Set of Identification Letters
24 Student Stalk Maps
Stalk Assessment Sheets
1 Vehicle for the OP
1 Water Can
56 300 Winmag blank rounds

G. INSTRUCTOR-to-STUDENT RATIO:
1:12

H. EQUIPMENT/MATERIALS TO BE ISSUED:
Stalk Maps
Blank Ammunition

210
I. HANDOUTS FOR STUDENTS:
Class Handout

J. STUDENT PREPARATIONS:
Students are given 20 minutes to camouflage themselves and equipment and to
study the map.

K. STUDENT EQUIPMENT NEEDED:

Ghillie suit
Sniper Weapon System
Compass
Note book
Pencil
Binoculars
Face paint
2 quarts water
Wrist watch

L. PRE-REQUISITE LESSONS:
Camouflage and concealment lesson
Sniper hides and loopholes lesson
Individual movement/selecting lines of advance lesson
Judging Distance
Application of Fire

M. LESSON USED IN OTHER COURSES:

None

N. SAFETY CLEARANCE:
None

O. SAFETY PRECAUTIONS:
Stalk Briefing

P. REFERENCE:
POI SOTIC Course Nr. 8364,
TC 18-32 Special Forces Sniper Training and Employment 25 APR 2003

ADMINISTRATIVE DATA

NECESSARY SUPPORT/EQUIPMENT:
1 Instructor Vehicle
Student Vehicles for 24 personnel and equipment
Blank ammunition

HELPERS:

211
3 Assistant Instructors (Minimum)
5 Assistant Instructors (Preferred)
Vehicle Drivers

TRAINING FACILITY:
Designated stalk training area

TRAINING DAY PREPARATIONS:

PREPARATION BEFORE TRAINING:

Training area requested
Instructors have been briefed on responsibilities
Draw Sniper Weapon and equipment from arms room
Stalk deployment box is prepared
Radios charged and loaded in stalk box
1 Vehicle for instructors is prepositioned
Vehicles for students are prepositioned
Stalk brief is prepared

PREPARATIONS AT TRAINING AREA:

Set up Stalk exercise OP with 2 instructors as the observers
Prepare assistant instructors to be walkers in orange vests
Issue 2 blank rounds of ammunition to each student

RANGE POC:
Range Control

ANNEX/ATTACHMENTS:
None

EXAM

ACTION:
Conduct the execution phase (stalk) of a sniper mission

CONDITIONS:
Given a semi-permissive environment, the weapons and equipment for conducting
sniper operations, a map of the area, intelligence, and a mission with the following
requirements:
 Move undetected 400 to 1600 meters to target area
 Eliminate the enemy OP located at a 6 digit grid coordinate location
 Establish FFP no more than 300 meters from the OP
 Avoid detection by enemy forces and/or civilians
 Fire first shot no later than 3 hours after notification of start time

STANDARDS:

212
No later than 3 hours after beginning stalk from a mission support site, identify target,
establish a final firing position, and eliminate the enemy OP without being detected;
then exfiltrate without detection

AGENDA:

1. Students assemble at the Stalk exam area

2. Brief students the task conditions and standards of the exam
3. Conduct Stalk exam
4. Instructor feed back

EXECUTION:

PHASE 1:
Students assemble in the stalk area
Students are given a stalk brief
Students are given 20 minutes of preparation time

PHASE 2:
Students are notified when they are under observation
Students stalk a distance of between 400 to 1600 meters
Students identify the target location
Students select an FFP no more than 300 meters away from the enemy position

PHASE 3:
After 3 hours a scenario will be displayed to the front of the observation position
The scenario will have a at least one identifiable and unique target
Students will fire after making positive identification of the target
 Each target will contain at least three distinct, identifiable characteristics
 One characteristic will be used by students to PID
 The others will be used to verify students properly identified the target

PHASE 4:
Student is processed:
An Instructor moves within 5m of the sniper
If undetected students will identify the target characteristics
If undetected, student will take their second blank shot
If undetected students will state their range to the target
Walkers will check the scope settings on the rifle
Walker will check if the students shoot is obstructed (Stick Shot)
Instructors critique student’s performance
Students are told to stalk back to the pre-determined location
Students will turn in a SALUTE report describing the observed scenario
Students are evaluated using the stalking exercise score sheet

PHASE 5:

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 After all students and instructors have returned to the start point instructors will
perform an AAR

GRADING:

POINTS:
Each Observe and Report Stalk is worth 100 points
2 Graded Observe and Report Stalks total

GRADING STANDARDS:
Students are graded in the same manner as the Stalk Exam (4307) and may
earn up to 50 points for the stalk portion of the exam. Students will

At the end of the stalk each student will turn in a SALUTE report. Students will
turn in their SALUTE report, describing the activity observed near the OP, to the
walker. The SALUTE report is worth a total of 50 points. Points will be deducted
from the SALUTE report for:
 5 point for each unique characteristic not identified
 10 point for each section not completed
 10 point for not including student number
 Students cannot receive less than zero points for the
SALUTE report

Students may earn a possible 100 points for each stalk, observe and report
exam; 50 stalk points and 50 SALUTE points. Students may not receive a score
below zero points.

REMARKS:
All stalk exams will be as individuals and students will receive their individual grade.
Students found speaking to, helping or conducting movement with other students by
any instructor will be removed from the exam and receive zero points.

During the exams, instructors will provide no coaching or help to any students.

All distances are measured as a straight line from the walker, or the yellow card, to the
sniper or the sniper’s equipment.

An established FFP is defined by a student having selected and begun preparation to

the position he will fire from and having an estimated range to target. The student must
confirm that he is in an established FFP in order to continue being processed. A
student in an established FFP will be processed and may lose points based on
vegetation, obstructed shot, range estimation, etc.

When using the yellow card to identify a student’s gun-target-line (Loop Hole) the OP
will hold up an additional NATO identification letter for 5 seconds and ask to the student
to identify the letter while the yellow card is obstructing the loop hole. If the student is

214
able to identify the letter, the OP does not have the loop hole. If the student is unable to
identify the letter, the OP has identified the loop hole.

Instructors observing from the enemy OP will only direct walkers to a sniper’s FFP
based upon observed indicators. The OP is not allowed to direct a walker based on
intuition or previous experience on the stalk lane.

There is a 10 percent allowance in a student’s range estimation; the student may

establish an FFP out to 330 meters (300 plus 10 percent). The student must, however,
give an estimated range to target of 300 meters or below. If the student estimates his
range to target beyond 300 meters he is given zero points.

The scenario displayed in front of the observation point is designed to give the student
training on observing a target area for intelligence information. Students will be given
one unique characteristic defining their target. Each target must also have two
additional unique characteristics that the student will identify. Unique characteristics
may include, but are not limited to: specific piece or color of clothing (ie. red hat),
specific activities (ie. digging a hole), or carrying specific equipment (ie. AK-47).
Scenarios must have at least one target, but may have more which can be divided
amongst the students.

The enemy observation point is defined by the space encompassing the two
observation optics, the 1 meter tall target and the ground creating an 8 meter radius
around each.

Students must shoot within a 180 degree arc of the observation point. The edge of the
180 degree arc is defined by generating a straight line, through the line created by the
front of the two observer optics.

Observation Optics

Observers and Walkers will critique student performances, pointing out the mistakes
made and identifying the proper techniques that should be used after the students have
been processed. All Direction will be taken from the OP; the OP is the control point for
the entire exam.

SUMMARY:
This stalk, observe and report exam will be conducted 2 times for a total of 200 points
toward the students overall course points. It will also serve as field training where they
will apply everything taught in the classroom lessons and receive coaching and
instruction from the instructors after being processed and points are awarded. After
practice stalks and 6 exams the students will have a firm understanding of the tactics,
techniques, procedures and field craft required in stalking.

