Republic of the Philippines

CAVITE STATE UNIVERSITY

General Trias City Campus
General Trias City, Cavite
☏ (046) 509-4148
[Link]

BSHM 70
Professional Development
and Applied Ethics

John Darren H. Lubaton

HRM Instructor, General Trias City Campus
+63 916-245-4713

MODULE TITLE : Professional Development and Applied Ethics

Personality: Definition and Its Components( Week 2 )

This module describes the skills, knowledge and performance outcomes required to
develop the ability of students to become professionals in their field by understanding
the ideas of improving one’s personality and ways on how they are going to be valued in
the business industry by means of presenting their ideas like company meetings,
professional networking, interviews and through proposals of services considering the
proper collaboration to their associates and portraying professional business ethics. It
also teaches writing skills and emphasizes in verbal communication and preparation of
plans that requires them to research career options and company potentiality and
stability to develop a strong and effective career pathway.

BSHM 70: Professional Development and Applied Ethics

MODULE CONTENT

1. Definition and Components and Importance of Personality

2. How Personality is Revealed
3. Personality Differences
4. Techniques in Improving Personality
5. Creating Visual Statement
1. Taking Center Stage
2. Defining Beauty (Inner and Outer)

SUMMARY OF LEARNING OUTCOMES

After the completion of the chapter, students will be able to:

[Link] the image and enumerate the factors that made you what you are;

[Link] the determinants of personality;

[Link] the importance of personality enhancement

INTRODUCTION

Personality comes from the Latin word “Persona” which referred to theatrical masks
worn by Roman actors in Greek dramas to portray . it is also the Sum total of the
qualities and characteristics of a person as shown in his/her manner of walking, talking,
dressing, and His/Her attitudes, interest, and ways of reacting to other people. it also
refers to all factors within the person that influence his characteristics, way of behaving,
thinking, and feeling. lastly your image on others and others image of you.

BSHM 70: Professional Development and Applied Ethics

 CHAPTER 1 :
Personality: Definition and Its Components

Personality may be defined as the sum total of the qualities and characteristics of a
person shown in her manner of walking, talking, dressing, and her ways of reacting to
other people.

It refers to all factors within the person that influence his characteristic ways of behaving,
thinking, and feeling. It is your image on others.

Once others have decided on the nature of our personalities, they tend to treat us
accordingly.

Often the judgment is based on a first impression and does not change even though
interpretation was erroneous and our behavior has changed dramatically. This
unchanging opinion of others based only on first general impression is known as the
“halo effect.”

For example, during the first meeting with an applicant, he makes an inappropriate
remark to the interviewer, the interviewer labels the applicant as “wise guy” for the rest of
the screening process even though the applicant could have been an ideal worker.

People often fall in love and marry because they believe that their personalities match
well. They enjoy the same activities and their opinions, interests, and values are similar.

Personalities change, however, hence we all see unhappily married couples who,
unfortunately, have not “grown’ or changed together.

Components of Personality
1. Physical - This includes the mode of dressing, manner of walking, posture, body

BSHM 70: Professional Development and Applied Ethics

 build, health, complexion, and facial expression.

2. Intellectual - How a person talks and what she talks about is what matters in the
intellectual component of personality, he must develop his intellect or “brain.”

3. Social - Good manners, correct manners are included in this aspect of

personality. To do the right thing at the right time, to act in the proper manner, to
get along well with others these are all parts of the social sphere of personality.

4. Emotional - This component includes a person’s likes or dislikes, whether he/she

is outgoing or shy, whether he/she is calm or nervous, and whether he/she loses
his/her temper easily or “ keeps her cool.” Personality problems such as how to
stay mentally healthy or how to avoid mental disorders are some problems that
are emotional in nature.

5. Value System - This includes a person’s attitudes, values, beliefs, and philosophy
in life. This aspect is referred to as CHARACTER. It is shown in the way we
judge whether our actions and the actions of others are right or wrong.

How Personality is revealed?

The Typical step-by-step revelation of an individual’s

personality :
1. Appearance - Physical Stature, Grooming,
Facial Features, Gait , Poise, ETC.
2. Intelligence- Kinds of words used, interest,
manner of expressing oneself
3. Emotions- emotional stability/instability
4. Socialization skills - manner , finesse, ETC.
5. The Real Self ( others aspect of personality) -
Values, Beliefs, Attitude, Philosophy in life.

Personality is not revealed in one [Link] unmasks itself, so to speak, in various

ways. Sometimes, crisis situations reveal the real personality.

