Scribd
Upload
319 views10 pages

Proposed Bus Terminal in Lapu-Lapu City

This document provides an introduction and rationale for a proposed bus terminal in Lapu-Lapu City, Philippines. It discusses that Lapu-Lapu City is growing fast, leading to increased demand for public transportation. There is currently a lack of established bus terminals, despite existing jeepney terminals. The objectives of the proposed bus terminal design are to provide the city's first public transit bus terminal, designed according to architectural and transportation standards to enhance public transportation accessibility and quality of life. It will utilize a suburban interstate terminal design with a straight sawtooth loading plan to be efficient while avoiding traffic congestion.

Uploaded by

Kieth Casper Mendelebar
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
319 views10 pages

Proposed Bus Terminal in Lapu-Lapu City

This document provides an introduction and rationale for a proposed bus terminal in Lapu-Lapu City, Philippines. It discusses that Lapu-Lapu City is growing fast, leading to increased demand for public transportation. There is currently a lack of established bus terminals, despite existing jeepney terminals. The objectives of the proposed bus terminal design are to provide the city's first public transit bus terminal, designed according to architectural and transportation standards to enhance public transportation accessibility and quality of life. It will utilize a suburban interstate terminal design with a straight sawtooth loading plan to be efficient while avoiding traffic congestion.

Uploaded by

Kieth Casper Mendelebar
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

A PROPOSED BUS TERMINAL IN THE

MUNICIPALITY OF LAPU-LAPU CITY

_______________________________________
A Thesis Proposal
Presented to the
Architecture Department, College of
Cebu City
_______________________________________

In Partial Fulfillment
of the Requirements for the Degree
BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN ARCHITECTURE

By:
KIETH CASPER MENDELEBAR
KENNETH JAY YBANEZ

September 1, 2023
Chapter 1
INTRODUCTION

Rationale of the Study

Lapu-Lapu City is growing fast leading to an increased demand for public transport

facilities and services. This has been afterward demanding suitable Bus terminals. This will lead

to a good opportunity to design such a structure to provide a better way of improving the efficiency

of the public transportation system with the guidance of basic architectural standards and bus

terminal standards.

This study is significant because it aims to enhance the efficiency and smoothness of the

public transportation system in Lapu-Lapu City, thereby advancing both theoretical understanding

and practical applications in designing bus terminals for Lapu-Lapu City that will lead to a better

future. By designing a green architecture bus terminal, the researchers anticipate uncovering

valuable data that will lead to a deeper comprehension of smoothing the transportation system.

The outcome of this study has the potential to improve the lives of the people in Lapu-Lapu City

and their transportation systems, benefiting the users and its environment. Through this research,

the researchers endeavor to make a meaningful contribution to the people of Lapu-Lapu City and

its environment by providing an accessible type of transit system in the vicinity.

As Lapu-Lapu City continues to grow, existing roads and transit systems tend to overload

causing worsened traffic conditions. Mactan Economic Processing Zone located in Lapu-Lapu

City employs thousands of workers across Cebu thus creating the need for an effective

transportation system. This move aims to improve public transit through a strategic establishment

of Bus terminals near the epicenter of the city’s urbanized areas.


The purpose of this is to enhance public transportation accessibility, particularly during peak

hours, in order to cater to a larger number of commuters seeking convenient vehicle access and

to enhance the overall quality of urban life.

THE PROBLEM
Statement of the problem

The lack of public transportation facilities in the Municipality of Lapu-Lapu City causes

road congestion and poor vehicle mobility. Determining the appropriate design standards for the

Bus terminal, specifically for Lapu-Lapu City's first public transit facility, is a challenge.

More specifically, it will attempt to answer the following questions:

1.) Is there any existing bus terminal in Lapu-Lapu City?

2.) What is the Architectural consideration to be used in the proposed bus terminal?

3.) What is the benefit of this proposal in the community and its environment in 10 years?

4.) What types of terminals should be used in this kind of proposal?

5.) What bus loading plan is efficient to use in the proposed bus terminal?

Objectives

The design aims to establish a bus terminal for the municipality of Lapu-Lapu City. The

design standard would not only reduce traffic but would also relieve the commuter’s overall

transit experience. The objective is to provide a bus terminal for the municipality of Lapu-Lapu

City as a public transit facility routing to various parts of Cebu City. Categorically, it will attempt

to provide the following objectives:


• The Municipality of Lapu-Lapu has existing jeepney terminals but no stablished bus

terminals. The proposed public transportation facility will be the first established bus

terminal of the municipality of Lapu-Lapu City.

• The proposed terminal is carefully designed based on the following considerations:

o Principles of Terminal Planning & Design

o Access and approach

o Location

o Operational parameters

o Existing capacity and future demand estimation

o Enhanced level of service

o Integrating multi-modal accessibility and feeder infrastructure

o Integrating universal design

o Integrating sustainable development practices

• The terminal will be beneficial to the following:

o Segregation of bus and non-bus traffic

o Segregation of pedestrian and vehicular movement

o Elimination of vehicular traffic conflict

o Segregation of pedestrian flows

o Minimum processing for the buses

o Segregation of transportation and no-transportation activities

• The bus terminal should be a Suburban interstate terminal a peripheral type designed to

avoid the traffic congestion and heavy investment associated with central city bus

terminal facilities.

