COURSE STRUCTURE –R20A

PROGRAM: [Link]. (MECHANICAL ENGINEERING)

III SEMESTER ([Link]./I-Semester)

Contact Scheme of
S. No. Course code Course Title hours/week Credits Valuation
L T P CIE SEE Total

Theory Courses
Vector Calculus,
1 20BSC2101 3 0 0 3 30 70 100
Transforms & PDE
2 20PCC2114 Mechanics of Solids 3 0 0 3 30 70 100
Material Science &
3 20PCC2115 Metallurgy 3 0 0 3 30 70 100

Production
4 20PCC2116 3 0 0 3 30 70 100
Technology
5 20PCC2117 Thermodynamics 3 0 0 3 30 70 100

Laboratory Courses
Metallurgy & 0 0 3 1.5
6 20PCC2118 30 70 100
Mechanics of Solids
Production 0 0 3 1.5
7 20PCC2119 30 70 100
Technology
8 20PCC2120 Machine Drawing 0 0 3 1.5 30 70 100
Essence of Indian
9 20MC2101 2 0 0 0 30 70 100
Traditional Knowledge
10 20SC2101 Skill oriented course-I 1 0 2 2.0 30 70 100
Total 18 0 11 21.5 300 700 1000

1
 SYLLABUS – R20A
PROGRAM: [Link]. (MECHANICAL ENGINEERING)

VECTOR CALCULUS, TRANSFORMS L T P Cr.

B. Tech. (III Sem.)
& PDE (20BSC2101) 3 0 0 3

Pre-requisites: Basic knowledge in Mathematics

Course Objectives:

1. To familiarize the techniques in partial differential equations

2. To furnish the learners with basic concepts and techniques at plus two level
to lead them into advanced level by handling various real world applications.

Course Outcomes: At the end of the course, the student will be able to
CO1: Extend calculus to vector functions and interpret vector integral theorems.
CO2: Determine Laplace transforms, inverse Laplace transforms and solve linear
ODEs.
CO3: Calculate the Fourier series and Fourier transforms for certain functions.
CO4: Solve the linear and non-linear partial differential equations.
CO5: Identify solution methods for partial differential equations that model
physical processes.

UNIT– I: Vector calculus:

Vector Differentiation: Gradient– Directional derivative – Divergence– Curl–
Scalar Potential
Vector Integration: Line integral – Work done – Area– Surface and volume
integrals – Vector integral theorems: Greens, Stokes and Gauss Divergence
theorems (without proof) and problems on above theorems.

UNIT – II: Laplace Transforms:

Laplace transforms – Definition and Laplace transforms of some certain
functions– Shifting theorems – Transforms of derivatives and integrals – Unit step

2
function –Dirac’s delta function -Periodic function – Inverse Laplace transforms–
Convolution theorem (without proof).
Applications: Solving ordinary differential equations (initial value problems) using
Laplace transforms.

UNIT – III: Fourier series and Fourier Transforms:

Fourier series: Introduction– Periodic functions – Fourier series of periodic
function – Dirichlet’s conditions – Even and odd functions –Change of interval–
Half-range sine and cosine series.
Fourier Transforms: Fourier integral theorem (without proof) – Fourier sine and
cosine integrals – Sine and cosine transforms – Properties (article-22.5 in text
book-1)– inverse transforms – Convolution theorem (without proof) – Finite
Fourier transforms.

UNIT – IV: PDE of first order:

Formation of partial differential equations by elimination of arbitrary constants
and arbitrary functions – Solutions of first order linear (Lagrange) equation and
nonlinear (standard types) equations.

UNIT – V: Second order PDE and Applications:

Second order PDE: Solutions of linear partial differential equations with constant
coefficients –non-homogeneous term of the type eax+by, sin (ax+by), cos (ax + by),
xmyn.
Applications of PDE: Method of separation of Variables– Solution of One-
dimensional Wave, Heat and two-dimensional Laplace equation.

TEXT BOOKS
1. B. S. Grewal, Higher Engineering Mathematics, 44th Edition, Khanna
Publishers.
2. B. V. Ramana, Higher Engineering Mathematics, 2007 Edition, Tata Mc.
Graw Hill Education.

