Circle Equations and Properties Analysis
Circle Equations and Properties Analysis
7. y 3 x c 1 & y 3 x c 2 are two parallel tangents of a circle of radius 2 units, then c1 c 2 is equal to -
(A) 8 (B) 4 (C) 2 (D) 1
8. Number of different circles that can be drawn touching 3 lines, no two of which are parallel and they are neither
coincident nor concurrent, are -
(A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 3 (D) 4
9. B and C are fixed points having co-ordinates (3, 0) and (–3, 0) respectively. If the vertical angle BAC is 90°,
then the locus of the centroid of the ABC has the equation -
(A) x 2 + y 2 = 1 (B) x 2 + y 2 = 2 (C) 9(x 2 + y 2 ) = 1 (D) 9(x 2 + y 2 ) = 4
10. If a circle of constant radius 3k passes through the origin ‘O’ and meets co-ordinate axes at A and B then the
3 3 3 3 3 3
(A) (B) (C) (D) none
2 4 8
12. The length of intercept on y-axis, by a circle whose diameter is the line joining the points (–4,3) and
(12, –1) is -
13. The gradient of the tangent line at the point (a cos , a sin ) to the circle x2 + y2 = a2, is -
(A) tan ( – ) (B) tan (C) cot (D) – cot
14. x + my + n = 0 is a tangent line to the circle x2 + y2 = r2 , if -
(A) 2 + m2 = n2 r2 (B) 2 + m2 = n2 + r2 (C) n2 = r2(2 + m2) (D) none of these
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15. Line 3x + 4y = 25 touches the circle x2 + y2 = 25 at the point -
(A) (4, 3) (B) (3, 4) (C) (–3, –4) (D) none of these
16. The equations of the tangents drawn from the point (0,1) to the circle x2 + y2 – 2x + 4y = 0 are -
(A) 2x – y + 1 = 0, x + 2y – 2 = 0 (B) 2x – y – 1 = 0, x + 2y – 2 = 0
(C) 2x – y + 1 = 0, x + 2y + 2 = 0 (D) 2x – y – 1 = 0, x + 2y + 2 = 0
17. The greatest distance of the point P(10,7) from the circle x2 + y2 – 4x – 2y – 20 = 0 is -
(A) 5 (B) 15 (C) 10 (D) None of these
3 3
18. The equation of the normal to the circle x2 + y2 = 9 at the point , is -
2 2
2
(A) x – y (B) x + y = 0 (C) x – y = 0 (D) none of these
3
19. The parametric coordinates of any point on the circle x2 + y2 – 4x – 4y = 0 are-
(A) (–2 + 2cos, –2 + 2 sin) (B) (2 + 2cos, 2 + 2 sin)
(C) (2 + 2 2 cos, 2 + 2 2 sin) (D) (–2 + 2 2 cos, –2 + 2 2 sin)
20. The length of the tangent drawn from the point (2,3) to the circles 2(x2 + y2) – 7x + 9y – 11 = 0 -
3 4 4 4 3
25. The locus of the mid-points of the chords of the circle x 2 + y 2 – 2x – 4y – 11 = 0 which subtend 60° at
the centre is -
(A) x 2 + y 2 – 4x – 2y – 7 = 0 (B) x 2 + y 2 + 4x + 2y – 7 = 0
(C) x 2 + y 2 – 2x – 4y – 7 = 0 (D) x 2 + y 2 + 2x + 4y + 7 = 0
26. The locus of the centres of the circles such that the point (2,3) is the mid point of the chord 5x + 2y = 16 is -
(A) 2x – 5y + 11 = 0 (B) 2x + 5y – 11 = 0 (C) 2x + 5y + 11 = 0 (D) none
2 2
27. The locus of the centre of a circle which touches externally the circle, x + y – 6x – 6y + 14 = 0 and
also touches the y-axis is given by the equation -
(A) x 2 – 6x – 10y + 14 = 0 (B) x 2 – 10x – 6y + 14 = 0
(C) y 2 – 6x – 10y + 14 = 0 (D) y 2 – 10x – 6y + 14 = 0
28. The equation of the circle having the lines y2 – 2y + 4x – 2xy = 0 as its normals & passing through the point
(2,1) is -
(A) x2 + y2 – 2x – 4y + 3 = 0 (B) x2 + y2 – 2x + 4y – 5 = 0
(C) x2 + y2 + 2x + 4y –13 = 0 (D) none
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29. A circle is drawn touching the x-axis and centre at the point which is the reflection of (a, b) in the line
y – x = 0. The equation of the circle is -
(A) x 2 + y 2 – 2bx – 2ay + a 2 = 0 (B) x 2 + y 2 – 2bx – 2ay + b 2 = 0
(C) x 2 + y 2 – 2ax – 2by + b 2 = 0 (D) x 2 + y 2 – 2ax – 2by + a 2 = 0
30. The length of the common chord of circles x2 + y2 – 6x – 16 = 0 and x2 + y2 – 8y – 9 = 0 is -
31. The number of common tangents of the circles x2 + y2 – 2x – 1 = 0 and x2 + y2 – 2y – 7 = 0 -
(A) 1 (B) 3 (C) 2 (D) 4
32. If the circle x2 + y2 = 9 touches the circle x2 + y2 + 6y + c = 0, then c is equal to -
(A) –27 (B) 36 (C) –36 (D) 27
2 2 2 2
33. If the two circles, x + y + 2g 1 x + 2f 1 y = 0 and x + y + 2g 2 x + 2f 2 y = 0 touches each other, then -
f1 f2
(A) f 1 g 1 = f 2 g 2 (B) g = (C) f 1 f 2 = g 1 g 2 (D) none
1 g2
34. The tangent from the point of intersection of the lines 2x – 3y + 1 = 0 and 3x – 2y – 1 = 0 to the circle
x 2 + y 2 + 2x – 4y = 0 is -
(A) x + 2y = 0, x – 2y + 1 = 0 (B) 2x – y – 1 = 0
(C) y = x, y = 3x – 2 (D) 2x + y + 1 = 0
35. The locus of the centers of the circles which cut the circles x 2 + y 2 + 4x – 6y + 9 = 0 and
x 2 + y 2 – 5x + 4y – 2 = 0 orthogonally is -
(A) 9x + 10y – 7 = 0 (B) x – y + 2 = 0
(C) 9x – 10y + 11 = 0 (D) 9x + 10y + 7 = 0
SELECT THE CORRECT ALTERNATIVES (ONE OR MORE THAN ONE CORRECT ANSWERS)
x x1 y y 1
36. Equation r, may represents -
cos sin
(A) Equation of straight line, if is constant and r is variable.
