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ENGLISH
QUARTER 4
WEEK 3

Capsulized Self-Learning Empowerment Toolkit

Unido, Junto avanza con el EduKalidad Cree, junto junto puede!”

Written by: JOANNE P. DIMASUAY (T-I) Vitali NHS (Lesson 1)

MERCY M. DAGATAN (T-III) Tagasilay NHS (Lesson 2)
 2

Capsulized Self-Learning Empowerment Toolkit

SUBJECT &
ENG-9 QUARTER 4 WEEK 3.1 DAY ____________________________________
GRADE/LEVEL dd/mm/yyyy

TOPIC THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN DIRECT AND INDIRECT SPEECH

Change direct to indirect speech and vice versa.
Objectives:
Code: a. Differentiate direct speech from indirect speech and vice versa;
LEARNING
EN9G-IVf- b. Use direct and indirect speech in a sentence; and
COMPETENCY
1 c. Observe rules in changing direct speech to indirect speech and
vice versa

IMPORTANT: Do not write anything on this material. Write your answers on the Learner’s
Activity and Assessment Sheets provided separately.

UNDERSTAND
THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN DIRECT AND INDIRECT SPEECH
In a direct speech, we use inverted commas to highlight the exact words of the speaker while reporting
them. On the other hand, in an indirect speech, as its name suggests, it involves reporting what a person
said, without exactly quoting them. So, in an indirect speech we do not use inverted commas to highlight
the original statement of the speaker; instead, it is just reported using own words. Let’s have a look at
the examples to understand the two:

Direct Speech Indirect Speech

Mary said, “She is going to the US next Mary said that she was going to the US the
month.” following month.
The sports teacher said, “Run fast, boys.” The sports teacher asked the boys to run fast.

In these two examples, you might have observed that when we use direct speech, we use quotations to
outline the real words of the speaker. As against, in an indirect speech, there is no such thing, as the
listener narrates the same in his/her own words.

Key Differences Between Direct and Indirect Speech

The difference between direct and indirect speech are discussed as under:

Direct Speech refers to the literal repetition of the words spoken by someone, using a quotative frame.
On the other hand, Indirect Speech is one that reports something said or written by another person,
without making the use of exact words. Direct Speech is also called a quoted speech, as it uses the exact
words of the speaker. The inverted comma is used in direct speech, but not in Indirect Speech. Direct
Speech is from the speaker’s standpoint, whereas Indirect Speech is from the listener’s standpoint.

Written by: JOANNE P. DIMASUAY (T-I) Vitali NHS (Lesson 1)

MERCY M. DAGATAN (T-III) Tagasilay NHS (Lesson 2)
 3

Comparison Chart

The basis of Comparison between Direct and Indirect Speech are the following: Meaning, Alternative
Name (Quoted Speech for Direct and Reported Speech for Indirect), Point of view (Speaker for Direct
and Listener for Indirect), Usage and Quotation Marks.

Direct Speech Indirect Speech

Jenn says, ''I love watching TV.'' Jenn said she loved watching TV.
Mr. David said,”I want to meet your parents’. Mr. David said that he wanted to meet my parents.
Ms. Alice said, “I bought a book for you’. Ms. Alice said that she had bought a book for me.
He said, “I am going to school”. He said that he was going to school.
She said, “I write a letter”. She said that she wrote a letter.

SAQ-1: How will you differentiate direct speech from indirect speech?
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________

SAQ-2: In the given examples, what did you observe when one uses direct speech?
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________

Let’s Practice! (Answer on the separate sheets provided.)

Directions: Choose the best indirect speech that will best change the direct speech inside Steve’s
speech balloon. Circle the letter of your answer.

1. “I always wear a suit

and tie.”
2. “I’m fine.”
3. “I went to the theatre
yesterday.”

1. A. Steve said that he always wears a suit and tie. C. Steve told me to wear suit and tie.
B. Steve is saying he will be wearing suit and tie. D. Steve stated he will be wearing a suit and tie.

2. A. Steve will be fine tomorrow. C. Steve said I’m fine.

B. Steve said that I’m fine. D. Steve said that he was doing fine.

3. A. He said that he is going to the theatre. C. He said I’m going to the theatre yesterday.
B. Steve said that he went to the theatre yesterday. D. He said that he goes to the theatre yesterday.

Written by: JOANNE P. DIMASUAY (T-I) Vitali NHS (Lesson 1)

MERCY M. DAGATAN (T-III) Tagasilay NHS (Lesson 2)
 4

REMEMBER
Key Points
Changing of direct speech to reported speech and vice versa is quite challenging. It
requires you to always remember the rules in writing it.

