AP Chemistry Prep UNIT 2 QUESTIONS Multiple-Choice Questions 1. Why can a molecule with the structure of NBr, not exist? (A) Nitrogen only has two energy levels and is thus unable to expand its octet. (B) Bromine is much larger than nitrogen and cannot be a terminal atom in this molecule (C)_Itisimpossible to complete the octets forall six atoms using only valence electrons. (D) Nitrogen does not have a low enough electronegativity to be the central atom of this molecule. 2. Which of the following compounds would have the highest lattice energy? @) LiF (B) Mecl, (©) CaBr, ©) CH, 3. Lewis diagrams forthe nitrate and nitrite ions are shown below. Choose the statement that correctly describes the relationship between the two ions in terms of bond length and bond energy. O—N=S Nitrite (A) Nitrite has longer and stronger bonds than nitrate. (B)_Nitvte has longer and weaker bonds than nitrate. (C)_ Nitrite has shorter and stronger bonds than nitrate. (D) Nitrite has shorter and weaker bonds than nitrate 106 | For more free content, visit [Link]4. The graph below shows the amount of potential energy between two hydrogen atoms as the distance between them changes. At which point in the graph would a molecule of H, be the most stable? Imernuciear Distance (am) ———> (A) Point A B) Point B (©) Pointc ©) PointD Use the following information to answer questions 5-8. ‘There are several different potential Lewis diagrams for the sulfate ion, 1wo of which are below: Structure A. Structure B 5. What isthe molecular geometry in the structure A? (A) Tetrahedral (B) Teigonal Planar (©) Trigonal Pyramidal (D) Octahedral 6, What isthe $-O bond order in the structure B? (a) L0 (B) 1.33, © 15 (D) 167 7. Which of the following statements regarding the structure B is true? (A). The double bonds must be located opposite each other due to additional electron repulsion. (B) There are fewer sigma bonds compared to structure A. (C)_ The bonds in the molecule are weaker than those in structure A. (D) All bonds in the molecule ae identical to each other. AP Chemistry Prep V. Unit 2: Molecular and lonic Compound Structure and Properties | 107AP Chemistry Prep Which structure is more likely to correspond with the actual Lewis diagram for the sulfate ion’? (A) Structure A; single bonds are more stable than double bonds (B) Structure A; ithas the most unshared pairs of electrons (C) Structure B; there are more possible resonance structures (D) Structure B; fewer atoms have formal charges Which of the following pairs of elements is most likely to create an interstitial alloy? (A) Titanium and copper (B) Aluminum and lead (©) Silver and tin (D) Magnesium and calcium Which of the following substances would be the best conductor of electricity? (A) LOMKF (8) LOMCCI, (© LOMBas (D) LOMSrBr, ‘The bond length between any two nonmetal atoms is achieved under which of the following, conditions? (A) Where the energy of interaction between the atoms is at its minimum value (B) Where the nuclei of each atom exhibits the strongest attraction to the electrons of the other atom (C)_The point at which the attractive force between the two atoms is lager than the repulsive force (D) The closest point at which a valence electron from one atom can transfer to the other atom Use the following information to answer questions 12-15, Consider the Lewis structures forthe following molecules: CO,, CO, NOs, and NO; ‘Which molecule would have the shortest bonds? ® co @) col © No. () No; Which molecules are best represented by multiple resonance structures? (A) CO, and CO? 8 (©) CO,-and NO; () CO.-,NO;-, and NO, Which molecule or molecules exhibit sp* hybridization around the central atom? (A) CO, and CO (B) NO, and NO; (© CO” and NO, () CO,*, NO; and NO; 108 | For more free content, visit [Link]AP Chemistry Prep 15. Which molecule would have the smallest bond angle between terminal atoms? (A) co, @®) CO; (©) NO; () NO; Free-Response Questions 1. The ion below, known as an enolate, has a formula of C,H,O- and two possible Lewis electron-dot diagram representations: (a) Using formal charge, determine which structure is the most likely correct structure, (b) For carbon atom “x” inthe structure you chose: (i) What is the hybridization around the atom? (ii) How many sigma and pi bonds has the atom formed? (©) Ahhydrogen ion attaches itself to the enolate ion, creating C,H,O. Draw the Lewis diagram of the new molecule, V. Usit2: Molecular and oi Cound Suture and Proeries | 108