The Term ‘’NUTRACEUTICALS’’ was coined from

nutrition and pharmaceuticals in 1989 by Stephen

defelice .
NUTRACEUTICALS is defined as A food or a part of
food that provides Medical and health benefits
including the prevention and treatment of
disease.
Health cannada redefines nutraceuticals as “A
product isolated or purified from foods and sold in
medical forms not usually associated with food
and demonstrated to have a physiological benefits
or provide protection against chronic diseases.
DIETARY SUPPLEMENT HEALTH and EDUCATION
ACT {DSHEA} 1994 coined that NUTRACEUTICALS
include Vitamins , Minerals , Herbs and Amino
Acids to supplement human diet by increasing
total dietary intake .

Q WHY NUTRACEUTICALS ?
[Link] are living in a Highly toxic Enviroment
filled with Pollution and Pesticides that throw
off our body ability to regulate it.
[Link] is impossible to get adequate Nutrition from
routine food .

Q WHY NUTRACEUTICALS SEEM

ATTRACTIVE ?
 NUTRACEUTICALS are easily available without
prescription .
 Good quality supplements Strengthen entire
body and adds vitality .
 NUTRACEUTICALS CAN BE
CLASSIFIED AS :
A. Potential Nutraceuticals :
one which is having a promising approach
towards particular health or medicinal benefit .
B. Established Nutraceuticals :
o A potential nutraceuticals becomes
established only after there are sufficient
clinical use to demonstrate a benefit .
o Products that typically claim to prevent
chronic diseases ,improve health , delay in
ageing and increase life expectancy Include :
 DIETARY SUPPLEMENT :
o A dietary supplement is a product which
contains nutrients derived from food
products that are concentrated in liquid
or capsule form .
o The DSHEA defines dietary supplement as
Product taken by mouth and which
contains ‘’dietary indgerdients ‘’.
o Dietary ingredients include:
Vitamins ,Minerals and herbs .
 FUNCTIONAL FOOD :
o Functional foods are designed to allow
coustmers to eat enriched food close to
their natural state , rather than by taking
 dietary supplements manufactured in
liquid or capsule form .
o Functional foods term is coined by
Japanese scientists in 1970.

 MEDICAL FOODS :
o According to FDA medical foods are the
products which are to be consumed or taken
under the supervision of a physician .
 FARMACEUTICALS:
o Farmaceuticals are referred to as medically
valuable compounds produced from modified
Agricultural crops or animals {usually through
Biotechnology }.
 DIFFERENT CLASSES OF
NATURAL PRODUCTS USED IN
NUTRACEUTICALS:
The food substance used as nutraceuticals
contains :
 ANTIOXIDANTS :
o An Antioxidant is a molecule capable of
inhibiting the oxidation of other molecules .
o Although oxidation reactions are crucial for
life, they can also be damaging to cell
membranes , hence plant and animals
maintain complex systems of multiple types
of Antioxidants such as Vitamin C , Vitamin E
And enzymes such as superoxidedimutase
And various peroxidase .
Low level of antioxidants , cause
oxidativestress and may damage or kill cells.
 EMERGING PRODUCTS :
 LYCOPENE :
An Acyclic cartenoid found mainly in
tomatoes .
MOA – Decrease Oxidative damage to
DNA.
USE – Anticarcinogenic activity .
 LIMONENE :
A monocyclic monoterpene fond in
essential oil.
 RESERVETROL:
 A phenolic comound found in green
vegetables , citrus fruit and red wine .
MOA- prevent oxidative damage .
USE – Anticarcinogenic and
Antiinflamatory property .
 POTENTIAL APLICATION OF
ANTIOXIDANTS :
o Anticarcinogenic property .
o Prevention of Anthrosclerosis by
preventing the oxidation of LDL and
indicated for the prevention of
Cardiovascular problem.
o Prevent Premature ageing of skin .
 PUFA {POLYUNSATURATED
FATTY ACID }:
They are present in various vegetable oils and
marine animals .
o VEGETABLE OILS : corn {zea
mays },soyabean oil {Glycine max }
o MARINE ANIMALS :some marine fishes
contains pufa such as shark , cod and
sardines .