215
POI 4308 KNOWN DISTANCE SNIPER MARKSMANSHIP EXAM

A. EXAM TITLE:
Known Distance Test
Known Distance Retest

B. EXAM AIM:
The aim of this exam is to measure the shooter and spotter sniper team’s ability
to apply all of the fundamentals of sniper marksmanship and the lessons learned
on environmental conditions, reading trace and application of fire when shooting
and observing from the prone supported position with the aid of telescopic sights.

C. TERMINAL LEARNING OBJECTIVE:

ACTION:
Engage targets with precision fire.
CONDITIONS:
Given a Sniper Weapon System, all related sniper equipment, a field
environment, an observer, and the requirement to engage stationary, snap and
moving targets at known and unknown distances from 200 to 1200 meters
STANDARDS:
 90% first-round hits on stationary targets at ranges of 600 meters.
 50% first-round hits on stationary targets at ranges from 600 to 1200
meters.
 70% first-round hits on moving targets at ranges to 300 meters.
 70% first-round hits on snap targets at ranges to 400 meters.

D. TEST TYPE:
Practical

E. AVAILABLE TIME:
4 Hours Test
4 Hours Retest

F. TRAINING AIDS:
11 “iron maiden” targets (1 meter tall by 0.5 meter wide steel target)
2 Instructor spotting scopes
2 Instructor IR spotting scopes

G. INSTRUCTOR-to-STUDENT RATIO:
1:1

H. EQUIPMENT/MATERIALS TO BE ISSUED:
1 Sniper Weapon System per student
1 Spotting Scope per student

216
 1 Set of Binoculars per student
10 rounds of ammunition per student

I. HANDOUTS FOR STUDENTS:

None

J. STUDENT PREPARATIONS:
Data Book organized and prepared
Bipod or field expedient rifle support prepared
Telescopic sight fixed to rifle and bore sighted

K. STUDENT EQUIPMENT NEEDED:

1 Calculator
1 Sniper Weapon System
1 Set of binoculars
1 spotting scope
Data Book

L. PRE-REQUISITE LESSONS:
Sniper Marksmanship Lesson, Application of Fire Lesson 1, Environmental
Conditions Lesson, Introduction to Ballistic Computer Lesson

M. LESSON USED IN OTHER COURSES:

None

N. SAFETY CLEARANCE:
None

O. SAFETY PRECAUTIONS:
Range Safety Briefing

P. REFERENCE:
POI SOTIC Course Nr. 8313
TC 18-32 Special Forces Sniper

ADMINISTRATIVE DATA

NECESSARY SUPPORT/EQUIPMENT:
2 Instructor Vehicles
4 Student Vehicles
1 Radio per Instructor
1 Radio for Range Safety Officer
1 Radio for Range Guard
1 Radio for the Telephone Safety Guard
2 Instructor Spotting Scopes
2 Instructor IR Spotting Scopes

217
HELPERS:
6 Assistant Instructors
4 Helpers/Drivers (one to Guard the Range barrier, one for Ammo Handler, one Book
writer, one driver to pick up meals from mess hall)

TRAINING FACILITY:
Known Distance Range

EXAM DAY PREPARATIONS:

PREPARATION BEFORE EXAM:

Weapons are drawn from arms room
Ammunition is picked up from bunker
Radios are charged
Range deployment box is prepared
1 Vehicle for instructors is prepositioned
4 Vehicles for students are prepositioned
Range Safety brief is prepared
Brief all instructors on duties, responsibilities and execution
Designate one instructor to run the galleries
Ensure target apparatuses are operational
Ensure targets and markers are prepositioned

PREPARATIONS AT EXAM AREA:

Provide holding area for students waiting to take exam
Provide holding area for students who have already taken exam
Make contact with range control, receive hot time
Issue ammunition to students
Set up Instructor Spotting Scopes

RANGE POC:
Range Control
Range Master

ANNEX/ATTACHMENTS:
None

PRESENTATION

ACTION:
Engage targets with precision fire

CONDITIONS:

218
Given a Sniper Weapon System, all related sniper equipment, a field environment, an
observer, and the requirement to engage stationary targets at distances from 400 to
1200 meters
STANDARDS:
Achieve 70 out of 100 possible points as shooter and spotter.

AGENDA:

1. Range safety brief

2. Brief students the task conditions and standards of the exam
3. Cold bore shot
4. Known distance sniper marksmanship exam
5. Instructor feed back

EXECUTION:

PHASE 1:
Students assemble at the known distance range pre test holding area
Students receive safety briefing and prepare for exam
Instructor explains the aim, outline and scoring procedures of the exam
Instructor gives firing order for exam

PHASE 2:
Sniper team begins the exam by firing 1 cold bore shot at a 10 CM diameter
target. The target will be located at a distance of 200 meters. The team will have
one minute to engage the target. Instructors record hit or miss. A hit is worth 5
bonus points. Both shooters will have a chance to engage the cold bore shot for
a total of 10 points.

PHASE 3:
Sniper team will then begin the exam. The team will be given a range card, 10
rounds and 5 minutes to engage 5 targets. The range card will designate the
target order and the ranges to targets. Students must engage targets in the
order indicated by the range card.

Two targets, at a minimum, will be placed between 400 and 600 meters. Three
additional targets will be placed between 400 and 1200 meters.

Each target is worth 10 points for a total of 50 points. First round hits are worth
10 points; second round hits are worth 5 points. Only one shooter will fire this 5
target set.

PHASE 4:
Sniper team will switch shooter and spotter duties. The team will receive another
range card, 10 rounds and 5 minutes to engage 5 additional targets. The range

219
 card will designate the target order and the ranges to targets. Students must
engage targets in the order indicated by the range card.

Two targets, at a minimum, will be placed between 400 and 600 meters. Three
additional targets will be placed between 400 and 1200 meters.

Each target is worth 10 points for a total of 50 points. First round hits are worth
10 points; second round hits are worth 5 points. Only one shooter will fire this 5
target set.

PHASE 5:
At end of the exam all students are told to cease fire
All weapons are cleared and prepared for transport
All ammunition and brass is turned in
Range is cleaned and prepared for the next day’s training
Instructor feedback

GRADING:

POINTS:
This exam is worth 100 points
This exam is a must pass event with the minimum passing score being 70
Students who fail this exam and pass the retest may only be awarded 70 points

GRADING STANDARDS:
Instructor grade the exam by awarding 10 points to teams who hit targets with a
first round attempt. Five points will be awarded to teams who hit a target with a
second round hit. No more than two rounds may be fired at any target.

Targets engaged out of order will count as a miss. If a team engages the wrong
target, but corrects and hits the proper target with their next round, the team will
be given 5 points for a second round hit. The wrongly engaged target must be
re-engaged by the sniper team at the proper time in order to score points for that
target. The team may still score 10 points for the target.

Individual student scores are equivalent to their team score. Students may
receive up to 50 points for their performance as a shooter and 50 points for their
performance as a spotter. Teams who successfully engage the cold bore shot
will receive an additional 10 bonus points. Students may receive a maximum
score of 110 points.

REMARKS:
Each sniper team consists of two men. For the test these two men will alternate
between roles as shooter and spotter for each 5 target set. Only one shooter will be
allowed to engage the cold bore target for the team.

220
The intent of the exam is to test the sniper team’s ability to engage targets at as many
ranges as possible. Targets, in general, should not be placed at the same ranges for
both shooting lanes. Targets should be placed at conventional data collection ranges.
For example, targets should not be placed at 500, 600, 700, 900 and 1100 meters for a
target set. Targets should be place at random ranges.

Students are authorized to use ballistic data sheets, ballistic computers and
anemometers.

SUMMARY:
The known distance sniper marksmanship exam is designed to measure the student’s
skills in reading wind, taking into consideration environmental factors, applying the
proper formula to achieve first round hits in wind, observing the trace of bullets and
making the proper correction if a shot is a miss. This exam also measures the
communication or sniper dialog skills between shooter and spotter.