REFERENCE
1. Erwin Kreyszig, Advanced Engineering Mathematics, 10th Edition, Wiley-
India.2015.
2. Dean. G. Duffy Advanced Engineering Mathematics with MATLAB, 3rd
Edition, CRC Press, 2010.
3. Srimantha Pal, S C Bhunia, Engineering Mathematics, Oxford University
Press,2015.

3
 MECHANICS OF SOLIDS L T P Cr.
[Link]. (III-Sem.)
(20PCC2114) 3 0 0 3

Pre-Requisites: Engineering Mathematics, Engineering Mechanics

Course Objective: The students completing this course are expected to

understand the basic terms like stress, strain, poisons ratio…etc. and different
stresses induced in beams, thin cylinders and thick cylinders. Further, the
student shall be able to understand the shear stresses in circular shafts.

Course Outcomes: At the end of the course, the student will be able to:

CO1: Determine the stresses and strains in members subjected to loads and
change of temperatures.
CO2: Draw the Shear force and bending moment diagrams for different types of
beams.
CO3: Calculate the bending and shear stresses in beams of different cross
sections.
CO4: Estimate the slope and deflections in beams for different support
arrangements.
CO5: Determine the stresses induced in thin and thick cylinders subjected to
internal pressures and the shear stress in the shafts on effect of torsion.

UNIT – I
SIMPLE STRESSES & STRAINS: Introduction, Types of stresses & strains,
Elasticity and plasticity, Hooke’s law, stress – strain diagram for mild steel,
Working stress, Factor of safety, Lateral strain, Poisson’s ratio & volumetric strain,
Bars of varying section, composite bars, Temperature stresses, Relation between
elastic constants, Strain energy – Resilience – Gradual, sudden, impact and shock
loadings.

UNIT – II
SHEAR FORCE AND BENDING MOMENT: Definition of beam – Types of beams –
Concept of shear force and bending moment – S.F and B.M diagrams for
cantilever, simply supported and overhanging beams subjected to point loads,
U.D.L., uniformly varying loads and combination of these loads – Point of contra
flexure – Relation between S.F., B.M and rate of loading.

UNIT – III
FLEXURAL STRESSES: Theory of simple bending – Assumptions – Derivation of
bending equation, section modulus of rectangular and circular sections (Solid and
Hollow), Determination bending stresses in I, T, Angle and Channel section beams.
4
SHEAR STRESSES: Development of Shear stress formula – Shear stress
distribution across various beams sections like rectangular, circular, triangular, I,
T and angle sections.

UNIT – IV
DEFLECTION OF BEAMS: Relation among slope, deflection and radius of
curvature – Differential equation for the elastic curve of a beam –Determination of
Slope and deflection for simple beams in Double integration method,
Determination of slope and deflection for cantilever and simply supported beams
subjected to point loads, U.D.L & U.V.L. in Macaulay’s Method.

UNIT – V
THIN CYLINDERS: Thin seamless cylindrical shells – Derivation of formula for
longitudinal and hoop stresses – hoop, longitudinal and Volumetric strains –
changes in diameter, length and volume of thin cylinders subjected internal
pressure, Thin spherical shells.
THICK CYLINDERS: Lame’s equations – cylinders subjected to inside & outside
pressures.
TORSION: Introduction, Derivation of Torsion equation, Torsion in Circular
Shafts-Transmission of power by circular shafts, Shafts in series, Shafts in
parallel.

Text Books:
1. Strength of materials by R. K. Bansal, Lakshmi Publications.
2. Mechanics of Materials/Gere and Timoshenko, CBS Publishers

References:
1. Strength of Materials -By Jindal, Umesh Publications.
2. Analysis of structures by Vazirani and Ratwani.
3. Mechanics of Structures Vol-III, by [Link].

5
 MATERIAL SCIENCE & METALLURGY L T P Cr.
B. Tech. (III Sem.)
(20PCC2115) 3 0 0 3

Course Objective: To understand the basic fundamentals of Material science and

Physical metallurgy. The basic concepts to be taught will help for the
improvement, proper selection and effective utilization of materials which is
essential to satisfy the ever-increasing demands of the society.

Course Outcomes: At the end of the course, the student will be able to

CO1: Understand the various crystal imperfections in materials.