• The design aims to use a Straight Sawtooth Loading plan

o Efficient employed where the lot is comparatively narrow and deep.


o " Passenger has a direct approach to the loading door.

o Baggage trucks can operate between buses for side loading.

Significance of the Study

The results of this study will be significant to the following beneficiaries:

Local Government Unit (LGUs). This study will provide knowledge to the government about

the worsened traffic conditions and how mass transportation provides the best possible solution.

Residents of Lapu-Lapu City. This study will serve as an additional transportation system in

the city that is convenient for long travel.

Community. The outcome of this study will provide additional information about how the use of

mass transportation through buses will help reduce the use of private vehicles thus decreasing

traffic congestion and lessening urban pollution.

Regular Passengers. The results of this study will provide reliable and predictable

transportation for arrival and departure which is convenient for regular passengers.

Drivers and Operators. This study will provide knowledge about the efficiency of establishing

bus terminals thus opening job opportunities to public utility drivers and operators.

Researchers. This study will provide valuable data and a clear picture of the present transit

system location and its impacts on accessibility and mobility within a city to the researchers.

Future researchers. The outcome of this study will be useful to future scholars. The results of

this study may serve as the foundation for future theories.


DEFINITION OF TERMS

Bus Terminal - A defined location where a bus or coach begins or terminates its planned route

is known as a bus terminus or bus terminal. The predetermined location where a schedule is

timed is known as the terminus. Bus stations, interchanges, bus garages, and bus stops may all

have termini.

Public Transit Facility - refers to all real and personal property, including street railways, motor

buses, tramlines, subways, monorails, rail rapid transit facilities, tunnels, bridges, parking

facilities, that improves the efficiency of a public transportation system, is functionally related to a

public transportation system, or creates new or improved coordination between public

transportation and other forms of transportation.

Design Standards - a necessary component of every project's design. These rules, like those in

the building code, fire code, or electrical code, are mandatory; they are not advisory. The

application of these requirements cannot be waived throughout the design review process.

Commuter - a person who often makes a long commute to work

Destination - the location where someone, something, or both are being sent to.

essential - a destination is a location where someone, something, or both are being sent.

Green design - environmental design, a destination is a location where someone, something, or

both are being sent.


Chapter 2

THEORETICAL BACKGROUND

Review of Related Literature

In (2014), Patrick Stephen Waje, the author of the thesis Eco-Designed Central Intermodal

Transportation with Interconnected Business Hub Approach of the Future stated that public

transportations are an essential part of the daily needs from every commuter that goes beyond to its

destination, creating its way of a total journey. It creates a total venue of destination, creating form of joy

and excitement from every terminus where it takes upon and ends. As public transportation mobilizes

itself to a more modernized and a new transcends progress, creation of business affiliation comes upon

to suite up the needs with respect to proceed the modernization of such essentiality of certain

organization.

In (2016) Wenjun Wang, and Hongxing Yi The author of the thesis Research of Humanized Design of Urban

Bus Station Stated that a Bus station is a part of urban facilities and an indispensable important link of

urban transport system as well. The design of it directly affects the daily life of everyone in the city.
This paper, from the perspective of humanization, and taking Wuhan City as an example, studied the

design of bus station in the city, and proposed a variety of design basis and methods for consideration to

provide a convenient and green commuting for citizens.

In (2018) Yi Luo, Dalin Qian, the author of Research on the Impact Scope of Bus Stations Based on

the Application of Bus Lane stated that Designation of bus lane means implementing the priority of urban

bus system by monopolizing portion of the road resources, which has greater attraction for passengers

and can impel the shift of bus passenger flow, thus impacting bus stations. With the aim of mastering the
scope and extent of the impact accurately, the article firstly modified the bus station network and the bus

transfer network.

In (2019) Jianhua Lyu, Jia Xiang, Junqi Zhao and Ming, the author of Design of Bus Station Based

on Sustainable Development and Humanization Design principles-Take Two Design Plans for Example

stated that This study was performed to investigate the status and exiting problems of bus station design

use by using comparative analysis, literature analysis, case analysis and other methods, then provide

references for functional requirements of bus station. The theoretical and practical analysis says that

principle of sustainability, demand, safety, humanization and cultural heritage should be considered in

bus station design.


[Link]
[Link]
terminals
[Link]
transport-plan
[Link]
[Link]
Time-Saver Standards for Building Types by Joseph De Chiara ([Link]).pdf

pdfcoffee.com_final-[Link]

Common questions

Powered by AI

The establishment of a bus terminal in Lapu-Lapu City is anticipated to offer numerous long-term benefits for the community and environment over the next ten years. First, it will enhance public transportation accessibility and reduce reliance on private vehicles, leading to decreased traffic congestion and reduced urban pollution . By segregating bus and non-bus traffic, as well as pedestrian movements, the terminal will also improve safety and efficiency in transportation within the city . Additionally, the implementation of sustainable development practices in the terminal design will support environmental conservation and promote a greener urban landscape . Overall, these improvements are expected to enhance the quality of urban life and provide lasting benefits for both the residents and the environment of Lapu-Lapu City .