(B) Equation of a circle, if r is constant & is variable.
(C) A straight line passing through a fixed point & having a known slope.
(D) A circle with a known centre and given radius.
37. If r represent the distance of a point from origin & is the angle made by line joining origin to that point from
1 1 1
(A) two circles of radii each. (B) two circles centred at , 0 & , 0
2 2 2
(C) two circles touching each other at the origin. (D) pair of straight line
38. If the circle C1 : x2 + y2 = 16 intersects another circle C2 of radius 5 in such a manner that the common chord
3
is of maximum length 8 has a slope equal to , then coordinates of centre of C2 are -
4
9 12 9 12 9 12 9 12
(A) , (B) , (C) , (D) ,
5 5 5 5
5 5
5 5
39. For the equation x2 + y2 + 2x + 4 = 0 which of the following can be true -
(A) It represents a real circle for all R.
(B) It represents a real circle for || > 2.
(C) The radical axis of any two circles of the family is the y-axis.
(D) The radical axis of any two circles of the family is the x-axis.
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40. If y = c is a tangent to the circle x2 + y2 – 2x + 2y – 2 = 0, then the value of c can be -
(A) 1 (B) 3 (C) –1 (D) –3
41. For the circles S1 x2 + y2 – 4x – 6y – 12 = 0 and S2 x2 + y2 + 6x + 4y – 12 = 0 and the line L x y 0
(A) L is common tangent of S1 and S2
(B) L is common chord of S1 and S2
(C) L is radical axis of S1 and S2
(D) L is perpendicular to the line joining the centre of S1 & S2
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Que. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Ans. C B B A C D A D A A
Que. 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
Ans. B C D C B A B C C C
Que. 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
Ans. C B A D C A D A B B
Que. 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40
Ans. A A B B C A,B,C,D A, B, C A,B B,C A,D
Que. 41
Ans. B,C,D
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1 1 1 1
1. If a, , b, , c, & d, are four distinct points on a circle of radius 4 units then, abcd =
a b c d
(A) 4 (B) 1/4 (C) 1 (D) 16
2. What is the length of shortest path by which one can go from (–2, 0) to (2, 0) without entering the interior of
circle, x2 + y2 = 1 ?
2
(A) 23 (B) 3 (C) 2 3 (D) none of these
3 3
3. Three equal circles each of radius r touch one another. The radius of the circle touching all the three given
circles internally is -
(A) (2 3 )r (B)
2 3 r (C)
2 3 r (D) (2 3 )r
3 3
4. If a2 + b2 = 1, m2 + n2 = 1, then which of the following is true for all values of m, n, a, b -
(A) |am + bn| 1 (B) |am – bn| 1 (C) |am + bn| 1 (D) |am – bn| 1
5. Circles are drawn touching the co-ordinate axis and having radius 2, then -
(A) centre of these circles lie on the pair of lines y2 – x2 = 0
(B) centre of these circles lie only on the line y = x
(C) Area of the quadrilateral whose vertices are centre of these circles is 16 [Link]
(D) Area of the circle touching these four circles internally is 4 (3 2 2 )
6. The distance between the chords of contact of tangents to the circle x2 + y2 + 2gx + 2fy + c = 0 from the origin and
from the point (g,f) is -
g2 f2 c g2 f2 c g2 f2 c
(A) g 2 f 2 (B) (C) (D)
2 2 g2 f 2 2 g2 f2
7. x2 + y2 + 6x = 0 and x2 + y2 – 2x = 0 are two circles, then -
(A) They touch each other externally
(B) They touch each other internally
(C) Area of triangle formed by their common tangents is 33 sq. units.
(D) Their common tangents do not form any triangle.