CO2: Discuss the behavior of ferrous and nonferrous metals & alloys and their
application in different domains.
CO3: Describe the effect of alloying elements on iron-iron carbide system and heat
treatment process used for improved mechanical properties of materials.
CO4: Explain various methods of producing the metal powders and applications of
powder metallurgy.
CO5: Understand various types of ceramics, manufacturing of composite
materials and their applications.

UNIT–I
Structure of Metals and Constitution of alloys: Bonds in Solids, Metallic bond,
crystallization of metals, Packing Factor - SC, BCC, FCC& HCP-line density, plane
density. Grain and grain boundaries, effect of grain boundaries on the Properties
of metal/alloys–determination of grain size. Imperfections –point, line, surface and
volume-Slip and Twinning. Necessity of alloying, types of solid solutions, Hume-
Rothery’s rules, intermediate alloy phases, and electron compounds
Equilibrium Diagrams: Experimental methods of construction of equilibrium
diagrams, Isomorphism alloy systems, equilibrium cooling and heating of alloys,
Lever rule, coring miscibility gaps, eutectic systems, congruent melting
intermediate phases, peritectic reaction. Transformations in the solid state –
allotropy, eutectoid, peritectoid reactions, phase rule, relationship between
equilibrium diagrams and properties of alloys. Study of binary phase diagrams
such as Cu-Ni and Fe-Fe3C.

UNIT–II
Ferrous metals and alloys: Structure and properties of White Cast iron, Malleable
Cast iron, grey cast iron, Spheroidal graphite cast iron, Alloy cast irons.

6
Classification of steels, structure and properties of plain carbon steels, Low alloy
steels, field manganese steels, tool and die steels.
Non-ferrous Metals and Alloys: Structure and properties of copper and its alloys,
Aluminium and its alloys, Titanium and its alloys, Magnesium and its alloys,
Super alloys.

UNIT–III
Heat treatment of Alloys: Effect of alloying elements on Fe-Fe3C system,
annealing, normalizing, hardening, TTT diagrams, tempering, hardenability,
surface-hardening methods, Age hardening treatment, Cryogenic treatment of
alloys.

UNIT–IV
Powder Metallurgy: Basic processes-Methodsofproducingmetalpowders-
millingatomization-Granulation-Reduction-Electrolytic Deposition. Compacting
methods–Sintering-Methods of manufacturing sintered parts. Sintering Secondary
Operations-Sizing, coining, machining-Factors determining the use of powder
metallurgy-Application of this process.

UNIT–V
Ceramic and composite materials: Crystalline ceramics, glasses, ceramets,
abrasive materials, Classification of composites, various methods of component
manufacture of composites, particle–reinforced materials, fiber reinforced
materials, metal ceramic mixtures, metal–matrix composites and C –C composites.
Nanomaterials –definition, properties and applications.

TEXTBOOKS:
1. Material Science and Metallurgy–Dr. [Link]- Everest Publishing House
2. Introduction to Physical Metallurgy –SidneyH. Avener-McGrawHill.

REFERENCES:
1. Materials Science and engineering-Callister & Baalasubrahmanyam- Wiley
Publications
2. Material science and [Link]-PHI Publishers
3. Material Science and Metallurgy–AVK Suryanarayana–BS Publications

7
 PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY L T P Cr.
[Link]. (III Sem.)
(20PCC2116) 3 0 0 3

Course Objective: To impart basic knowledge and understanding about the

primary manufacturing processes such as casting, joining, bulk forming, sheet
metal forming and powder metallurgy and their relevance in current
manufacturing industry.

COURSE OUTCOMES (COs): After completion of the course, student will be able
to
CO1: Understand the concepts of metal casting and pattern making.
CO2: Describe various methods of melting, risering and gating system.
CO3: Explain various types of conventional and advanced welding techniques.
CO4: Understand various bulk metal forming processes such as rolling, forging
and extrusion.
CO5: Discuss various sheet metal forming processes and their applications.

UNIT – I
CASTING: Steps involved in making a casting – Advantage of casting and its
applications. Patterns and Pattern making – Types of patterns – Materials used for
patterns, pattern allowances and their construction, Molding – molding methods -
ingredients of molding sand –. Molding materials, Properties of molding sand,
testing of molding sand. Types of molding – Hand molding – Machine molding.
Core – different types of cores – materials – properties of core sand – core
manufacturing.

