DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION

DIVISION OF SAN JOSE DEL MONTE CITY

San Ignacio St., Poblacion, City of San Jose del Monte 3023
11

Mathematics
Quarter 1– Module 2:
Circle and Its Standard Equation
(STEM_PC11AG-Ia-2&3)
 11

Mathematics
Quarter 1 – Module 2:
Circle and Its Standard Equation
(STEM_PC11AG-Ia-2&3)
 FOREWORD

Learning can be both fun and interactive. So we present to you this Learning Material
that will provide valuable understanding of the topic being presented. As a 21st century
learner, this material can be your stepping stone in achieving proficiency in the subject matter.
The elements serve as guides in your learning journey. The contents of this learning
materials, carefully prepared and developed by dedicated teachers from various schools in
the City of San Jose del Monte, provide deeper understanding.
Treat this module like a friend and it will connect you with the wonderful world of
learning. If you are excited to have fun while learning, this module is for you.
 What I Need to Know

This module was designed and written with you in mind. It is here to
help you master Circle and Its Standard Equation. The scope of this module
permits it to be used in many different learning situations. The language used
recognizes the diverse vocabulary level of students. The lessons are arranged
to follow the standard sequence of the course. But the order in which you read
them cab be changed to correspond with the textbook you are now using.

The module is composed of two lessons

• Define a circle (STEM_PC11AG-Ia-2)

• Determine the standard form of a circle (STEM_PC11AG-Ia-3)

After going through this module, you are expected to:

1. Define circle;
2. Determine the standard form of equation of a circle; and,
3. Identify the center and radius of circle.

What I Know

Direction: Choose the letter corresponding to the correct answer. Write your
answers on a separate sheet.

1. What conic section is defined as set of points that are equidistant from a fixed
point?
a. circle b. ellipse c. parabola d. hyperbola

2. Which of the following refers to the segment from the center to any point in the
circle?
a. chord b. line c. radius d. segment
3. What is the standard form of equation of a circle whose center is at the origin
with radius r?
a. x2 = 4y² b. x2 + y2 = r2 c. x2 = - 4y2 d. x2 – y2 = r2

4. What is the standard equation of a circle with center (ℎ, 𝑘) and radius 𝑟?
a. (𝑦 − 𝑘)2 − (𝑥 − ℎ)2 = 𝑟 c. (𝑦 − 𝑘)2 − (𝑥 − ℎ)2 = 𝑟 2
b. (𝑥 − ℎ)2 + (𝑦 − 𝑘 )2 = 𝑟 d. (𝑥 − ℎ)2 + (𝑦 − 𝑘 )2 = 𝑟 2

5. Which of the following equations of a circle has a center of (3,-2)?

a. (𝑥 + 3)² + (𝑦 + 2)² = 9 c. (𝑥 − 3)² + (𝑦 + 2)² = 9
b. (𝑥 − 3)² + (𝑦 − 2)² = 9 d. (𝑥 + 3)² + (𝑦 − 2)² = 9

6. What is the length of the radius of a circle whose standard equation is

𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 = 25?
a. 25 b. 12.5 c. 10 d. 5

7. Find the standard equation of a circle whose center is at the origin and whose
radius is 4.

a. 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 = 16 c. 𝑥 2 − 𝑦 2 = 16
b. 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 = 4 d. 𝑥 2 − 𝑦 2 = 4

8. Which equation of the circle has its center at the origin?

a. 𝑥² + (𝑦 − 1)² = 8 c. (𝑥 + 1)² + (𝑦 + 1)² = 9

b. (𝑥 - 8)² + 𝑦² = 25 d. 𝑥² + 𝑦² = 15

9. If the center is (-9, 6) and the radius is 7, which of the following is the equation
of the circle?

a. (𝑥 + 9)² + (𝑦 − 6)² = 49 c. (𝑥 + 9)² + (𝑦 − 6)² = 7

b. (𝑥 − 9)² + (𝑦 + 6)² = 49 d. (𝑥 − 9)² + (𝑦 + 6)² = 7

10. Identify the center of the circle whose equation is (𝑥 − 4)2 + (𝑦 + 3)2 = 12.

a. (4, 3) b. (−4, 3) c. (4, −3) d. (−4, −3)

11. What is the distance between the points (0, 0) 𝑎𝑛𝑑 (−3, 4).
a. 5 b. 6 c. 7 d. 8
12. A circle has its center at (2, 5) and a radius of of 3 units. What is its standard
equation?

