Asexual reproduction: DNA of the offspring is

identical to the parent plants DNA 1. Taking cuttings- clipping off and rooting a piece of a shoot. 2. Divisions- Divide a larger plant into smaller sectionsplant each section to make new plants. (perennials) 3. Tissue culture- remove the cells at the tip of a shootadd hormones to develop new plants. (lilies) 4. Bulbs- swelling of leaves or stems at the base of the plant- can be removed and planted. (daffodils) 5. Rhizomes- underground stems- (grasses) the tip surfaces and starts a new plant. 6. Runners- above ground stems (strawberry plants) 7. Grafting- cutting off a branch from one plant and fusing it to another. (fruit trees).

Taking cuttings: 1. Fill tray with mix 2. Remove 1.5 cutting from the tip of a branch. 3. Take off leaves up to from the bottom of the stem. 1. Dip stem end of cutting in rooting hormone. 2. Put one to three cuttings in each cell. 3. When the tray is full- water over the cuttings. 4. Add the tent over the top of the tray.

Asexual Propagation by Stem or Leaf Cuttings:

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Asexual propagation by cuttings:

[Link] [Link] on/cuttings/[Link]

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Examples of pineapples and stem cuttings propagated asexually.

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After cuttings are placed in media- they are misted or covered in a tent to keep humidity high (slows the rate of water diffusing out of the leaves and so keeps them from wilting due to water loss).

Asexual reproduction: Tubers

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Commercial Asexual propagation

B: Harvesting potatoes

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Asexual Reproduction by stems: Above ground: Stolons Below ground: Rhizomes

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Asexual Reproduction by leaves

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[Link] 5/50/Kalanchoe_veg.jpg/350px-Kalanchoe_veg.jpg

Asexual reproduction in bulbs (Swollen leaves)- bulbs can be separated to form new plants.

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Storage structures in plants: only the top two are TRUE bulbs- formed from modified leaves.

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Horticultural practices: How gardeners make more plants.

Reproduction by division:
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Tissue Culture

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Tissue Culture: Removing a few cells, putting them on a

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Tissue culturecomplete cycle:

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Steps in Tissue culture: 1. Remove cells from an area

2. Place cells on sterile growing media and let them divide and grow

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3. Divide mass of cells (callus), plate them on culture media and apply hormones to stimulate leaf and root development

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4. Move small plants onto a peat-based media for hardening off (getting used to conditions outside the lab).

Tissue culture is done in sterile labs to avoid contamination with disease from virus, bacteria or fungus.

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Grafting: adding one type of plant to another.

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Grafting is
1. used to produce most of the fruit trees used in orchards and also those purchased by homeowners. 2. Used by the nursery industry as an easy way to produce lots of a specific variety of fruit tree. 3. To fix girdling damage

To graft a tree, two parts are necessary:

To fix damage from girdling (vascular tissue is removed from the tree so water and nutrients can no longer travel from the root to the shootsso the tree will die unless a bridge graft is successful)

[Link] bution/horticulture/images/0532_F13.GIF

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1. The root stock: a variety chosen for its hardiness and/or its dwarfing ability. (root stocks can actually limit how a tree growsHomeowners like dwarf trees- it is easier to pick fruit and allows the homeowner to plant multiple trees in a small space.)
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[Link] ureaus/forestprotection/graphics/clip_image002_034.jpg

The Scion: The part attached to

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Pine scion being attached to a root stock- this can be used to produce lots of clones of varieties of ornamental evergreens.
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Examples of different types of cuts for grafting:

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Grafting with cactus

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In any type of grafting- to be successful, the vascular tissue (veins) of the root stock and the scion MUST be connected

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After inserting the scion, the graft must be wrapped tightly so the cells from the root and the scion fuse together
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Find where the graft was on these trees:

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Name the type of asexual reproduction:

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Slide 2

A
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B C D

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Slide 3

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D C

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Slide 4
A

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