UNIT – II
Principles of Gating, Gating ratio and design of gating systems. Risers – Types,
function and design, casting design considerations. Methods of melting and types
of furnaces - cupola, electric arc, resistance and induction furnace. Solidification
of Castings-Solidification of pure metals and Alloys-Short & long freezing range
alloys. Fettling. Casting defects. Basic principles and applications of special
casting processes, Centrifugal casting–True, semi and centrifuging, die-casting,
Investment casting and shell molding.

UNIT – III
Welding: Classification of welding processes, types of welded joints and their
characteristics, Gas welding, Different types of flames and uses, Oxy – Acetylene
Gas cutting. Basic principles of Arc welding, power characteristics, Manual metal

8
arc welding, submerged arc welding, TIG & MIG welding. Electro – slag welding.
Resistance welding, Friction welding, Friction stir welding, Forge welding,
Explosive welding; Thermit welding, Plasma Arc welding, Laser welding, electron
beam welding, Soldering & Brazing. Heat affected zones in welding; pre & post
heating, Weldability of metals, welding defects – causes and remedies – destructive
and nondestructive testing of welds.

UNIT – IV
Plastic deformation in metals and alloys-recovery, recrystallization and grain
growth. Hot working and Cold Working-Strain hardening and Annealing. Bulk
forming processes: Forging - Types of Forging, Smith forging, Drop Forging, Roll
forging, Forging hammers, Rotary forging, forging defects; Rolling – fundamentals,
types of rolling mills and products, Forces in rolling and power requirements.
Extrusion and its characteristics. Types of extrusion, Impact extrusion,
Hydrostatic extrusion; Wire drawing and Tube drawing.

UNIT – V
Sheet metal forming - Blanking and piercing, Forces and power requirement in
these operations, Deep drawing, stretch forming, Bending, Spring back and its
remedies, Coining, Spinning, Types of presses and press tools. High energy rate
forming processes: Principles of explosive forming, electromagnetic forming,
Electro hydraulic forming, rubber pad forming, advantages and limitations.

TEXT BOOKS:
1. Manufacturing Technology -Vol I- P.N. Rao- TMH
2. Manufacturing Processes for Engineering Materials – Kalpakjian S and Steven R
Schmid- Pearson Publ, 5th Edn.

REFERENCES:
1. Manufacturing Science – [Link]&[Link] – East West Press Pvt. Ltd
2. Production Technology- R.K. Jain- Khanna
3. Production Technology-P C Sharma-S. Chand
4. A Course in Workshop Technology Volume 1, Manufacturing Processes- B. S.
Raghuwanshi, Dhanpat Rai & Co.

9
 THERMODYNAMICS L T P Cr.
[Link]. (III Sem.)
(20PCC2117) 3 0 0 3

Course Objectives: To impart the knowledge of the thermodynamic laws and

principles so as to enable the student to prepare an energy audit of any
mechanical system that exchange heat and work with the surroundings.

Course Outcomes: After undergoing the course the student will be able to

CO1: Understand the concepts of thermodynamics and evaluate energy inter

actions across the boundary of thermodynamic systems.
CO2: Describe the application of laws of thermodynamics to nozzles, boilers,
turbines, heat pumps, heat engines, compressors and heat exchangers.
CO3: Discuss the heat and work interactions by applying the concepts of
entropy
CO4: Understand the thermodynamic systems involving pure substances and
mixtures.
CO5: Describe the gas laws and various psychometric processes.

UNIT – I
Introduction: Basic Concepts: System, boundary, Surrounding, Universe, control
volume, Types of Systems, Macroscopic and Microscopic viewpoints, Concept of
Continuum, Thermodynamic Equilibrium, State, Property, Process - Reversible,
Quasi static & Irreversible Processes, cycle, Causes of Irreversibility. Energy in
State & in Transition, Types, Work and Heat, Point and Path function.
Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics: Concept of Temperature – Principles of
Thermometry –Reference Points – Const. Volume gas Thermometer – Scales of
Temperature.

