Scribd
Upload
7 views33 pages

OR Mod 2

Uploaded by

turpu poojithareddy
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF or read online on Scribd
7 views33 pages

OR Mod 2

Uploaded by

turpu poojithareddy
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF or read online on Scribd
cncmanes macuinnit sninienen. 7 dg mensimants met 13 4 os 2 | mi 6 5 RO me fe maximen? 4 miniman = 4 ,wonimin = minimax? * 7 Se ee Scanned with CamScanner Tatno: a variety of Competitive sihuationt uy mererariy seem in a - Vou Ae on S]* Cndidats fighting in eeehin, litany bectttes adumys,, corny R Trankiting campaigns by competing business firm, bid +0 in, a i 4 gor comtact , sports ete: bg. wou Game must be thought of fn a bread sents, 208 4 0 Hind o¢ aucos Bonk but a: competinve situation A Kind of compli wihbtoming) —pnpee sun) must win R someloody mut lore Gorme theory 4 a type of elton ey ome's choice of action is detetmined of ter tating into cecount | onty OL Potrite aleunativt ovailabte +? am opponent playing the S00 wma qjorne rather tram just by the pesibiitiee ef Several outconnes. | Marter The objecba of gaenetniory to maximae the mininwrn gain oF mining Pi, Pa- the = max: Loss: ane 4 Gove ib defined as an activity bIW Hoe or more pettoms inal each p Betvitier by each porson atcording 40 a sek of wool teed A gam which tach person etu'ves Some bemepit On falislaction On Sates °h i lois: “ihe sek of mules depins the panne “going YnsoUgh to ruby non- x0 ome 6y the padticipam’ defines a play hey 3: Stacte ae ; EE GEM A competitive situation ucalkd a cketive j eae V1 tras tne fottowsng 4 props: pact ped for de i) thew axe sinik the ac Hinlk ruber (mn) computton Laud player) 9°n 2: Ta | ae FMR incase m>2, itd Saou to | actie 1) Rach ploy hou a lit of 44 ; may not wom ton won nny EP activities (ne Wut |" Parre mya & tid bo 6 & ge aia. The choices aa Player chooses one of his that one Owumed to be F made simultaneously dees, ie) no fo ’ Hor ¢ BPE (the chotee oF tie otner, until bx has decile | 4 his cum: per 1) keeny tori ; vu "ation of aettvittes determine On -outoorn eAGhER ™ t) . ee prints ; emoney ov any tha My) whch vesutts in a gain of pages Scanned with CamScanner (ner Tver tote). to tach player» provided cach playen i ploy, componrminingty #0 gee a uch porriote: Negative gain immplics any tas oy torne amount * veoro men games compelitie gomes ant dassiped Reds 9. Lui- tum & mon in a involved! ‘ie, 04 & ae ete cE valigcaste |) aeroneng wo aha mo: of. lagers envol = tang fr ° } Sataner peor che» Anoteur innpontor bete ss ; . made Picton gg suer) gomnes &° mon- ue sum gent me pays ; pinyin Aeoune | onty 40 tach other ity the Jon of one 7 - {177 th from outside » #¢ covnpetitine garme. raid fo be. xe10- 2um- Sar coma $0" , © punter game & played oy n= logins “ | athematredty, suppore a7 % PP - feomes . Mm cally, “PP = opps at the end. of 0 play 2f thegome whose Acepectves Pod Py, Pace Pv Livy tne the game one wove ecich plagof Ye gp” A game which 3 mnot~ iv -sum be oy te competitive game one wro- tum qans” An amp non-mwie sum game ig the poker in whith a Cutan pont of the pt h set of ruuly 1 aemavedl fvore roe howe bene the ginal Poh a: Staategy: A sthakegy of % player has bem Loosely ovinpettive ppm fpr