In a boy-meets-girl situation, the first impression is usually based on appearance–

physical stature, grooming, facial features, poise, etc. A favorable impression is usually
created by a beautiful face, a regal walk, and is always a pleasant and lasting one.
Appropriate clothes and good grooming add to that first favorable impression.
When the two began to exchange ideas the boy reacts to her voice, her words, her
interests, and her manner of expressing herself. Her intelligence starts revealing itself. If
she has nothing to say, the impression created by the lovely face and regal bearing is
[Link] might impress him as “beautiful but dumb.” If what she says, however,
makes sense and is interesting and informative, she may create the impression of being
the “beauty and brains” type.
The acquaintance ripens into [Link] will observe how the other reacts to

BSHM 70: Professional Development and Applied Ethics

problem situations. Is she nervous? Is she calm? Does she raise her voice often? Is she
easily rattled? If so, she is nervous and emotionally unstable. On the other hand, if she
keeps her composure under stress and is not easily upset in times of crises, she
possesses a high degree of emotional stability. Social situations will bring other
impressions.
One who acts like a “Victorian lady” may fittingly suit a woman who has excellent
manners when she is with company. “She is a lady in every way”, is a comment given to
a girl with fine manners and [Link] may be based on traditions and
conventions of the time and people tend to follow certain established patterns of
behavior.
As friendship deepens into a more stable and meaningful one and the real self-shows
itself, other aspects of personality reveal themselves. Her set of values, her beliefs, and
her attitudes which determine her philosophy of life affect the way she solves her
problems and reacts to situations. As a Filipina, her religion usually influences her way of
thinking in many ways.
This sequence of impression should not lead one to believe, however, that personality
unfolds itself exactly in this [Link] totality of an individual’s behavior is evaluated as a
whole and not in separate pieces, although one or two aspects of one’s personality may
create a stronger impression than the others.

Why is the study of personality important?

1. successful in our dealings with other
2. To be to understand my fellow man
3. To see the entire representation of the individual, not just the surface
4. To avoid mistakes in evaluating and judging personalities
5. to improve our own personality as well as to understand others so that we can
adjust to them and have harmonious relationship with them
The study of the human personality could very well be one of the most significant studies
for you not only now but in the future as well. For it is through understanding of your own
personality and the personalities of your fellow man that will spell the difference between
success and failure in your dealings with them.
An understanding of your personality and of others’ can make the difference between
satisfactory and unsatisfactory adjustment. Most of us see only some small aspects of
the true personalities of those around us. We only see the image that is seen on the
surface, which may not really represent the entire personality of the [Link]
in evaluating and judging personalities are often one of the major causes for the
interpersonal problems involved in marriage, dating, business associations or relations
between friends.
The study of personality should, therefore, result in our attempts to improve our own
personality as well as to understand others so that we can adjust to them and have
harmonious relations with them.

Personality Differences

BSHM 70: Professional Development and Applied Ethics

We are all different because of three factors: (1) heredity, (2) environment, and (3)
experiences.
1. Our Heredity
We are born with a set of genes and chromosomes which we inherit from our forefathers
and our parents. These set the limits to our potential. This potential is achieved to the
fullest by the proper use of environment–our experiences over the years, especially our
interactions with other people.
There have been many attempts to estimate the relative importance of heredity and
environment on personality development. There is evidence that children reared in poor
environments generally suffer deficient language and intellectual development and
develop general personality defects, such as lack of emotional responsiveness and
inadequacy in relating to other persons. However, not all children reared in
impoverished environments are equally defective. Twins who are reared in separate
environments show greater equality of scores on intelligence tests than unrelated
children reared in separate environments. The greater similarity of intelligence between
twins is explained on the basis of greater similarity in genetic endowments. Yet, there is
ample evidence that intelligence scores of children are influenced by environmental
circumstances.
2. The Environment
This consists of your family, school, church, social groups, and other groups with whom
we interact from the very beginning. Each group puts pressure on us and we behave in
certain ways as a result of being with these groups. Our behavior changes with each
situation and with the people we are with. We behave differently when we are with our
parents, teachers, and others older than us.
3. Our Experiences
These consist of everything that we do or get in touch with, everywhere we get in short,
everything that we are exposed to in our lifetime, whether physical, emotional, or social
experiences.

Improving Personality
Even though much of our personality is set early in life, experiences in later life do have
an influence on our behavior. Sometimes an event such as an experience of success or
failure may bring about drastic changes in personality patterns. Fortunately, personality
can be improved. Charm, popularity, glamour–these are only a part of personality. There
is much more to our personality than the impression we make on others. Personality
shows itself when there are no people around us to impress.
All of us are constantly evaluating and modifying our behavior in the light of our
experiences of success or failure. We all have ideas about ourselves.
What may bother us is the accuracy of our self-appraisal. Are we realistic? Have we
underestimated or overestimated our abilities? The important thing is that our self-
appraisal will help us develop our personalities so that we can better interact with other
people.

BSHM 70: Professional Development and Applied Ethics

Remember that you are the architect of your own personality. The building blocks of your
personality structure contain diversities of experiences. The more you accept its
challenges, the greater will the opportunities to test out what you believe to be true about
yourself and to build your personality.

Techniques in Improving Personality

In improving anything, there are usually four steps to follow:
[Link] that improvement is needed.
[Link] a strong motive or desire to improve.
[Link] an inventory or make a checklist of the strong and weak points, or what is to be
improved, and
[Link] a step-by-step plan for improvement.

Creating Your Visual Statement

Through an extensive study of line, shape, and color, you create your very own Visual
Statement. Every moment of our lives, we communicate with other people. Even before
a word is spoken, most perceptions and
judgments are made. Are you warm and friendly or cold and aloof, a success or a
failure? These are only some of the traits which can be and often are transmitted
visually.