221
POI 4309 SNAPS AND MOVERS SNIPER MARKSMANSHIP EXAM

A. EXAM TITLE:
Snaps and Movers Test
Snaps and Movers Retest

B. EXAM AIM:
The aim of this exam is to measure the shooter and spotter sniper team’s ability
to apply all of the fundamentals of Sniper marksmanship and the lessons learned
on meteorological conditions, reading trace and application of fire when shooting
and observing from the prone supported position with the aid of telescopic sights.

C. TERMINAL LEARNING OBJECTIVE:

ACTION:
Engage targets with precision fire.

CONDITIONS:
Given a Sniper Weapon System, all related sniper equipment, a field
environment, an observer, and the requirement to engage stationary, snap and
moving targets at known and unknown distances from 200 to 1200 meters

STANDARDS:
 90% first-round hits on stationary targets at ranges of 600 meters.
 50% first-round hits on stationary targets at ranges from 600 to 1200
meters.
 70% first-round hits on moving targets at ranges to 300 meters.
 70% first-round hits on snap targets at ranges to 400 meters.

D. TEST TYPE:
Practical

E. AVAILABLE TIME:
4 Hours Test
4 Hours Retest

F. TRAINING AIDS:
20 ten ring bulls eye targets
5 Target apparatuses
FBI targets on 3 meter poles
E-type targets cut to 9 inch width on 3 meter poles
Black and white pasties
50 small marking discs
50 medium marking discs
50 large marking discs

222
 3 Instructor spotting scopes

G. INSTRUCTOR-to-STUDENT RATIO:
1:4

H. EQUIPMENT/MATERIALS TO BE ISSUED:
1 Sniper Weapon System per student
1 Spotting Scope per student
1 Set of Binoculars per student
100 rounds of ammunition per student per day

I. HANDOUTS FOR STUDENTS:

None

J. STUDENT PREPARATIONS:
Data Book organized and prepared to begin data collection
Bipod or field expedient rifle support prepared
Telescopic sight fixed to rifle and bore sighted

K. STUDENT EQUIPMENT NEEDED:

1 Calculator
1 Sniper Weapon System
1 Set of binoculars
1 spotting scope
Data Book

L. PRE-REQUISITE LESSONS:
Sniper Marksmanship Lesson, Application of Fire Lesson, Environmental
Conditions Lesson, Application of Fire 2 Lesson

M. LESSON USED IN OTHER COURSES:

None

N. SAFETY CLEARANCE:
None

O. SAFETY PRECAUTIONS:
Range Safety Briefing

P. REFERENCE:
TC 18-32

ADMINISTRATIVE DATA

NECESSARY SUPPORT/EQUIPMENT:
2 Instructor Vehicles

223
4 Student Vehicles
1 Radio per Instructor
1 Radio for Range Safety Officer
1 Radio for Range Guard
1 Radio for the Telephone Safety Guard
4 Instructor Spotting Scopes

HELPERS:
6 Assistant Instructors
4 Helpers/Drivers (one to Guard the Range barrier, one for Ammo Handler, one Book
writer, one driver to pick up meals from mess hall)

TRAINING FACILITY:
Known Distance Range with Galleries

EXAM DAY PREPARATIONS:

PREPARATION BEFORE EXAM:

Weapons are drawn from arms room
Ammunition is picked up from bunker
Radios are charged
Range deployment box is prepared
1 Vehicle for instructors is prepositioned
4 Vehicles for students are prepositioned
Range Safety brief is prepared
Brief all instructors on duties, responsibilities and execution
Designate one instructor to run the galleries
Ensure target apparatuses are operational
Ensure targets and markers are prepositioned

PREPARATIONS AT EXAM AREA:

Divide class into two equal groups
Group A positions online at the 200 meter line
Group B moves to the target galleries
Position gate guard
Make contact with range control, receive hot time
Issue ammunition to students
Set up Instructor Spotting Scopes

RANGE POC:
Range Control
Range Master

ANNEX/ATTACHMENTS:
None

224
PRESENTATION

ACTION:
Engage targets with precision fire

CONDITIONS:
Given a Sniper Weapon System with telescopic sight, all related sniper equipment, a
known distance range, a trained observer, and the requirement to engage moving and
snap targets at distances from 200 to 500 meters from the prone supported position

STANDARDS:
Achieve 70 out of 100 possible points as shooter and spotter team.

AGENDA:

1. Range safety brief

2. Brief students the task conditions and standards of the exam
3. Cold bore shot
4. Known distance sniper marksmanship exam
5. Instructor feed back

EXECUTION:

PHASE 1:
Students assemble at the known distance range
Students are divided into two groups
Group A draws ammunition and moves to the 200 meter firing line
Students are arranged in line with their sniper partner
Group B moves to the target galleries to operate and mark targets
Both Groups receive safety briefing and prepare for exam
Instructor explains the aim and outline of the exam

PHASE 2:
Sniper team begins the exam by firing 1 cold bore shot at a 10 CM diameter
target. The target will be located at a distance of 200 meters. The team will have
one minute to engage the target. Instructors record hit or miss. A hit is worth 5
bonus points. Both shooters will have a chance to engage the cold bore shot for
a total of 10 points.

PHASE 3:
Group A will then begin the exam. Each target exposure is worth one point for a
total of 50 points per shooter. Each shooter will fire these events:
 Engage 7 FBI targets, 5 seconds each, 200 meters (head only)
 Engage 7 moving targets at 200 meters (22 CM wide Target)
 Engage 7 FBI targets, 5 seconds each, at 300 meters (head only)
 Engage 7 moving targets at 300 meters (22 CM wide Target)

225
  Engage 6 FBI targets, 5 seconds each at 400 meters (elbows and up, no
arms)
 Engage 6 moving targets at 400 meters (22 CM wide Target)
 Engage 5 FBI targets, 5 seconds each at 500 meters (bottom of bowling
pin and up, no arms)
 Engage 5 moving targets at 500 meters (22 CM wide target)

PHASE 4:
After Group A has finished the exam, groups A and B will switch. Group B will
draw ammunition and move to the 200 meter line and group A will move into the
galleries to operate targets. Phases 1, 2 and 3 are then repeated for group B

PHASE 5:
At end of the exam all students are told to cease fire
All weapons are cleared and prepared for transport
All ammunition and brass is turned in
Range is cleaned and prepared for the next day’s training
Instructor feedback

GRADING:

POINTS:
This exam is worth 100 points
This exam is a must pass event with the minimum passing score being 70
Students who fail this exam and pass the retest may only be awarded 70 points

GRADING STANDARDS:
Instructor grades the exam by awarding the sniper team one point per hit, in the
designated area, per target exposure. Only one shot may be taken per target
exposure. Impacts on target outside the designated scoring area will count as
misses.

A hit on any portion of a moving target during an exposure is worth one point at
all ranges. Targets will move at a 90 degree angle to the shooter, across the
designated firing lane, at a normal walking pace.

Snap exposures at 200 and 300 meters are scored only with a hit to the FBI
targets head. The head is defined by drawing a straight line across the target
where the shoulders protrude out. Any impact hitting this line, or above it, is
worth one point per exposure. Snap targets will be exposed for 5 seconds. Each
exposure will occur at a different location within the designated firing lane.

Snap exposures at 400 meters are scored with a hit to the FBI targets head and
body above the “elbow” and not including the arms. This area of the target is
defined by drawing a straight line, horizontally across the target where the
“elbow” protrudes out. An impact on or above this line, to include the head but

226
 not the arms of the target, is worth one point per exposure. Snap targets will be
exposed for 5 seconds. Each exposure will occur at a different location within
the designated firing lane.

Snap exposures at 500 meters are scored with a hit to the FBI targets head and
body above the “bowling pin” and not including the arms. This area of the target
is defined by drawing a straight line, horizontally across the target at the lowest
point of the “bowling pin.” An impact on or above this line, to include the head
but not the arms of the target, is worth one point per exposure. Snap targets will
be exposed for 5 seconds. Each exposure will occur at a different location within
the designated firing lane.