decrsion: making 'n advance of Ul the: plauys by which he decide, the-ectrvitia he thoutel odopt: Jn other words, a. skaategy fot a | given player oS of seater that, «pelfier which of the available course 4} action he should rake at tach play - The staateqy _ 7ay fot 0} 8 Kinds * uf i) Pune strategy: To player knows exactty what the oni play, vines UM a ging to doa detminighc situation i oltainec! & the obj. trite mas min, the gan: Dhengone, the pure shrateag a a will be catled 210" $4 if, 2 vir oee QPP oF mini, mon ii i 74 imvolving | Cat altegl et o77-2b. SUI AO +p Bet +Hre ex | tay 2pe0 On Oo Sutjeu inecl a4.0 Sule , gmpar ze ito agond ie , one oy | ducivion aule alunys 40 clack © partteulan Cowre of action. us! one iad on wee shmakegy cs Usually Acprusmtecl by & M0 With which the 4 has Of Ackion & assoraled: ) Aimed st :y (wren ae foo player a quessing ov te uah'e actiniy ‘ ae 4p to be stlected by the other on any partiular eccasi en je" 3 Scanned with CamScanner z te ww obtal, & objeclive pts ‘, ban a phobablistic sfuntion B optained & oyeative fort maxim y ti eit jae Thus’ tne me stnotegy aa Seton ceragg stnategies with fact probabilthes | samaatrcay mined Hategy fora plage sth rl) may | touts of action, & denoked -by tne set So m mee Pe Nal gg) whore sum & unity) epasenting, pnovabl Utter with which each cous. attion a chosen: J ai (i= 2 =m) ate prokability a Choosing th, cousuth, tm, $= (ay, 12-- + Xm) STC, AAAQ Haz 4 + IMsz1 BNZ0.) Wg 20 Imo 4'Two purion Zero -Sum ( Retarqulan games): A game with ont, fa) playou (say PlayerA @ PlayenB) 4 Caued a two-purion, uno.» ame 1} the Losses of one ployer ase equivalent to the Ge Ob the other, $0 thot the sur of they net grins 6 zeno- Two-poon,, 220 tum gamu ae alio called redonguton qos chess, ate waually “epauented oy, @ pay -Op, matrix in Yeeta ngulay | 5 Payor} Matrix: “Suppose ployer A has m achuites: © player B ha N oebvitu Thm a peers motrra U formed by Uting the yells | WY Row “designation. jon tosh madrixaxe ortivittes ovailadle | W) (ok daignatrons jor tach. rnatin one activities awailatl fo poyet | cul entry vy’ G Te payment to player A on als peels raha al A choo tne chevy ‘ PRB chootes activity 5: 9) with & 20: tum, two PeSon garne | the ceu emmy in ine plafe BF PY OH maine itl be Negative of -the Corresponating cathenteg Vig Pn the ployer a's PMOL Matta. 10 thet sum Of poopy ates for plage ay Player Bus tt rately Len = Scanned with CamScanner m rind Phouy ™a» re Bing Ee Moe cena y rimal StAaLegy Po [Link] the oP rags | \ pn | "emegy | Reon ray) 2 ack 3} as He y| 3 °9 Ye an, | So) “+ PA + | “2 "ont On 0 ce Hmnnr PANO —a, Col Mor OF fa JMO Ob the minimmos (Take om | manimnan minima: | Yom saddle pomt 2 (4000? reeta ogulanje Value of the gem VFI phaser B ha Optimal staotegy for ployer A= q the vwla:-) Optimal at scategy for player BI lable foplye! Probability of optivnal serategy OF ployer bout to ploy! " 4 en Gare with mined strategy: Find opurnal strategie & valu oe 2 tne plod han cath eo Talal ages oy °b1 Meger 1" Col Man a Yani main! ES enna, 19 “ Gome her no sadelle pt: “Tt ba qome of Mixed strategia value of the | gare fo tne pay off make. Row min 1) — mazionte A=zCP,t PI201,0,0] « BC P,f PJ =L1,0,0) o¥ Co,0,1J fof “the garne forthe payotf