IES “San Fernando Rey”
Profesorados para la Educación Superior y Secundaria en Inglés Prof. M.N. Ocantos
Phonetics & Phonology of the Foreign Language I
English pronunciation rules and forms
References:
S – sound wf – weak form
V – vowel sf – strong form
C – consonant
-S/ES endings in the case of plural of nouns, verb conjugation for Present Simple 3rd person
singular form, Possessive/Genitive Case, and contracted forms of BE/HAS.
-voiceless CS +/ s /
-voiced S +/ z /
-/s – z/ or other sibilant S. / ʃ - ʧ - ʤ / +/ ɪz /
-ED endings in the case of conjugation of regular verbs in Past Simple, past participle form of
verbs, and -ed adjectives.
-voiceless CS +/ t /
-voiced S +/ d /
-/t – d/ +/ ɪd /
Weak and Strong Forms
prepositions weak form strong form
to / tə - tʊ / / tu: /
at / ət / / æt /
for / fə(r)/ / fɔ:(r) /
from / frəm - frm / / frɒm /
of / əv / / ɒv /
1
IES “San Fernando Rey”
Profesorados para la Educación Superior y Secundaria en Inglés Prof. M.N. Ocantos
Phonetics & Phonology of the Foreign Language I
conjunctions weak form strong form
and / ən - n / / æn(d) /
or / ə(r) / / ɔ:(r) /
but / bət / / bʌt /
demonstrative pronouns 1 +1
close this / ðɪs / these / ðiːz /
far away that / ðæt / those / ðəʊz /
relative pronoun weak form
that / ðət /
determiners weak form strong form
than / ðən / / ðæn /
as / əz / / æz /
a /ə/ / eɪ /
an / ən / / æn /
the / ðə - ðɪ / / ði: /
possessive determiners weak form strong form
my / maɪ /
your / jə(r) / / jɔ: r) /
his / hɪz - ɪz/ / hi:z/
her / hə(r) - ə(r) / / hɜ:(r) /
its / ɪts /
our / aʊə(r) - aə(r) - ɑː(r) /
their / ðeə(r) /
2
IES “San Fernando Rey”
Profesorados para la Educación Superior y Secundaria en Inglés Prof. M.N. Ocantos
Phonetics & Phonology of the Foreign Language I
pers. weak form strong form obj. weak form strong form
pronouns pronouns
I / aɪ / me / mɪ / / mi: /
you / jə - jʊ / / ju: / you / jə - jʊ / / ju: /
he / hɪ - ɪ / / hi: / him / hɪm - ɪm/ / hi:m/
she / ʃɪ / / ʃi: / her / hə(r) - ə(r) / / hɜ:(r) /
it / ɪt / it / ɪt /
we / wɪ / / wi: / us / əs / / ʌs /
they / ðeɪ / them /ðəm - ðm - əm/ / ðem /
aux. verbs weak form strong form
do / də - dʊ / / du: /
does / dəz / / dʌz /
don’t --- / dəʊn(t)/
doesn’t --- / dʌzn(t) /
did / dɪd /
didn’t --- / dɪdn(t) /
have / həv - əv / / hæv /
has / həz - əz / / hæz /
haven’t --- / hævn(t) /
hasn’t --- / hæzn(t) /
had / həd - əd / / hæd /
hadn’t --- / hædn(t) /
aux. verbs weak form strong form aux. verbs weak form strong form
be / bɪ / / bi: / was / wəz - wz / / wɒz /
am / əm / / æm / wasn’t --- / wɒzn(t) /
is / ɪz / were / wə(r) / / wɜ:(r) /
isn’t --- / ɪzn(t) / weren’t --- / wɜ:n(t) /
are / ə(r) / / ɑ:(r) / been / bɪn / / bi:n /
aren’t --- / ɑ:n(t) / being / bɪɪŋ/ / bi:ɪŋ/
3
IES “San Fernando Rey”
Profesorados para la Educación Superior y Secundaria en Inglés Prof. M.N. Ocantos
Phonetics & Phonology of the Foreign Language I
where (adverb/conjunction) were (BE)
/ weə(r) / / wf: wə(r) - sf: wɜ:(r) /
aux. verbs weak form strong form
will / wɪl / / wɪl - wi:l /
won’t --- / wəʊn(t) /
can / kən - kn / / kæn /
can’t --- / kɑ:n(t) /
shall / ʃəl - ʃl / / ʃæl /
shan’t --- / ʃɑ:n(t) /
would / wəd / / wʊd /
wouldn’t --- / wʊdn(t) /
should / ʃəd / / ʃʊd /
shouldn’t --- / ʃʊdn(t) /
could / kəd / / kʊd /
couldn’t --- / kʊdn(t) /
must / məs(t) / / mʌs(t) /
mustn’t --- / mʌsn(t) /
weak form strong form
there / ðə(r) / existential “there” / ðeə(r) / adverb of place
some / səm - sm / / sʌm /