RULES

 In the Indirect speech, no inverted commas (“--”) are used.

 The conjunctions that, if, whether, are generally used after the
reporting verb.

Samantha said “If it will rain, I will be late”.

1. Rules for Changing  The first word of the reported speech begins with a Capital Letter.
Direct Speech into - He said to me, “Do you like the book?”
Indirect Speech
 The tense of the reporting verb is never changed.
 The reporting verb changes according to sense: it may be told,
asked, inquired

Hanna said to Craig… Hanna told Craig that…

 The first person pronouns (I, me, my, we, us, our) in the reported
speech change according to the subject of the reporting verb.

----- Samantha said “I am keeping my notes”.

In this statement, “Samantha” is the subject of the reporting verb.

Therefore, the pronoun “I and my” in the quote “I am keeping my notes”
will be replaced with “she and her” since Samantha is a girl.

----- Samantha said “I am keeping my notes”

Personal pronoun possessive pronoun

----- Samantha said that she was keeping her notes.

2. Rules for the Change  The pronouns of the second person (you, your, yourself) in the
reported speech change according to the object of the reporting
of Pronouns
verb.

Jimmy said to Tommy “I will call you when I reach the place”.

Jimmy told Tommy that he will call him when he reach the place.

 The pronouns of the third person (they, them, the rest, ect.) do not
change.

He said “his mother likes them a lot”.

He said that his mother liked them a lot.

Written by: JOANNE P. DIMASUAY (T-I) Vitali NHS (Lesson 1)

MERCY M. DAGATAN (T-III) Tagasilay NHS (Lesson 2)
 5

Direct Indirect
This That
There Those
Now Then
Here There
3. Changes in words Today That day
expressing nearness, Yesterday The previous day
time, auxiliaries, etc. Last night The previous night
Tomorrow The next day
Can Could
May Might
Go Come
Will Would
Shall Should
 If the reporting verb is in the present or the future tense, the
tense of the reported speech is not changed:
----- Satish says, “I am flying a kite.”
----- Satish says that he is flying a kite.

 If the reporting verb is in the past tense, then the tense of the
reported speech will change as follows:
4. Change in Tenses ----- Satish said, “I am flying a kite.”
----- Satish said that he was flying a kite.
Direct Indirect
Simple Present Simple past
Present Progressive Past progressive
Present Perfect Past perfect
Simple Past Past perfect
Past Progressive Past perfect progressive

TRY
Let’s see how much have you learned today!
Directions: Select the best answer on the following multiple choice questions about the Difference
between Direct and Indirect Speech. Circle the letter of your answer.
1. What do we use in a Direct speech to outline the real words of the speaker?
a. Converted Commas b. Quotations c. Commas d. Punctuations
2. What is the alternative name of Indirect Speech?
a. Reported Speech b. Story line c. Quoted Speech d. Free Speech
3. From whose standpoint does Direct Speech comes from?
a. Audience b. Listener c. Speaker d. Teacher
4. From whose standpoint does Indirect Speech comes from?
a. Audience b. Listener c. Speaker d. Teacher
5. What do we use to highlight the exact words of the speaker while reporting them?
a. Converted Commas b. Quotations c. Commas d. Punctuations
[Link] says “We are leaving the room by now”. (DS)
[Link] says that they are leaving the room by now.
[Link] says that they are leaving the room by then.
[Link] says that they were leaving the room by then.
[Link] says that they will be leaving the room by then.

Written by: JOANNE P. DIMASUAY (T-I) Vitali NHS (Lesson 1)

MERCY M. DAGATAN (T-III) Tagasilay NHS (Lesson 2)
 6

7. Jack said to Joanna “I am composing my poem for you”. (DS)

[Link] says that they are composing a poem for you.
[Link] says that he is composing a poem for me.
[Link] says that they were composing poem for us.
[Link] says that he is composing a poem for them .

[Link] mother says that she wants me home that day. (IS)
a. My mother says “I want you home tomorrow”.
b. My mother says “I want you home next week”.
c. My mother says “I want you home today”.
d My mother says “I wanted you home tomorrow”.
[Link]’am Carla said “My students are behaving well”. (DS)
[Link]’am Carla said that my students were behaving well.
[Link]’am Carla said that all students are behaving well.
[Link]’am Carla said that those students are behaving well.
d. Ma’am Carla said that her students were behaving well.
10. Harold told me “My uncle will visit tomorrow”. (DS)
a. Harold told him that his uncle would visit today.
b. Harold told me that his uncle would visit the next day.
c. Harold told me that his uncle would visit the previous day.
d. Harold told me that his uncle will visit tomorrow.