 PROBIOTICS :
Probiotics are
live microorganisms promoted with
claims that they provide health benefits
when consumed, generally by improving
or restoring the gut flora .
 Probiotics are considered generally safe
to consume, but may cause bacteria-
host interactions and unwanted side
effects in rare cases.
 There is some evidence that probiotics
are beneficial for some conditions, but
there is little evidence for many of the
health benefits claimed for them.
 The first discovered probiotic was a
certain strain of bacillus in Bulgarian
yogurt, called Lactobacillus bulgaricus.
The discovery was made in 1905 by
Bulgarian physician and
microbiologist Stamen Grigorov.
The modern-day theory is generally
attributed to Russian Nobel laureate Élie
Metchnikoff, who postulated around 1907
that yoghurt-consuming Bulgarian
peasants lived longer.
A bottle of Yakult, a probiotic drink
containing Lactobacillus paracasei.
 A growing probiotics market
has led to the need for
stricter requirements
for scientific substantiation of
putative benefits conferred
by microorganisms claimed
to be probiotic. Although
numerous claimed benefits are marketed
towards using consumer probiotic products,
such as reducing gastrointestinal discomfort,
improving immune
health, relieving constipation, or avoiding
the common cold, such claims are not
supported by scientific evidence, and are
prohibited as deceptive advertising in the
United States by the Federal Trade
Commission. As of 2019, numerous
applications for approval of health claims by
European manufacturers of probiotic dietary
supplements have been rejected by
the European Food Safety Authority for
insufficient evidence of beneficial mechanism
or efficacy. As food products or dietary
supplements, probiotics are under preliminary
research to evaluate if they provide any effect
on health. In all cases proposed as health
claims to the European Food Safety Authority,
the scientific evidence remains insufficient to
prove a cause-and-effect
relationship between consumption of
probiotic products and any health
benefit. There is no scientific basis for
extrapolating an effect from a tested strain to
an untested strain. Improved health through
gut flora modulation appears to be directly
related to long-term dietary changes. Claims
that some lactobacilli may contribute
to weight gain in some humans remain
controversial.
 PREBIOTICS :
Prebiotics are compounds in food
that induce the growth or activity of
beneficial microorganisms such as
bacteria and fungi. The most common
example is in the gastrointestinal
tract, where prebiotics can alter the
composition of organisms in
the gut microbiome.
Dietary prebiotics are typically
nondigestible fiber compounds that
pass undigested through the upper
part of the gastrointestinal tract and
stimulate the growth or activity of
advantageous bacteria in the colon by
acting as substrates for them. They
were first identified and named by
Marcel Roberfroid in 1995. Depending
on the jurisdiction, they may have
regulatory scrutiny as food
additives for the health claims made
for marketing purposes. Common
prebiotics used in food
manufacturinginclude beta-glucan fro
m oats and inulin from chicory root.
The definition of prebiotics and the food
ingredients that can fall under this classification,
has evolved since its first definition in [Link] its
earliest definition, the term prebiotics was used to
refer to non-digestible food ingredients that were
beneficial to the host through their selective
stimulation of specific bacteria within
the colon. Further research has suggested that
selective stimulation has not been scientifically
demonstrated. As a result of research suggesting
that prebiotics could impact microorganisms
outside of the colon, in 2016 the International
Scientific Association for Probiotics and
Prebiotics (ISAPP) produced the following
definition of prebiotics: a substrate that is
selectively used by a host microorganism to
produce a health benefit. In 2021, The Global
Prebiotic Association (GPA) defined a prebiotic as
a product or ingredient that is utilized in the
microbiota producing a health or performance
benefit.
Compounds that can be classified as prebiotics
must also meet the following criteria:
 non-digestible and resistant to breakdown by
stomach acid and enzymes in the
human gastrointestinal tract
 fermented by microorganisms on or in the body

stimulating the growth and activity of beneficial

bacteria. Thus, consumption of prebiotics may
facilitate the health of the host. Based on the
previous classifications, plant-derived
carbohydrate compounds
called oligosaccharides as well as resistant starch
are the main source of prebiotics that have been
identified. Specifically, fructans and galactans are
two oligosaccharide sources which have been
found to stimulate the activity and growth of
beneficial bacterial colonies in the gut. Fructans
are a category of carbohydrate consisting
of fructooligosaccharides (FOS) and inulins,
while galactans consist
of [Link] starch has
been shown to shift the intestinal bacteria, as
well as improve biomarkers for numerous health
[Link] dietary fibers also fit the
definition of prebiotics, such as pectin, beta-
glucans, and xylooligosaccharides.
 Mechanism of action:
Fermentation is the main mechanism of action by
which prebiotics are used by beneficial bacteria in
thecolon. Both Bifidobacteria and Lactobacillus ar
e bacterial populations which
use saccharolytic metabolism to break down
substrates. The bifidobacterial genome contains
many genes that encode for carbohydrate-
modifying enzymes as well as genes that encode
for carbohydrate uptake proteins. The presence of
these genes indicates that Bifidobacteria contain
specific metabolic pathways specialized for the
fermentation and metabolism of plant-derived
oligosaccharides, or prebiotics. These pathways
in Bifidobacteria ultimately produce short chain
fatty acids, which have diverse physiological roles
in body functions.
 SYNBIOTICS :
o food ingredients or dietary
supplements combining probiotic
s and prebiotics in a form
of synergism, hence synbiotics.
o The synbiotic concept was first
introduced as "mixtures of
probiotics and prebiotics that
beneficially affect the host by
 improving the survival and
implantation of live microbial
dietary supplements in
the gastrointestinal tract, by
selectively stimulating the growth
and/or by activating the
metabolism of one or a limited
number of health-
promoting bacteria, thus
improving host welfare". As of
2018, the research on this
concept is preliminary, with no
high-quality evidence from clinical
research that such benefits exist.
 Synbiotics may be complementary
synbiotics, where each component is
independently chosen for its potential
effect on host health, or synergistic
synbiotics, where the prebiotic
component is chosen to support the
activity of the chosen probiotic.
  Research is evaluating if synbiotics
can be optimized, (known as
'optibiotics') which are purported to
 enhance the growth and health
benefits of existing probiotics.
 POSTBIOTICS :