8. Tangents are draw n to the circle x 2 + y 2 = 1 at the poi nt s where it is met by the circle s,
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13. The locus of the mid points of the chords of the circle x2 + y2 – ax – by = 0 which subtend a right angle at
a b
2 , 2 is -
(A) ax + by = 0 (B) ax + by = a2 + b2
2 2 a 2 b2 2 2 a 2 b2
(C) x y ax by 0 (D) x y ax by 0
8 8
14. A variable circle is drawn to touch the x-axis at the origin. The locus of the pole of the straight line
x + my + n = 0 w.r.t. the variable circle has the equation -
(A) x(my – n) – y2 = 0 (B) x(my + n) – y2 = 0 (C) x(my – n) + y2 = 0 (D) none
15. (6,0) , (0,6) and (7,7) are the vertices of a triangle. The circle inscribed in the triangle has the equation -
(A) x2 + y2 – 9x + 9y + 36 = 0 (B) x2 + y2 – 9x – 9y + 36 = 0
(C) x2 + y2 + 9x – 9y + 36 = 0 (D) x2 + y2 – 9x – 9y – 36 = 0
16. Number of points (x, y) having integral coordinates satisfying the condition x 2 + y 2 < 25 is -
(A) 69 (B) 80 (C) 81 (D) 77
17. The centre(s) of the circle(s) passing through the points (0, 0), (1, 0) and touching the circle
x 2 + y 2 = 9 is/are -
3 1 1 3 1 1/2 1 1/2
(A) , (B) , (C) , 2 (D) , 2
2 2 2 2 2 2
18. The equation(s) of the tangent at the point (0, 0) to the circle, making intercepts of length 2a and 2b units
on the co-ordinate axes, is (are) -
(A) ax + by = 0 (B) ax – by = 0 (C) x = y (D) bx + ay = 0
19. Tangents are drawn to the circle x 2 + y 2 = 50 from a point 'P' lying on the x-axis. These tangents meet
the y-axis at points 'P1 ' and 'P 2 '. Possible co-ordinates of 'P' so that area of triangle PP 1 P 2 is minimum
is/are -
(A) (10, 0) (B) (10 2, 0) (C) (–10, 0) (D) ( 10 2, 0)
2 2 2
20. The tangents drawn from the origin to the circle x + y – 2rx – 2hy + h = 0 are perpendicular if -
(A) h = r (B) h = –r (C) r 2 + h 2 = 1 (D) r 2 + h 2 = 2
21. The common chord of two intersecting circles C1 and C2 can be seen from their centres at the angles of 90° &
60° respectively. If the distance between their centres is equal to 3 + 1 then the radii of C1 and C2 are -
(A) 3 and 3 (B) 2 and 2 2 (C) 2 and 2 (D) 2 2 and 4
22. In a right triangle ABC, right angled at A, on the leg AC as diameter, a semicircle is described. The chord
joining A with the point of intersection D of the hypotenuse and the semicircle, then the length AC equals to -
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AB . AD AB . AD AB . AD
(A) (B) (C) AB . AD (D)
2
AB AD 2 AB AD AB 2 AD 2
23. A circle touches a straight line x + my + n = 0 and cuts the circle x 2 + y 2 = 9 orthogonally. The locus
of centres of such circles is -
(A) (x + my + n) 2 = ( 2 + m 2 ) (x 2 + y 2 – 9) (B) (x + my – n) 2 = ( 2 + m 2) (x 2 + y 2 – 9)
(C) (x + my + n) 2 = ( 2 + m 2 ) (x 2 + y 2 + 9) (D) none of these
Que. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Ans. C C B A,D A ,C , D C A,C A A, B, C B,C
Que. 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
Ans. D D C A B A C,D A,B A,C A,B
Que. 21 22 23
Ans. C D A
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1. Column-I Column-II
(A) If point of intersection and number of common tangents of two (p) µ – = 3
circles x 2 + y 2 – 2x – 6y + 9 = 0 and x 2 + y 2 + 6x – 2y + 1 = 0
are and µ respectively, then
(B) If point of intersection and number of tangents of two circles (q) µ + = 5
x 2 + y 2 – 6x = 0 and x 2 + y 2 + 2x = 0 are and µ
respectively, then
(C) If the straight line y = mx m I touches or lies outside (r) µ – = 4
the circle x 2 + y 2 – 20y + 90 = 0 and the maximum and
minimum values of |m| are µ & respectively then
(D) If two circle x 2 + y 2 + px + py – 7 = 0 and (s) µ + = 4
x 2 + y 2 – 10x + 2py + 1 = 0 cut orthogonally and
the value of p are & µ respectively then
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COMPREHENSION BASED QUESTIONS
Comprehension # 1 :
Let A (–3, 0) and B (3, 0) be two fixed points and P moves on a plane such that PA = nPB (n 0).
On the basis of above information, answer the following questions :
1. If n 1, then locus of a point P is -
(A) a straight line (B) a circle (C) a parabola (D) an ellipse
2. If n = 1, then the locus of a point P is -
(A) a straight line (B) a circle (C) a parabola (D) a hyperbola
3. If 0 < n < 1, then -
(A) A lies inside the circle and B lies outside the circle
(B) A lies outside the circle and B lies inside the circle
(C) both A and B lies on the circle (D) both A and B lies inside the circle
4. If n > 1, then -
(A) A lies inside the circle and B lies outside the circle (B) A lies outside the circle and B lies inside the circle
(C) both A and B lies on the circle (D) both A and B lies inside the circle
5. If locus of P is a circle, then the circle -
(A) passes through A and B (B) never passes through A and B
(C) passes through A but does not pass through B (D) passes through B but does not pass through A
Comprehension # 2 :
P is a variable point of the line L = 0. Tangents are drawn to the circle x 2 + y 2 = 4 from P to touch it
at Q and R. The parallelogram PQSR is completed.
On the basis of above information, answer the following questions :
1. If L 2x + y – 6 = 0, then the locus of circumcetre of PQR is -
(A) 2x – y = 4 (B) 2x + y = 3 (C) x – 2y = 4 (D) x + 2y = 3
2. If P (6, 8), then the area of QRS is -
(6 ) 3 / 2 (24) 3 / 2 48 6 192 6
(A) sq. units (B) sq. units (C) sq. units (D) sq. units
25 25 25 25
3. If P (3, 4), then coordinate of S is -
46 63 51 68 46 68 68 51
(A) , (B) , (C) , (D) ,
25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25
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Matc h th e C o lu mn
1 . (A)(r, s) ; (B) (s); (C) (p); (D) (q)
A s s er ti o n & R eas o n
1. A 2. A 3. B 4. C
C o mp r eh e ns i o n B as ed Qu es ti o ns
Comprehensi on # 1 : 1. B 2. A 3. A 4. B 5. B
Comprehensi on # 2 : 1. B 2. D 3. B
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1. Find the equations of the circles which have the radius 13 & which touch the line 2x 3y + 1 = 0 at (1, 1).