mar, . Row min ian) > Scanned with CamScanner » Plasgoh Glan = | eg VE Fxb45a2 28 O Nesta 2g ova, . Value of +h 264543 Grin? 29 aah 4 to a Sng cre Gre ea a tropability rived staatenits, % + Opts . Mayor r= Create =C% 027 | opti b- Mayr B= 14.9.3 =5o,,4) Prob: of von 9 Magee Row min 5 a | = = aa fe) o)"** TA] Maury “4 ” ‘cimen "4 Mmomioin® mintman s ¢ - Saath pots (3,3) : | 7 Vale hl gqome be | Odd g - paimnat Je THI plas as a 5 on ee nS = 1s Pre Se 3 / shade 2 ‘TI for Player 4s ae [0.09 joy a “ 8 = Cars PEt. Lo,0, 49,2) F gan tobe, hy 6h Scanned with CamScanner pe Royer B ows: n> a toyoh [2 2% ? ro ls 7 I 4 4 OLP colrmor 16 (5) emanimin? > 4) minima pela? ttA6 oy saddle pI - —~—F Per «, me = 5 ar4 aoe value of 3 $ > 7 Opternal strategy jor Moa ” Ba Aza optimal =" Prob: of optimal strategy por player ale, Pa 31> Cot, oJ « B+04,r, BTCA!) ee ° Row min el -4 fas | manimin + minimor “Gary hos no sadolept = mited strategy eddment | Prob = rin Stio +0 bro ba e y ‘ability of mined etraseges PloyerAs Cee.) ‘[ OW Vou 82 Ce iS oye ay aLS Scanned with CamScanner i QYotve the following axa game uslrout saddle pora' 2 B Row min C s|i |i A s|4|a 5 St) oma Golan FF [4] manimin #Mininan od Prob r*|4 2 5 4 |4 OeeD. > 5 Ob 3 2 Pre 3 a Ve and: Ss — Walits of qome= Sx14axq = 17 Player A s § Paob of mined strategia, + Minimax +t Pays cand = [%e, % J | Fundamenta Player B : : Lowen Cry, Po) [45%] 5 ; =e je, Vey » |= |e v ~ Alkerative ¢ |e fom _— Lt 7 Cero ° Fea min © X a Mani min $ minima eer In *reang * od Prob ae 6 |- 3 | aye we Siaanesele ~3 0 q 9 fot Li 7 (Rb ae ea ———___! | loz) 1 8 i Ste or } Ay ‘ No 6x34 -329 = Ie-ay —— aoa re It te 3 E Meua te nyo 42] x, 7 => Scanned with CamScanner Plager a OF, 3*[ hes i] = a42) 2 24 TOT ) ve ange. 183 & al 7 ; Creal: [ia of nog A CA fer [tay] Mase a= [hy 4 Minimax: theowr (“Fundorrental “theorem gare streors mi hon eo Fundamental theorem 0] Rectangular jaro : Ff mined sstrategion axe allowed ; hein ababays, exists & walise of the rire} je, Ve Aitarntve ctatemedl + 2a;-2y 120, yjz0 Hm, ran min FSV lay,yemin Mar 5S Vy lays) Whee Ya whercar ea ad ee ee ye Gn rears "y qive a1: The Ut tide relay that for sore gine Cqwem) 2 minimiag the sum wert ys Tha wraults tn o's storey ita, 0 yo | As selecl 2 60 that they value a maimum: tol: : ° Hof! the player A's problirn Mina, 2X Rad Rats ot Ken STC! Wy xy Van had © Aen hse! Mia Xt Nog Yat 4 Ving Ren Vin Rit Nonna = -4¥mn ken ZI Scanned with CamScanner STC yyy Prob: ¢ WENDY tM Ip 1 . Oomonance BY) + Van Vas: + Van, 21 — MoV t Vins Ya bec ay mond, et || 12, Ye>0. “Yado | Tt hat been seem tnak ng dual problem is Fierilan 0 tne rxoblerm obte se ied fo" the player 6 + But the duawe ‘ty theovern sakes that : TY ether te primal on ty, | tial pe © other problmr has a rik gia, oby' corr: element of other col. ie, wry 5 o-s e “4 5 ae 5 -3 2+ Coy {nm "tT pnaximin = minemax Saddle pt- = C3,1) Scanned with CamScanner w)-¢ Volar of te aprn’ Prob: of Playa A= (0,0,1,9) & Plager n=, 0, 0,0, ) Pommance penupe. e \ mn 430 + | cane Row sum na if tak r | Bot in Leage thant shove vow Ty 1b : ch eomplttety tom, cane). | a 2 \ 3|8 47 a | 4TJ[3e) > mim > \ * Me dominaing is cancetted ) ‘| (the whi # vem wiswm 15 1) wh) 1) arest mew wnat Row sum ne eu 19 Avty oth elem 9 [HT] > b