Chemistry: The Central Science, 14e (Brown, et al.

)
Chapter 3 Chemical Reactions and Reaction Stoichiometry

3.1 Multiple-Choice Questions

1) When the following equation is balanced, the coefficients are ________.

C8H18 + O2 → CO2 + H2O

A) 2, 3, 4, 4
B) 1, 4, 8, 9
C) 2, 12, 8, 9
D) 4, 4, 32, 36
E) 2, 25, 16, 18
Answer: E
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 3.1
LO: 3.1
GO: G2

2) Of the reactions below, which one is not a combination reaction?

A) C + O2 → CO2
B) 2Mg + O2 → 2MgO
C) 2N2 + 3H2 → 2NH3
D) CaO + H2O → Ca(OH)2
E) 2CH4 + 4O2 → 2CO2 + 4H2O
Answer: E
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 3.2
LO: 3.2
GO: G2

3) When a hydrocarbon burns in air, what component of air reacts?

A) oxygen
B) nitrogen
C) carbon dioxide
D) water
E) argon
Answer: A
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 3.2
LO: 3.2
GO: G2

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4) When a hydrocarbon burns in air, a component produced is ________.
A) oxygen
B) nitrogen
C) carbon
D) water
E) argon
Answer: D
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 3.2
LO: 3.2
GO: G2

5) Of the reactions below, which one is a decomposition reaction?

A) NH4Cl → NH3 + HCl
B) 2Mg + O2 → 2MgO
C) 2N2 + 3H2 → 2NH3
D) 2CH4 + 4O2 → 2CO2 + 4H2O
E) Cd(NO3)2 + Na2S → CdS + 2NaNO3
Answer: A
Diff: 3 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 3.2
LO: 3.2
GO: G2

6) Which one of the following substances is the product of this combination reaction?

Al (s) + I2(s) → ________

A) AlI2
B) AlI
C) AlI3
D) Al2I3
E) Al3I2
Answer: C
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 3.2
LO: 3.2
GO: G2

7) Which one of the following is not true concerning automotive air bags?
A) They are inflated as a result of a decomposition reaction.
B) They are loaded with sodium azide initially.
C) The gas used for inflating them is oxygen.
D) The two products of the decomposition reaction are sodium and nitrogen.
E) A gas is produced when the air bag activates.
Answer: C
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 3.2
LO: 3.2
GO: G2
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8) The reaction used to inflate automobile airbags ________.
A) produces sodium gas
B) is a combustion reaction
C) is a combination reaction
D) violates the law of conservation of mass
E) is a decomposition reaction
Answer: E
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 3.2
LO: 3.2
GO: G2

9) Which of the following are combination reactions?

1) CH4 (g) + O2 (g) → CO2 (g) + H2O (l)
2) CaO (s) + CO2 (g) → CaCO3 (s)
3) Mg (s) + O2(g) → MgO (s)
4) PbCO3 (s) → PbO (s) + CO2 (g)
A) 1, 2, and 3
B) 2 and 3
C) 1, 2, 3, and 4
D) 4 only
E) 2, 3, and 4
Answer: B
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 3.2
LO: 3.2
GO: G2

10) Which of the following are combustion reactions?

1) CH4 (g) + O2 (g) → CO2 (g) + H2O (l)
2) CaO (s) + CO2 (g) → CaCO3 (s)
3) PbCO3 (s) → PbO (s) + CO2 (g)
4) CH3OH (l) + O2 (g) → CO2 (g) + H2O (l)
A) 1 and 4
B) 1, 2, 3, and 4
C) 1, 3, and 4
D) 2, 3, and 4
E) 3 and 4
Answer: A
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 3.2
LO: 3.2
GO: G2

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11) Which of the following are decomposition reactions?
1) CH4 (g) + O2 (g) → CO2 (g) + H2O (l)
2) CaO (s) + CO2 (g) → CaCO3 (s)
3) Mg (s) + O2(g) → MgO (s)
4) PbCO3 (s) → PbO (s) + CO2 (g)
A) 1, 2, and 3
B) 4 only
C) 1, 2, 3, and 4
D) 2 and 3
E) 2, 3, and 4
Answer: B
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 3.2
LO: 3.2
GO: G2

12) The formula of nitrobenzene is C6H5NO2. The molecular weight of this compound is
________ amu.
A) 107.11
B) 43.03
C) 109.10
D) 123.11
E) 3.06
Answer: D
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 3.3
LO: 3.3
GO: G4

13) The formula weight of potassium dichromate (K2Cr2O7) is ________ amu.

A) 107.09
B) 255.08
C) 242.18
D) 294.18
E) 333.08
Answer: D
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 3.3
LO: 3.3
GO: G4

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14) The formula weight of silver chromate (Ag2CrO4) is ________ amu.
A) 159.87
B) 223.87
C) 331.73
D) 339.86
E) 175.87
Answer: C
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 3.3
LO: 3.3
GO: G4

15) The formula weight of ammonium sulfate ((NH4)2SO4), rounded to the nearest integer, is
________ amu.
A) 100
B) 118
C) 116
D) 132
E) 264
Answer: D
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 3.3
LO: 3.3
GO: G4

16) The molecular weight of the acetic acid (CH3CO2H), rounded to the nearest integer, is
________ amu.
A) 60
B) 48
C) 44
D) 32
Answer: A
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 3.3
LO: 3.3
GO: G4

17) The formula weight of a substance is ________.

A) identical to the molar mass
B) the same as the percent by mass weight
C) determined by combustion analysis
D) the sum of the atomic weights of each atom in its chemical formula
E) the weight of a sample of the substance
Answer: D
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 3.3
LO: 3.3
GO: G2

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18) The formula weight of calcium nitrate (Ca(NO3)2), rounded to one decimal place, is
________ amu.
A) 102.1
B) 164.0
C) 204.2
D) 150.1
E) 116.1
Answer: B
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 3.3
LO: 3.3
GO: G4

19) What is the formula weight of magnesium fluoride (MgF2)?

A) 86.6
B) 43.3
C) 62.3
D) 67.6
E) 92.9
Answer: C
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 3.3
LO: 3.3
GO: G4

20) What is the formula weight of lead iodide (PbI2)?

A) 334.1
B) 168.7
C) 295.6
D) 461.0
E) 668.2
Answer: D
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 3.3
LO: 3.3
GO: G4

21) The mass % of C in methane (CH4) is ________.

A) 25.13
B) 133.6
C) 74.87
D) 92.26
E) 7.743
Answer: C
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 3.3
LO: 3.3
GO: G4

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22) The mass % of H in methane (CH4) is ________.
A) 25.13
B) 4.032
C) 74.87
D) 92.26
E) 7.743
Answer: A
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 3.3
LO: 3.3
GO: G4

23) The mass % of F in the binary compound KrF2 is ________.

A) 18.48
B) 45.38
C) 68.80
D) 81.52
E) 31.20
Answer: E
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 3.3
LO: 3.3
GO: G4

24) Calculate the percentage by mass of nitrogen in PtCl2(NH3)2.