 Postbiotics are the bioactive

compounds the probiotic bacteria
produce when they consume
prebiotics (fiber).

Postbiotics are bioactive compounds made when

the healthy bacteria in your gut, known
as probiotic bacteria, feed on various types of
prebiotic food in your colon, such as fibers .

Although these bioactive compounds are

considered the waste products of probiotic
bacteria, they offer various health benefits to your
body.
This is because many of the health benefits linked
with prebiotics and probiotics actually come from
the production of postbiotics.

There are various types of postbiotics .

 short-chain fatty acids

 lipopolysaccharides
 exopolysaccharides
 enzymes
 cell wall fragments
 bacterial lysates (a mixture made from
bacterial components)
 cell-free supernatants (a mixture of
compounds produced by bacteria and yeast)
 various other metabolites such as vitamins
and amino acids

Postbiotic supplements are not as widely available

yet because they’re relatively new as compared
with prebiotics and probiotics.

However, you can buy them at certain health food

stores and online. Alternatively, you can increase
the number of postbiotics in your body by eating
more prebiotic foods and probiotics, since
postbiotics are their end products.

 BENEFITS OF POSTBIOTICS :
Postbiotics have been associated with several
other emerging health benefits, but more
research is needed to determine the extent of
these effects:

 May help with allergies. A study in 34 adults

with atopic dermatitis (eczema) found that
supplementing with a postbiotic for 8–12
weeks significantly reduced the severity of the
condition. In comparison, the placebo group
saw no improvements.
 May aid weight loss. A few studies suggest
that postbiotics like short-chain fatty acids
may aid weight loss by suppressing hunger
signals .
 May help lower the risk of heart disease. In
animal studies, butyrate seems to help lower
blood pressure and suppress genes that play a
role in cholesterol production .
 May help manage blood sugar levels. Studies
suggest butyrate may help manage blood
sugar levels .
 May have anti-tumor properties. Some test-
tube and animal studies suggest postbiotics
may have qualities that help suppress the
growth and spread of some cancer cells,
including colon and stomach cancer cells .
 May be better tolerated than
probiotics. When you consume probiotics,
you increase the number of beneficial
bacteria in your body. However, some people
may not tolerate probiotics well, so
postbiotics may be a more suitable
alternative.

 NUTRACEUTICAL INDUSTRY :
 The nutraceutical industry represents a
dynamic and evolving entity that offers novel
opportunities to merge scientific discovery
with the growing consumer interest in health-
enhancing foods.
 Nutraceuticals are of particular interest as
a way to reduce the often expensive disease
 treatment approaches that are currently
employed in developed countries.
 The nutraceutical industry encompasses
three main segments which include functional
foods, dietary supplements, and
herbal/natural products.

 Global demand for

nutraceuticals :
Although the nutraceuticals industry first
emerged in the early 1990s, the world witnessed
its explosive growth during the first decade of this
century. Between 1999 to 2002, the
nutraceuticals industry grew at an annual average
growth rate of 7.3 percent, whereas the growth
rate of this industry over the past several years
has doubled to 14.7 percent.

Today, the global nutraceutical market has an

estimated worth of $117 billion USD. The
development of more personalized and
customizable products within the nutraceutical
industry has gained increasing popularity,
particularly in the more developed markets of the
world. Some of the key strategies within the
modern nutraceutical industry therefore involve
increasing the investment in research and
development projects to find innovative
approaches, verifying health claims of the
products and market research.

A primary impetus for the rapid growth of the

nutraceutical industry is consumer demand. To
this end, consumers are looking to follow healthy
lifestyles and obtain optimum nutrition to keep
diseases such as diabetes, high blood pressure
and obesity at bay. Although the United States,
European Union and India are currently the
world's largest nutraceuticals markets, China is
likely to surpass them all by 2030.