UNIT – II
Joule’s Experiments – First law of Thermodynamics – Corollaries – First law
applied to a Process – applied to a flow system –Energy balance for closed systems-
Specific heats- Internal energy, Enthalpy and Specific heats of Solids, liquids and
Ideal gases, some steady flow energy equation applied to Nozzle, Turbine,
Compressor and heat exchanger devices, PMM-I.

UNIT – III
Limitations of the First Law – Thermal Reservoir, Heat Engine, Heat pump,
Parameters of performance, Second Law of Thermodynamics, Kelvin-Planck and
Clausius Statements and their Equivalence, Corollaries, PMM of Second kind,

10
Carnot cycle and its specialties, Carnot’s theorem, Thermodynamic scale of
Temperature.
Clausius Inequality, Entropy, Principle of Entropy Increase, Availability and
Irreversibility (Basic definitions) – Thermodynamic Potentials, Gibbs and Helmholtz
Functions, Maxwell Relations – Elementary Treatment of the Third Law of
Thermodynamics.

UNIT – IV
Pure Substances, P-V-T- surfaces, T-S and h-s diagrams, Mollier Charts, Phase
Transformations – Triple point and critical point, properties during change of
phase, Dryness Fraction – Clausius – Clapeyron Equation, Property tables.
Various Thermodynamic processes and energy Transfer – Steam Calorimetry.

UNIT – V
Ideal Gas equation of state- Compressibility factor- Vander Waals equation of
state- Beattie-Bridgeman equation of state- Benedict-Webb-Rubin equation of
state- Viral equation of state- compressibility charts– Variable specific heats.
Mixtures of perfect Gases – Dalton’s Law of partial pressure, Avogadro’s Laws of
additive volumes, Enthalpy, Specific Heat and Entropy of Mixture of Perfect Gases
and Vapours. Psychrometric Properties – Temperature definitions, Types of
humidity, Vapour pressure, Degree of saturation, Psychrometric chart.

TEXT BOOKS:
1. Engineering Thermodynamics, PK Nag 6thEdn, McGraw-Hill.
2. Fundamentals of Thermodynamics – Sonntag, Borgnakke, Van Wylen, 6thEdn,
Wiley.

REFERENCE BOOKS:
1. Thermodynamics, an Engineering Approach, Yunus A
2. Cenegel, Michael.A Bole,8thEdn in SI Units, Mc Graw Hill.
3. Thermodynamics – J.P. Holman,McGrawHill.

11
 L T P Cr.
METALLURGY & MECHANICS OF
[Link]. (III Sem.)
SOLIDS LAB (20PCC2118) 0 0 3 1.5
Course Objective: The students completing this course are to know the
microstructures of various materials and their hardness evaluation. Also convey
practical knowledge on the evaluation of material properties through various
testing procedures.
Course Outcomes: At the end of the course, the student will be able to
CO1: Compile the data, organize and analyze it for discussion and report the
findings and observations from experiential learning activities in the laboratory.
CO2: Build holistic development and pleasing disposition by reviewing and
correcting the performance to become independent and autonomous thinker.
CO3: Examine the microstructures of various materials and their hardness
evaluation.
CO4: Determine the material properties through various testing procedures.

NOTE: Any 6 experiments from each section of A and B.

(A) METALLURGY LAB:

1. Preparation and study of the Microstructure of pure metals like Iron, Cu
and Al.
2. Preparation and study of the Microstructure of Mild steel, medium carbon
steels, and high carbon steels.
3. Study of the Micro Structures of Cast Irons.
4. Study of the Micro Structures of Non-Ferrous alloys.
5. Study of the Microstructures of Heat-treated steels.
6. Hardeneability of steels by Jominey End Quench Test.
7. Find out the hardness of various treated and untreated steels.

(B) MECHANICS OF SOLIDS LAB:

1. Direct tension test.
2. Bending test on
(a) Simple supported
(b) Cantilever beam
3. Torsion test
4. Hardness test
(a) Brinell’s hardness test
(b) Rockwell hardness test
5. Teston springs
6. Compression test on cube
7. Impact test
8. Punch shear test

12
 L T P Cr.
PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY LAB
[Link]. (III Sem.)
(20PCC2119) 0 0 3 1.5

Course objective: To provide hands on experience in operating various types of

internal combustion engines and understands their functioning and performance.