A) 4.67
B) 9.34
C) 9.90
D) 4.95
E) 12.67
Answer: B
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 3.3
LO: 3.3
GO: G4

25) Calculate the percentage by mass of lead in Pb(NO3)2.

A) 38.6
B) 44.5
C) 62.6
D) 65.3
E) 71.2
Answer: C
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 3.3
LO: 3.3
GO: G4

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26) Calculate the percentage by mass of carbon in CO2.
A) 27.29
B) 75.10
C) 73.05
D) 72.71
E) 37.53
Answer: A
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 3.3
LO: 3.3
GO: G4

27) Calculate the percentage by mass of oxygen in Pb(NO3)2.

A) 9.7
B) 14.5
C) 19.3
D) 29.0
E) 33.4
Answer: D
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 3.3
LO: 3.3
GO: G4

28) Calculate the percentage by mass of ammonia in cisplatin, PtCl2(NH3)2.

A) 5.68
B) 11.35
C) 4.67
D) 12.53
E) 18.09
Answer: B
Diff: 3 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 3.3
LO: 3.3
GO: G4

29) Calculate the percentage by mass of hydrogen in PtCl2(NH3)2.

A) 1.558
B) 1.008
C) 0.672
D) 0.034
E) 2.016
Answer: E
Diff: 3 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 3.3
LO: 3.3
GO: G4

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30) Which of the following contains the largest number of atoms in mole?
A) S8
B) C4H10
C) Al2(SO4)3
D) Na3PO4
E) Cl2
Answer: C
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 3.4
LO: 3.4
GO: G4

31) One mole of ________ contains the smallest number of atoms.

A) S8
B) C10H8
C) Al2(SO4)3
D) Na3PO4
E) NaCl
Answer: E
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 3.4
LO: 3.4
GO: G4

32) One million argon atoms is ________ mol (rounded to two significant figures) of argon
atoms.
A) 3.0
B) 1.7 × 10-18
C) 6.0 × 1023
D) 1.0 × 10-6
E) 1.0 × 10+6
Answer: B
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 3.4
LO: 3.5
GO: G4

33) How many molecules of CH4 are in 48.2 g of this compound?

A) 5.00 × 10-24
B) 2.00 × 1023
C) 4.64 × 1026
D) 1.81 × 1024
E) 4.00
Answer: D
Diff: 3 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 3.4
LO: 3.5
GO: G4

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34) A 30.5 gram sample of glucose (C6H12O6) contains ________ mol of glucose.
A) 0.424
B) 0.169
C) 5.90
D) 2.36
E) 0.136
Answer: B
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 3.4
LO: 3.4
GO: G4

35) A sample of CH2F2 with a mass of 19 g contains ________ atoms of F.

A) 2.2 × 1023
B) 38
C) 3.3 × 1024
D) 4.4 × 1023
E) 9.5
Answer: D
Diff: 3 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 3.4
LO: 3.5
GO: G4

36) A sample of CH4O with a mass of 32.0 g contains ________ molecules of CH4O.
A) 5.32 × 10-23
B) 1.00
C) 1.88 × 1022
D) 6.02 × 1023
E) 32.0
Answer: D
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 3.4
LO: 3.5
GO: G4

37) How many atoms of nitrogen are in 10 g of NH4NO3?

A) 3.5
B) 1.5 × 1023
C) 3.0 × 1023
D) 1.8
E) 2
Answer: B
Diff: 3 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 3.4
LO: 3.5
GO: G4

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38) Gaseous neon has a density of 0.900 g/L at standard conditions. How many neon atoms are
in 1.00 L of neon gas at standard conditions?
A) 5.42 × 1023
B) 1.35 × 1025
C) 7.41 × 10-26
D) 2.69 × 1022
E) 6.02 × 1023
Answer: D
Diff: 4 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 3.4
LO: 3.5
GO: G4

39) How many oxygen atoms are contained in 2.74 g of Al2(SO4)3?

A) 12
B) 6.02 × 1023
C) 7.22 × 1024
D) 5.79 × 1022
E) 8.01 × 10-3
Answer: D
Diff: 3 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 3.4
LO: 3.5
GO: G4

40) What is the total number of atoms in 0.139 mol of Fe(OH2)63+?

A) 19.0
B) 1.59 × 1024
C) 8.37 × 1022
D) 2.64
E) 1.84 × 1024
Answer: B
Diff: 3 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 3.4
LO: 3.5
GO: G4

41) How many sulfur dioxide molecules are there in 1.80 mol of sulfur dioxide?
A) 1.08 × 1023
B) 6.02 × 1024
C) 1.80 × 1024
D) 1.08 × 1024
E) 6.02 × 1023
Answer: D
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 3.4
LO: 3.5
GO: G4
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42) How many sulfur dioxide molecules are there in 0.180 mol of sulfur dioxide?
A) 1.80 × 1023
B) 6.02 × 1024
C) 6.02 × 1023
D) 1.08 × 1024
E) 1.08 × 1023
Answer: E
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 3.4
LO: 3.5
GO: G4

43) How many carbon atoms are there in 52.06 g of carbon dioxide?
A) 5.206 × 1024
B) 3.134 × 1025
C) 7.122 × 1023
D) 8.648 × 10-23
E) 1.424 × 1024
Answer: C
Diff: 3 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 3.4
LO: 3.5
GO: G4

44) How many oxygen atoms are there in 52.06 g of carbon dioxide?
A) 1.424 × 1024
B) 6.022 × 1023
C) 7.122 × 1023
D) 5.088 × 1023
E) 1.018 × 1024
Answer: A
Diff: 3 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 3.4
LO: 3.5
GO: G4

45) How many moles of sodium carbonate contain 1.773 × 1017 carbon atoms?
A) 5.890 × 10-7
B) 2.945 × 10-7
C) 1.473 × 10-7
D) 8.836 × 10-7
E) 9.817 × 10-8
Answer: B
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 3.4
LO: 3.5
GO: G4
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46) How many grams of sodium carbonate contain 1.773 × 1017 carbon atoms?
A) 3.121 × 10-5
B) 1.011 × 10-5
C) 1.517 × 10-5
D) 9.100 × 10-5
E) 6.066 × 10-5
Answer: A
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 3.4
LO: 3.5
GO: G4

47) The compound responsible for the characteristic smell of garlic is allicin, C6H10OS2. What
is the mass (g) of 1.00 mol of allicin?
A) 34
B) 162
C) 86
D) 61
E) 19
Answer: B
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 3.4
LO: 3.4
GO: G7

48) The molecular formula of aspartame, the generic name of NutraSweet®, is C14H18N2O5.
What is the mass (g) of 1.00 mol of aspartame?
A) 24
B) 156
C) 294
D) 43
E) 39
Answer: C
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 3.4
LO: 3.4
GO: G7

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49) There are ________ oxygen atoms in 30 molecules of C20H42S3O2.
A) 6.0 × 1023
B) 1.8 × 1025
C) 3.6 × 1025
D) 1.2 × 1024
E) 60
Answer: E
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 3.4
LO: 3.5
GO: G4

50) A nitrogen oxide is 63.65% by mass nitrogen. The molecular formula could be ________.
A) NO
B) NO2
C) N2O
D) N2O4
E) either NO2 or N2O4
Answer: C
Diff: 3 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 3.5
LO: 3.6
GO: G2

51) A sulfur oxide is 50.0% by mass sulfur. This molecular formula could be ________.
A) SO
B) SO2
C) S2O
D) S2O4
E) either SO2 or S2O4
Answer: E
Diff: 3 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 3.5
LO: 3.6
GO: G2

52) Which hydrocarbon pair below has identical mass percentage of C?