Lapu-Lapu City faces challenges such as road congestion and poor vehicle mobility due to the lack of established bus terminals . Traffic congestion worsens as the city’s population grows and economic activities in the Mactan Economic Processing Zone increase . The proposed bus terminal plan addresses these issues by offering a dedicated facility that improves public transit efficiency and accessibility, particularly during peak hours, thus alleviating road congestion . Additionally, the strategic segregation of pedestrian and vehicular traffic within the terminal will enhance safety and reduce traffic conflicts, leading to smoother operations and a better commuter experience .

A green architecture bus terminal contributes to improving public transportation efficiency by integrating principles of sustainable development and universal access, which optimizes operational parameters and future demand estimation . By providing easy access and connectivity to multiple transportation modes, the terminal reduces congestion and improves the flow of buses, thereby enhancing service reliability . Incorporating eco-friendly materials and energy-efficient systems also reduces the environmental impact, while facilitating a streamlined and user-friendly transit experience that encourages the use of public transport over private vehicles, further alleviating road congestion .

The proposed bus terminal in Lapu-Lapu City should integrate several architectural considerations including principles of terminal planning and design, such as access and approach, strategic location, operational parameters, and existing capacity with future demand estimation . Additionally, it should focus on providing enhanced levels of service by integrating multi-modal accessibility and feeder infrastructure, adopting universal design practices, and ensuring sustainable development . These considerations are crucial for creating an efficient, user-friendly, and environmentally friendly transportation hub that accommodates the city's growing transit needs .

The strategic location of a bus terminal is crucial in the urban transit system of a growing city like Lapu-Lapu City as it determines the accessibility and convenience for a large number of commuters . Ideally situated near the epicenter of urbanized areas, the terminal can serve as a major hub that supports the efficient routing of buses to various parts of the city . Its proximity to densely populated areas and key landmarks like economic zones ensures that more people can easily utilize public transportation, thus reducing travel times and traffic congestion associated with private vehicle use, ultimately enhancing the overall quality of urban life .

Humanized design in urban bus stations focuses on creating a comfortable and accessible environment for all users, which significantly improves commuter experience and urban transport efficiency . By emphasizing the needs of users through features such as clear signage, comfortable waiting areas, and safe pedestrian pathways, humanized design reduces stress and enhances the overall usability of the transport system . Furthermore, by integrating elements such as intuitive layout and real-time information, these designs streamline passenger flow and reduce bottlenecks, thus boosting operational efficiency and promoting the use of public transit over other less-efficient travel modes . This user-centered approach encourages higher ridership and supports a more sustainable urban transport network .

Applying sustainable development practices in the design of a new bus terminal can pose challenges such as balancing initial costs with long-term gains, integrating eco-friendly materials and technologies without compromising functionality, and ensuring stakeholder buy-in . These challenges can be addressed by adopting a holistic approach that emphasizes life-cycle cost analysis to justify investments in sustainability . Collaborating with stakeholders early in the design process can facilitate agreement on sustainability goals and identify potential funding opportunities or incentives. Additionally, choosing adaptable, scalable design solutions can help accommodate future technological advances and regulatory changes .

Integrating multi-modal accessibility into the design of a bus terminal enhances public transportation efficiency by ensuring seamless connectivity between different modes of transport, such as buses, jeepneys, and possibly rail or ferries . This integration reduces travel time and inconvenience associated with transfers, encouraging more individuals to opt for public transit over private vehicles . It also supports a higher capacity for passenger handling and improves service reliability and frequency, as transit systems can be better coordinated . Ultimately, such a design promotes a more sustainable urban transport ecosystem by increasing public transit usage and reducing traffic congestion and environmental impact .

Universal design profoundly influences the functionality and accessibility of proposed public transportation facilities by ensuring that these facilities are usable by people of all ages and abilities, without the need for adaptation or specialized design . This approach includes features like step-free access, tactile guides, clearly visible signage, and auditory signals that make navigation easy and intuitive for everyone, including those with disabilities . Incorporating universal design enhances overall user satisfaction and increases the number of potential users, thus supporting a broader adoption of public transport and ensuring compliance with accessibility standards, which ultimately improves operational inclusivity and service quality .

The implementation of a Straight Sawtooth Loading plan can optimize the design of the proposed bus terminal by allowing efficient use of space, particularly in narrow and deep lots where direct passenger access to buses is required . This configuration facilitates quick and orderly boarding and alighting of passengers, minimizes bus maneuvering time, and allows for baggage operations between buses, which further enhances operational efficiency . Additionally, by reducing the required space for vehicle movements, the plan maximizes the terminal's capacity to handle more buses and passengers, thereby improving the overall efficiency and effectiveness of the transportation hub .

You might also like