2. (x1, y1) & (x2, y2) are the ends of a diameter of a circle such that x1 & x2 are the roots of ax² + bx + c = 0 &
y1 & y2 are roots of py² + qy + r = 0. Find the equation of the circle, its centre & radius.
3. If the lines a1 x + b1 y + c1 = 0 & a2 x + b2 y + c2 = 0 cut the coordinate axes in concyclic points. Prove that
a1 a2 = b1 b 2.
4. A (–a, 0) ; B (a, 0) are fixed points. C is a point which divides internally AB in a constant ratio tan. If AC &
CB subtend equal angles at P, prove that the equation of the locus of P is x² + y² + 2ax sec2 + a² = 0.
5. Let A be the centre of the circle x² + y² 2x 4y 20 = 0. Suppose that the tangents at the points
B(1 , 7) & D(4 , -2) on the circle meet at the point C. Find the area of the quadrilateral ABCD.
6. Determine the nature of the quadrilateral formed by four lines 3x + 4y – 5 = 0; 4x – 3y – 5 = 0; 3x + 4y + 5 = 0
and 4x – 3y + 5 = 0. Find the equation of the circle inscribed and circumscribing this quadrilateral.
7. A variable circle passes through the point A (a, b) & touches the x-axis ; show that the locus of the other end
of the diameter through A is (x a)² = 4by.
8. A circle is drawn with its centre on the line x + y = 2 to touch the line 4x – 3y + 4 = 0 and pass through the point
(0, 1). Find its equation.
9. Obtain the equations of the straight lines passing through the point A(2, 0) & making 45° angle with the tangent
at A to the circle (x + 2)² + (y 3)² = 25. Find the equations of the circles each of radius 3 whose centres are
on these straight lines at a distance of 5 2 from A.
10. Suppose the equation of the circle which touches both the coordinates axes and passes through the point with
abscissa – 2 and ordinate 1 has the equation x2 + y2 + Ax + By + C = 0, find all the possible ordered triplet (A, B, C).
11. The foot of the perpendicular from the origin to a variable tangent of the circle x2 + y2 2x = 0 is N.
Find the equation of the locus of N.
12. The line x + my + n = 0 intersects the curve ax2 + 2hxy + by2 = 1 at the point P and Q. The circle on PQ as
diameter passes through the origin. Prove that n2(a + b) = 2 + m2.
13. Find the equation of the circle which passes through the point (1, 1) & which touches the circle
x² + y² + 4x 6y 3 = 0 at the point (2, 3) on it.
14. A circle S = 0 is drawn with its centre at (–1, 1) so as to touch the circle x2 + y2 – 4x + 6y – 3 = 0 externally.
Find the intercept made by the circle S = 0 on the coordinates axes.
15. Find the equation of the circle which cuts each of the circles x² + y² = 4 , x² + y² 6x 8y + 10 = 0
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22. A point moving around circle (x + 4)2 + (y + 2)2 = 25 with centre C broke away from it either at the point A or
point B on the circle and move along a tangent to the circle passing through the point D(3, –3).
Find the following :
(a) Equation of the tangents at A and B.
(b) Coordinates of the points A and B.
(c) Angle ADB and the maximum and minimum distances of the point D from the circle.
(d) Area of quadrilateral ADBC and the DAB.
(e) Equation of the circle circumscribing the DAB and also the intercepts made by the this circle on the
coordinates axes.
23. Show that the equation x2 + y2 2x 2 y 8 = 0 represents, for different values of , a system of circles
passing through two fixed points A, B on the x axis, and find the equation of that circle of the system the
tangents to which at A & B meet on the line x + 2y + 5 = 0.
24. Through a fixed point (h, k) secants are drawn to the circle x 2 + y 2 = r 2 . Show that the locus of the
mid-points of the secants intercepted by the circle is x 2 + y 2 = hx + ky.
25. A triangle has two of its sides along the coordinate axes, its third side touches the circle x² + y² 2ax 2ay + a² = 0.
Prove that the locus of the circumcentre of the triangle is : a² 2a (x + y) + 2xy = 0.
26. Find the equations to the four common tangents to the circles x² + y² = 25 and (x 12)² + y² = 9.
27. Show that the locus of the centres of a circle which cuts two given circles orthogonally is a straight line &
hence deduce the locus of the centre of the circles which cut the circles x² + y² + 4x 6y + 9 = 0 &
x² + y² 5x + 4y + 2 = 0 orthogonally.
ANSWER KEY
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b q
1 . x² + y² 6x + 4y = 0 or x² + y² + 2x 8y + 4 = 0 2. x² + y² + x + y + c r = 0
a p a p
5. 75 [Link] 6 . square of side 2; x2 + y2 = 1; x2 + y2 = 2
8 . x2 + y2 – 2x – 2y + 1 = 0 or x2 + y2 – 42x + 38y – 39 = 0
9 . x 7y = 2, 7x + y = 14; (x 1)2 + (y 7)2 = 32; (x 3)2 + (y + 7)2 = 32; (x 9)2 + (y 1)2 = 32; (x + 5)2 + (y + 1)2 = 32
10. x2 + y2 + 10x – 10y + 25 = 0 or x2 + y2 + 2x – 2y + 1 = 0, (10, –10, 25) (2, –2, 1)
11. (x² + y2 x)2 = x2 + y2 1 3 . x² + y² + x 6y + 3 = 0 1 4 . zero, zero 15. x² + y² 4x 6y 4 = 0
16. = n, 5050 17. a² > 2b 2 18. 2x – 2y – 3 = 0 19. 4x 3y 25 = 0 or 3x + 4y 25 = 0
20. a2(x 2 + y 2) = 4x 2y 2
22. (a) 3x – 4y = 21; 4x + 3y = 3; (b) A(0, 1) and B(–1, –6); (c) 90°, 5( 2 1) units;(d) 12.5 sq. units;
(e) x2 + y2 + x + 5y – 6=0, x intercept 5; y intercept 7
23. x2 + y2 2x 6y 8 = 0 26. 2x 5 y 15 = 0, 2x + 5 y 15 = 0, x 35 y 30 = 0, x + 35 y 30 = 0
27. 9x 10y + 7 = 0
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1. Find the equation of the circle inscribed in a triangle formed by the lines 3x + 4y = 12 ; 5x + 12y = 4 &
8y = 15x + 10 without finding the vertices of the triangle.