A) C3H4 and C3H6
B) C2H4 and C3H4
C) C2H4 and C4H2
D) C2H4 and C3H6
E) none of the above
Answer: D
Diff: 3 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 3.5
LO: 3.6
GO: G2

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53) Propane (C3H8) reacts with oxygen in the air to produce carbon dioxide and water. In a
particular experiment, 38.0 grams of carbon dioxide are produced from the reaction of 22.05
grams of propane with excess oxygen. What is the % yield in this reaction?
A) 38.0
B) 57.6
C) 66.0
D) 86.4
E) 94.5
Answer: B
Diff: 5 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec 3.7
LO: 3.8
GO: G4

3.2 Bimodal Questions

1) When the following equation is balanced, the coefficients are ________.

NH3 (g) + O2 (g) → NO2 (g) + H2O (g)

A) 1, 1, 1, 1
B) 4, 7, 4, 6
C) 2, 3, 2, 3
D) 1, 3, 1, 2
E) 4, 3, 4, 3
Answer: B
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 3.1
LO: 3.1
GO: G4

2) When the following equation is balanced, the coefficients are ________.

Al(NO3)3 + Na2S → Al2S3 + NaNO3

A) 2, 3, 1, 6
B) 2, 1, 3, 2
C) 1, 1, 1, 1
D) 4, 6, 3, 2
E) 2, 3, 2, 3
Answer: A
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 3.1
LO: 3.1
GO: G2

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3) When the following equation is balanced, the coefficient of H2 is ________.

K (s) + H2O (l) → KOH (aq) + H2 (g)

A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 4
E) 5
Answer: A
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 3.1
LO: 3.1
GO: G2

4) When the following equation is balanced, the coefficient of Al is ________.

Al (s) + H2O (l) → Al(OH (s) + H2 (g)

A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 5
E) 4
Answer: B
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 3.1
LO: 3.1
GO: G2

5) When the following equation is balanced, the coefficient of H2O is ________.

Ca (s) + H2O (l) → Ca(OH)2 (aq) + H2 (g)

A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 5
E) 4
Answer: B
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 3.1
LO: 3.1
GO: G2

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6) When the following equation is balanced, the coefficient of Al2O3 is ________.

Al2O3 (s) + C (s) + Cl2 (g) → AlCl3 (s) + CO (g)

A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 4
E) 5
Answer: A
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 3.1
LO: 3.1
GO: G2

7) When the following equation is balanced, the coefficient of H2S is ________.

FeCl3 (aq) + H2S (g) → Fe2S3 (s) + HCl (aq)

A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 5
E) 4
Answer: C
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 3.1
LO: 3.1
GO: G2

8) When the following equation is balanced, the coefficient of HCl is ________.

CaCO3 (s) + HCl (aq) → CaCl2 (aq) + CO2 (g) + H2O (l)

A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 4
E) 0
Answer: B
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 3.1
LO: 3.1
GO: G2

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9) When the following equation is balanced, the coefficient of HNO3 is ________.

HNO3 (aq) + CaCO3 (s) → Ca(NO3)2 (aq) + CO2 (g) + H2O (l)

A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 5
E) 4
Answer: B
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 3.1
LO: 3.1
GO: G2

10) When the following equation is balanced, the coefficient of H3PO4 is ________.

H3PO4 (aq) + NaOH (aq) → Na3PO4 (aq) + H2O (l)

A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 4
E) 0
Answer: A
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 3.1
LO: 3.1
GO: G2

11) When the following equation is balanced, the coefficient of C3H8O3 is ________.

C3H8O3 (g) + O2 (g) → CO2 (g) + H2O (g)

A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 7
E) 5
Answer: B
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 3.1
LO: 3.1
GO: G2

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12) When the following equation is balanced, the coefficient of O2 is ________.

C2H4O (g) + O2 (g) → CO2 (g) + H2O (g)

A) 2
B) 3
C) 4
D) 5
E) 1
Answer: D
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 3.1
LO: 3.1
GO: G2

13) Balance the following reaction and determine the coefficient of H2O.

CO (g) + H2 (g) → H2O (g) + CH4 (g)

A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 4
E) 0
Answer: A
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 3.1
LO: 3.1
GO: G2

14) When the following equation is balanced, the coefficient of H2SO4 is ________.

H2SO4 (aq) + NaOH (aq) → Na2SO4 (aq) + H2O (l)

A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 4
E) 0.5
Answer: A
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 3.1
LO: 3.1
GO: G2

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15) When the following equation is balanced, the coefficient of water is ________.

K (s) + H2O (l) → KOH (aq) + H2 (g)

A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 4
E) 5
Answer: B
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 3.1
LO: 3.1
GO: G2

16) Balance the following reaction and determine the coefficient of potassium hydroxide.

K (s) + H2O (l) → KOH (aq) + H2 (g)

A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 4
E) 5
Answer: B
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 3.1
LO: 3.1
GO: G2

17) When the following equation is balanced, the coefficient of oxygen is ________.

PbS (s) + O2 (g) → PbO (s) + SO2 (g)

A) 1
B) 3
C) 2
D) 4
E) 5
Answer: B
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 3.1
LO: 3.1
GO: G2

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18) When the following equation is balanced, the coefficient of sulfur dioxide is ________.

PbS (s) + O2 (g) → PbO (s) + SO2 (g)

A) 5
B) 1
C) 3
D) 2
E) 4
Answer: D
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 3.1
LO: 3.1
GO: G2

19) When the following equation is balanced, the coefficient of dinitrogen pentoxide is
________.

N2O5 (g) + H2O (l) → HNO3 (aq)

A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 4
E) 5
Answer: A
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 3.1
LO: 3.1
GO: G2

20) When the following equation is balanced, the coefficient of water is ________.

N2O5 (g) + H2O (l) → HNO3 (aq)

A) 5
B) 2
C) 3
D) 4
E) 1
Answer: E
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 3.1
LO: 3.1
GO: G2

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21) Balance the following reaction and determine the coefficient of nitric acid.

N2O5 (g) + H2O (l) → HNO3 (aq)

A) 5
B) 2
C) 3
D) 4
E) 1
Answer: B
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 3.1
LO: 3.1
GO: G2

22) Write the balanced equation for the reaction that occurs when methanol, CH3OH (l), is
burned in air. What is the coefficient of methanol in the balanced equation?
A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 4
E) 3/2
Answer: B
Diff: 3 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 3.2
LO: 3.2
GO: G2

23) Write the balanced equation for the reaction that occurs when butane undergoes combustion.
What is the coefficient of oxygen in the balanced equation?
A) 10
B) 8
C) 13
D) 4
E) 13/2
Answer: C
Diff: 3 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 3.2
LO: 3.2
GO: G2

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24) What is the coefficient of O2 when the following equation is completed and balanced?

