Name:______________________________Class: _________________ Date: _________________
Plant Structure and Function
Chapter Test A
Answer Key
Multiple Choice 21. drawing A
1. c 22. drawing D
2. b 23. drawings B, C, and D
3. d 24. The leaf is made up of many small leaflets.
4. a The leaflets are attached to a stalk called a
5. b petiole.
6. b 25. Accept any two of the following: type (or
7. d shape), margins (or edge), vein pattern.
8. b
9. d
10. b
11. d
12. c
13. c
14. a
15. b
Short Answer
16. in the upper surface of leaves (Also accept:
in the mesophyll.)
17. water evaporation
18. ground tissue (Also accept: parenchyma
tissue.)
19. The top of a leaf is covered with a cuticle
layer. The upper layer has chloropasts in it.
The middle layer contains xylem and
phloem. The lower layer has stomata.
20. All parts of the plant need to have water and
other materials moved to or from them. That
is what xylem and phloem do.
Copyright by McDougal Littell, a division of Houghton Mifflin Company
Biology 1 Plant Structure and Function
Name:______________________________Class: _________________ Date: _________________
Plant Structure and Function
Chapter Test A
MULTIPLE CHOICE
Choose the letter of the best answer. (15 credits)
_____ 1. The strongest plant cells are _____ 5. Figure 1 shows a root tip.
a. parenchyma cells. What are the protective cells
b. collenchyma cells. at the very tip of the root
c. sclerenchyma cells. called?
d. dermal cells.
_____ 2. What is the function of
collenchyma cells?
a. to store starch, oils, and
water for the plant
b. to provide support while
allowing the plant to
grow
c. to transport materials
through long strands FIG. 1
d. to connect different types
a. meristem.
of cells
b. root cap.
_____ 3. The function of the vascular c. vascular cylinder.
tissue is to d. root hairs.
a. secrete a substance that
_____ 6. Transpiration lowers the
becomes the cuticle.
b. cover the outside of a pressure in the leaf xylem,
plant and protect it. creating a vacuum that
a. forces water out of
c. provide support and
leaves.
supply materials.
b. pulls water upward.
d. transport water and
nutrients to all parts of c. attracts water to the
xylem wall.
the plant.
d. moves water into the
_____ 4. Cohesion is a result of phloem.
hydrogen bonds that form
between _____ 7. In the pressure-flow model,
sugar is pumped into the
a. water molecules.
phloem, and water flows
b. water and the xylem wall.
c. tracheid cells. into the phloem through
a. stomata.
d. vessel elements.
b. sap.
c. active transport.
d. osmosis.
Copyright by McDougal Littell, a division of Houghton Mifflin Company
Biology 2 Plant Structure and Function
Name:______________________________Class: _________________ Date: _________________
Chapter Test A, continued
_____ 8. Which type of tissue makes _____ 12. The functions of plant stems
up most of the inside of a include providing support,
plant? transporting water and
a. dermal c. vascular materials, and
b. ground d. phloem a. taking up water from soil.
b. forming a vascular
_____ 9. Roots absorb water partly cylinder.
through tiny extensions of c. storing food and water.
dermal cells called d. exchanging gases.
a. lateral meristems.
b. apical meristems. _____ 13. Which leaf adaptations
c. vascular cylinders. occur to minimize water
d. root hairs. loss in both deserts and cold
dry climates?
_____ 10. Figure 2 shows a cross a. plump leaves that store
section through a tree. What water
does each ring represent? b. large and broad leaves
c. needles and spines
d. compound and double
compound leaves
_____ 14. The upper surfaces of leaves
are used mainly for
a. light gathering.
b. gas exchange.
c. collecting water.
d. protection from
predators.
_____ 15. Water loss is not a problem
for what group of plants?
a. desert plants
FIG. 2
b. aquatic plants
a. one winter of growth c. cold-climate plants
b. one year of growth d. dry-climate plants
c. five years of growth
d. ten years of growth
_____ 11. The blade of a leaf is
connected to the stem by a
thin stalk called a
a. mesophyll. c. bud.
b. cuticle. d. petiole.
Copyright by McDougal Littell, a division of Houghton Mifflin Company
Biology 3 Plant Structure and Function
Name:______________________________Class: _________________ Date: _________________
Chapter Test A, continued
Short Answer Use the diagram below to answer items 16–20. (5 credits)
FIG. 3
16. In what part of the leaf are the chloroplasts found?
_______________________________________________________________
17. What does the cuticle protect the plant from?
_______________________________________________________________
18. What type of tissue surrounds the chloroplasts and the xylem and phloem in
the leaves?
_______________________________________________________________
19. Describe the parts of a leaf, from top to bottom.
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
20. Why do all of the parts of the tree shown in Figure 3 contain xylem and
phloem?
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
Copyright by McDougal Littell, a division of Houghton Mifflin Company
Biology 4 Plant Structure and Function
Name:______________________________Class: _________________ Date: _________________
Chapter Test A, continued
Use the diagram below to answer items 21–25. (5 credits)
FIG. 4
21. Which drawing in Figure 4 shows a compound leaf?
_______________________________________________________________
22. Which drawing in Figure 4 shows a leaf with a lobed margin?
_______________________________________________________________
23. Which drawings in Figure 4 show simple leaves?
_______________________________________________________________
24. Describe the different parts of the leaf in drawing A using the correct scientific
names.
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
25. Name two leaf characteristics shown in the figure that could help you describe
the leaf in scientific terms.
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
Copyright by McDougal Littell, a division of Houghton Mifflin Company
Biology 5 Plant Structure and Function