COURSE OUTCOMES (COs): After completion of the course, the student will
be able to

CO.1: compile the data, organize, and analyze it for discussion and report the
findings and observations from experiential learning activities in the laboratory
CO.2: Holistic development and pleasing disposition by reviewing and correcting
the performance to become independent and autonomous thinker.
CO.3: Develop various types of sand moulds and welded joints.
CO.4: Produce various models using sheet metal operations and plastic
Moulding processes.

List of Experiments:
Metal Casting:
1. Design and making of pattern
i. Single piece pattern
ii. Split pattern
2. Sand properties testing
i. Permeability test
ii. Strength test (Compression test & Shear test)
3. Mould preparation
i. Dumble
ii. Gear blank
Welding Operations:
4. Lap joint by manual metal arc welding
5. Butt joint by manual metal arc welding
6. Corner joint by TIG/MIG Welding.
7. Resistance Spot welding of a carriage handle.
8. Gas cutting and welding
9. Study of Brazing and soldering.
Processing of Plastics:
10. Injection Molding
11. Blow Molding
Sheet metal operations:
12. Blanking and Piercing
13. V-Bending

13
 L T P Cr.
MACHINE DRAWING
[Link]. (III Sem.)
(20PCC2120) 0 0 3 1.5

Course Objective: The student will acquire knowledge in national and

international standards while drawing machine components students will also
familiarize in drawing assembly, orthographic and sectional views of various
machine components.

COURSE OUTCOMES (COs): After completion of the course the student will be
able to

CO.1: Compile the data, organize and analyze it for discussion and report the
findings and observations from experiential learning activities in the laboratory.
CO.2: Build holistic development and pleasing disposition by reviewing and
correcting the performance to become independent and autonomous thinker.
CO.3 Develop the drawings for conventional representation of various mechanical
fasteners, joints, Couplings and bearings.
CO.4: Produce the assembly drawings of machine components from the individual
part drawings.

Machine Drawing Conventions:

Need for drawing conventions – introduction to IS conventions- Standardization-
Interchangeability-Selective Assembly-Tolerance
a) Conventional representation of materials, common machine elements and
parts such as screws, nuts, bolts, keys, gears, webs, ribs.
b) Types of sections – selection of section planes and drawing of sections and
auxiliary sectional views. Parts not usually sectioned.
c) Methods of dimensioning, general rules for sizes and placement of dimensions
for holes, centers, curved tapered features and surface finish indication
d) Title boxes, their size, location and details - common abbreviations & their
liberal usage
e) Types of Drawings – working drawings for machine parts.

PART-A:
I. Drawing of Machine Elements and simple parts using Auto-CAD:
Selection of Views, additional views for the following machine elements and parts
with every drawing proportion.
a) Popular forms of Screw threads, bolts, nuts, stud bolts, tap bolts, set screws.
b) Keys, cotter joints, knuckle joint, Hook’s joint

14
c) Riveted joints for plates
d) Shaft couplings.
e) Journal, pivot and collar and foot step bearings.

PART-B:
II. Assembly Drawings:
Drawings of assembled views for the part drawings of the following with
conventions and easy drawing proportions.
a) Engine parts – Connecting rod, stuffing box and eccentric assembly.
b) other machine parts - Screws jack, Plummer block and Tailstock.

TEXT BOOKS:
1. Machine Drawing –[Link], [Link] & K. Venkata Reddy / New Age/
Publishers.
2. Machine Drawing – [Link], [Link]&[Link] -TMH

REFERENCES:
1. Machine Drawing – [Link],
2. Machine Drawing – N.D. Junnarkar, Pearson
3. Machine Drawing – Ajeeth Singh, McGraw Hill

15
 L T P Cr.
ESSENCE OF INDIAN TRADITIONAL
B. Tech. (III Sem.)
KNOWLEDGE (20MC2101) 2 0 0 0

Pre-requisites: Subject does not require any prerequisite

Course Objectives:

1. To understand the concept of Traditional knowledge and its evolution

2. To know how to protect traditional knowledge
3. To know the various enactments related to the protection of traditional
knowledge
4. To understand the concepts of Intellectual property to protect the
traditional knowledge