Individual student scores are comprised of their team score. Students may
receive up to 50 points for their performance as a shooter and 50 points for their
performance as a spotter. Teams who successfully engage the cold bore shot
will receive an additional 10 bonus points. Students may receive a maximum
score of 110 points.

REMARKS:
Each sniper team consists of two men. Throughout the test these two men will alternate
between roles as shooter and spotter and will both fire on each tested event. For
example, they begin at 200 meters with the first shooter firing his snaps and movers
while the other man performs the role of spotter. He fires 7 times at the 5 second
targets and 7 times at the moving targets. After firing the 7 moving targets the shooter
and spotter will switch roles and the second shooter will fire the same events.

The FBI targets used for training and the test have rings within the head and body.
Points for each shot will be awarded according to where the round impacts in relation to
these rings.

Each of the two students from the sniper team will fire the test for a grand total of 100
points plus 10 possible bonus points for the cold bore shots. The team’s grand total
score will be a combination of each of their shooting scores. Each of the two students
in a sniper team will receive the same score in the Known Distance Marksmanship
Exam.

SUMMARY:
The sniper marksmanship exam is designed to measure the student’s skills in reading
wind, taking into consideration environmental factors, applying the proper formula to
achieve first round hits in wind, observing the trace of bullets and making the proper
correction if a shot is a miss. This exam also measures the skills necessary for hitting
moving targets and the communication or sniper dialog between shooter and spotter.

227
POI 4310 UNKNOWN DISTANCE SNIPER MARKSMANSHIP EXAM

A. EXAM TITLE:
Unknown Distance Test
Unknown Distance Retest

B. EXAM AIM:
The aim of this exam is to measure the shooter and spotter sniper team’s ability
to apply all of the fundamentals of range estimation, sniper marksmanship and
the lessons learned on environmental conditions, reading trace and application of
fire when shooting and observing from the prone supported position with the aid
of telescopic sights.

C. TERMINAL LEARNING OBJECTIVE:

ACTION:
Engage targets with precision fire.
CONDITIONS:
Given a Sniper Weapon System, all related sniper equipment, a field
environment, an observer, and the requirement to engage stationary, snap and
moving targets at known and unknown distances from 200 to 1200 meters
STANDARDS:
 90% first-round hits on stationary targets at ranges of 600 meters.
 50% first-round hits on stationary targets at ranges from 600 to 1200
meters.
 70% first-round hits on moving targets at ranges to 300 meters.
 70% first-round hits on snap targets at ranges to 400 meters.

D. TEST TYPE:
Practical

E. AVAILABLE TIME:
4 Hours Test
4 Hours Retest

F. TRAINING AIDS:
15 “iron maiden” steel targets (1 meter tall by 0.5 meter wide steel target)
2 Instructor spotting scopes
2 Instructor IR spotting scopes

G. INSTRUCTOR-to-STUDENT RATIO:
1:4

H. EQUIPMENT/MATERIALS TO BE ISSUED:
1 Sniper Weapon System per student

228
 1 Spotting Scope per student
1 Set of Binoculars per student
10 rounds of ammunition per student

I. HANDOUTS FOR STUDENTS:

None

J. STUDENT PREPARATIONS:
Data Book organized and prepared
Bipod or field expedient rifle support prepared
Telescopic sight fixed to rifle and bore sighted

K. STUDENT EQUIPMENT NEEDED:

1 Calculator
1 Sniper Weapon System
1 Set of binoculars
1 spotting scope
Data Book

L. PRE-REQUISITE LESSONS:
Sniper Marksmanship Lesson, Application of Fire Lesson, Environmental
Conditions Lesson, Introduction to Ballistic Computer Lesson

M. LESSON USED IN OTHER COURSES:

None

N. SAFETY CLEARANCE:
None

O. SAFETY PRECAUTIONS:
Range Safety Briefing

P. REFERENCE:
POI SOTIC Course Nr. 8313
TC 18-32 Special Forces Sniper

ADMINISTRATIVE DATA

NECESSARY SUPPORT/EQUIPMENT:
2 Instructor Vehicles
4 Student Vehicles
1 Radio per Instructor
1 Radio for Range Safety Officer
1 Radio for Range Guard
1 Radio for the Telephone Safety Guard
2 Instructor Spotting Scopes

229
2 Instructor IR Spotting Scopes

HELPERS:
6 Assistant Instructors
4 Helpers/Drivers (one to Guard the Range barrier, one for Ammo Handler, one Book
writer, one driver to pick up meals from mess hall)

TRAINING FACILITY:
Known Distance Range

EXAM DAY PREPARATIONS:

PREPARATION BEFORE EXAM:

Weapons are drawn from arms room
Ammunition is picked up from bunker
Radios are charged
Range deployment box is prepared
1 Vehicle for instructors is prepositioned
4 Vehicles for students are prepositioned
Range Safety brief is prepared
Brief all instructors on duties, responsibilities and execution
Designate one instructor to run the galleries
Ensure target apparatuses are operational
Ensure targets and markers are prepositioned

PREPARATIONS AT EXAM AREA:

Provide holding area for students waiting to take exam
Provide holding area for students who have already taken exam
Make contact with range control, receive hot time
Issue ammunition to students
Set up Instructor Spotting Scopes

RANGE POC:
Range Control
Range Master

ANNEX/ATTACHMENTS:
None

PRESENTATION

ACTION:
Engage targets with precision fire

CONDITIONS:

230
Given a Sniper Weapon System, all related sniper equipment, a field environment, an
observer, and the requirement to engage unknown distance targets from 400 to 1200
meters
STANDARDS:
Achieve 70 out of 100 possible points as shooter and spotter.

AGENDA:

1. Range safety brief

2. Brief students the task conditions and standards of the exam
3. Cold bore shot
4. Known distance sniper marksmanship exam
5. Instructor feed back

EXECUTION:

PHASE 1:
Students assemble at the known distance range pre test holding area
Students receive safety briefing and prepare for exam
Instructor explains the aim, outline and scoring procedures of the exam
Instructor gives firing order for exam

PHASE 2:
Sniper team begins the exam by firing 1 cold bore shot at a 10 CM diameter
target. The target will be located at a distance of 200 meters. The team will have
one minute to engage the target. Instructors record hit or miss. A hit is worth 5
bonus points. Both shooters will have a chance to engage the cold bore shot for
a total of 10 points.

PHASE 3:
Sniper team will then begin the exam. The team will be given a range card, 10
rounds and 8 minutes to engage 5 targets. The range card will designate the
target order. Students must engage targets in the order indicated by the range
card.

Two targets, at a minimum, will be placed between 400 and 600 meters. Three
additional targets will be placed between 400 and 1200 meters.

Each target is worth 10 points for a total of 50 points. First round hits are worth
10 points; second round hits are worth 5 points. Only one shooter will fire this 5
target set.

PHASE 4:
Sniper team will switch shooter and spotter duties. The team will receive another
range card, 10 rounds and 8 minutes to engage 5 additional targets. The range

231
 card will designate the target order. Students must engage targets in the order
indicated by the range card.

Two targets, at a minimum, will be placed between 400 and 600 meters. Three
additional targets will be placed between 400 and 1200 meters.

Each target is worth 10 points for a total of 50 points. First round hits are worth
10 points; second round hits are worth 5 points. Only one shooter will fire this 5
target set.

PHASE 5:
At end of the exam all students are told to cease fire
All weapons are cleared and prepared for transport
All ammunition and brass is turned in
Range is cleaned and prepared for the next day’s training
Instructor feedback

GRADING:

POINTS:
This exam is worth 100 points
This exam is a must pass event with the minimum passing score being 70
Students who fail this exam and pass the retest may only be awarded 70 points

GRADING STANDARDS:
Instructor grade the exam by awarding 10 points to teams who hit targets with a
first round attempt. Five points will be awarded to teams who hit a target with a
second round hit. No more than two rounds may be fired at any target.

