AUXILIAR: Luis Favio Orihuela Toledo Estructuras Metálicas-CIV245
EJEMPLO 1.
Viga arriostrada lateralmente A36, Hormigón H21 CM=0.4q CV=0.6q Método DFCR
Estructura: Viga y columnas de 8x26x0.8cm. Vínculos: Empotrado – articulado. A36
Determinar la capacidad de carga de la estructura.
Propiedades de la sección: Zx= ……….......cm3 I =……….......cm4 ry =…………..cm
Capacidad de la viga.- q= .................kps/cm. Incluye su peso propio
Capacidad de la columna
Para £ 1.50 para ³ 1.50
gP = Pu = Fcr A P=-----------------kps. Incluye su peso propio
Metodo DFCR: γ ⋅ Qi ＝ ø ⋅ Rn
1.2 CM + 1.6 CV
γ ＝ ――――――
CM + CV
1.-Capacidad de carga de la viga:
q＝?
q ⋅ l2
M max ＝ ――
1.-Control por Flexión: γ ⋅ M max ＝ 0.9 ⋅ fy ⋅ Zx 8
1.2 ((0.4 q)) + 1.6 ((0.6 q))
γ ＝ ―――――――― ＝ 1.44
0.4 q + 0.6 q
Determinar el modulo Plastico Zx: Zx ＝ Ai ⋅ Yi
Zx ＝ 2 ⋅ [[ ((8 ⋅ 0.8)) ⋅ 12.6 + ((12.2 ⋅ 0.8)) ⋅ 6.1 ]]
0.8
0.8 Zx ＝ 280.352 cm 3
Ln ⎛ q ⋅ ((600)) 2 ⎞
1.44 ⋅ ⎜―――⎟ ＝ 0.9 ⋅ ((2530)) ⋅ ((280.352))
⎝ 8 ⎠
kg
q1 ＝ 9.85 ⋅ ――
cm
AUXILIAR: Luis Favio Orihuela Toledo Estructuras Metálicas-CIV245
AUXILIAR: Luis Favio Orihuela Toledo Estructuras Metálicas-CIV245
2.-Control por Corte: γ ⋅ V max ＝ 0.9 ⋅ ((0.6 ⋅ fy ⋅ Aw))
V max ＝ 0.625 ⋅ q ⋅ l
Aw ＝ 24.4 ⋅ 0.8 ＝ 19.52 ⋅ cm 2
1.44 ⋅ ((0.625 ⋅ q ⋅ 600)) ＝ 0.9 ⋅ 0.6 ⋅ ((2530)) ⋅ ((19.52))
kg
q2 ＝ 49.38 ⋅ ――
cm
3.-Control por Deformación: δreal ≤ δadm
3 q ⋅ l4 l
δreal ＝ ―― ⋅ ―― δadm ＝ ――
384 E ⋅ Ix 360
3 3
8 ⋅ ((26)) 7.2 ⋅ ((24.4))
Ix ＝ ―――- ――――＝ 3001.26 cm 4
12 12
3 q ⋅ ((600)) 4 600 kg
―― ⋅ ――――――― ＝ ―― q3 ＝ 10.37 ⋅ ――
384 ⎛⎝2.1 ⋅ 10 ⎞⎠ ⋅ ((3001.26)) 360
6
cm
kg
Adoptamos. q ＝ 9.85 ⋅ ――
cm
AUXILIAR: Luis Favio Orihuela Toledo Estructuras Metálicas-CIV245
AUXILIAR: Luis Favio Orihuela Toledo Estructuras Metálicas-CIV245
2.-Capacidad de la Columna:
kg
q ＝ 9.85 ⋅ ――
cm
RB ＝ 1.25 ⋅ q ⋅ l ＝ 1.25 ⋅ ((9.85)) ⋅ ((600)) ＝ 7387.5 Kg
1.-Propiedades de la seccion:
P ＝ 7387.5 Kg
Y
0.8
0.8
X
A ＝ 8 ⋅ 26 - 7.2 ⋅ 24.4 ＝ 32.32 ⋅ cm 2
Ix ＝ 3001.26 ⋅ cm 4
⎛ 0.8 ⋅ 8 3 ⎞ 24.4 ⋅ ((0.8)) 3 4
Iy ＝ 2 ⋅ ⎜――― ⎟ + ――――＝ 69.3 ⋅ cm
⎝ 12 ⎠ 12
Adoptamos: Iy ＝ 69.3 ⋅ cm 4
K⋅l ‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
Imenor ‾‾‾‾‾
69.3
2.-Determinar la Esbeltez: λ ＝ ―― r ＝ ――― ＝ ――＝ 1.46 cm
r A 32.32
ry ＝ 1.46 cm
0.7 ⋅ ((600))
λy ＝ ―――― ＝ 287.67
1.46
3.-Determinar la esbeltez reducida y clasificar la columna:
λ´ ＝ 0.011 ⋅ λ ＝ 0.011 ⋅ ((287.67)) ＝ 3.16 λ´ ＝ 3.16 > 1.5
Columna Larga
0.877
4.-Determinar la Tension critica de Pandeo: Fcr ＝ ―― ⋅ fy
λ´ 2
0.877 kg
Fcr ＝ ――― ⋅ 2530 ＝ 222.20 ⋅ ――
3.16 ´ 2 cm 2
5.-Determinar la Capacidad de la Columna: γ ⋅ P ＝ 0.85 ⋅ Fcri ⋅ A
((1.44)) ⋅ P ＝ 0.85 ⋅ 222.20 ⋅ 32.32 Padm ＝ 4239.08 Kg < 7387.5 Kg
Falla!!!