Course Outcomes: At the end of the course, the student will be able to

CO1: Understand the nature and importance of Traditional Knowledge

CO2: Know the basic need of protecting Traditional Knowledge.
CO3: Explain different acts that protect Traditional Knowledge
CO4: Understand the relation between Traditional Knowledge and Intellectual
Property Rights
CO5: Explain various applications of Traditional Knowledge in different sectors

UNIT-I
Introduction to traditional knowledge: Define traditional knowledge, nature and
characteristics, scope and importance, kinds of traditional knowledge, the physical
and social contexts in which traditional knowledge develop, the historical impact of
social change on traditional knowledge systems. Indigenous Knowledge (IK),
characteristics, traditional knowledge vis-à-vis indigenous knowledge, traditional
knowledge Vs western knowledge traditional knowledge vis-à-vis formal knowledge.

UNIT – II:
Protection of traditional knowledge: the need for protecting traditional
knowledge Significance of
TK Protection, value of TK in global economy, Role of Government to harness TK.

UNIT – III:
Legal framework and TK: A: The Scheduled Tribes and Other Traditional Forest
Dwellers (Recognition of Forest Rights) Act, 2006, Plant Varieties Protection and

16
Farmers Rights Act, 2001 (PPVFR Act);B:The Biological Diversity Act 2002 and
Rules 2004, the protection of traditional knowledge bill, 2016. Geographical

UNIT – IV:
Traditional knowledge and intellectual property: Systems of traditional
knowledge protection, Legal concepts for the protection of traditional knowledge,
Certain non IPR mechanisms of traditional knowledge protection, Patents and
traditional knowledge, Strategies to increase protection of traditional knowledge,
global legal FORA for increasing protection of Indian traditional knowledge
indications act 2003.

Unit – V:
Traditional knowledge in different sectors: Traditional knowledge and
engineering, Traditional medicine system, TK and biotechnology, TK in agriculture,
Traditional societies depend on it for their food and healthcare needs, Importance of
conservation and sustainable development of environment, Management of
biodiversity, Food security of the country and protection of TK.

TEXT BOOKS
1. Traditional Knowledge System in India, by Amit Jha, 2009.
2. Traditional Knowledge System and Technology in India by Basanta Kumar
Mohanta and Vipin Kumar Singh, PratibhaPrakashan 2012.

REFERENCE BOOKS
1. Traditional Knowledge System in India by Amit Jha Atlantic publishers,
2. Knowledge Traditions and Practices of India" Kapil Kapoor, Michel Danino.

E-RESOURCES
1. [Link]
2. [Link]

17
 SKILL ORIENTED COURSE-I L T P Cr.
B. Tech. (III Sem.) C PROGRAMMING
(20SC2101) 1 0 2 2

S. No. Topic
I. BASICS
1 Introduction to C Programming Language
2 Understanding Comments and Tokens
3 Understanding character set and Identifiers in C
4 Understanding Variables and Keywords
5 Understanding the syntax of main () function and its usage
6 Understanding the syntax of printf () function and its usage
Basics of Bits and Bytes – Binary, Decimal, Octal, Hexadecimal
7
representations
8 Data Types – Primitive, Derived, User defined, etc.
Constants – integer, floating-point, character and string
9
constants
Understanding Type Qualifiers – signed, unsigned, short, long,
10
etc.
11 Understanding Symbolic Constants and their usage
12 Understanding One's and Two's complement forms
13 Extra problem-solving exercises
Assignment - 1
II. OPERATORS IN C
1 Understanding Expressions and Statements
2 Understanding Arithmetic operators
3 Understanding Relational and Equality operators
4 Understanding Logical operators
5 Understanding Assignment operator
6 Understanding Unary operators
7 Understanding Conditional or Ternary operator
8 Understanding Bitwise operators
9 Understanding the usage of Comma and sizeof operators
10 Understanding operator precedence and associativity
11 Working with type conversions – Implicit and Explicit
12 Extra problem-solving exercises
Assignment - 2
III. DATA INPUT & OUTPUT
Usage of Preprocessor Directives – #include, #define, #ifdef, #if,
1
#elif, #else, #endif, #undefine, ##
2 Learning character oriented I/O functions – getchar (), putchar ()
3 Understanding the usage of I/O functions – scanf (), printf ()
4 Learning string I/O functions – gets (), puts ()
5 Working with additional formatting features of I/O Functions
6 Understanding Algorithms and Flowcharts