C4H8O2 + O2 → ________

A) 2
B) 3
C) 5
D) 6
E) 1
Answer: C
Diff: 3 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 3.2
LO: 3.2
GO: G4

25) Predict the product in the combination reaction below.

Al (s) + N2 (g) → ________

A) AlN
B) Al3N
C) AlN2
D) Al3N2
E) AlN3
Answer: A
Diff: 3 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 3.2
LO: 3.2
GO: G2

26) The balanced equation for the decomposition of sodium azide is ________.
A) 2NaN3 (s) → 2Na (s) + 3N2 (g)
B) 2NaN3 (s) → Na2 (s) + 3N2 (g)
C) NaN3 (s) → Na (s) + N2 (g)
D) NaN3 (s) → Na (s) + N2 (g) + N (g)
E) 2NaN3 (s) → 2Na (s) + 2N2 (g)
Answer: A
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 3.2
LO: 3.2
GO: G2

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27) There are ________ mol of carbon atoms in 4 mol of C4H8O2.
A) 4
B) 8
C) 16
D) 20
E) 32
Answer: C
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 3.4
LO: 3.4
GO: G4

28) There are ________ sulfur atoms in 25 molecules of C4H4S2.

A) 1.5 × 1025
B) 4.8 × 1025
C) 3.0 × 1025
D) 50
E) 6.02 × 1023
Answer: D
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 3.4
LO: 3.4
GO: G4

29) There are ________ hydrogen atoms in 25 molecules of C4H4S2.

A) 25
B) 3.8 × 1024
C) 6.0 × 1025
D) 100
E) 1.5 × 1025
Answer: D
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 3.4
LO: 3.4
GO: G4

30) A sample of C3H8O that contains 200 molecules contains ________ carbon atoms.
A) 600
B) 200
C) 3.61 × 1026
D) 1.20 × 1026
E) 4.01 × 1025
Answer: A
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 3.4
LO: 3.4
GO: G4

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31) How many moles of carbon monoxide are there in 36.55 g of carbon monoxide?
A) 1.023
B) 1.305
C) 0.8307
D) 0.7761
E) 1023
Answer: B
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 3.4
LO: 3.4
GO: G4

32) How many moles of carbon dioxide are there in 52.06 g of carbon dioxide?
A) 0.8452
B) 1.183
C) 6.022 × 1023
D) 8.648 × 1023
E) 3.134 × 1025
Answer: B
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 3.4
LO: 3.4
GO: G4

33) There are ________ molecules of methane in 0.123 mol of methane (CH4).
A) 5
B) 2.46 × 10-2
C) 2.04 × 10-25
D) 7.40 × 1022
E) 0.615
Answer: D
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 3.4
LO: 3.5
GO: G4

34) What is the empirical formula of a compound that contains 27.0% S, 13.4% O, and 59.6% Cl
by mass?
A) SOCl
B) SOCl2
C) S2OCl
D) SO2Cl
E) ClSO4
Answer: B
Diff: 3 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 3.5
LO: 3.6
GO: G4

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35) What is the empirical formula of a compound that contains 29% Na, 41% S, and 30% O by
mass?
A) Na2S2O3
B) NaSO2
C) NaSO
D) NaSO3
E) Na2S2O6
Answer: A
Diff: 3 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 3.5
LO: 3.6
GO: G4

36) What is the empirical formula of a compound that contains 49.4% K, 20.3% S, and 30.3% O
by mass?
A) KSO2
B) KSO3
C) K2SO4
D) K2SO3
E) KSO4
Answer: D
Diff: 3 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 3.5
LO: 3.6
GO: G4

37) A compound contains 40.0% C, 6.71% H, and 53.29% O by mass. The molecular weight of
the compound is 60.05 amu. The molecular formula of this compound is ________.
A) C2H4O2
B) CH2O
C) C2H3O4
D) C2H2O4
E) CHO2
Answer: A
Diff: 3 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 3.5
LO: 3.6
GO: G4

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38) A compound that is composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen contains 70.6% C, 5.9% H,
and 23.5% O by mass. The molecular weight of the compound is 136 amu. What is the molecular
formula?
A) C8H8O2
B) C8H4O
C) C4H4O
D) C9H12O
E) C5H6O2
Answer: A
Diff: 3 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 3.5
LO: 3.6
GO: G4

39) A compound that is composed of only carbon and hydrogen contains 85.7% C and 14.3% H
by mass. What is the empirical formula of the compound?
A) CH2
B) C2H4
C) CH4
D) C4H8
E) C86H14
Answer: A
Diff: 3 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 3.5
LO: 3.6
GO: G4

40) A compound that is composed of only carbon and hydrogen contains 80.0% C and 20.0% H
by mass. What is the empirical formula of the compound?
A) C20H60
B) C7H20
C) CH3
D) C2H6
E) CH4
Answer: C
Diff: 3 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 3.5
LO: 3.6
GO: G4

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41) A compound contains 38.7% K, 13.9% N, and 47.4% O by mass. What is the empirical
formula of the compound?
A) KNO3
B) K2N2O3
C) KNO2
D) K2NO3
E) K4NO5
Answer: A
Diff: 3 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 3.5
LO: 3.6
GO: G4

42) A 1.038 g sample of unknown containing C, H, and O yielded 2.48 g of CO2 and 0.510 g of
H2O during combustion analysis. Determine the empirical formula of the compound.
A) C3H3O
B) C6H6O
C) CH3O
D) C6H6O2
E) C2H6O2
Answer: A
Diff: 4 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 3.5
LO: 3.6
GO: G4

43) Combustion of a 1.031-g sample of a compound containing only carbon, hydrogen, and
oxygen produced of CO2 and of H2O. What is the empirical formula of the
compound?
A) C3H8O
B) C3H5O
C) C12H16O5
D) C3H9O3
E) C3H6O3
Answer: A
Diff: 4 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 3.5
LO: 3.6
GO: G4

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44) Combustion of a 0.9827-g sample of a compound containing only carbon, hydrogen, and
oxygen produced 1.900 g of CO2 and 1.070 g of H2O. What is the empirical formula of the
compound?
A) C2H5O
B) C5H7O3
C) C4H11O2
D) C4H10O
E) C2H5O2
Answer: C
Diff: 4 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 3.5
LO: 3.6
GO: G4

45) The combustion of ammonia in the presence of excess oxygen yields NO2 and H2O:

4 NH3 (g) + 7 O2 (g) → 4 NO2 (g) + 6 H2O (g)

The combustion of 43.9 g of ammonia produces ________ g of NO2.

A) 2.58
B) 178
C) 119
D) 0.954
E) 43.9
Answer: C
Diff: 3 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 3.6
LO: 3.7
GO: G4

46) The combustion of propane (C3H8) in the presence of excess oxygen yields CO2 and H2O:

C3H8 (g) + 5O2 (g) → 3CO2 (g) + 4H2O (g)

When 2.5 mol of O2 are consumed in their reaction, ________ mol of CO2 are produced.
A) 1.5
B) 3.0
C) 4.2
D) 7.5
E) 2.5
Answer: A
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 3.6
LO: 3.7
GO: G4

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47) Calcium carbide (CaC2) reacts with water to produce acetylene (C2H2):

CaC2 (s) + 2H2O (g) → Ca(OH)2 (s) + C2H2 (g)

Production of 13 g of C2H2 requires consumption of ________ g of H2O.