AUXILIAR: Luis Favio Orihuela Toledo Estructuras Metálicas-CIV245
AUXILIAR: Luis Favio Orihuela Toledo Estructuras Metálicas-CIV245
Ejemplo 2:
Detalle de conexión:
DATOS: Perfil 12Wf22 L=6.50m acero: A36 Pernos A325G1 Espesor de Placa:
a)Determinar: q=………….kp/cm ? t ＝ 0.8 cm
b)Determinar el Diámetro de los Pernos D=..........cm. CM=0.4q CV=0.6q
PERFILES LAMINADOS AMERICANOS
Perfiles laminados Americanos WF ó W .- Dimensiones en pulgadas. Peso: lb/pie hw altura del alma
dxWFlb/pie A d tw b t k Ix Wx rx Iy Wy ry Zx Zy
12WF58 17.00 12.19 0.34 10.01 0.64 1.38 475 78 5.28 107 21.40 2.51 86 33
12WF35 10.30 12.50 0.30 6.56 0.52 1.00 285 46 5.25 25 7.50 1.54 51 11.5
12WF22 6.49 12.31 0.26 4.03 0.42 0.87 156 25.40 4.91 4.66 2.31 0.84 29.30 3.66
12WF14 4.16 11.91 0.20 3.97 0.22 0.68 89 14.90 4.62 2.36 1.19 0.75 17.40 1.90
10WF112 32.90 11.36 0.75 10.41 1.25 1.87 716 126 4.66 236 45.30 2.68 147 69.20
10WF45 13.30 10.10 0.35 8.02 0.62 1.25 248 49.10 4.32 53.40 13.30 2.01 54.90 20.30
10WF22 6.49 10.17 0.24 5.75 0.36 0.75 118 23.20 4.27 11.40 3.97 1.33 26.00 6.10
10WF12 3.54 9.87 0.19 3.96 0.21 0.62 54 10.90 3.90 2.18 1.10 0.78 12.60 1.74
a)Capacidad de la viga: q＝?