Source: “Direct & Indirect Speech”, accessed June 17,2020

[Link]/[Link]
Source: “Direct & Indirect Speech”, accessed June 17,2020
[Link]/english-language/direct-indirect-speech/subject/3/87
REFERENCE/S Source: “CBSE Class 10 English Grammar/Direct And Indirect Speech” September
5, 2017 by Bhagya, Feb.22, 2019 by Surbhi S. accessed June 18, 2020
[Link]
Source: “Differentiate Direct & Indirect Speech”, accessed June 18, 2020
[Link]
This learning resource contains copyrighted materials. The use of which has not been
specifically authorized by the copyright owner. We are making this learning resource
in our efforts to provide printed and e-copy learning resources available for the learners
about the learning continuity plan of this division in this time of pandemic.
DISCLAIMER
Credits and respect to the original creator/owner of the materials found in this learning
resource. This material is not intended for uploading nor for commercial use, but purely
for educational purposes and for the utilization of Zamboanga City Division only. No
malicious infringement is intended by the writer.

Written by: JOANNE P. DIMASUAY (T-I) Vitali NHS (Lesson 1)

MERCY M. DAGATAN (T-III) Tagasilay NHS (Lesson 2)
 7

CapSLET
Capsulized Self-Learning Empowerment Toolkit

SUBJECT &
ENGLISH 9 QUARTER 4 WEEK 3.2 DAY ________________________________
GRADE/LEVEL dd/mm/yyyy

TOPIC Active and Passive voice

Use active and passive constructions
Objectives:
LEARNING Code: a. Name the two voice of verbs;
COMPETENCY EN9G-IVa-22 b. Identify active and passive voice of sentences
c. Note the relation of the subject and the verb in the
different voice of the verbs
IMPORTANT: Do not write anything on this material. Write your answers on the Learner’s
Activity and Assessment Sheets provided separately.

UNDERSTAND
Topic Title: Active and Passive voice
The voice of a verb tells whether the subject of the sentence performs or receives the action. Verbs
have two voices. The active voice and the passive voice.
Active Voice Passive Voice
The voice of the verb is active, when The voice of the verb is passive, when the subject is acted
the subject performs the action. upon by the object of the verb.

The Cub Scouts held the carwash The carwash was held by the Cub Scouts despite the rain.
despite the rain. *The object (carwash) of the active sentence became the
subject of the passive sentence

Active voice
In most English sentences with an action verb, the subject performs the action denoted by the verb.
These examples show that the subject is doing the verb's action.
The man must have eaten five hamburgers.
The man (subject) is doing the eating (verb).
Marilyn mailed the letter.
Marilyn (subject) is doing the mailing (verb).
Because the subject does or "acts upon" the verb in such sentences, the sentences are said to be in the
active voice.

Passive voice
One can change the normal word order of many active sentences (those with a direct object) so that the
subject is no longer active, but is, instead, being acted upon by the verb - or passive.
Note in these examples how the subject-verb relationship has changed.
Five hamburgers must have been eaten by the man.
Hamburgers (subject) are being eaten (verb).
The letter was mailed by Marilyn.
The letter (subject) was being mailed (verb).
Because the subject is being "acted upon" (or is passive), such sentences are said to be in the passive
voice.
NOTE: Colorful parrots live in the rainforests cannot be changed to passive voice because the sentence
does not have a direct object.

Written by: JOANNE P. DIMASUAY (T-I) Vitali NHS (Lesson 1)

MERCY M. DAGATAN (T-III) Tagasilay NHS (Lesson 2)
 8

To change a sentence from active to passive voice, do the following:

1. Move the active sentence's direct object into the sentence's subject slot

ACTIVE VOICE PASSIVE VOICE

Marilyn mailed the letter. The letter was mailed by Marilyn.

direct object subject

2. Place the active sentence's subject into a phrase beginning with the preposition by

ACTIVE VOICE PASSIVE VOICE

Marilyn mailed the letter. The letter was mailed by Marilyn.

subject prepositional phrase

3. Add a form of the auxiliary verb be to the main verb and change the main verb's form

ACTIVE VOICE PASSIVE VOICE

Marilyn mailed the letter. The letter was mailed by Marilyn.

subject verb+ be auxiliary

Because passive voice sentences necessarily add words and change the normal doer-action-receiver of
action direction, they may make the reader work harder to understand the intended meaning.