A) 4.5
B) 9.0
C) 18
D) 4.8 × 102
E) 4.8 × 10-2
Answer: C
Diff: 3 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 3.6
LO: 3.7
GO: G4

48) Calcium carbide (CaC2) reacts with water to produce acetylene (C2H2) as shown in the
unbalanced reaction below:

CaC2 (s) + H2O (g) → Ca(OH)2 (s) + C2H2 (g)

How many grams of H2O are required to completely react with 82.4 g of CaC2.
A) 1.29
B) 11.6
C) 46.3
D) 23.2
E) 18.0
Answer: C
Diff: 4 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 3.6
LO: 3.7
GO: G4

49) Under appropriate conditions, nitrogen and hydrogen undergo a combination reaction to
yield ammonia. Write the reaction and determine the mass of H2 (g) required to completely react
with 25.8 g of N2.

A) 5.57
B) 1.86
C) 77.4
D) 2.78
E) 0.928
Answer: A
Diff: 3 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 3.6
LO: 3.7
GO: G4

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50) Under appropriate conditions, nitrogen and hydrogen undergo a combination reaction to
yield ammonia:

N2 (g) + 3H2 (g) → 2NH3 (g)

Determine the mass of N2 (g) required to completely react with 18.5 g of H2.
A) 0.51
B) 771
C) 257
D) 85.7
E) 6.17
Answer: D
Diff: 3 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 3.6
LO: 3.7
GO: G4

51) Lead (II) carbonate decomposes to give lead (II) oxide and carbon dioxide:

PbCO3 (s) → PbO (s) + CO2 (g)

How many grams of lead (II) oxide will be produced by the decomposition of 2.50 g of lead (II)
carbonate?
A) 0.41
B) 2.50
C) 0.00936
D) 2.09
E) 2.61
Answer: D
Diff: 3 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 3.6
LO: 3.7
GO: G4

52) The combustion of propane (C3H8) produces CO2 and H2O:

C3H8 (g) + 5O2 (g) → 3CO2 (g) + 4H2O (g)

The reaction of 2.5 mol of O2 with 4.6 mol of C3H8 will produce ________ mol of H2O.
A) 4.0
B) 1.25
C) 2.5
D) 2.0
E) 18.4
Answer: D
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 3.6
LO: 3.7
GO: G4
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53) GeF3H is formed from GeH4 and GeF4 in the combination reaction:

GeH4 + 3GeF4 → 4GeF3H

If the reaction yield is 89.1%, how many moles of GeH4 are needed to produce 3.50 mol of
GeF3H?
A) 15.7
B) 3.93
C) 0.982
D) 0.875
E) 2.95
Answer: C
Diff: 4 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 3.7
LO: 3.8
GO: G4

54) Under appropriate conditions, nitrogen and hydrogen undergo a combination reaction to
yield ammonia:

N2 (g) + 3H2 (g) → 2NH3 (g)

If the reaction yield is 81.4 %, how many moles of N2 are needed to produce 8.50 mol of NH3?
A) 20.9
B) 10.4
C) 5.22
D) 6.92
E) 15.7
Answer: C
Diff: 4 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 3.7
LO: 3.8
GO: G4

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55) Lead (II) carbonate decomposes to give lead (II) oxide and carbon dioxide:

PbCO3 (s) → PbO (s) + CO2 (g)

If the reaction yield is 92.4%, how many grams of lead (II) oxide will be produced by the
decomposition of 1.30 g of lead (II) carbonate?
A) 1.00
B) 1.18
C) 1.20
D) 1.09
E) 1.41
Answer: A
Diff: 4 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 3.7
LO: 3.8
GO: G4

56) The combustion of ammonia in the presence of oxygen yields NO2 and H2O:

4 NH3 (g) + 7 O2 (g) → 4 NO2 (g) + 6 H2O (g)

The combustion of 43.9 g of ammonia with 258 g of oxygen produces ________ g of NO2.
A) 212
B) 178
C) 119
D) 0.954
E) 43.9
Answer: C
Diff: 4 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 3.6
LO: 3.7
GO: G4

57) What mass in grams of hydrogen is produced by the reaction of 31.3 g of magnesium with
2.12 g of water?

Mg (s) + 2H2O (l) → Mg(OH)2 (s) + H2 (g)

A) 0.119
B) 0.237
C) 0.474
D) 0.0593
E) 2.71
Answer: A
Diff: 4 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 3.6
LO: 3.7
GO: G4

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58) If the reaction yield is 88.2%, what mass in grams of hydrogen is produced by the reaction of
7.73 g of magnesium with 1.31 g of water?

Mg (s) + 2H2O (l) → Mg(OH)2 (s) + H2 (g)

A) 0.0646
B) 0.0323
C) 0.0733
D) 0.147
E) 0.641
Answer: A
Diff: 4 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 3.7
LO: 3.8
GO: G4

59) Silver nitrate and aluminum chloride react with each other by exchanging anions:

3AgNO3 (aq) + AlCl3 (aq) → Al(NO3)3 (aq) + 3AgCl (s)

What mass in grams of AgCl is produced when 4.22 g of AgNO3 react with 7.73 g of AlCl3?
A) 2.76
B) 28.5
C) 24.9
D) 3.56
E) 11.9
Answer: D
Diff: 4 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 3.6
LO: 3.7
GO: G4

60) How many moles of magnesium oxide are produced by the reaction of 1.82 g of magnesium
nitride with of water?

Mg3N2 + 3H2O → 2NH3 + 3MgO

A) 0.0180
B) 0.0541
C) 0.00601
D) 0.984
E) 3.00
Answer: B
Diff: 4 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 3.6
LO: 3.7
GO: G4

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61) A 3.82-g sample of magnesium nitride is reacted with 7.73 g of water:
Mg3N2 + 3H2O → 2NH3 + 3MgO

The yield of MgO is 3.60 g. What is the percent yield in the reaction?
A) 94.5
B) 78.7
C) 46.6
D) 49.4
E) 20.8
Answer: B
Diff: 4 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 3.7
LO: 3.8
GO: G4

62) Pentacarbonyliron (Fe(CO)5) reacts with phosphorous trifluoride (PF3) and hydrogen,
releasing carbon monoxide:

Fe(CO)5 + PF3 + H2 → Fe(CO)2(PF3)2(H)2 + CO (not balanced)

The reaction of 9.0 mol of Fe(CO)5, 11.0 mol of PF3 and 3.0 mol of H2 will release ________
mol of CO.
A) 9
B) 3
C) 27
D) 16.5
E) 23
Answer: A
Diff: 3 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 3.6
LO: 3.7
GO: G4

63) What is the maximum mass in grams of NH3 that can be produced by the reaction of of
N2 with of H2 via the equation below?