op the mae a Svan of gamess- : Row sum 4 0 5 -3 3 * |fa ao ea ge Lb Scanned with CamScanner Bel fel 16 a DP aee, Value of the pre Ma bexe 2 4 | *tponent fo | the boos Prab 9 played = [45 , J fay a) ns togoyy | 2) Too eee AGB match point “Ty the coin match A wins | unit lus A the joi caine donot mates, uy 4 A ins) unit o * Optimum etratenie FValue: Debomine wy “Ol the playens® vate, fm gon | een Player B as | man | ; od Hana | | | Scanned with CamScanner @ Ve 2-2 =o % fob: Hoyt A> [Mo os] B=[h sh) D Ae Beach take our om on two Matcha & quuc how many emadche syponenb no abun: Ty oreo te Playou quar worvectty tum te looser how to pay Wim os vrang Re at the sum of Yhe aumbey hud by born plosert + Othowwise the poyouk vs eno Wpite down the fy Matta R obtarn the opterred shotgies of both ployeat - ‘el: 1B Row min | vel 2 o ° A 4 of wan Pleenes L___ alma 8 | minimax $ mornin od | 20 \4 \*h-Fs Vow =F = & | o + \ 2 | A>. 6 3 ‘ 3 pb PA #5, 15] oo 4 eS . 2 s 9 [7% ) Scanned with CamScanner 91Z) =) H \Shic, ' u Taking overage of fi 4 BY Pa kow sum OL mine 10 fs i I; is 3 me & la Le wm q e Lis aw |? aL : B Sie need fe Row 8 col opeatont anen'l posible aw Strakegte of Playen Bs W315, 44 2D) ! T w + . . 2 2 1,15) whih a OY Aknokegy. => 9 uw clemntnated t f [3 Xo 9g = j wel , 1s 4-1 GEO os of 8 pag Now HH becom: zh 4 Similarly | Tadley axunge 2s 7 ‘ BOB ef ptogenn (1 23) 4 . wth as es Reyes ten. ae wa ito wane «te oy om oe B gare = Ta. nue Ly “hth trom slog, y a. ¢ PT 1% e753) ,0 5 Scanned with CamScanner 3 cs eel) = a & Nat = ao dim = a |4 0 &| rs = a 42 > 2 3,34 41 (42,4) : bw we 6 a = 6% 2 34 Hoge of elagen : 24 | 4 0 of 1 paso ae G2 a Pet 9 pe 2 448 Plog n -(44 2 Y= (14) 2 (2, af 1 r6) ot UM | * 0 ae Silos : 3 af oo ne oad g @\%. * | 4) “he? Ys 2am 8 Value of es Axeton TOES fo Ye qd i , Prob > Phays A = (0 2, 2h 1%3) B= (0,0, 24, 1%) Scanned with CamScanner s ) pot Sea Baal | & a GD, Cs,0) Scanned with CamScanner pe Nath Vea /q, Scanned with CamScanner Row min ! I! Colm ° 6 Mone mrinimun of marimnin. Scanned with CamScanner Prob te ato = 08. a -l = : neat a +AKB = Uso Onan’ et e Pro: Player =| Yh 30,14) | Be € 25 Mz, 0). Scanned with CamScanner eT) Scanned with CamScanner mane Gets OY Unaphicad mated Com me, 2 0b) . 64 Gener 6 ainimor > 3 omatimin $ minimax » Garme has no saddle pk - Pgarm hor mind shategy - Row eve Use dominant. 4 4 fwrthin reduction of Hous & mot possible by dorniinance principle . ‘The given 4x2 gore com be solved using Graphical method Prayer B 6(y) + EOO-% 2 BY a) NraCi-y) = 3-29 3 BY 4 1-¥e aya | it SY 14 26r-1 Scanned with CamScanner 4 Chet boundan= + * Take min a e 3 "hE 80.5 mea a oc ted bi baal i | F304 Take only ‘eld ° Bit» same slpe re 3 i Vs. a ~7. B The. maxirmon Moundory Of try gam sop which Buthe min point... At Rm: 3 Wn 2, 3,4. intersect Of which 2 RA cone feed slope % wonder 8x2 qane with entries Covresperding fm 2214s weg 3 gL tal mae Scanned with CamScanner une O° Li, B n : amin Oberses minieron = Yo: Saddle pt = ira | ony © : u Ome clone | oe ) a3 & @ Buthe intersect © LaLa) -3t1-¥924-5] wf java tU-= Yad al slope - | ephrer Maxinum bound wat 6—5 ak whith min dat F° Wer Scanned with CamScanner 2y +7079) > osy4n a1 es» a 2ies WY 4 201-y9 TAyen " » o> ao 0 o Scanned with CamScanner