18
 7 Revisiting the Basic Structure of a C program
8 Extra problem-solving exercises
Assignment - 3
IV. CONTROL FLOW STATEMENTS
Understanding selective statements – if, if-else, if-else-if, nested
1
if-else, switch-case
2 Exercises with selective statements – different programs
3 Understanding iterative statements – while, do-while, for loops
4 Exercises with iterative statements – different programs
Understanding unconditional control statements – break,
5
continue, go-to
6 Extra problem-solving exercises
Assignment - 4
V. ARRAYS IN C
1 Working with one-dimensional arrays
2 Working with multi-dimensional arrays
3 Arrays a deep dive
4 Exercises with single and milti-dimensional arrays
Understanding different searching techniques – Linear search
5
and Binary search
Understanding different sorting techniques – Bubble sort,
6
Insertion sort and Selection sort
7 Understanding initialization of arrays
8 Extra problem-solving exercises
Assignment - 5
VI. STRINGS
1 Working with one-dimensional arrays
2 Working with multi-dimensional arrays
3 Arrays a deep dive
4 Exercises with single and multi-dimensional arrays
Understanding different searching techniques – Linear search
5
and Binary search
Understanding different sorting techniques – Bubble sort,
6
Insertion sort and Selection sort
7 Understanding initialization of arrays
8 Extra problem-solving exercises
Assignment - 6
VII. FUNCTIONS
1 Different types of functions – library and user defined functions
2 How to declare, define and call a user defined function
3 Understanding formal and actual arguments
4 Understanding local and global variables
5 Functions with different return types and arguments
6 Working with functions and one-dimension arrays
7 Working with functions and multi-dimension arrays

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 8 Extra problem-solving exercises
Assignment - 7
VIII. STORAGE CLASSES
1 Understanding scope and lifetime of a variable
2 Working with automatic variables
3 Working with extern variables
4 Working with static variables
5 Working with register variables
6 Extra problem-solving exercises
Assignment - 8
IX. RECURSION
1 Understanding a recursive function
2 Different types of recursions
3 Problem solving using recursion – factorial, gcd, Fibonacci series
4 Tower's of Hanoi problem
5 Advantages and disadvantages of recursion
6 Extra problem-solving exercises
Assignment - 9
X. POINTERS
1 Introduction to pointers - understanding the usage of * and &
2 Understanding declaration and usage of pointer variables
Understanding the difference between call-by-value and call-by-
3
address
Working with dynamic memory allocation functions – malloc (),
4
calloc (), realloc () and free ()
5 Working with one-dimensional arrays and pointers
6 Working with multi-dimensional arrays and pointers
7 Understanding an array of pointers
8 Understanding the concept of a pointer to an array
9 Understanding multiple-indirections or double-pointers
10 Extra problem-solving exercises
Assignment - 10
XI. STRUCTURES & UNIONS
1 Understanding and working with structures
Accessing structure members using dot(.) and arrow (->)
2
operators
3 Understanding initialization of structure variables
4 Working with an array of structures
5 Understanding nested structures
6 Passing structures to functions
7 Working with pointers to structures
8 Understanding self-referential structures
9 Understanding the difference between structures and arrays
10 Understanding and working with unions
11 Understanding the difference between structures and unions

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 12 Extra problem-solving exercises
Assignment - 11
XII. FILES & COMMAND LINE ARGUMENTS
1 Understanding streams and files
2 Working with different file operations
3 Opening and closing files
4 Understanding read and write operations on files
5 Read and write operations using getc () and putc ()
6 Read and write operations using getw () and putw ()
7 Read and write operations using fgets() and fputs()
8 Read and write operations using fscanf() and fprintf()
9 Read and write operations using fread() and fwrite()
Randomly accessing file's content using ftell(), fseek() and
10
rewind()
11 Understanding error handling during I/O – feof(), ferror(), perror()
12 Working with command line arguments
13 Extra problem-solving exercises
Assignment - 12
# The complete course includes extensive coding and practice exercises.

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