Targets engaged out of order will count as a miss. If a team engages the wrong
target, but corrects and hits the proper target with their next round, the team will
be given 5 points for a second round hit. The wrongly engaged target must be
re-engaged by the sniper team at the proper time in order to score points for that
target. The team may still score 10 points for the target.

Individual student scores are equivalent to their team score. Students may
receive up to 50 points for their performance as a shooter and 50 points for their
performance as a spotter. Teams who successfully engage the cold bore shot
will receive an additional 10 bonus points. Students may receive a maximum
score of 110 points.

REMARKS:
Each sniper team consists of two men. For the test these two men will alternate
between roles as shooter and spotter for each 5 target set. Only one shooter will be
allowed to engage the cold bore target for the team.

232
The intent of the exam is to test the sniper team’s ability to engage targets at as many
ranges as possible. Targets, in general, should not be placed at the same ranges for
both shooting lanes. Targets should be placed at conventional data collection ranges.
For example, targets should not be placed at 500, 600, 700, 900 and 1100 meters for a
target set. Targets should be place at random ranges.

Students are authorized to use ballistic data sheets, ballistic computers and
anemometers.

SUMMARY:
The unknown distance sniper marksmanship exam is designed to measure the
student’s skills in measuring the size of a target, applying the mil relation formula,
reading wind, taking into consideration environmental factors, applying the proper
formula to achieve first round hits in wind, observing the trace of bullets and making the
proper correction if a shot is a miss. This exam also measures the communication or
sniper dialog skills between shooter and spotter.

233
POI 4311 NIGHT MARKSMANSHIP EXAM

A. EXAM TITLE:
Night Marksmanship Exam Test
Night Marksmanship Exam Retest

B. EXAM AIM:
The aim of this exam is to measure the shooter and spotter sniper team’s ability
to apply all of the fundamentals of Sniper marksmanship and the lessons learned
on meteorological conditions, reading trace and application of fire when shooting
and observing from the prone supported position with the aid of telescopic sights
in low light conditions.

C. TERMINAL LEARNING OBJECTIVE:

ACTION:
Engage targets with precision fire

CONDITIONS:
Given a Sniper Weapon System, all related sniper equipment, a field
environment, an observer, and the requirement to engage stationary, snap and
moving targets at known and unknown distances from 200 to 1200 meters

STANDARDS:
 90% first-round hits on stationary targets at ranges of 600 meters.
 50% first-round hits on stationary targets at ranges from 600 to 1200
meters.
 70% first-round hits on moving targets at ranges to 300 meters.
 70% first-round hits on snap targets at ranges to 400 meters.
.
D. TEST TYPE:
Practical

E. AVAILABLE TIME:
4 Hours Test
4 Hours Retest

F. TRAINING AIDS:
15 “iron maiden” steel targets (1 meter tall by 0.5 meter wide steel target)
20 ten ring bulls eye targets
5 Target apparatuses
FBI targets on 3 meter poles
E-type targets cut to 22 CM wide on 3 meter poles
Black and white pasties
50 small marking discs

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 50 medium marking discs
50 large marking discs
4 Instructor spotting scopes
2 Instructor IR/Thermal spotting scopes

G. INSTRUCTOR-to-STUDENT RATIO:
1:1

H. EQUIPMENT/MATERIALS TO BE ISSUED:
1 Sniper Weapon System per student
1 Spotting Scope per student
1 Set of Binoculars per student
100 rounds of ammunition per student per day

I. HANDOUTS FOR STUDENTS:

None

J. STUDENT PREPARATIONS:
Data Book organized and prepared to begin data collection
Bipod or field expedient rifle support prepared
Telescopic sight fixed to rifle and bore sighted

K. STUDENT EQUIPMENT NEEDED:

1 Calculator
1 Sniper Weapon System
1 Set of binoculars
1 spotting scope
Data Book

L. PRE-REQUISITE LESSONS:
Sniper Marksmanship Lesson, Application of Fire Lesson, Environmental
Conditions Lesson, Application of Fire 2 Lesson

M. LESSON USED IN OTHER COURSES:

None

N. SAFETY CLEARANCE:
None

O. SAFETY PRECAUTIONS:
Range Safety Briefing

P. REFERENCE:
TC 18-32

ADMINISTRATIVE DATA

235
NECESSARY SUPPORT/EQUIPMENT:
2 Instructor Vehicles
4 Student Vehicles
1 Radio per Instructor
1 Radio for Range Safety Officer
1 Radio for Range Guard
1 Radio for the Telephone Safety Guard
4 Instructor Spotting Scopes

HELPERS:
6 Assistant Instructors
4 Helpers/Drivers (one to Guard the Range barrier, one for Ammo Handler, one Book
writer, one driver to pick up meals from mess hall)

TRAINING FACILITY:
Known Distance Range with Galleries & Unknown distance range in close proximity

EXAM DAY PREPARATIONS:

PREPARATION BEFORE EXAM:

Weapons are drawn from arms room
Ammunition is picked up from bunker
Radios are charged
Range deployment box is prepared
1 Vehicle for instructors is prepositioned
4 Vehicles for students are prepositioned
Range Safety brief is prepared
Brief all instructors on duties, responsibilities and execution
Designate one instructor to run the galleries
Ensure target apparatuses are operational
Ensure targets and markers are prepositioned

PREPARATIONS AT EXAM AREA:

Divide class into two equal groups
Group A moves to the unknown distance range
Group B moves to the known distance range
 Half of group B positions online at the 200 meter line
 Half of group B moves to the target galleries
Position gate guard
Make contact with range control, receive hot time
Issue ammunition to students
Set up Instructor Spotting Scopes

RANGE POC:
Range Control

236
 Range Master

ANNEX/ATTACHMENTS:
None

PRESENTATION

ACTION:
Engage targets with precision fire

CONDITIONS:
Given a Sniper Weapon System, all related sniper equipment, a field environment, a
trained observer, and the requirement to:
 Engage moving and snap at distances of 200 and 300 meters
 Engage unknown distance targets at distances from 200 to 800 meters

STANDARDS:
Achieve 70 out of 100 possible points as shooter and spotter team.

AGENDA:

1. Range safety brief

2. Brief students the task conditions and standards of the exam
3. Cold bore shot
4. Known distance sniper marksmanship exam
5. Instructor feed back

EXECUTION:

PHASE 1:
Divide class into two equal groups
Group A moves to the unknown distance range
Group B moves to the known distance range
 Half of group B positions online at the 200 meter line
 Half of group B moves to the target galleries
Position gate guard
Make contact with range control, receive hot time
Issue ammunition to students
Set up Instructor Spotting Scopes

PHASE 2 (SNAPS AND MOVERS)

SNAPS AND MOVERS PHASE 1:

Students assemble at the known distance range
Students are divided into two groups
Group A draws ammunition and moves to the 200 meter firing line

237
 Students are arranged in line with their sniper partner
Group B moves to the target galleries to operate and mark targets
Both Groups receive safety briefing and prepare for exam
Instructor explains the aim and outline of the exam

SNAPS AND MOVERS PHASE 2:

Group A will then begin the exam. Each target exposure is worth one
point for a total of 15 points per shooter. Each shooter will fire these
events:
 Engage 3 FBI targets, 5 seconds each, 200 meters
 Engage 5 moving targets at 200 meters (22 CM wide Target)
 Engage 2 FBI targets, 5 seconds each, at 300 meters
 Engage 5 moving targets at 300 meters (22 CM wide Target)

SNAPS AND MOVERS PHASE 3:

After Group A has finished the exam, groups A and B will switch. Group B
will draw ammunition and move to the 200 meter line and group A will
move into the galleries to operate targets. Phases 1, 2 and 3 are then
repeated for group B.