N2 (g) + H2 (g) → NH3 (g) (not balanced)

A) 2.0
B) 1.2
C) 0.61
D) 17
E) 4.0
Answer: B
Diff: 3 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 3.6
LO: 3.7
GO: G4

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64) What is the maximum number of moles of SO3 that can be produced by the reaction of 2.0
mol of S with of O2?

A) 2/3
B) 1.0
C) 5.0
D) 3.0
E) 2.0
Answer: E
Diff: 3 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 3.6
LO: 3.7
GO: G4

65) Solid aluminum and gaseous oxygen react in a combination reaction to produce aluminum
oxide:

4Al (s) + 3O2 (g) → 2Al2O3 (s)

The maximum amount of Al2O3 that can be produced from 5.0 g of Al and 5.0 g of O2 is
________ g.
A) 19
B) 4.7
C) 9.4
D) 11
E) 2.5
Answer: C
Diff: 3 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 3.6
LO: 3.7
GO: G4

66) Sulfur and fluorine react in a combination reaction to produce sulfur hexafluoride:

S (s) + 3F2(g) → SF6 (g)

The maximum amount of SF6 that can be produced from the reaction of 32.1 g of sulfur with
of fluorine is ________ g.
A) 584
B) 438
C) 146
D) 48.7
E) 219
Answer: C
Diff: 3 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 3.6
LO: 3.7
GO: G4

36
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67) Solid aluminum and gaseous oxygen react in a combination reaction to produce aluminum
oxide:

4Al (s) + 3O2 (g) → 2Al2O3 (s)

In a particular experiment, the reaction of 2.5 g of Al with 2.5 g of O2 produced 3.5 g of Al2O3.
The % yield of the reaction is ________.
A) 74
B) 37
C) 47
D) 66
E) 29
Answer: A
Diff: 4 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 3.7
LO: 3.8
GO: G4

68) Sulfur and oxygen react in a combination reaction to produce sulfur trioxide, an
environmental pollutant:

2S (s) + 3O2 (g) → 2SO3 (g)

In a particular experiment, the reaction of 1.0 g S with 1.0 g O2 produced 0.80 g of SO3. The %
yield in this experiment is ________.
A) 32
B) 80
C) 21
D) 64
E) 47
Answer: E
Diff: 4 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 3.7
LO: 3.8
GO: G4

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69) Sulfur and fluorine react in a combination reaction to produce sulfur hexafluoride:

S (s) + 3F2 (g) → SF6 (g)

In a particular experiment, the percent yield is 83.1%. This means that in this experiment, a 4.50
g sample of fluorine yields ________ g of SF6 .
A) 9.58
B) 3.74
C) 4.79
D) 43.1
E) 14.4
Answer: C
Diff: 4 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 3.7
LO: 3.8
GO: G4

3.3 Algorithmic Questions

1) When the following equation is balanced, the coefficients are ________.

+ O2 → CO2 + H2O

A) 4, 50, 16, 18
B) 1, 5, 2, 2
C) 2, 2, 7, 1
D) 1, 13, 8, 9
E) 2, 25, 16, 18
Answer: E
Diff: 2 Var: 4 Page Ref: Sec. 3.1
LO: 3.1
GO: G2

2) The formula weight of PbCO3 is ________ amu.

A) 279.2
B) 112.0
C) 118.0
D) 267.2
E) 235.2
Answer: D
Diff: 2 Var: 5 Page Ref: Sec. 3.3
LO: 3.3
GO: G4

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3) The formula weight of Zn(ClO4)2 is ________ amu.
A) 164.7
B) 327.9
C) 228.6
D) 264.3
E) 116.7
Answer: D
Diff: 2 Var: 4 Page Ref: Sec. 3.3
LO: 3.3
GO: G4

4) The formula weight of LiClO4 is ________ amu.

A) 212.3
B) 101.0
C) 52.0
D) 106.3
E) 58.3
Answer: D
Diff: 2 Var: 5 Page Ref: Sec. 3.3
LO: 3.3
GO: G4

5) The molecular weight of 2-propanol ( C3H7OH ), known as rubbing alcohol, is ________

amu (rounded to one decimal place).
A) 59.1
B) 29.0
C) 60.1
D) 12.0
E) 34.0
Answer: C
Diff: 1 Var: 9 Page Ref: Sec. 3.3
LO: 3.3
GO: G4

6) The molecular weight of ethanol (C2H5OH), rounded to one decimal place, is ________ amu.
A) 45.1
B) 34.1
C) 29.1
D) 46.1
E) 29.0
Answer: D
Diff: 1 Var: 5 Page Ref: Sec. 3.3
LO: 3.3
GO: G4

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7) The molecular weight of maltose ( C12H22O11 ), rounded to one decimal place, is ________
amu.
A) 507.2
B) 182.0
C) 45.0
D) 342.3
E) 29.0
Answer: D
Diff: 1 Var: 3 Page Ref: Sec. 3.3
LO: 3.3
GO: G4

8) What is the mass percent of C in carbonic acid (H2CO3).

Answer: 19.36
Diff: 2 Var: 3 Page Ref: Sec. 3.3
LO: 3.3
GO: G4

9) What is the mass % of carbon in dimethylsulfoxide (C2H6SO) rounded to three significant

figures?
A) 15.4
B) 19.7
C) 30.7
D) 7.74
E) 20.5
Answer: C
Diff: 3 Var: 4 Page Ref: Sec. 3.3
LO: 3.3
GO: G4

10) What is the mass % of oxygen in methanol?

A) 16.0
B) 12.0
C) 50.0
D) 4.00
E) 32.0
Answer: C
Diff: 3 Var: 3 Page Ref: Sec. 3.3
LO: 3.3
GO: G4

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11) What is the mass % of aluminum in aluminum sulfate (Al2(SO4)3) rounded to three
significant figures?
A) 7.90
B) 35.7
C) 15.8
D) 19.4
E) 342.2
Answer: C
Diff: 3 Var: 3 Page Ref: Sec. 3.3
LO: 3.3
GO: G4

12) What is the mass % of oxygen in lead (II) nitrate (Pb(NO3)2) rounded to three significant
figures?
A) 4.83
B) 19.3
C) 29.0
D) 14.5
E) 0.331
Answer: C
Diff: 3 Var: 3 Page Ref: Sec. 3.3
LO: 3.3
GO: G4

13) There are ________ mol of carbon atoms in 5 mol of dimethylsulfoxide (C2H6SO).
A) 2
B) 5
C) 10
D) 12
E) 50
Answer: C
Diff: 1 Var: 5 Page Ref: Sec. 3.4
LO: 3.4
GO: G4

14) 1 mole of which of the following will contain the largest number of atoms?
A) sodium
B) magnesium
C) mercury
D) neon
E) 1 mole of any element will contain the same number of atoms.
Answer: E
Diff: 2 Var: 50+ Page Ref: Sec. 3.4
LO: 3.4
GO: G4

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15) 1 mole of which of the following will have the largest mass?
A) rubidium
B) magnesium
C) gold
D) neon
E) 1 mole of any element will contain the same mass.
Answer: C
Diff: 2 Var: 50+ Page Ref: Sec. 3.4
LO: 3.4
GO: G4

16) How many grams of hydrogen are in 46 g of CH4O?