Propiedades de la sección:
d=altura del Perfil=12.31pulg=31.27cm
b=base del perfil=4.03pulg=10.24cm
t t=espesor del Ala=0.42pulg=1.07cm
tw tw=espesor del Alma=0.26pulg=0.66cm
Zx ＝ 29.30 ⋅ pulg 3 ＝ 480.14 ⋅ cm 3
Ix ＝ 156 ⋅ pulg 4 ＝ 6493.2 ⋅ cm 4
AUXILIAR: Luis Favio Orihuela Toledo Estructuras Metálicas-CIV245
AUXILIAR: Luis Favio Orihuela Toledo Estructuras Metálicas-CIV245
1.-Control por Flexión: γ ⋅ M max ＝ 0.9 ⋅ fy ⋅ Zx
q
1.2 ⋅ ((0.4 q)) + 1.6 ⋅ ((0.6 q))
γ ＝ ――――――――＝ 1.44
0.4 q + 0.6 q
max q ⋅ l2
⎛ q ⋅ ((650)) ⎞
2 M ＝ ――
1.44 ⋅ ⎜―――⎟ ＝ 0.9 ⋅ ((2530)) ⋅ ((480.14)) 8
⎝ 8 ⎠ kg
q1 ＝ 14.38 ⋅ ――
cm
2.-Control por Corte: γ ⋅ Vmax ＝ 0.9 ⋅ ((0.6 ⋅ fy ⋅ Aw))
q
q⋅l
Vmax ＝ ――
2
Aw ＝ tw ⋅ ((d - 2 ⋅ t)) ＝ 0.66 ⋅ ((31.27 - 2 ⋅ 1.07)) ＝ 19.23 ⋅ cm 2
⎛ q ⋅ 650 ⎞ kg
((1.44)) ⋅ ⎜――― ⎟ ＝ 0.9 ⋅ ((0.6 ⋅ 2530 ⋅ 19.23)) q2 ＝ 56.14 ⋅ ――
⎝ 2 ⎠ cm
l
3.-Control Por Deformación: δreal ≤ δadm δadm ＝ ――
360
δreal
5 q ⋅ l4
δreal ＝ ―― ⋅ ――
384 E ⋅ Ix
5 q ⋅ ((650)) 4 650
―― ⋅ ――――――― ＝ ――
384 ⎛⎝2.1 ⋅ 10 ⎞⎠ ⋅ ((6493.2)) 360
6 kg
q3 ＝ 10.592 ⋅ ――
cm
kg
Adoptamos. q ＝ 10.592 ⋅ ――
cm
AUXILIAR: Luis Favio Orihuela Toledo Estructuras Metálicas-CIV245
AUXILIAR: Luis Favio Orihuela Toledo Estructuras Metálicas-CIV245
kg
q ＝ 10.592 ⋅ ――
b)Determinar el diámetro de los Pernos: cm
3442.4
P ＝ ――― ＝ 1721.2 Kg
2
q ⋅ l 10.592 ⋅ 650
Ra ＝ ―― ＝ ――――＝ 3442.4 Kg
P ＝ 1721.2 Kg 2 2
fr4
1 4
d1 d4
fr1
M＝P ⋅ e
d2 d3 fr3
3
M⋅x M⋅y
2 fr2 fry ＝ ―― frx ＝ ――
Ip Ip
P
fv ＝ ―――
0
Ip ＝ Ix + Iy
N ⋅A
y
M＝P ⋅ e
Adoptamos.
A ＝ 1 cm 2
fv fv
cg x
fv fv
1721.2 ⋅ 15 ⋅ 3 kg
I ＝ Ig + Ai ⋅ di 2 I ＝ Ai ⋅ di 2 fry ＝ ――――― ＝ 177.65 ⋅ ――
436 cm 2
Ix ＝ ⎛⎝1 ⋅ 10 2 ⎞⎠ ⋅ 4 ＝ 400 cm 4
1721.2 ⋅ 15 ⋅ 10 kg
frx ＝ ――――― ＝ 592.16 ⋅ ――
Iy ＝ ⎛⎝1 ⋅ 3 2 ⎞⎠ ⋅ 4 ＝ 36 ⋅ cm 4 436 cm 2
1721.2 kg
Ip ＝ 400 + 36 ＝ 436 cm 4 fv ＝ ――― ＝ 430.3 ⋅ ――
4⋅1 cm 2
AUXILIAR: Luis Favio Orihuela Toledo Estructuras Metálicas-CIV245
AUXILIAR: Luis Favio Orihuela Toledo Estructuras Metálicas-CIV245
Analisis del Perno Mas Cargado:
frt fry ‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾ 2
frt ＝ frx 2 + ((fv + fry))
‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾ 2 kg
frt ＝ 592.16 2 + ((430.3 + 177.65)) ＝ 848.679 ⋅ ――
cm 2
frx
1.-Control por Aplastamiento de la Placa:
fv γ ⋅ frt ＝ 0.75 ⋅ ((fu ⋅ 3 ⋅ D ⋅ t))
1.44 ⋅ ((848.679)) ＝ 0.75 ⋅ ((4080 ⋅ 3 ⋅ D ⋅ 0.8))
D1 ＝ 0.17 cm
2.-Control por Corte del Perno:
γ ⋅ frt ＝ 0.65 ⋅ ((0.6 ⋅ Fu ⋅ Ap))
⎛ π ⋅ D2 ⎞
((1.44)) ⋅ ((848.679)) ＝ 0.65 ⋅ ⎜0.6 ⋅ 8250 ⋅ ――⎟
⎝ 4 ⎠
D2 ＝ 0.695 cm
Adoptamos. D ＝ 0.695 cm