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Business Statistics Tutorial Guide

This tutorial discusses key concepts in business statistics including: 1) The difference between a population and a sample, and how to present data using frequency distributions. 2) Questions ask the student to identify which variables would be best displayed using simple frequency tables or cumulative percentages. 3) The student is asked to analyze data on heart disease outcomes and job satisfaction from sample datasets to identify percentages and relationships between variables.

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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
39 views2 pages

Business Statistics Tutorial Guide

This tutorial discusses key concepts in business statistics including: 1) The difference between a population and a sample, and how to present data using frequency distributions. 2) Questions ask the student to identify which variables would be best displayed using simple frequency tables or cumulative percentages. 3) The student is asked to analyze data on heart disease outcomes and job satisfaction from sample datasets to identify percentages and relationships between variables.

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Hương Diệu
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

NATIONAL ECONOMICS UNIVERSITY

ADVANCED EDUCATIONAL PROGRAM

BUSINESS STATISTICS

Tutorials 2
This tutorial will ask you to identify the difference between a population and sample. It also asks
you to present data using frequency distribution, and understand the general pattern of the data
set you analyse based on the frequency table.
Question 1
Outline the difference between a survey and census.
Question 2
For which of the following variables would simple frequency tables be useful?
a. Miles driven by cars
b. Blood pressure
c. Incomes
d. Happiness with marriage
e. Square feet of office space
f. CEO salaries
g. Region of the country
h. Number of motorbikes owned
Question 3
For which of the following variables would cumulative percentages be readily interpretable?
a. Number of adults in a household
b. Brand of car owned
c. College major
d. Number of illnesses during the past year

Question 4

Use the [Link] data file and make a frequency table of the first coronary heart disease event
(variable firstchd). Answer the following questions:
a. The sample in this file was selected in such a way that half of the 240 cases had not
experienced coronary heart disease within 10 years, and half had. In the sample, what
percentage of cases experienced sudden death? Either fatal or non-fatal myocardial
infarction (MI)?
b. Do you agree or disagree with the statement ‘Half of the men in the study experienced
coronary heart disease within 10 years’. Explain your reasoning.
c. What percentage of men who experienced coronary heart disease experienced fatal MI’s?
d. What percentage of men who experienced coronary heart disease experienced sudden
death?
e. Make a bar chart that shows the distribution of types of coronary heart disease event for
men who experienced coronary heart disease. Write a paragraph describing your findings.
Question 5

Many factors are associated with satisfaction with one’s job. Look at the variable ‘satjob’
(respondents were asked, “on the whole, how satisfied are you with the work you do?” in the
[Link] data file and answer the following questions:
a. Is job satisfaction related to education? Income? Age? Explain.
b. Is the relationship between job satisfaction, education, and income similar for men and
women? What do you base your answer on?

Common questions

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Cumulative percentages provide insight into the relative standing of data points within a data set, which is particularly useful for ordinal and interval variables. This representation helps in understanding what portion of the population is below a certain threshold. Variables like the number of illnesses during the past year and the number of adults in a household benefit from cumulative percentages as they allow a cumulative view of how the values accumulate across the dataset .

A population includes all elements from a set of data that is of interest, while a sample consists of one or more observations drawn from the population. In statistical terms, the population provides the entire data set, whereas the sample is just a subset of data points .

Factors associated with job satisfaction include education, income, and age. The relationship between job satisfaction and these factors may vary between demographic groups such as men and women. For instance, income might play a more significant role in job satisfaction for men, whereas education could be more influential for women, indicating potential variances in prioritizing economic stability versus social status in job satisfaction .

Frequency distributions help in visualizing the overall distribution and pattern of data by grouping it into various intervals, thus making it easier to identify patterns, trends, and outliers. Simple frequency tables are particularly useful for variables such as the number of motorbikes owned, region of the country, and miles driven by cars, as these allow clear categorization and interpretation of data .

To evaluate this statement, one must consider the sampling method used and whether it was representative of the entire population of interest. If the sample was indeed randomly selected and split evenly regarding the occurrence of coronary heart disease, then statistically half of the subjects would have experienced the condition within 10 years. However, considering the study sample mentioned is split by design, the statement about the entire population cannot be concluded without further data or clarification on the sample's representativeness .

A bar chart categorizing types of coronary heart disease events can elucidate patterns such as prevalence rates of fatal versus non-fatal myocardial infarctions or depict sudden death occurrences. Such visualizations make complex data more digestible, highlight disparities, and allow easy comparison of categorical data. Observing the distribution in a visual form helps identify trends or anomalies more quickly and clearly .

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