a. (𝑥 + 2)2 + (𝑦 + 5)2 = 3 c. (𝑥 − 2)2 + (𝑦 − 5)2 = 3

b. (𝑥 + 2)2 + (𝑦 + 5)2 = 9 d. (𝑥 − 2)2 + (𝑦 − 5)2 = 9

[Link] is the possible standard equation of the given graph?

a. (𝑥 − 3)2 + (𝑦 − 2)2 = 4
b. (𝑥 + 3)2 + (𝑦 + 2)2 = 4
c. (𝑥 + 5)2 + (𝑦 − 1)2 = 9
d. (𝑥 − 2)2 + (𝑦 + 5)2 = 9

14. Which of the following is TRUE about the equation (𝑥 + 1)² + (𝑦 - 2)² = 64?
a. center is (1, 2) c. diameter is 18
b. radius is 8 d. circle is tangent to x – axis

15. The diameter is 10 and the center is at the origin, which equation of the circle
best describe the given?
a. 𝑥² + 𝑦² = 100 b. 𝑥² + 𝑦² = 25 c. 𝑥² + 𝑦² = 10 d. 𝑥² + 𝑦² = 5
 What’s In

Social distancing is one of

the protocols during the Covid-19
pandemic. In order to get the
approval of the IATF, the organizer
of a certain conference designed a
seating arrangement considering
that the speaker will be on the same
distance among the participants for
a good interaction and that there is
Speaker
at least one meter distance
between the participants. The
organizer came out with this seat
plan. Do you think this will get the
approval of the IATF? Is the
speaker equidistant to each
participant?

Since the speaker needs to be equidistant among the participants, a circular formation is
applicable. The speaker will be at the center and his distance to each participant will be the same.
In the diagram, the speaker represents the center of the circle. Drawing a line from the
speaker to any participant may represent a radius. We can, therefore, say that the radius have
the same length.

Now, let us consider this definition:

CIRCLE – It is a closed figure whose points are equidistant from a fixed point. The fixed
point is the center of the circle. The segment from the center to any point in the circle is
the radius.

𝑃(𝑥, 𝑦)

center
radius
 What’s New

Now, study the given figures and try to identify the center and the length of its
radius.

Center : ____________
Length of the radius : _______________

Center : ________________

Length of the radius : _______________

Center : _______________

Length of the radius : _______________

Center : ______________

Length of the radius : ______________

If you will analyze the figures given, there are two cases we need to consider
in graphing and writing the standard equations of a circle. These are

➢ Circle with center at the origin (0, 0)

➢ Circle with center at any point on the plane (h,k)

 What is It

Do you know that the standard equation of a circle was derived from the
distance formula? Look at this

√(𝑥2 − 𝑥1 )2 + (𝑦2 − 𝑦1 )2 = 𝑑 (distance formula)

𝑃2 (𝑥, 𝑦)
(𝑥2 − 𝑥1 )2 + (𝑦2 − 𝑦1 )2 = 𝑑 2 (squaring both sides)
r
( 𝑥 − ℎ )2 + (𝑦 − 𝑘 )2 = 𝑑 2 (since 𝑃1 represents the
𝑃1 (ℎ, 𝑘) center of the circle, replace 𝑥1 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑦1 with ℎ 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑘
respectively)

(𝑥 − ℎ )2 + (𝑦 − 𝑘 ) 2 = 𝑟 2 (replaced 𝑑 with 𝑟)

If the center of the circle is at the origin, then the equation is

(x − h)2 + (y − k)2 = r 2
(x − 0)2 + (y − 0)2 = r 2
x2 + y2 = r2

Keep this on your mind

Standard equation of a circle with
2 2 2
𝑥 +𝑦 =𝑟 center at the origin

Standard equation of a circle with

(𝑥 − ℎ)2 + (𝑦 − 𝑘)2 = 𝑟 2
center at any point (h, k)

Standard equation of a circle with center at the origin (0, 0)

center : origin (0, 0)

length of the radius : 3 units

Therefore, the standard equation of the circle is

𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 = (3)2

𝒙 𝟐 + 𝒚𝟐 = 𝟗
 center : origin (0, 0)
length of the radius : 4 units
Therefore, the standard equation of the circle is

𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 = (4)2

𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 = 16

Standard equation of a circle with center at (h, k)

center : ( 2, 1) h=2 k=1

length of the radius : 4 units

Therefore, the standard equation of the circle is

(𝑥 − 2)2 + (𝑦 − 1)2 = (4)2

(𝑥 − 2)2 + (𝑦 − 1)2 = 16

center : ( -4, -3)

length of the radius : 2 units

Therefore, the standard equation of the circle is

(𝑥 − (−4))2 + (𝑦 − (−3))2 = (2)2

(𝑥 + 4)2 + (𝑦 + 3)2 = 4
 What’s More
Now that you already learned the standard equations of a circle, another skill
that you should know is how to graph circles on a Cartesian plane.