2. Consider a curve ax2 + 2 hxy + by2 = 1 and a point P not on the curve. A line is drawn from the point P intersects
the curve at points Q & R. If the product PQ · PR is independent of the slope of the line, then show that the curve
is a circle.
3. Find the equation of a circle which is co-axial with circles 2x² + 2y² 2x + 6y 3 = 0 & x² + y² + 4x + 2y + 1 = 0.
It is given that the centre of the circle to be determined lies on the radical axis of these two circles.
4. If 32 + 6 + 1 – 6m2 = 0, then find the equation of the circle for which x + my + 1 = 0 is a tangent.
5. Circle are drawn which are orthogonal to both the circles S x2 + y2 – 16 = 0 and S' x2 + y2 – 8x – 12y + 16 = 0.
If tangents are drawn from the centre of the variable circles to S. Then find the locus of the mid point of the chord
of contact of these tangents.
6. Show that the locus of the point the tangents from which to the circle x² + y² a² = 0 include a constant angle
is (x² + y² 2a²)² tan² = 4a² (x² + y² a²).
7. Find the locus of the mid point of the chord of a circle x² + y² = 4 such that the segment intercepted by the
chord on the curve x² 2x 2y = 0 subtends a right angle at the origin.
8. Prove that the length of the common chord of the two circles x² + y² = a² and (x c)² + y² = b² is
1
(a b c) (a b c) (a b c) ( a b c) , where a, b, c > 0.
c
9. Find the equation of the circles passing through the point (2, 8), touching the lines 4x 3y 24 = 0 &
4x + 3y 42 = 0 & having x coordinate of the centre of the circle less than or equal to 8.
10. Lines 5x + 12y 10 = 0 & 5x 12y 40 = 0 touch a circle C1 of diameter 6. If the centre of C1 lies in
the first quadrant, find the equation of the circle C2 which is concentric with C1 & cuts intercepts of length 8
on these lines.
11. A circle touches the line y = x at a point P such that OP = 4 2 , where O is the origin. The circle contains the
point (–10,2) in its interior and the length of its chord on the line x + y = 0 is 6 2 . Determine the equation of
the circle. [JEE 1990]
12. Find the intervals of values of 'a' for which the line y + x = 0 bisects two chords drawn from a point
1 2a 1 2a
13. Find the equations of the circles passing through (–4, 3) and touching the lines x + y = 2 and x – y = 2.
14. P is a variable point on the circle with centre at C . CA & CB are perpendiculars from C on x-axis & y-axis
respectively. Show that the locus of the centroid of the triangle PAB is a circle with centre at the centroid of the
triangle CAB & radius equal to one third of the radius of the given circle.
182 205
5 . x 2 + y 2 – 4x – 6y = 0 7. x² + y² 2x 2y = 0 9. centre (2,3), r = 5; centre , 3 , r =
9 9
1 0 . x2 + y2 10x 4y + 4 = 0 11. (x – 9)2 + (y – 1)2 = 50 12. a (–, –2) (2,)
1 3 . x2 + y2 + 2(10 ± 54 )x + 55 ± 8 54 = 0
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1. The square of the length of tangent from (3, –4) on the circle x2 + y2 – 4x – 6y + 3 = 0 [AIEEE-2002]
(1) 20 (2) 30 (3) 40 (4) 50
2. Radical axis of the circles x2 + y2 + 6x – 2y –9 = 0 and x2 + y2 – 2x + 9y – 11 = 0 is- [AIEEE-2002]
(1) 8x – 11y + 2 = 0 (2) 8x + 11y + 2 = 0 (3) 8x + 11y – 2 = 0 (4) 8x – 11y – 2 = 0
3. If the two circles (x – 1)2 + (y – 3)2 = r2 and x2 + y2 – 8x + 2y + 8 = 0 intersect in two distinct points, then-
[AIEEE-2003]
(1) r > 2 (2) 2 < r < 8 (3) r < 2 (4) r = 2
4. The lines 2x – 3y = 5 and 3x – 4y = 7 are diameters of a circle having area as 154 sq. units. Then the equation
of the circle is- [AIEEE-2003]
2 2 2 2
(1) x + y – 2x + 2y = 62 (2) x + y + 2x – 2y = 62
(3) x2 + y2 + 2x – 2y = 47 (4) x2 + y2 – 2x + 2y = 47
5. If a circle passes through the point (a, b) and cuts the circle x2 + y2 = 4 orthogonally, then the locus of its centre
is- [AIEEE-2004]
(1) 2ax + 2by + (a2 + b2 + 4) = 0 (2) 2ax + 2by – (a2 + b2 + 4) = 0
(3) 2ax – 2by + (a2 + b2 + 4) = 0 (4) 2ax – 2by – (a2 + b2 + 4) = 0
6. A variable circle passes through the fixed point A(p, q) and touches x-axis. The locus of the other end of the
diameter through A is- [AIEEE-2004]
(1) (x – p)2 = 4qy (2) (x – q)2 = 4py (3) (y – p)2 = 4qx (4) (y – q)2 = 4px
7. If the lines 2x + 3y + 1 = 0 and 3x – y – 4 = 0 lie along diameters of a circle of circumference 10, then the
equation of the circle is- [AIEEE-2004]
(1) x2 + y2 – 2x + 2y – 23 = 0 (2) x2 + y2 – 2x – 2y – 23 = 0
2 2
(3) x + y + 2x + 2y – 23 = 0 (4) x2 + y2 + 2x – 2y – 23 = 0
8. The intercept on the line y = x by the circle x2 + y2 – 2x = 0 is AB. Equation of the circle on AB as a diameter
is- [AIEEE-2004]
