Chapter II
Man as a Person
Introduction
Man is a complex organism, for he is composed of a physical body, intellect and
emotions. He has needs and wants to be satisfied in order to live a successful and happy life.
He has needs and appetites that are physiological, intellectual, psychological or emotional,
social, economic, political, moral, and spiritual in nature. All his efforts are geared towards the
fulfillment of these needs as he strives to live a full life. He has to work for the satisfaction of
these varied needs. These needs should be fulfilled to avoid frustrations.
Man is scientifically named Homo sapiens. He has distinct characteristics that make him
different from the other creatures on earth.
Every man is born inimitable, each one different from others. An individual’s nature is
manifested and fashioned by heredity, culture. and environment
The word “person” comes from the Greek word prosophon. meaning “mask”---that which
is used by stage actors. Its Latin equivalent personare refers to the mask through which an
actor forcefully projects his voice. We may, therefore, speak of a person as a human being,
hidden by the mask.
As Agapay (1991) concludes, a person exists distinctly and independently from others
and is capable of knowing and loving in an intellectual way, and of deciding for himself the
purpose or end of his actions. He has his own set' of values and work ethics.
Hence, man, says Palispis (1995), has to be respected as a being who can think and act
as a person. Every values teacher must address himself to the processes of thinking (cognitive
or acquiring knowledge), feeling (affective or forming attitudes and values) and acting
(psychomotor or acquiring skills)
I. Different Philosophical Views of a Man
Biological
Man is a complex being who behaves uniquely as a result of his hereditary,
environmental, and cultural influences. He is curious; he imitates others and has his own
interests. Man has his religion. He believes in a Divine Being, and has superstitions and beliefs in
animistic, supernatural, or spiritual things. A human being is a moral animal and has developed
Lesson I. Philosophies of Man
WHAT TO EXPECT
himself through the influence of heredity, environment, and cultural factors. Thus, man becomes
an integral human being Created in the likeness of God.