Be ready with the following material: graphing paper, pencil, ruler, compass (if
available)

First, draw your x and y

axis on a graphing paper

Second, locate
the center of the
circle

Consider
Third, form the center, center at (1,1)
measure the length of the
radius using the grid on the
graphing paper (you may
decide on the ratio for each
grid especially if you need a
large measure)

Consider a
You may use radius of 3units
points that are
collinear to the
center as guide

Lastly, draw the circle using

your compass. If compass is
not available, you may use
any string attached to the tip
of the pen.
A. Write the standard equation of the circle with the given conditions and sketch
its graph. (Use a separate graphing paper if possible)

1. Center (0,0); r = 6
2. Center (0,0); r =√3
3. Center (3, -4); r = 8
4. Center (-5, -1); r = 2√2
5. Center (-10,3); r = √5
 What I Have Learned

1. _____________ is a set of all points in a plane which

are equidistant from a given point C in the plane.
11 √10
2. The distance from the center of the circle to any point
is called ___________.
3. __________________ is the standard equation of the
x² +y² = r² circle
circle when its center is in the origin.
4. The standard equation of the circle when its center is
not at the origin is ___________________.
5. _____________of a circle is a line segment that has √13

its endpoints on the circle.

6. The equation x² + y² = 121 has a radius of ____________.
7. The equation (𝑥 -3)² + (𝑦 + 9)² = 5 has a center of ____________.
8. The equation (𝑥 − 3)² + (𝑦 − 2)² = 13 has a radius of ___________.
9. The distance from P(-1, 3) to Q(2,4) is ______________.
10. The diameter of the circle is 26 cm, the radius is _______________.

What I Can Do

A. Identify the center and the length of the radius of the circle whose equation is
given below.

Standard Equation Center Length of radius

1. 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 = 64
2. 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 = 50
3. (𝑥 + 2)2 + 𝑦 2 = 100
4. (𝑥 − 5)2 + (𝑦 − 1)2 = 36
5. (𝑥 + 2)2 + (𝑦 + 7)2 = 24
 B. Determine the standard form of the equation of the circle given its center and
radius.

1. Center (0,0), radius 5

a. 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 = 25 b. 𝑥 2 − 𝑦 2 = 25 c. 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 = 5 d. 𝑥 2 − 𝑦 2 = 5

2. Center (0,0), radius; 7

a. 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 = 7 b. 𝑥 2 − 𝑦 2 = 7 c. 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 = 49 d. 𝑥 2 − 𝑦 2 = 49

3. Center (0,0), radius 2√3

a. 𝑥 2 − 𝑦 2 = 12 b. 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 = 12 c. 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 = 6 d. 𝑥 2 − 𝑦 2 = 6

4. Center (-2,7), radius 4

a. (𝑥 − 2)2 + (𝑦 − 7)2 = 16 c. (𝑥 − 2)2 + (𝑦 − 7)2 = 4

b. (𝑥 + 2)2 + (𝑦 − 7)2 = 16 d. (𝑥 + 2)2 + (𝑦 + 7)2 = 4

5. Center (-8,-5), radius; 3

a. (𝑥 − 8)2 + (𝑦 − 5)2 = 9 c. (𝑥 + 8)2 + (𝑦 + 5)2 = 9
b. (𝑥 + 8)2 + (𝑦 − 5)2 = 9 d. (𝑥 − 8)2 + (𝑦 − 5)2 = 9

C. Find the equation of the circle from the given.

1. center at the origin with point (3, -2)

2. center at the origin with point (-5,-2)

3. center (3, -4) tangent to x-axis

4. center (-3, 6) tangent to y-axis

5. has a diameter with endpoints A (5, 1) and B (-3, -2)

 Post Assessment

Multiple Choice. Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter
on a separate sheet of paper.