The purpose of a Visual Statement is:

-To visually create a message which communicates what you want others to know about
you through your appearance.
-To convey outwardly your level of inner confidence.

Your Visual Statement will give you the power to achieve results. People will recognize
your chosen qualities and treat you with respect. This can help you achieve your
personal and professional goals and develop more effective relationships. You can
easily have more than one Visual Statement in a lifetime. You may also want to change
your look, depending upon a given situation, such as a social occasion versus a
business situation. Quite often, creating/developing a Visual Statement according to your
immediate goals will make the major difference in achieving them.

Defining Beauty in Men and Women

What is beauty? It is an innate quality, a way of being, a manner of acting. It is also a

way of looking. When we think of beauty, we primarily think of physical beauty, knowing
fully well that sooner or later the personality and inner self must supersede the outer
beauty of the face and figure. However, to achieve balanced beauty the inner and outer
must blend together to be joined by an ability to love and to be loved, by an awareness
and curiosity about life, by intelligence, happiness, social grace, and self- expression
through all bodily movements – beauties are made, not born.

Beauty is also very much a state of mind. Beauty is a quality that should grow with each
passing day and be developed to last a lifetime. Beauty is enhanced by absorbing the
beauty that surrounds you in your daily life. Your personal beauty will be enhanced as
your awareness of beauty grows. As an exercise to help awaken your awareness of

BSHM 70: Professional Development and Applied Ethics

beauty, first open your eyes to the beauty of the elements of nature surrounding you–
the stars, the moon, white clouds, blue skies, mountains, trees, flowers, and streams. An
awareness of external beauty helps you establish your own standards for beauty and
develop a philosophy by which you will wish to live.

Notice your friends. One of your friends may have great physical beauty, the kind that
makes all the boys take notice. Another has a terrific personality– she is always bubbly
and fun to be with. A third may not be so handsome or so happy but he is smart. No one
is just physical appearance, personality, or intelligence alone. You are a combination of
all three facets. Think of yourself as a diamond which must be cut with many facets in
order to sparkle properly. Each facet should be proportioned in such a way that your
complete beauty shines forth.

Outer Beauty

Outer beauty is highlighted not only by personal attractiveness, but by outer behavior,
poise,and education. Your speech, diction, grammar, and sensitivity in communication
reflect your true nature. It is your total image that determines just how beautiful or
handsome you really are. First, you must survey your present habits of nutrition and
exercise, and use of makeup and clothing. From there, you must embark upon a
program of personal enhancement and development that brings out the positives and
plays down the negatives.

Establishing the proper attitude has brought you to the exciting point when you are ready
to cut an important facet of your diamond – the first impression. Although it is common
knowledge that looks can deceive, there is no escaping the fact that physical
appearance is the major criterion in making a first impression, and first impressions are
of the utmost importance.

When preparing for a first impression, work to improve everything possible – even the
most minute detail. What may appear insignificant when considered alone can combine
with other imperfections to project carelessness. To each new person you encounter, the
way you look and behave is a sample of yourself to others, think in terms of your
“packaging.” You want the person you meet to think, “I want to know this person better.”
Remember that it is natural in our society to rate those who come in pretty and proper
packages more positively, to perceive them as more talented, more intelligent, more
adept at the social skills.

People meet the outer you before they are able to know the inner you. They respond to
the “picture” you make and to the springy and energetic, or uninteresting and
uncommunicative way you are feeling even before you exchange hellos. Therefore, it is
necessary that you work to perfect your outer “Packaging”. This consists of your physical
beauty and general personal appearance which is enhanced through your clothing,
accessories, makeup, and hairstyle, as well as the shape and condition of your body.

Inner Beauty

BSHM 70: Professional Development and Applied Ethics

To think beauty is to be beautiful. Everything begins with your perception. With your
eyes shut, think the words, “I am beautiful or handsome.” With your eyes open, write, “I
am beautiful.” With a sincere smile, in the privacy of your room, say, “I am beautiful.” The
seeds of beauty – an attitude by which to live and an image to project – are the most
valuable seeds of thought you can plant and cultivate in your secret mental garden. Just
now, by thinking, writing, and saying, “I am beautiful or handsome” –you sowed the
seeds. After sowing the seeds of beauty cultivation must begin. Cultivation consists of
the responsibility and the commitment on your part to make beauty become a reality in
your life. This takes time and work. However, you will begin to feel beautiful as soon as
you begin to work on your physical, emotional, mental, and aesthetic being. Cultivating
the thought “ I am beautiful” requires self - analysis, goal - setting, commitment,
discipline, and perseverance. You must learn to recognize your strengths and
weaknesses, your good and bad qualities, and then decide what can be done about
each of them – which will play up and which will you play down, or ignore?

References :
1. Personality for Today’s Young Professional, 3rd edition. 2012 By:
Amparo E. Santos Ed.D.
2. Excerpted from “Chapter 2 - Personality Definition and Its Components”
“[Link]
Components”

BSHM 70: Professional Development and Applied Ethics