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2 Biomass Characterization

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16 views2 pages

2 Biomass Characterization

Uploaded by

asmita
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© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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@V What is meant by Fuel(Biomass) Characterization? Fuel characterization concerns with the “analysis” and “energy content of fuel” (also known as calorific value). Fuel analysis comprises of “proximate” and “ultimate”. Analysis of biomass: There are two methods of analysis: (1) Proximate analysis (2) Ultimate analysis. The proximate analysis determines only the fixed carbon, volatile matter, moisture and ash percentages and the ultimate analysis determines all biomass elemental components (C,H,O,N,S). (1)Proximate Analysis Measurement of Moisture Determination of moisture is carried out by placing a sample of powdered raw biomass in an uncovered crucible and it is placed in the oven kept at 105+2 °c along with the lid. Then the sample is cooled to room temperature and weighed again. The loss in weight represents moisture. Measurement of Volatile Matter Fresh sample of biomass is weighed, placed in a geyered crucible, 5. fot 6 AF Minuteo and heated in a furnace at 900 +10 C,,The sample is cooled and weighed. Loss of weight represents moisture and volatile matter. The remainder is coke (fixed carbon and ash). Measurement of Carbon and Ash The cover from the crucible used in the last test is removed and the crucible is heated over the burner until all the carbon is burned. The residue is weighed, which is the incombustible ash (Ash is made of inorganic materials, mostly calcium, potassium and magnesium etc). The difference in weight from the previous weighing is the fixed carbon. In actual practice Fixed Carbon or FC derived by subtracting from 100 the value of moisture, volatile matter and ash. FC(%d.b.) = 100-VM(%d.b.)-Ash(%d.b.)-M.C. (%d.b.) (2)UItimate Analysis: The ultimate analysis indicates the constituents such as Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen, Sulphur ash element etc, various elemental chemical Calorific value of biomass: ///// Shir @ Calorific value is defined as the amount of energy released from the complete combustion of a unit mass or volume of a combustible material. It is measured in kJ/kg, MJ/kg, kcal/kg or keallm’ ete. Two calorific values are generally defined; these are the higher heating value (HHV) and the lower heating value (LHV) The High heating value (HHV) or high calorific value (HCV) or gross calorific value (GCV): High calorific value may be defined as, the total amount of heat products when one unit of the fuel has been burnt completely and the products combustion have been cooled, so that the water of combustion is entirely condensed and that the heat contained in the water vapour is recovered The low heating value (LHV) or low calorific value (LCV) or net calorific value (NCV): Low calorific value may be defined as, the net heat produced when unit mass or volume of fuel is completely burnt and products are allowed to escape and that the heat in the water vapours is not recovered. Net or lower C.V. = Gross C.V. - Latent heat of water formed

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