(1) x2 + y2 – x – y = 0 (2) x2 + y2 – x + y = 0 (3) x2 + y2 + x + y = 0 (4) x2 + y2 + x – y = 0
2 2 2 2
9. If the circles x + y + 2ax + cy + a = 0 and x + y – 3ax + dy – 1 = 0 intersect in two distinct point P and Q
then the line 5x + by – a = 0 passes through P and Q for- [AIEEE-2005]
(1) exactly one value of a (2) no value of a
(3) infinitely many values of a (4) exactly two values of a
10. A circle touches the x-axis and also touches the circle with centre at (0, 3) and radius 2. The locus of the centre
of the circle is-
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[AIEEE-2005]
(1) an ellipse (2) a circle
(3) a hyperbola (4) a parabola
11. If a circle passes through the point (a, b) and cuts the circle x2 + y2 = p2 orthogonally, then the equation of the
locus of its centre is- [AIEEE-2005]
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
(1) x + y – 3ax – 4by + (a + b – p ) = 0 (2) 2ax + 2by – (a – b + p ) = 0
(3) x2 + y2 – 2ax – 3by + (a2 – b2 – p2) = 0 (4) 2ax + 2by – (a2 + b2 + p2) = 0
2 2
12. If the pair of lines ax + 2(a + b)xy + by = 0 lie along diameters of a circle and divide the circle into four sectors
such that the area of one of the sectors is thrice the area of another sector then- [AIEEE-2005]
2 2 2 2
(1) 3a – 10ab + 3b = 0 (2) 3a – 2ab + 3b = 0
2 2
(3) 3a + 10ab + 3b = 0 (4) 3a2 + 2ab + 3b2 = 0
13. If the lines 3x – 4y – 7 = 0 and 2x – 3y – 5 = 0 are two diameters of a circle of area 49 square units, the
equation of the circle is- [AIEEE-2006]
2 2 2 2
(1) x + y + 2x – 2y – 62 = 0 (2) x + y – 2x + 2y – 62 = 0
2 2
(3) x + y – 2x + 2y – 47 = 0 (4) x2 + y2 + 2x – 2y – 47 = 0
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14. Let C be the circle with centre (0, 0) and radius 3 units. The equation of the locus of the mid points of the chords
2
of the circle C that subtend an angle of at its centre is - [AIEEE-2006, IIT-1996]
3
27 9 3
(1) x2 + y2 = 1 (2) x2 + y2 = (3) x2 + y2 = (4) x2 + y2 =
4 4 2
15. Consider a family of circles which are passing through the point (–1, 1) and are tangent to x-axis. If (h, k) are the
co-ordinates of the centre of the circles, then the set of values of k is given by the interval- [AIEEE-2007]
(1) 0 < k < 1/2 (2) k 1/2 (3) –1/2 k 1/2 (4) k 1/2
2 2
16. The point diametrically opposite to the point (1, 0) on the circle x + y + 2x + 4y – 3 = 0 is- [AIEEE-2008]
(1) (3, –4) (2) (–3, 4) (3) (–3, –4) (4) (3, 4)
17. Three distinct points A, B and C are given in the 2–dimensional coordinate plane such that the ratio of the
1
distance of any one of them from the point (1, 0) to the distance from the point (–1, 0) is equal to . Then
3
the circumcentre of the triangle ABC is at the point :- [AIEEE-2009]
5 5 5
(1) , 0 (2) , 0 (3) (0, 0) (4) , 0
2 3 4
2 2
18. If P and Q are the points of intersection of the circles x + y + 3x + 7y + 2p – 5 = 0 and
x 2 + y 2 + 2x + 2y – p 2 = 0, then there is a circle passing through P, Q and (1, 1) for :- [AIEEE-2009]
(1) All except two values of p (2) Exactly one value of p
(3) All values of p (4) All except one value of p
19. For a regular polygon, let r and R be the radii of the inscribed and the circumscribed circles. A false statement
among the following is :- [AIEEE-2010]
r 1 r 1
(1) There is a regular polygon with (2) There is a regular polygon with
R 2 R 2
r 2 r 3
(3) There is a regular polygon with (4) There is a regular polygon with
R 3 R 2
20. The circle x2 + y2 = 4x + 8y + 5 intersects the line 3x – 4y = m at two distinct points if :- [AIEEE-2010]
(1) – 85 < m < – 35 (2) – 35 < m < 15 (3) 15 < m < 65 (4) 35 < m < 85
21. The two circles x 2 + y 2 = ax and x 2 + y 2 = c 2 (c>0) touch each other if :- [AIEEE-2011]
(1) a = 2c (2) |a| = 2c (3) 2|a| = c (4) |a| = c
22. The equation of the circle passing through the points (1, 0) and (0, 1) and having the smallest radius is:
Q u e. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
Ans 3 1 2 4 2 1 1 1 2 4 4 4 3 3 2
Q u e. 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24
Ans 3 4 4 3 2 4 3 2 3
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1. Let PQ and RS be tangents at the extremities of the diameter PR of a circle of radius r. If PS and RQ intersect
at a point X on the circumference of the circle then 2r equals
2 2
PQ RS 2PQ RS PQ RS
(A) PQ RS (B) (C) (D)
2 PQ RS 2
[JEE 2001 (Screening) 1]
2. 2 2
Let 2x + y – 3xy = 0 be the equation of a pair of tangents drawn from the origin 'O' to a circle of radius 3 with
centre in the first quadrant. If A is one of the points of contact, find the length of OA.