PHASE 3 (UNKNOWN DISTANCE)

UNKNOWN DISTANCE PHASE 1:

Students assemble at the known distance range pre test holding area
Students receive safety briefing and prepare for exam
Instructor explains the aim, outline and scoring procedures of the exam
Instructor gives firing order for exam

UNKNOWN DISTANCE PHASE 2:

Sniper team will then begin the exam. The team will be given a range
card, 10 rounds and 10 minutes to engage 5 targets. The range card will
designate the target order. Students must engage targets in the order
indicated by the range card.

Two targets, at a minimum, will be placed between 200 and 400 meters.
Three additional targets will be placed between 400 and 800 meters.

Each target is worth 2 points for a total of 10 points. First round hits are
worth 2 points; second round hits are worth 1 points. Only one shooter
will fire this 5 target set.

UNKNOWN DISTANCE PHASE 3:

Sniper team will switch shooter and spotter duties. The team will receive
another range card designated a different 5 target set and engage targets
in the same manner as directed in Phase 2

238
 PHASE 4:
A once group A has finished the snaps and movers portion of the exam and
group B has finished the unknown distance portion of the exam they will change
firing ranges. Group B will then take the snaps and movers portion of the exam
and group A will take the unknown distance portion of the exam.

PHASE 5:
At end of the exam all students are told to cease fire
All weapons are cleared and prepared for transport
All ammunition and brass is turned in
Range is cleaned and prepared for the next day’s training
Instructor feedback

GRADING:

POINTS:
This exam is worth 50 points
This exam is a must pass event with the minimum passing score being 70
Students who fail this exam and pass the retest may only be awarded 70 points

GRADING STANDARDS:
Instructor grades the exam in two separate portions: unknown distance and
snaps and movers.

For the snaps and movers portion instructors award the sniper team one point
per hit, in the designated area, per target exposure. Only one shot may be taken
per target exposure. Impacts on target outside the designated scoring area will
count as misses. A hit on any portion of any target during an exposure is worth
one point at all ranges. Moving targets will move across the designated range
area at a normal walking pace.

For the unknown distance portion of the exam instructor will award 2 points to
teams who hit targets with a first round attempt. One point will be awarded to
teams who hit a target with a second round hit. No more than two rounds may
be fired at any target.

Targets engaged out of order on the unknown distance portion will count as a
miss. If a team engages the wrong target, but corrects and hits the proper target
with their next round, the team will be given one point for a second round hit.
The wrongly engaged target must be re-engaged by the sniper team at the
proper time in order to score points for that target. The team may still score 2
points for the target.

Individual student scores are equivalent to their team score. Students may
receive up to 25 points for their performance as a shooter and 25 points for their
performance as a spotter. Students may receive a maximum score of 50 points.

239
REMARKS:
Each sniper team consists of two men. Throughout the test these two men will alternate
between roles as shooter and spotter and will both fire on each tested event. For
example, they begin at 200 meters with the first shooter firing his snaps and movers
while the other man performs the role of spotter. He fires 3 times at the 5 second
targets and 7 times at the moving targets. After firing the 5 moving targets the shooter
and spotter will switch roles and the second shooter will fire the same events.

Each of the two students from the sniper team will fire the test for a grand total of 50
points. The team’s grand total score will be a combination of each of their shooting
scores. Each of the two students in a sniper team will receive the same score in the
Night Marksmanship Exam.

SUMMARY:
The sniper marksmanship exam is designed to measure the student’s skills in reading
wind, taking into consideration environmental factors, applying the proper formula to
achieve first round hits in wind, observing the trace of bullets and making the proper
correction if a shot is a miss in low light conditions. This exam also measures the skills
necessary for hitting moving targets and the communication or sniper dialog between
shooter and spotter.

240
POI 4312 STRESS SHOOT EXAM

A. EXAM TITLE:
Stress Shoot Exam

B. LESSON AIM:
Provide a stress shooting competition in to enable students to combine all the
skills learned during the course and use them during a planned shooting event.

C. TERMINAL LEARNING OBJECTIVE:

TLO #2:
Infiltrate into a target area undetected

TLO #3:
Observe a target area

TLO #4:
Engage targets with precision fire

D. TEST:
None

E. TYPE OF INSTRUCTION:
Practical

F. AVAILABLE TIME:
8 Hours Test

G. TRAINING AIDS:
Barriers
Target Identification Cards
Sniper Booklet
Cameras
Rulers
Route Markers

H. INSTRUCTOR-to-STUDENT RATIO:
Exercise: 2:1

I. EQUIPMENT/MATERIALS TO BE ISSUED:
None

J. HANDOUTS FOR STUDENTS:

None

241
K. STUDENT PREPARATIONS:
Data Book organized and prepared
Bipod or field expedient rifle support prepared
Telescopic sight fixed to rifle and bore sighted

L. STUDENT EQUIPMENT NEEDED:

1 Calculator
1 Sniper Weapon System
1 Set of binoculars
1 spotting scope
Data Book

M. PRE-REQUISITE LESSONS:
Sniper Marksmanship Lesson, Application of Fire Lesson, Environmental
Conditions Lesson, Introduction to Ballistic Computer Lesson

N. LESSON USED IN OTHER COURSES:

None

O. SAFETY CLEARANCE:
None.

P. SAFETY PRECAUTIONS:
Range Safety Briefing
Brief students on safety conduct during the stress shoot event
Ensure students place weapon on safe while moving from position to position

Q. REFERENCE:
None

ADMINISTRATIVE DATA

NECESSARY SUPPORT/EQUIPMENT:
2 Instructor Vehicles
4 Student Vehicles
1 Radio per Instructor
1 Radio for Range Safety Officer
1 Radio for Range Guard
1 Radio for the Telephone Safety Guard

HELPERS:
1x Gate Guard
1x Target operator

TRAINING FACILITY:
Sniper Range with barricades, obstacles and buildings

242
EXAM DAY PREPARATIONS:

PREPARATION BEFORE EXAM:

Weapons are drawn from arms room
Ammunition is picked up from bunker
Radios are charged
Range deployment box is prepared
1 Vehicle for instructors is prepositioned
4 Vehicles for students are prepositioned
Range Safety brief is prepared
Brief all instructors on duties, responsibilities and execution
Ensure targets and markers are prepositioned

PREPARATIONS AT EXAM AREA:

Provide holding area for students waiting to take exam
Provide holding area for students who have already taken exam
Make contact with range control, receive hot time
Issue ammunition to students
Set up Instructor Spotting Scopes

RANGE POC:
Range Control
Range Master

ANNEX/ATTACHMENTS:

PRESENTATION

ACTION:
Engage targets with precision fire from multiple positions and shooting platforms

CONDITIONS:
Given your assigned SWS, all necessary equipment and your partner, navigate a
preplanned route.

STANDARDS:
Engage targets from various positions as they are presented to you and progress
through the shooting lane until all targets have been engaged in the prescribed time
achieving a minimum 35 out of 50 points.

AGENDA:

1. Range safety brief

2. Brief students the task conditions and standards of the exam
3. Stress test exam

243
 4. Instructor feed back

EXECUTION:
PHASE 1:
Set up and brief assistant instructors on scenario/route for stress shoot

PHASE 2:
Brief student teams on scenario and choose firing order for teams

PHASE 3:
Position instructors at necessary locations

PHASE 4:
Launch first team to conduct stress shoot

PHASE 5:
Continue running teams through event until complete

PHASE 6:
At end of the exam all students are told to cease fire
All weapons are cleared and prepared for transport
All ammunition and brass is turned in
Range is cleaned and prepared for the next day’s training
Instructor feedback

GRADING:
At the conclusion of the event the lead instructor will tally all scores and present results
to the students.

SUMMARY:
The stress test exam is designed to measure the student’s skills in reading wind, taking
into consideration environmental factors, applying the proper formula to achieve first
round hits in wind, observing the trace of bullets and making the proper correction if a
shot is a miss under combat conditions. Combat conditions are created by moving
through a pre planned route at a stressful pace while engaging targets at ranges from
80 – 800 meters from various positions as they are presented. This exam also
measures the communication or sniper dialog skills between shooter and spotter.