SAQ-1: Which among the following defines active voice? Circle the letter of your answer.
a. Shows the subject as the doer of the action
b. Shows the subject as the receiver
c. The doer of the action is omitted
d. The preposition ‘by” is used to introduce the doer of the action
SAQ-2: The following sentences are in active voice, EXCEPT… Circle the letter of your answer.
A. The test questionnaires were answered by Tania.
B. Bureau of National Revenue will prosecute the people who commit tax evasion.
C. The new Navarra model was introduced in the market.
D. My bag was stolen by unknown thieves.

Let’s Practice! (Answer on the separate sheets provided.)

Directions: Write True if the second sentence in each item gives the correct passive sentence form and
False, if it is not.
_____1. They have built a house.
A house has been built by they.
_____2.She wrote an award- winning novel.
An award-winning novel was written by her.
_____3.Some architect scholars designed the project plan.
The project plan were designed by some architect scholars.
_____4.The magician performed some amazing tricks.
Some amazing tricks were performed by the magician.
_____5.President Duterte signed the Anti-Terrorism Bill.
An Anti-Terrorism Bill was signed by President Duterte.

Written by: JOANNE P. DIMASUAY (T-I) Vitali NHS (Lesson 1)

MERCY M. DAGATAN (T-III) Tagasilay NHS (Lesson 2)
 9

REMEMBER
Key Points
 The sentence that uses the active voice is stronger, uses fewer words, and clearly shows who
performs the action.
 The sentence that uses the passive voice is weaker and less direct. It is, however, not incorrect
to use the passive voice.
 Sometimes the doer of the action is omitted in passive voice sentences.
The passive voice is used when:
 We do not know who did the action.
“The documents were stolen.”
 When the receiver of the action is more important.
“The pyramids were built nearly 5,000 years ago by the ancient Egyptians.”
 To emphasize the receiver of the action instead of the doer
 To keep the focus on the same subject through several sentences or paragraphs
 When we do not wish to mention the doer of the action
 When we want to sound objective or avoid using the “I”.

TRY
Let’s see how much have you learned today!
(Answer on the Learner’s Activity and Assessment sheets.)

Directions: Choose either the active or passive voice form of the verb to complete the sentences
provided. Circle the letter of your answer.

1. John ________ the house last week.

a. was painted b. were painted c. is painted d. painted

2. Champagne_________ on New Year’s Eve.

a. drinks b. is drunk c. was drunk d. drank
3. The restaurant ________in 2012.
a. is renovated b. renovates c. was renovated d. renovated

4. Vaccines _____________ by some scientists for the virus.

a. discovered b. was discovered c. is discovered d. were discovered

5. The thieves _______ by the policemen.

a. were caught b. was caught c. caught d. catch

6. A cake ________ by mother on my birthday.

a. was baked b. were baked c. baked [Link] being baked

7. Relief goods ________ to the victims by the DSWD.

[Link] b. were given c. was given d. is giving

8. The noise _______ the players in the gymnasium.

[Link] b. is scared c. was scared d. were scared

9. Boracay _______by many tourists for its fascinating view.

[Link] b. is visited c. are visited d. visited

10. A large crowd _________ by the performers in the concert.

[Link] b. was drawn c. were drawn d. is drawn

Written by: JOANNE P. DIMASUAY (T-I) Vitali NHS (Lesson 1)

MERCY M. DAGATAN (T-III) Tagasilay NHS (Lesson 2)
 10

Source: Liza R. Almonte, [Link], A Journey Through Anglo-American

Literature – Grade 9 English Learner’s Material. Pasig:
Department
of Education, 2014. 439-440.
REFERENCE/S
Source: “Writing Support”. Towson University Online writing support
(2017). accessed July 5, 2020 [Link]/ows/[Link]

This learning resource contains copyrighted materials. The use of which has not
been specifically authorized by the copyright owner. We are making this learning
resource in our efforts to provide printed and e-copy learning resources available
for the learners about the learning continuity plan of this division in this time of

DISCLAIMER
pandemic.
Credits and respect to the original creator/owner of the materials found in this
learning resource. This material is not intended for uploading nor for
commercial use, but purely for educational purposes only and for the
utilization of Zamboanga City Division only.

Written by: JOANNE P. DIMASUAY (T-I) Vitali NHS (Lesson 1)

MERCY M. DAGATAN (T-III) Tagasilay NHS (Lesson 2)