1. Which of the following is a line that has endpoints on the circle?

a. chord b. diameter c. secant d. tangent

2. Which of the following is TRUE about the equation (𝑥 + 2)² + (𝑦 − 3)² = 36?
a. center is (-2, 3) c. diameter is 18
b. radius is 36 d. circle is tangent to y - axis

3. What is the equation of the circle with an area of 36𝜋 and center at (9,0)?
a. 𝑥² + (𝑦 − 9)² = 6 c. (𝑥 − 9)² + 𝑦² = 36
b. 𝑥² + (𝑦 + 9)² = 6 d. (𝑥 + 9)² + 𝑦² = 36

4. If the diameter has endpoints at (5, -5) and (1, 3), what must be the center of the
circle?
a. (3 , -1) b. (3, -2) c. (2, -1) d. (2, -2)

5. The following are equations of circle, which has a center of (-1,7)?

a. (𝑥 + 1)² + (𝑦 + 7)² = 9 c. (𝑥 − 1)² + (𝑦 + 7)² = 9
b. (𝑥 − 1)² + (𝑦 − 7)² = 9 d. (𝑥 + 1)² + (𝑦 − 7)² = 9

6. Which equation of the circle has its center at the origin?

a. 𝑥² + (𝑦 − 4)² = 8 c. (𝑥 + 4)² + (𝑦 + 1)² = 81
b. (𝑥 + 3)² + 𝑦² = 25 d. 𝑥² + 𝑦² = 17

7. If the center is (9, -6) and the radius is 5, which of the following is the equation of
the circle?
a. (𝑥 + 9)² + (𝑦 − 6)² = 25 c. (𝑥 + 9)² + (𝑦 − 6)² = 5
b. (𝑥 − 9)² + (𝑦 + 6)² = 25 d. (𝑥 − 9)² + (𝑦 + 6)² = 5

8. What is the radius if the center of the circle is (-7, 1) and tangent to origin?
a. 5 b. 5√2 c. 4 d. 4√3
9. The diameter is 18 and the center is at the origin, which equation of the circle best
describe the given?
a. 𝑥² + 𝑦² = 81 b. 𝑥² + 𝑦² = 18 c. 𝑥² + 𝑦² = 9 d. 𝑥² + 𝑦² = 6

10. Which of the following is congruent to 𝑥² + 𝑦²= 25 and translated 5 units down
and 4 units to the left?
a. (𝑥 − 4)² + (𝑦 − 5)² = 25 c. (𝑥 + 5)² + (𝑦 + 4)² = 25
b. (𝑥 + 4)² + (𝑦 + 5)² = 25 d. (𝑥 − 5)² + (𝑦 − 4)² = 25

11. If the diameter has endpoints at (-9, -2) and (-3, 4), what must be the area of the
circle?
a. 3𝜋 b. 9𝜋 c. 18𝜋 d. 27𝜋

12. How long is the diameter in question number 11?

a. 6√5 b. 6√2 c. 5√4 d. 5√2

13. Which statement is TRUE about the equation (𝑥 + 5)² + (𝑦 − 3)² = 8?

a. center is (5, -3) c. area is 8𝜋
b. radius is a rational number d. circle is tangent to y – axis

14. If the diameter has endpoints at (-6, -1) and (-8, 5), what must be the equation of
the circle?
a. (𝑥 − 1)² + (𝑦 − 2)² = 34 c. (𝑥 − 7)² + (𝑦 − 2)² = 10
b. (𝑥 + 1)² + (𝑦 − 2)² = 34 d. (𝑥 + 7)² + (𝑦 − 2)² = 10

15. Which of the following circles is located in the first quadrant?

a. (𝑥 + 3)² + (𝑦 + 1)² = 6 c. (𝑥 − 3)² + (𝑦 + 6)² = 8
b. (𝑥 + 6)² + (𝑦 − 10)² = 11 d. (𝑥 − 8)² + (𝑦 − 11)² = 21
 Additional Activities

i. Refer to the figures then match each graph with its corresponding
standard equation.

3 6
4

5
7

a. 𝒙𝟐 + 𝒚𝟐 = 𝟕
1
𝑏. 𝒙𝟐 + 𝒚𝟐 = 𝟑
2
𝑐. (𝒙 − 𝟐)𝟐 + (𝒚 − 𝟑)𝟐 = 𝟗
3
𝑑. (𝒙 + 𝟑)𝟐 + (𝒚 + 𝟐)𝟐 = 𝟒
4
𝑒. (𝒙 + 𝟔)𝟐 + (𝒚 − 𝟐)𝟐 = 𝟓
5

6 𝑓. (𝒙 − 𝟓)𝟐 + (𝒚 − 𝟑)𝟐 = 𝟑

𝑔. (𝒙 − 𝟔)𝟐 + 𝒚𝟐 = 𝟔
7
 Circular Object Center Length of radius Standard equation
Button
Sliced Pineapple
Sliced oranges
Egg yolk
Wall clock
Pizza
Glass window

ii. Complete the table. Refer to the illustrations below.