244
POI 4313 SNIPER MISSION EXAM

A. EXAM TITLE:
Sniper Mission

B. EXAM AIM:
The aim of this exam is to measure the student’s abilities in all aspects regarding
the conduct of a sniper mission. The students as a sniper team will be evaluated
in all four TLOs taught throughout the course during this mission.

C. TERMINAL LEARNING OBJECTIVE:

TLO #1:
Plan a sniper mission

TLO #2:
Infiltrate into a target area undetected

TLO #3:
Observe a target area

TLO #4:
Engage targets with precision fire

D. TYPE OF EXAM:
Practical

E. AVAILABLE TIME:
24 - 96 Hours

F. TRAINING AIDS:
2 sets of Binoculars
2 Laser Range Finders
1 Table
6 Radios
4 Orange Vests
4 Yellow Procedure Cards
1 Set of Identification Letters
24 Student Maps
Stalk Assessment Sheets
1 Vehicle for the OP
1 Water Can
1 Machine Gun with blanks
9 Assault rifles with blanks
10 grenade simulators
20 Parachute flares

245
 20 Smoke grenades
10 Trip flares

G. INSTRUCTOR-to-STUDENT RATIO:
1:4

H. EQUIPMENT/MATERIALS TO BE ISSUED:
Stalk Maps
Blank Ammunition
Imagery
Intelligence
Mission statement
Commander’s intent

I. HANDOUTS FOR STUDENTS:

Class Handout

J. STUDENT PREPARATIONS:
Students are given 1 hour to plan and prepare after receiving their mission.

K. STUDENT EQUIPMENT NEEDED:

Ghillie suit
Sniper Weapon System
Compass
Note book
Pencil
Binoculars
Face paint
2 quarts water
Wrist watch
Rucksack
Hide Site Construction Materials

L. PRE-REQUISITE LESSONS:
All lessons taught in the course

M. LESSON USED IN OTHER COURSES:

None

N. SAFETY CLEARANCE:
None

O. SAFETY PRECAUTIONS:
Mission Safety Briefing

P. REFERENCE:

246
 TC 18-32 Special Forces Sniper Training and Employment (2003)
The Ultimate Sniper (Revised Edition) by MAJ John Plaster, USAR (RET.) (2006)
Illustrated Manual of Sniper Skills by Mark Spicer (2006)

ADMINISTRATIVE DATA

NECESSARY SUPPORT/EQUIPMENT:
1 Instructor Vehicle
4 Student Vehicles
Blank ammunition

HELPERS:
5 Assistant Instructors
4 Vehicle Drivers
10 Opposing Force

TRAINING FACILITY:
Designated training area

TRAINING DAY PREPARATIONS:

PREPARATION BEFORE TRAINING:

Training area requested
Instructors have been briefed on responsibilities
Draw Sniper Weapon and equipment from arms room
Stalk deployment box is prepared
Radios charged and loaded in stalk box
1 Vehicle for instructors is prepositioned
4 Vehicles for students are prepositioned
Mission brief is prepared
Intelligence is prepared
Brief OPFOR

PREPARATIONS AT TRAINING AREA:

Set up target area
Prepare 4 instructors to be walkers in orange vests
Issue blank ammunition to students and instructors
Issue live ammunition to instructors

RANGE POC:
Range Control

ANNEX/ATTACHMENTS:
None

EXAM

247
ACTION:
Conduct sniper operation

CONDITIONS:
Given the weapons and equipment for conducting sniper operations, a simulated denied
area designated for combat operations, a hostile enemy target, a map of the area and
pertinent intelligence

STANDARDS:
Plan and conduct a sniper operation in accordance with the fundamentals of mission
planning. Infiltrate into target area undetected. Identify target. Observe the target area
and gather all pertinent intelligence. Eliminate target with precision fire and exfiltrate
undetected. Students must achieve 105 out of a possible 150 points.

AGENDA:

1. Students assemble at the planning area

2. Brief students the task conditions and standards of the exam
3. Students begin mission planning
4. Students conduct sniper mission
5. Instructor feed back

EXECUTION:

PHASE 1:
Students assemble in the planning area
Students are given a mission brief, commander’s intent, and intelligence
Students are given a predetermined amount of time for mission planning and
preparation

PHASE 2:
Students infiltrate to the target area based on their mission plan
Students identify the target location
Students stalk to a selected FFP
According to their mission students take their first blank shot

PHASE 3:
Student is processed (same as a stalk exam):
An Instructor will move within 5m of the sniper
If undetected students will identify the NATO letter
If undetected, student will take their second blank shot
If undetected students will state their range to the target
Walkers will check the scope settings on the rifle
Students are evaluated using the stalking exercise score sheet
Students are told to stay in position

248
 PHASE 4:
After all student sniper teams have had the stalk portion of the mission
processed and graded all OPFOR and instructors down range at the target area
will be withdrawn and replaced with personnel targets.

PHASE 5:
After ensuring that the target area is clear of personnel an instructor will issue
two live rounds to the sniper team which is closest to the target
The first sniper team will be given two minutes to engage the target.
After engaging the target the instructor will record the results, collect any live
ammunition left and tell the sniper team to begin exfiltration.

PHASE 6:
After the first sniper team has begun exfiltration and they have cleared the area
the next closest sniper team will be issued live ammunition and the live fire
process will begin for them. This process will continue until all sniper teams have
executed the live fire portion of the sniper mission and begun exfiltration.

PHASE 7:
After all students have completed exfiltration to their designated pickup spots
they will be extracted back to the planning area. After all instructors have
returned, instructors will perform an AAR.

GRADING:

POINTS:
Sniper Mission Exam is worth 150 points toward the students overall course
grade:
 10 possible points awarded for the mission planning portion (instructor’s
discretion)
 50 possible points awarded for the stalk process. Students will be graded
as on a normal stalk; all point values will be doubled.
 50 possible points for marksmanship with a first round hit worth the full 50
points, second round hit worth 25 points and 0 points if students miss with
both rounds.
 40 possible points awarded for observe and report products (reports and
observation log, range card and panoramic sketches)

Sniper mission exam is a team event. Students will be put into groups of 4—a
sniper cell—for the Sniper Mission Exam. Each student in a sniper cell will all
receive the same grade for the Sniper Mission Exam.

GRADING STANDARDS:
The planning process is worth 10 points. Points will be deducted for:
 1 point for missing contingencies

249
  1 point for not have alternate and primary routes
 1 point for missing enemy situation
 1 point for poor medical plan
 1 point for poor communications plan
 1 point for missing observation plan
 1 point for missing reconnaissance plan
 1 point for missing logistics plan
 1 point for order format
 1 point for professional presentation

Sniper teams will be processed in the same manner as a normal stalk after firing
their first blank shot. All stalk points and deductions will be worth double, for a
total of 50 points.

The final shot will be graded as hit or miss. A first round hit anywhere on the
target will be worth 50 points; a second round hit will be worth 25. Zero points
will be awarded for a miss.

10 points may be awarded for the sniper team’s observation log. 1 point will be
deducted for events near the objective which do not appear, or have incomplete
data, on the observation log.

10 points may be awarded for the sniper team’s range card. Points will be
deducted for:
 1 point for no north seeking arrow
 1 point for missing field of view arc azimuths
 2 point for missing or insufficient target reference points
 1 point for not having team administrative data
 1 point for not having sniper team grid coordinate location
 2 points for insufficient sketch
 2 point missing for missing ranges to target reference points

10 points may be awarded for each of the team’s panoramic sketches. The team
will create a minimum of 2 panoramic sketches. Each sketch must be drawn
from a different vantage point, displaying a different “side” of the objective.
Points will be deducted for:
 2 point for no north seeking arrow
 1 point for not having team administrative data
 1 point for not labelling the objective “side”
 2 point for not having observer grid coordinate location
 4 points for insufficient sketch quality

No sniper team may receive less than zero points for any event or product during
the Sniper Mission Exam.