 NUTRACEUTICAL PRODCTS :
Organic India WWB (Womens Well Being)
Capsules :
 The capsules have found it uses for women of all
ages to restore and improve their physical and
emotional balance and vitality. It also focuses to
treat PMS symptoms like joint pain, muscle pain,
headache, fatigue, abdominal bloating, breast
tenderness, acne flare-ups, and constipation. Key
Ingredients to this formulation are- Organic
Shatavari Root, Organic Guduchi Stem, Lodhra
Bark, Organic Vana Tulsi Leaf.  It supports the
immune system and induces vigor & vitality.

TrueBasics Eye Shield capsules :

TrueBasics Eye Shield capsule is a comprehensive
formula with a richness of Bilberry extract for
vision, dry eye disease and, digital eye strain. This
is the best product for the care of eye weakness
related problems. Omega-3 tends to improve dry
eye disease by increasing the production of tears.
Macular carotenoids (Lutein and Zeaxanthin) gives
protection to the photoreceptors of eyes from
photo-oxidative damage. Zinc has a role in retinal

metabolism .

 PROBLEMS FACED BY NUTRACEUTICAL

INDUSTRY:
As for the barriers to nutraceuticals adoption –
firstly, it’s the high cost of their production. The
lab-to-market timeline for nutraceuticals can be
very high. This is one of the key factors that add
to the cost of production. Hence, high R&D cost is
expected to restrain the market.

Other key barriers include finding the right price

point to help increase adoption, as currently
nutraceuticals are priced on the higher side.
Lastly, there needs to be a clear regulatory
framework to help curb counterfeit products and
help in product standardization.
  SCOPE OF NUTRACEUTICALS :  The
global nutraceuticals market is expected to
show double-digit growth in the coming five
years. Developing economies are oriented
toward preventive health care; hence, the
demand for nutraceutical products is
increasing significantly. Antioxidants, which
are a major part of preventive healthcare, are
also witnessing rising demands, which is
contributing to nutraceuticals market growth.
Nowadays, consumer product companies are
increasingly collecting data to enable a proper
analysis of purchases and lifestyles so as to offer
tailored options to consumers based on their
buying patterns. Personalized healthcare, enabled
by advanced genomic technologies, is also making
its way into the nutraceuticals industry. The study
of epigenetics and nutrigenomics has revealed
that every individual has different nutritional
requirements, and they respond to food
differently. Nutraceuticals are thus becoming
recognized as a corroborated form of treatment,
which opens up a vast market opportunity for the
future.
CONCLUSION :
 Nutraceuticals are natural bioactive, chemical
compounds that have health-promoting, disease-
preventing, or medicinal properties. As
nutraceuticals blur the line between food and
drugs, it is often difficult—by legal definition—to
distinguish between nutrients, food additives,
drugs, and nutraceuticals. Nutraceuticals have the
advantage over medicines since they avoid side
effects, are naturally dietary supplements, etc.
Nutraceuticals, on the basis of their natural
source, chemical grouping, and categories, fall
into three key terms, nutrients, herbals, dietary
supplements, dietary fiber, etc. Regulation
presents significant challenges to the globalization
of nutraceuticals in many ways. Mainly, the
regulatory variation between countries hinders
global trade and marketing. For instance, most of
the countries discussed take a relaxed approach
to regulation, yet China's process for dietary
supplement approval involves a strict testing
protocol, in line with the US process for
pharmaceutical approval. Unlike DSHEA, the
regulations of some nations don’t seem to provide
adequate distinction between food, drug, and
nutraceuticals. Also, unfortunately, nutraceuticals
sometimes find themselves in the same regulatory
category as common food: standardization of
dose and method of delivery to improve efficacy
and health benefits could overcome this. Thus,
there is an explicit need to study nutraceutical
dose-related issues. It is essential to test and
regulate the use of nutraceuticals in a cost-
effective and efficient manner with regard to farm
animals. This can offer a better health, not only to
those cultured animals, but to human beings who
consume them. The nutraceutical industry is
growing at a rate far exceeding expansion in the
food and pharmaceutical industries. In
tomorrow's market, the most successful
nutraceutical players are likely to be those
companies in which functional products are just a
part of a broad line of goods satisfying both
conventional and health value point. Future
demand of nutraceutical depends on consumer
perception of the relationship between diet and
disease. Although nutraceuticals have significant
promise in the promotion of human health and
disease prevention, health
professional, nutritionists, and regulatory
toxicologist should strategically work together to
plan appropriate regulation to provide the
ultimate health and therapeutic benefit to
mankind. Long-term clinical studies are required
to scientifically validate the nutraceuticals in
various medical conditions. The interaction of
nutraceuticals with food and drugs is another
area, which should be taken into consideration.
The effect of different processing methods on the
biological availability and effectiveness of
nutraceuticals remains to be determined. As like
drugs, there should be strict regulatory controls
for nutraceuticals.