 20
Circular Object Center Length of radius Standard equation
Button ( - 7, 9) 4 (𝑥 + 7)2 + (𝑦 − 9)2 = 16
Sliced Pineapple ( 7, 8 ) 5 (𝑥 − 7)2 + (𝑦 − 8)2 = 25
Sliced oranges (-11, 0 ) 3 (𝑥 + 11)2 + 𝑦 2 = 9
Egg yolk ( 0, 0 ) 2 𝑥2 + 𝑦2 = 4
Wall clock (-11, - 10 ) 3.5 (𝑥 + 11)2 + (𝑦 + 10)2 = 12.25
Pizza ( 9, - 5 ) 4 (𝑥 − 9)2 + (𝑦 + 5)2 = 16
Glass window ( 0, - 11 ) 5 𝑥 2 + (𝑦 + 11)2 = 25
What I Can Do
Additional Activities
Standard Equation Center Length of radius
1. 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 = 64 (0,0) 8 1. E 6. G
2. 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 = 50 (0, 0) 5√ 2 2. C 7. F
3. (𝑥 + 2)2 + (𝑦 − 3)2 = 100 (-2, 3) 10 3. A
4. (𝑥 − 5)2 + (𝑦 − 1)2 = 36 (5, 1 ) 6 4. B
5. (𝑥 + 2)2 + (𝑦 + 7)2 =24 (-2, -7) 2√6
5. D
B. 1. A 2. C 3.B 4.B 5.C
What’s more
C. 1. x²+y²=36
1. x²+y²=13 2. x²+y²=3
2. x²+y²=29 3. (x-3)²+(y+4)²=64
4. (x+5)²+(y+1)²=8
3. (x-3)²+(y+4)²=16
5. (x+10)²+(y-3)²=5
4. (x+3)²+(y-6)²=9
1
5. (x-1)²+(y- )²=73
2
What I Know
What I Have
Assessment Learned What’s new 1.A 11.A
1.B 11.C [Link] 2.C 12.D
2.A 12.B [Link]
a. c: (0,0)
3.B 13.A
3.C 13.C 3. x²+y²=r² r=3
4.D 14.B
4.A 14.D 4. (x-h)²+(y-k)²=r² b. c: (0, 0)
5.D 15.D 5.C 15.B
5. diameter r=4
6.D 6.D
6.11 c. c: (2,1)
7.B 7.( 3, -9) 7.A
8.B r=4 8.D
8. √13
9.A 9. √10 d. c: (-4, -3) 9.A
10.B 10. 13 r=2 10.C
Answer Key
References
Department of Education. Bureau of Learning Resources. Precalculus Learner’s
Material. Philippines: Lexicon Press Inc., 2016

Department of Education. Bureau of Learning Resources. Precalculus Teacher’s

Guide. Philippines: Lexicon Press Inc., 2016

20
 This material was contextualized and localized by the
Learning Resource Management Section (LRMS)
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF SAN JOSE DEL MONTE

MERLINA P. CRUZ PhD, CESO VI

Officer-in-Charge
Office of the Schools Division Superintendent

ERICSON S. SABACAN EdD, CESO VI

Assistant Schools Division Superintendent

ROLANDO T. SOTELO DEM

Chief Education Supervisor
Curriculum and Implementation Division

ANNALYN [Link] EdD

Education Program Supervisor, LRMS

CORAZON P. LOJA
Education Program Supervisor, Mathematics

ANNIE C. JOAQUIN
Secondary School Principal III

JOY M. BRIGOLA
Paradise Farms National High School
Writer

NAME
School
Layout Artist

KHARLYN P. BANZON
Sapang Palay National High School
Cover Art Designer

20
 KAY MARK C. ORIO
Sapang Palay National High School
Content Editor

ANDREI ROSE F. SANTOS

Paradise Farms National High School
Language Reviewer/ School LR

20
 For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:

Department of Education – Division of San Jose Del Monte City –

Learning Resource Management and Development Section (LRMDS)

San Ignacio Street, Poblacion, City of San Jose Del Monte, Bulacan

Email Address: lrmssdosjdmc@[Link]