250
REMARKS:
Only one student per sniper cell will take the final shot. The score for the final shot will
be the same for all students in the sniper cell. Students in the sniper cell will decide
among themselves who will shoot.

SUMMARY:
After this final sniper mission students will be proficient in all of the skills, tactics,
techniques, procedures and field craft required to conduct sniper missions and if having
met all course graduation standards will be fully operational snipers.

251
POI 4314 WRITTEN EXAM

A. EXAM TITLE:
End of Course Written Exam

B. EXAM AIM:
The aim of this exam is to measure the student’s knowledge regarding everything
he has been taught in the Sniper Course.

C. TERMINAL LEARNING OBJECTIVE:

TLO #1:
Plan a sniper mission

TLO #2:
Infiltrate into a target area undetected

TLO #3:
Observe a target area

TLO #4:
Engage targets with precision fire

D. TYPE OF EXAM:
Written

E. AVAILABLE TIME:
1 Hour

F. TRAINING AIDS:
None

G. INSTRUCTOR-to-STUDENT RATIO:
1:4

H. EQUIPMENT/MATERIALS TO BE ISSUED:
1 Pencil per student
1 Test booklet per student
1 Answer sheet per student

I. HANDOUTS FOR STUDENTS:

None

J. STUDENT PREPARATIONS:
None

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K. STUDENT EQUIPMENT NEEDED:
None

L. PRE-REQUISITE LESSONS:
All Lessons taught in the course

M. LESSON USED IN OTHER COURSES:

None

N. SAFETY CLEARANCE:
None

O. SAFETY PRECAUTIONS:
None

P. REFERENCE:
None

ADMINISTRATIVE DATA

NECESSARY SUPPORT/EQUIPMENT:
None

HELPERS:
1 Assistant Instructor

TRAINING FACILITY:
Classroom

TRAINING DAY PREPARATIONS:

PREPARATION BEFORE TRAINING:

Ensure classroom is prepared

PREPARATIONS AT TRAINING AREA:

Hand out test booklets, pencils and answer sheets

RANGE POC:
None

ANNEX/ATTACHMENTS:
None

EXAM

ACTION:

253
Demonstrate theoretical knowledge of all material covered in the sniper course

CONDITIONS:
Given a pencil, grade sheet, and test booklet

STANDARDS:
Pass the end of course written exam with at least a 70% score

AGENDA:

1. Students assemble at the Sniper Branch classroom

2. Brief students the task conditions and standards of the exam
3. Conduct exam
4. Instructor feed back

EXECUTION:

PHASE 1:
Students assemble in the classroom
Students are given a briefing on how the test is conducted

PHASE 2:
Instructor administers the test

PHASE 3:
Instructor collects all tests
Instructor grades all tests
Tests are then regarded by the assistant instructor
Instructor reports the results

GRADING:

POINTS:
The written exam is worth 50 points toward the students course score

GRADING STANDARDS:
The test has 50 questions and each question is worth 1 point. Instructor awards
100 points to students who answer all questions correctly and deducts 1 point for
each question that is wrong. The test is not a must pass event.

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POI 4315 SNIPER DIALOGUE EXAM

A. EXAM TITLE:
Sniper Dialogue Exam

B. EXAM AIM:
The aim of this exam is to measure the student’s ability to properly communicate
with his sniper partner.

C. TERMINAL LEARNING OBJECTIVE:

TLO #3:
Observe a target area

TLO #4:
Engage targets with precision fire

D. TYPE OF EXAM:
Pracitcal

E. AVAILABLE TIME:
1 Hour

F. TRAINING AIDS:
None

G. INSTRUCTOR-to-STUDENT RATIO:
1:4

H. EQUIPMENT/MATERIALS TO BE ISSUED:
1 Pencil per student
1 Test booklet per student
1 Answer sheet per student

I. HANDOUTS FOR STUDENTS:

None

J. STUDENT PREPARATIONS:
None

K. STUDENT EQUIPMENT NEEDED:

None

L. PRE-REQUISITE LESSONS:
All Lessons taught in the course

255
M. LESSON USED IN OTHER COURSES:
None

N. SAFETY CLEARANCE:
None

O. SAFETY PRECAUTIONS:
None

P. REFERENCE:
None

ADMINISTRATIVE DATA

NECESSARY SUPPORT/EQUIPMENT:
None

HELPERS:
1 Assistant Instructor

TRAINING FACILITY:
Classroom

TRAINING DAY PREPARATIONS:

PREPARATION BEFORE TRAINING:

Ensure classroom is prepared

PREPARATIONS AT TRAINING AREA:

Hand out test booklets, pencils and answer sheets

RANGE POC:
None

ANNEX/ATTACHMENTS:
None

EXAM

ACTION:
Demonstrate theoretical knowledge of all material covered in the sniper course

CONDITIONS:
Given a pencil, grade sheet, and test booklet

STANDARDS:

256
Pass the end of course written exam with at least a 70% score

AGENDA:

1. Students assemble at the Range

2. Brief students the task conditions and standards of the exam
3. Conduct exam
4. Instructor feed back

EXECUTION:

PHASE 1:
Students assemble in the classroom
Students are given a briefing on how the test is conducted

PHASE 2:
Instructor administers the test

PHASE 3:
Instructors work with students one on one, both as a shooter and as a spotter.

GRADING:

POINTS:
The sniper dialogue exam is worth 0 points toward the students course score

GRADING STANDARDS:
1st Fail = Verbal Warning

2nd Fail = Written Warning

3rd Fail = Recommend RTU

The test is a must pass event.

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7. GRADUATION CRITERIA

In order for a student to graduate from the ISTC Basic Sniper Course and receive a
Sniper Certification he must achieve a minimum of 700 points out of a possible 1000
points with the following stipulations:
 Score a minimum 350 points in all Field Craft Exams (Stalks, Observation, KIMs
and Range Estimation)
 Score at least 210 points on all Stalk Exams
 Score a minimum 70 points on the Known Distance, Unknown distance and
Snaps & Movers Marksmanship Exams
 Score a minimum 105 points on the Sniper Mission Exam
 Score a minimum 35 points on the Written Exam
 Score a minimum 60 points on the English Exam
 Pass the Land Navigation Exam

Students who score a minimum 70 points on all marksmanship exams (Known

Distance, Unknown distance and Snaps & Movers Marksmanship Exams) but fail to
obtain passing scores in any other event will be awarded a Marksman Certificate and
will not receive a Sniper Qualification.

1000 Point Course Evaluation Plan

POI # Exam Points
4301 English Exam (Must Pass Exam) 0
4302 Land Navigation Exam (Must Pass Exam) 0
4306 Stalk Exam #1 50
4306 Stalk Exam #2 50
4307 Stalk, Observe & Report Exam #1 100
4307 Stalk, Observe & Report Exam #2 100
4305 Observation of the Ground Exam #1 20
4305 Observation of the Ground Exam #2 20
4303 Kim’s Game Exam #1 10
4303 Kim’s Game Exam #2 10
4304 Range Estimation Exam #1 20
4304 Range Estimation Exam #2 20
Known Distance Marksmanship Exam
4308 100
(Must Pass Exam, One Retest administered)

258
 Snaps and Movers Marksmanship Exam
4309 100
(Must Pass Exam, One Retest administered)
Unknown Distance Marksmanship Exam
4310 100
(Must Pass Exam, One Retest administered)
4312 Stress Test Exam 50
4311 Night Marksmanship Exam 50
Sniper Mission Exam
4313 150
(Final Shot=50, Stalk=50, Observe and Report=50)
4314 Written Exam (Must Pass Exam) 50
4315 Sniper Dialogue Exam (Must Pass Exam) 0
1000

259