[JEE 2001 (Mains), 5]
3. Find the equation of the circle which passes through the points of intersection of circles
x 2 + y 2 – 2x – 6y + 6 = 0 and x 2 + y 2 + 2x – 6y + 6 = 0 and intersects the circle
x2 + y2 + 4x + 6y + 4 = 0 orthogonally. [REE 2001 (Mains), 3]
4. Tangents TP and TQ are drawn from a point T to the circle x 2 + y 2 = a 2. If the point T lies on the line
px + qy = r, find the locus of centre of the circumcircle of triangle TPQ. [REE 2001 (Mains), 5]
5. If the tangent at the point P on the circle x2 + y2 + 6x + 6y = 2 meets the straight line 5x – 2y + 6 = 0 at a point
Q on the y-axis, then the length of PQ is
6. If a > 2b > 0 then the positive value of m for which y = mx – b 1 m 2 is a common tangent to
x2 + y2 = b2 and (x – a)2 + y2 = b2 is
2b a 2 4b 2 2b b
(A) (B) (C) (D)
2
a 4b 2 2b a 2b a 2b
[JEE 2002 (Scr), 3]
7. The radius of the circle, having centre at (2, 1), whose one of the chord is a diameter of the circle
x2 + y2 – 2x – 6y + 6 = 0
(A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 3 (D) 3 [JEE 2004 (Scr)]
8. Line 2x + 3y + 1 = 0 is a tangent to a circle at (1, –1). This circle is orthogonal to a circle which is drawn having
diameter as a line segment with end points (0, –1) and (– 2, 3). Find equation of circle. [JEE 2004, 4]
9. A circle is given by x2 + (y – 1)2 = 1, another circle C touches it externally and also the x-axis, then the locus of
its centre is [JEE 2005 (Scr)]
Node6\E_NODE6 (E)\Data\2014\Kota\JEE-Advanced\SMP\Maths\Unit#05\Eng\02 CIRCLE.p65
(A) {(x, y) : x2 = 4y} {(x, y) : y 0} (B) {(x, y) : x2 + (y – 1)2 = 4} {x, y) : y 0}
(C) {(x, y) : x2 = y} {(0, y) : y 0} (D) {(x, y) : x2 = 4y} {(0, y) : y 0}
10. Let ABCD be a quadrilateral with area 18, with side AB parallel to the side CD and
AB = 2CD. Let AD be perpendicular to AB and CD. If a circle is drawn inside the quadrilateral ABCD touching
all the sides, then its radius is [JEE 2007, 3]
(A) 3 (B) 2 (C) 3/2 (D) 1
11. Tangents are drawn from the point (17, 7) to the circle x2 + y2 = 169.
Statement-1 : The tangents are mutually perpendicular.
because
Statement-2 : The locus of the points from which mutually perpendicular tangents can be drawn to the given
circle is x2 + y2 = 338.
(A) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is true; statement-2 is correct explanation for statement-1.
(B) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is true; statement-2 is NOT a correct explanation for statement-1.
(C) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is false.
(D) Statement-1 is false, statement-2 is true. [JEE 2007, 3]
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12. Consider the two curves C1 : y2 = 4x ; C2 : x2 + y2 – 6x + 1 = 0. Then,
(A) C1 and C2 touch each other only at one point
(B) C1 and C2 touch each other exactly at two points
(C) C1 and C2 intersect (but do not touch) at exactly two points
(D) C1 and C2 neither intersect nor touch each other [JEE 2008, 3]
13. Consider, L1 : 2x + 3y + p – 3 = 0 ; L2 : 2x + 3y + p + 3 = 0,
where p is a real number, and C : x2 + y2 + 6x – 10y + 30 = 0.
Statement-1 : If line L1 is a chord of circle C, then line L2 is not always a diameter of circle C.
and
Statement-2 : If line L1 is a diameter of circle C, then line L2 is not a chord of circle C.
(A) Statement-1 is True, Statement-2 is True; statement-2 is a correct explanation for statement-1
(B) Statement-1 is True, Statement-2 is True; statement-2 is NOT a correct explanation for statement-1
(C) Statement-1 is True, Statement-2 is False
(D) Statement-1 is False, Statement-2 is True [JEE 2008, 3]
14. Comprehension (3 questions together):
A circle C of radius 1 is inscribed in an equilateral triangle PQR. The points of contact of C with the sides PQ,
QR, RP are D, E, F respectively. The line PQ is given by the equation 3 x + y – 6 = 0 and the point D is
3 3 3
, . Further, it is given that the origin and the centre of C are on the same side of the line PQ.