y 4 \ 42% Paes FE 2 " 4 & 2 £ 7 = mh ye ta TS Pa 4 Oe #029) wns waresy =-bYH10") ; +BY 2 ay-s F 3 |-y-2u-p 3] el - ye 72 | 21st, el 5 Tyte(i-y> 4 YEG wast 6 5 be 3 2 ° Scanned with CamScanner 1-343Ys4y 3 BYESUY = 8159462 ay ge TYFEUINYD = Vey ees ayy) AYECYD= By +1 SDV +20 17- ay eave on oe bo © Scanned with CamScanner ayy ajo y 4 & Race é a 5 Take aeonaing fo opiestom » AIS a fos SY-AUW)2 BY F4y m4 2 TY Dv 4 S(I-y)=241- 89 FS = BYES Scanned with CamScanner cd of solve. ; “g aem GOTH bY QHaPhical mettrecl by graphical method , SAO Gay Tg, 3 Tass ae) + Scanned with CamScanner 34 4)4 4/1 1-3 fa [ue #* MW Ah “ey eB Ka te annie) " qe +5 sr tati-w vi -naants Ae( Mi MW) BOM Au ba-to 14 2 es oak Scanned with CamScanner Ve6xE + leg. te ya "(Flas Alia 1B (Un ssp.) — Blea) maim a Ae Se ° Santen 2 -343q-Seqop | ef Pass. | 4a) te ke aes Scanned with CamScanner vz 248-304 -3 5 \4 4le 1 aes 7 OS : Ve Sho _ “(ES 10) 8°( har ths) 4a - ae Bethe Bante a BL hy =3 a}a. Jam n *( Ay Mp2) Be (Mla). Scanned with CamScanner Yan g ames ae © 5) Gina 1) UEC matsa method fo solve a game whose % Pott rad, é i wt «LE os a3 Tw SID Finst observe tnat tie motu has no sadelle point * 40? | 2) The conden the following three 2x2 sqyare submatrices. opt ms] ols) eis] | i i Vee 3) Now Stantery with Subratrz B, we compuk try following y - 2 je) Here 11> =15 ; o se at e adjas adj a Ss -S er [eG] aed? [8-5] sol) Her, Thus we get, 427 tas{B)> (1,1) [ 2 il = (0, ~3) 42" Coa} = cry [LE “FS ) ecu “6 3 © a> uF ladje) ug = to, O17 = -3 4) Substituting above value in the forrnula, We get, ) AeuT aapiey Fd (e392 0) 4 "= ust (aaj BT sb bya = (% 7) a 5) Now 4a+ the soln (20,40) for optimaihy by Cheokean Elie.) = o¢ tix $84 O79 =S7V , EC Xs ,t2)> On 641 x540n325°9 “he vase ECE yo) = Y aie eyo) = (84 3-+(24) SEE ¥0= Chysaeznsesn Ta : 3 A ¢ Ve Mauls show that the Cumunt (vs%0 Yo) 4 an ddmissibe 2 3 tol». ®) Net 3 au Mepeak steps 3. te 5 starting Lolth the submataes Ct UA tH odemiss ste solm. vs, a. “ee » 2 FT Bl01 0,4 3 =7 4 34) bere Again spect Skps 3S stantiad oa 7 With the submatyrp to Ve ane SN INE iste alm, vagy ; = : YTS 97 = (34 014) 147 > (ys) a - Ay (Ws Scanned with CamScanner O51) check. , 41540237570 x94 Bn3esY 5 4 an admis . me © =( 5,24) mabre? ® tT wr rge7 7 a 8) many» we ePsewe trae te given Probie 1) "= 6010) 5 Yo = (Ms 2/4) ves aT. ‘Tus tre column ployer hou unique ou Ves gel? (Ias4/3) whe the sow phaser optim ot stnategics given by the Line Qi combinara HoT = Moy, 0) 4-99 (34, PMs) sok ye1 at gyn vse._maknta trod. 0 so the game whole payott mate i wot) Here ee — fir -po 33 ; [3 Be 2 10 tl) Hou, we find trot, adj As [7 -3 04 le give the admi ssbte 6 & -3 | soln QT os 2: 0! = (5) 3.9)5 Y= (Use Ie) ov Te G obsaved that nine 2x 2° submataicns Of A ane postible fuk only ome of them, 3+] 3 3) 100s’ eur) ‘aololr honed 2s adenssble soln: moT= (4%) 409 =( 84h) Val ‘thus hore the sow player hat @ unique optimal cheteg y ‘, *,0) While te col plage has injinit optimum stratrey fim by Yo = A (Msi Flory) #U-A) (4%, V3), DE 9e) “the value of game. 41° ‘ eae Byre- Ye beat | 6 3 5 43 . 5, a YoIry. 3 3+6Y 3 4 Rigs . ‘ Shing iinbiageck 2 ene with tame shpes 3 6 bE 3\3|2 4 PE Mtag oe al Ls 4 re 2 aq ; (71%) (7a) ° Scanned with CamScanner

You might also like