A) 5.8
B) 1.5
C) 2.8
D) 0.36
E) 180
Answer: A
Diff: 3 Var: 4 Page Ref: Sec. 3.4
LO: 3.4
GO: G4

17) There are ________ atoms of oxygen in 300 molecules of CH3CO2H.

A) 300
B) 600
C) 150
D) 3.6 × 1026
E) 1.0 × 10-22
Answer: B
Diff: 2 Var: 3 Page Ref: Sec. 3.4
LO: 3.4
GO: G4

18) How many grams of oxygen are in 56 g of C2H2O2?

A) 11
B) 58
C) 15
D) 31
E) 33
Answer: D
Diff: 3 Var: 5 Page Ref: Sec. 3.4
LO: 3.4
GO: G4

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19) How many atoms of carbon are in 23.1 g of glucose (C6H12O6)?
A) 7.72 × 1022
B) 4.63 × 1023
C) 1.29 × 1022
D) 6.00
E) 138.6
Answer: B
Diff: 3 Var: 3 Page Ref: Sec 3.4
LO: 3.5
GO: G4

20) A 1.36-g sample of magnesium nitrate, Mg(NO3)2, contains ________ mol of this
compound.
A) 109
B) 2.02
C) 0.0157
D) 0.0182
E) 0.00917
Answer: E
Diff: 2 Var: 5 Page Ref: Sec. 3.4
LO: 3.4
GO: G4

21) A 22.5-g sample of ammonium carbonate contains ________ mol of ammonium ions.
A) 0.467
B) 0.288
C) 0.234
D) 2.14
E) 3.47
Answer: A
Diff: 4 Var: 5 Page Ref: Sec. 3.4
LO: 3.4
GO: G4

22) What is the mass in grams of 9.76 × 1012 atoms of naturally occurring potassium?
A) 2.41 × 1012
B) 2.50 × 1011
C) 6.34 × 10-10
D) 1.62 × 10-11
E) 3.82 × 1014
Answer: C
Diff: 3 Var: 4 Page Ref: Sec. 3.4
LO: 3.5
GO: G4

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23) What is the mass in grams of 2.00 × 105 atoms of naturally occurring neon?
A) 6.08 × 1019
B) 2.43 × 1030
C) 6.70 × 10-18
D) 1.65 × 10-20
E) 3.32 × 10-24
Answer: C
Diff: 3 Var: 4 Page Ref: Sec. 3.4
LO: 3.5
GO: G4

24) How many moles of pyridine (C5H5N) are contained in 4.14 g of pyridine?
A) 0.0523
B) 327
C) 6.88 × 10-24
D) 2.49 ×1024
E) 79.1
Answer: A
Diff: 3 Var: 4 Page Ref: Sec. 3.4
LO: 3.4
GO: G4

25) How many moles of lithium phosphate (Li3PO4) are contained in 66.6 g of lithium
phosphate?
A) 0.575
B) 7710
C) 1.11 × 10-22
D) 4.01 × 1025
E) 116
Answer: A
Diff: 3 Var: 4 Page Ref: Sec. 3.4
LO: 3.4
GO: G4

26) How many grams of calcium cyanide (Ca(CN)2) are contained in 0.69 mol of calcium
cyanide?
A) 64
B) 0.0075
C) 1.2 × 10-24
D) 4.2 × 1023
E) 92
Answer: A
Diff: 3 Var: 4 Page Ref: Sec. 3.4
LO: 3.4

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GO: G4

27) How many grams of phenol (C6H5OH) are contained in 5.50 mol of phenol?
A) 518
B) 0.0584
C) 9.14 × 10-24
D) 3.31 × 1024
E) 94.1
Answer: A
Diff: 3 Var: 4 Page Ref: Sec. 3.4
LO: 3.4
GO: G4

28) What is the empirical formula of a compound that is 66.6% C, 11.2% H, and 22.2% O by
mass?
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
Answer: E
Diff: 4 Var: 11 Page Ref: Sec. 3.5
LO: 3.6
GO: G4

29) A certain alcohol contains only three elements, carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. Combustion
of a 60.00 gram sample of the alcohol produced 114.6 grams of CO2 and 70.44 grams of H2O.
What is the empirical formula of the alcohol?
Answer: C2H6O
Diff: 4 Var: 6 Page Ref: Sec. 3.5
LO: 3.6
GO: G4

30) Lithium and nitrogen react to produce lithium nitride:

6Li (s) + N2 (g) → 2Li3N (s)

How many moles of N2 are needed to react with 0.550 mol of lithium?
A) 3.30
B) 0.550
C) 0.183
D) 1.65
E) 0.0917
Answer: E
Diff: 2 Var: 10 Page Ref: Sec. 3.6
LO: 3.7
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GO: G4

31) The combustion of propane (C3H8) produces CO2 and H2O:

C3H8 (g) + 5O2 (g) → 3CO2 (g) + 4H2O (g)

The reaction of 2.5 mol of O2 will produce ________ mol of H2O.

A) 4.0
B) 3.0
C) 2.5
D) 2.0
E) 1.0
Answer: D
Diff: 2 Var: 10 Page Ref: Sec. 3.6
LO: 3.7
GO: G4

32) Magnesium and nitrogen react in a combination reaction to produce magnesium nitride:

3 Mg + N2 → Mg3N2

In a particular experiment, a 8.33-g sample of reacts completely. The mass of Mg consumed

is ________ g.
A) 7.23
B) 21.7
C) 28.9
D) 0.92
E) 13.9
Answer: B
Diff: 3 Var: 6 Page Ref: Sec. 3.6
LO: 3.7
GO: G4

33) The combustion of ammonia in the presence of excess oxygen yields NO2 and H2O:

4 NH3 (g) + 7 O2 (g) → 4 NO2 (g) + 6 H2O (g)

The combustion of 14.4 g of ammonia consumes ________ g of oxygen.

A) 13.5
B) 28.8
C) 54.1
D) 47.3
E) 94.6
Answer: D
Diff: 3 Var: 5 Page Ref: Sec. 3.6
LO: 3.7
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GO: G4

34) Lithium and nitrogen react to produce lithium nitride:

6Li (s) + N2 (g) → 2Li3N (s)

How many moles of lithium nitride are produced when 0.330 mol of lithium react in this
fashion?
A) 0.110
B) 0.660
C) 0.0550
D) 0.990
E) 0.165
Answer: A
Diff: 2 Var: 10 Page Ref: Sec. 3.6
LO: 3.7
GO: G4

35) Lithium and nitrogen react in a combination reaction to produce lithium nitride:

6Li (s) + N2 (g) → 2Li3N (s)

How many moles of lithium are needed to produce 0.45 mol of Li3N when the reaction is carried
out in the presence of excess nitrogen?
A) 0.23
B) 1.4
C) 0.15
D) 0.30
E) 2.7
Answer: B
Diff: 2 Var: 11 Page Ref: Sec. 3.6
LO: 3.7
GO: G4

47
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36) Automotive air bags inflate when sodium azide decomposes explosively to its constituent
elements:

2NaN3 (s) → 2Na (s) + 3N2 (g)

How many moles of N2 are produced by the decomposition of 1.75 mol of sodium azide?
A) 1.17
B) 5.25
C) 2.63
D) 0.583
E) 0.875
Answer: C
Diff: 2 Var: 10 Page Ref: Sec. 3.6
LO: 3.7
GO: G4

37) Automotive air bags inflate when sodium azide decomposes explosively to its constituent
elements:

2NaN3 (s) → 2Na (s) + 3N2 (g)

How many grams of sodium azide are required to produce 28.0 g of nitrogen?
A) 1.50
B) 0.666
C) 65.0
D) 43.3
E) 97.5
Answer: D
Diff: 3 Var: 10 Page Ref: Sec. 3.6
LO: 3.7
GO: G4

38) Magnesium burns in air with a dazzling brilliance to produce magnesium oxide:

2Mg (s) + O2(g) → 2MgO (s)

How many moles of O2 are consumed when 3.55 mol of magnesium burns?
A) 0.146
B) 0.563
C) 3.55
D) 7.10
E) 1.78
Answer: E
Diff: 2 Var: 10 Page Ref: Sec. 3.6
LO: 3.7
GO: G4

48
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39) Calcium carbide (CaC2) reacts with water to produce acetylene (C2H2):

CaC2 (s) + 2H2O (g) → Ca(OH)2 (s) + C2H2 (g)

Production of 6.5 g of C2H2 requires consumption of ________ g of H2O.

A) 2.3
B) 4.5
C) 9.0
D) 480
E) 0.048
Answer: C
Diff: 3 Var: 6 Page Ref: Sec. 3.6
LO: 3.7
GO: G4

40) Lead (II) carbonate decomposes to give lead (II) oxide and carbon dioxide:

PbCO3 (s) → PbO (s) + CO2 (g)

________ grams of lead (II) oxide will be produced by the decomposition of 8.75 g of lead (II)
carbonate?
A) 10.5
B) 2.50
C) 0.033
D) 7.31
E) 8.75
Answer: D
Diff: 3 Var: 7 Page Ref: Sec. 3.6
LO: 3.7
GO: G4

41) Lithium and nitrogen react in a combination reaction to produce lithium nitride:

6Li (s) + N2 (g) → 2Li3N (s)

In a particular experiment, 2.50-g samples of each reagent are reacted. The theoretical yield of
lithium nitride is ________ g.
A) 2.51
B) 2.09
C) 12.5
D) 4.18
E) 6.2
Answer: D
Diff: 3 Var: 10 Page Ref: Sec. 3.6
LO: 3.7

49
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GO: G4

42) Magnesium burns in air with a dazzling brilliance to produce magnesium oxide:

2Mg (s) + O2 (g) → 2MgO (s)

When 5.50 g of magnesium burns, the theoretical yield of magnesium oxide is ________ g.
A) 5.50
B) 9.12
C) 0.226
D) 4.56
E) 18.2
Answer: B
Diff: 3 Var: 10 Page Ref: Sec. 3.6
LO: 3.7
GO: G4

43) Calcium oxide reacts with water in a combination reaction to produce calcium hydroxide:

CaO (s) + H2O (l) → Ca(OH)2 (s)

A 3.50 g sample of CaO is reacted with 3.38 g of H2O. How many grams of water remain after
completion of reaction?
A) 0.00
B) 0.00694
C) 2.25
D) 1.04
E) 0.125
Answer: C
Diff: 4 Var: 10 Page Ref: Sec. 3.6
LO: 3.7
GO: G4

44) If 588 grams of FeS2 is allowed to react with 352 grams of O2 according to the following
unbalanced equation, how many grams of Fe2O3 are produced?

FeS2 + O2 → Fe2O3 + SO2

Answer: 320
Diff: 4 Var: 8 Page Ref: Sec. 3.6
LO: 3.7
GO: G4

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45) Calcium oxide reacts with water in a combination reaction to produce calcium hydroxide:

CaO (s) + H2O (l) → Ca(OH)2 (s)

In a particular experiment, a 2.00-g sample of CaO is reacted with excess water and 2.14 g of
Ca(OH)2 is recovered. What is the percent yield in this experiment?
A) 107
B) 1.07
C) 2.88
D) 81.1
E) 93.3
Answer: D
Diff: 4 Var: 10 Page Ref: Sec. 3.7
LO: 3.8
GO: G4

46) Sulfur and oxygen react to produce sulfur trioxide. In a particular experiment, 7.9 grams of
SO3 are produced by the reaction of 6.0 grams of O2 with 7.0 grams of S. What is the % yield of
SO3 in this experiment?

S (s) + O2 (g) → SO3 (g) (not balanced)

A) 45
B) 53
C) 22.5
D) 79
E) 35
Answer: D
Diff: 4 Var: 5 Page Ref: Sec. 3.7
LO: 3.8
GO: G4

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3.4 Short Answer Questions

1) Complete and balance the following reaction, given that elemental sodium reacts with
elemental oxygen to form Na2O (s).

K (s) + S (s) → ________

Answer: K2S (s)
Diff: 3 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 3.2
LO: 3.2
GO: G4

2) A compound was found to contain 90.6% lead (Pb) and 9.4% oxygen. The empirical formula
for this compound is ________.
Answer: Pb3O4
Diff: 3 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 3.5
LO: 3.6
GO: G4

3) The combustion of propane (C3H8) in the presence of excess oxygen yields CO2 and H2O:

C3H8 (g) + 5O2 (g) → 3CO2 (g) + 4H2O (g)

How many grams of CO2 is produced when 12.5 g of C3H8 burns in open air?
Answer: 37.4
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 3.6
LO: 3.7
GO: G4

4) Under appropriate conditions, nitrogen and hydrogen undergo a combination reaction to yield
ammonia. A 18.2 g sample of hydrogen requires ________ g of N2 for a complete reaction.
Answer: 84.3
Diff: 3 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 3.6
LO: 3.7
GO: G4

5) Water can be formed from the stoichiometric reaction of hydrogen with oxygen. How many
grams of H2O is generated when 45.3 g of O2 reacts with excess hydrogen?
Answer: 51.0
Diff: 3 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 3.6
LO: 3.7
GO: G4

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6) The combustion of carbon disulfide in the presence of excess oxygen yields carbon dioxide
and sulfur dioxide. The combustion of 10 mol of CS2 in the presence of excess oxygen yields
________ mol of SO2.
Answer: 20
Diff: 3 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 3.6
LO: 3.7
GO: G4

3.5 True/False Questions

1) The mass of a single atom of an element (in amu) is numerically equal to the mass in grams of
that element.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 3.4
LO: 3.4
GO: G2

2) The empirical weight is always a whole-number multiple of the molecular formula weight.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 3.5
LO: 3.6
GO: G2

3) A great deal of oxygen is produced during combustion.

Answer: FALSE
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 3.6
LO: 3.7
GO: G7

4) The quantity of product that is calculated to form when all of the limiting reagent reacts is
called the percent yield.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 3.7
LO: 3.8
GO: G2

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