2 2
(C) (x – 3 )2 + (y + 1)2 = 1 (D) (x – 3 )2 + (y – 1)2 = 1
(ii) Points E and F are given by
3 3 3 1
(A)
2
, ,
2
3,0 (B)
2
, ,
2
3, 0
3 3 3 1 3 3 3 1
(C) 2 , 2 , 2 , 2 (D) , , ,
2
3 3
(C) y = x + 1, y = – x – 1 (D) y = 3 x, y = 0 [JEE 2008, 4+4+4]
2 2
15. Tangent s draw n from the poi nt P(l, 8) to the circle x 2 + y 2 – 6x – 4y – 11 = 0 touch the circle
at the points A and B. The equation of the circumcircle of the triangle PAB is
(A) x2 + y2 + 4x – 6y + 19 = 0 (B) x2 + y2 – 4x – 10y + 19 = 0
(C) x2 + y2 – 2x + 6y – 29 = 0 (D) x2 + y2 – 6x – 4y + 19 = 0 [JEE 2009, 3]
16. The centres of two circles C1 and C2 each of unit radius are at a distance of 6 units from each other. Let P be the
mid point of the line segment joining the centres of C1 and C2 and C be a circle touching circles C1 and C2
externally. If a common tangent to C1 and C passing through P is also a common tangent to C2 and C, then the
radius of the circle C is [JEE 2009, 4]
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17. Two parallel chords of a circle of radius 2 are at a distance 3 1 apart. If the chords subtend at the
2
center, angles of and , where k > 0, then the value of [k] is [JEE 10, 3]
k k
[Note : [k] denotes the largest integer less than or equal to k]
18. The circle passing through the point (–1,0) and touching the y-axis at (0, 2) also passes through the point -
3 5 3 5
(A) ,0 (B) ,2 (C) , (D) (–4,0)
2 2 2 2
[JEE 2011, 3, –1]
2 2
19. The straight line 2x – 3y = 1 divides the circular region x + y 6 into two parts. If
3 5 3 1 1 1 1
S 2, , , , , , , ,
4 2 4 4 4 8 4
then the number of point(s) in S lying inside the smaller part is [JEE 2011, 4]
20. The locus of the mid-point of the chord of contact of tangents drawn from points lying on the straight line
2 2
4x – 5y = 20 to the circle x + y = 9 is- [JEE 2012, 3, –1]
2 2 2 2
(A) 20(x + y ) – 36x + 45y = 0 (B) 20(x + y ) + 36x – 45y = 0
2 2 2 2
(C) 36(x + y ) – 20x + 45y = 0 (D) 36(x + y ) + 20x – 45y = 0
Paragraph for Question 21 and 22
A tangent PT is drawn to the circle x2 + y2 = 4 at the point P
3, 1 . A straight line L, perpendicular to PT is
23. Circle(s) touching x-axis at a distance 3 from the origin and having an intercept of length 2 7 or y-axis
To find the equation of a circle tangent to a line and passing through a point, first determine the distance from the center of the circle to the tangent line, which equals the radius. Using the fixed point through which the circle passes, solve for the center using the conditions of tangency and the fixed radius. Next, use the general circle equation (x-h)^2 + (y-k)^2 = r^2, substituting in the found center and radius values. Refer to cases where circles touch lines, such as in the contact problem where the center of the circle is derived based on the line equation and a point it needs to pass through .
The concept of a director circle - a circle whose radius is the geometric mean of the radii of two circles at maximum distance - significantly influences tangent properties. For a point on this director circle, tangents drawn to another circle are perpendicular, because the director circle's size is calculated to exactly balance the distances to these tangent points. This property is rooted in advanced properties of radical axes and power circles, creating unique conditions for orthogonal lines at point intersections .
Orthogonal circles are significant in geometry as they intersect at right angles (90°). Algebraically, the relationship is defined by the condition 2g1g2 + 2f1f2 = c1 + c2, where (g1, f1) and (g2, f2) are coefficients from the equations of the circles. This condition ensures that at the point of intersection, the tangents are perpendicular which results in orthogonal circles. This condition can be derived from the properties of perpendicular lines and their slopes, and is often used to find unknown coefficients in circle equations .
For a circle to circumscribe another within a quadrilateral such as ABCD, it must be a cyclic quadrilateral. This means that the opposite angles of the quadrilateral must sum to 180° (supplementary angles). Algebraically, this requirement ensures that a circle can be drawn through all four vertices. The existence of a circumcircle means the quadrilateral conforms to cyclic properties, such as the equal power of point principle for vertices on the circle .
To prove the tangency condition between a line and a circle analytically, we use the condition D^2 = r^2 + d^2, where D is the perpendicular distance from the circle center to the line, r is the circle's radius, and d is a variable for given center and line details. When transforming from circle-center form (x-a)^2 + (y-b)^2 = r^2, align the line's form to Ax + By + C = 0. Confirm condition satisfaction by substituting the circle's parameters into the distance formula: The line is tangent if and only if the linear combination exactly equals the circle's radius .
A radical axis becomes a directrix in situations involving the construction of loci of points that equidistantly relate to two circle centers via power of points. This transformation occurs in the context of defining geometrically significant paths, where the axis serves as a reference line against which related paths (like hyperbolas or ellipses) are symmetrically aligned. This use case extends into certain ellipse and hyperbola constructions that rely on the radical axis forming part of the conic's defining features .
To find common tangents to two circles, we first need to establish the relative positions of the circles (e.g., whether they are disjoint, intersect, or one is inside the other). Based on this, there can be two external or two internal tangents. The line equations for tangents are derived by setting the distance from the line to each circle's center equal to the radius, ensuring alignment with the tangent conditions. This usually involves solving simultaneous equations based on the circle equations and applying geometric properties such as the tangent-secant theorem .
Circle intersections can define equidistant loci by leveraging the fact that the perpendicular bisector of any segment joining two points is the locus of all points equidistant from the endpoints. By setting equation systems for intersection points of circles centered at these given points with equal radii, the intersection aligns along this bisector. Solving these systems uncovers a line equation representing the equidistant path, crucial in constructions like Voronoi diagrams or geometric medians .
The area of a quadrilateral formed by tangents from external points can be calculated by using the formula for the area of tangential quadrilaterals: Area = √((s-a)(s-b)(s-c)(s-d)), where s is the semi-perimeter and a, b, c, d are the tangent lengths from the points to the circle. This formula is derived from the properties of a tangential quadrilateral, where it is inscribed in the circle such that each vertex touches the circle, and each side is a tangent from an external point .
The radical axis theorem proves that the locus of centers of circles cutting two given circles orthogonally is a straight line. This theorem states that for two given circles, the locus of points from which tangents of equal length can be drawn is a line, known as the radical axis. This line represents all the centers of circles that will intersect the given circles orthogonally, reaffirming a geometric property derived from the equal power to two circle centers .