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18SW1P Subwoofer Specifications

The document describes an 18-inch subwoofer designed for low frequency reproduction. It can handle up to 800 watts RMS or 1600 watts of musical program power. It features a bumped bottom plate, extended pole piece, and triple cooling system to dissipate heat efficiently without distortion. Specifications include an impedance of 8 ohms, frequency response from 30-2500 Hz, and sensitivity of 97 dB SPL.

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Isus Audio
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284 views2 pages

18SW1P Subwoofer Specifications

The document describes an 18-inch subwoofer designed for low frequency reproduction. It can handle up to 800 watts RMS or 1600 watts of musical program power. It features a bumped bottom plate, extended pole piece, and triple cooling system to dissipate heat efficiently without distortion. Specifications include an impedance of 8 ohms, frequency response from 30-2500 Hz, and sensitivity of 97 dB SPL.

Uploaded by

Isus Audio
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

SUBWOOFER

18SW1P / 18SW1P-SLF*
The 18SW1P / 18SW1P-SLF* is a high power 18” professional subwoofer
specially designed to reproduce sound at the very low end of the audio spectrum.
In order to achieve a perfect performance in this very demanding region of
low frequencies, the 18SW1P / 18SW1P-SLF* is capable of handling up to 800 W
RMS or 1,600 W (Musical Program).
A bumped bottom plate assures a compatible maximum displacement and
the extended pole piece keeps the magnetic field linearity in order to avoid
distortion; it also improves the heat transfer.
The magnet assembly was designed with the assistance of a Finite
Element Analysis (FEA) software in order to ensure optimization.
A 4” (100 mm) voice coil wound in a fiberglass former with flat aluminum
wire drives the moving assembly.
A non-pressed long fiber pulp cone has the necessary stiffness to
withstand the tremendous accelerating forces involved and is properly centered by
two counteracting polyamide fiber spiders.
An triple cooling system consisting of a large diameter center hole
surrounded by six smaller holes (directly cooling the gap) and six frame windows
(cooling the air trapped between the two spiders) are responsible for an efficient
heat transfer mechanism.
A highly reinforced aluminum injected frame is effective in absorbing
mechanical shocks and acts as a heat sink without interfering with the magnetic
field.

*18SW1P-SLF: Product without Selenium logo printed on the dust cap.

SPECIFICATIONS
Nominal diameter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 460 (18) mm (in)
Nominal impedance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 W
Minimum impedance @ 112 Hz . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.2 W
Power handling
Musical program1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,600 W
AES2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 800 W
Sensitivity (2.83V@1m) averaged from 80 to 250 Hz . . . . . . 97 dB SPL
Power compression @ 0 dB (nom. power) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.3 dB
Power compression @ -3 dB (nom. power)/2. . . . . . . . . . . . 2.8 dB
Power compression @ -10 dB (nom. power)/10. . . . . . . . . . 0.7 dB
Frequency response @ -10 dB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 to 2,500 Hz
1
Power handling specifications refer to normal speech and/or music program material, ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
reproduced by an amplifier producing no more than 5% distortion. Power is calculated as Magnet material . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Barium ferrite
true RMS voltage squared divided by the nominal impedance of the loudspeaker. Magnet weight . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,440 (120) g (oz)
2
AES Standard (60 - 600 Hz). Magnet diameter x depth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 220 x 24 (8.66 x 0.95) mm (in)
Magnetic assembly weight . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11,200 (24.69) g (lb)
THIELE-SMALL PARAMETERS Frame material . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Aluminum
Fs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 Hz Frame finish . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Black epoxy
Vas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 232 (8.19) l (ft3) Voice coil material . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Aluminum
Qts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.44 Voice coil former material. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Fiberglass
Qes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.46 Cone material . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Non pressed long fiber pulp
Qms. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.45 Volume displaced by woofer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.6 (0.304) l (ft3)
ho (half space) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.47 % Net weight. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14,180 (31.26) g (lb)
Sd . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.1194 (185.07) m2 (in2) Gross weight . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15,400 (33.95) g (lb)
Carton dimensions (W x D x H) . . . . . . 48 x 48 x 24 (18.9 x 18.9 x 9.5) cm (in)
Vd (Sd x Xmax) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,134.3 (69.22) cm3 (in3)
Xmax (max. excursion (peak) with 10% distortion) . . . 9.3 (0.37) mm (in) MOUNTING INFORMATION
Xlim ([Link] (peak) before physical damage)25.0 (0.98) mm (in) Number of bolt-holes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Bolt-hole diameter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,0 (0.27) mm (in)
Atmospheric conditions at TS parameter measurements:
Bolt-circle diameter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 439 (17.28) mm (in)
Temperature. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 (75) °C (°F)
Baffle cutout diameter (front mount) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 422 (16.61) mm (in)
Atmospheric pressure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,020 mb
Baffle cutout diameter (rear mount) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 412 (16.22) mm (in)
Humidity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59 % Connectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Silver-plated push terminals
Thiele-Small parameters are measured after a 2-hour power test using half AES power . Polarity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Positive voltage applied to the positive
A variation of ± 15% is allowed. terminal (red) gives forward cone motion
Minimum clearance between the back of the magnetic assembly and the
ADDITIONAL PARAMETERS enclosure wall . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75 (3) mm (in)
bL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21.0 Tm
Flux density . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.93 T
Voice coil diameter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100 (4) mm (in)
ø 457 8x ø 7 221
Voice coil winding length . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39.7 (130.3) m (ft)
Wire temperature coefficient of resistance (a25) . . . . . 0.00372 1/°C
Maximum voice coil operating temperature. . . . . . . . 275 (527) °C (°F)
qvc ([Link] coil operating temp./[Link]) . . 0.34 (0.66) °C/W(°F/W)
Hvc (voice coil winding depth) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32.0 (1.26) mm (in)
Hag (air gap height) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13.5 (0.53) mm (in)
Re . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.5 W
Mms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 160.8 (0.355) g (lb)
Cms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116.5 mm/N
ø 420

ø 220

Rms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.3 kg/s

NON-LINEAR PARAMETERS
Le @ Fs (voice coil inductance @ Fs). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.073 mH
Le @ 1 kHz (voice coil inductance @ 1 kHz) . . . . . . . . . . 2.549 mH
Le @ 20 kHz (voice coil inductance @ 20 kHz) . . . . . . . . 0.674 mH
Red @ Fs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.81 W
Red @ 1 kHz . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10.10 W
ø 439 65 144 12
Red @ 20 kHz . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99.48 W
Krm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12.690 W
Kxm. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124.087 mH
Erm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.764
Dimensions in mm.
SUBWOOFER
18SW1P / 18SW1P-SLF*
RESPONSE CURVES (0° AND 45°) IN A TEST ENCLOSURE ON GROUND POLAR RESPONSE CURVES
PLANE AND OUTDOOR ENVIRONMENT, 1 W / 1m
100 50 Hz 100 Hz 250 Hz
0 0 0
30° 330° 30° 330° 30° 330°
-6 -6 -6
60° -10 300° 60° -10 300° 60° -10 300°
90
-20 -20 -20
90° dB 270° 90° dB 270° 90° dB 270°

80
120° 240° 120° 240° 120° 240°
dB

150° 210° 150° 210° 150° 210°


180° 180° 180°
70

500 Hz 800 Hz 1.25 kHz


0 0 0
60 30° 330° 30° 330° 30° 330°
-6 -6 -6
60° -10 300° 60° -10 300° 60° -10 300°

-20 -20 -20


50 90° dB 270° 90° dB 270° 90° dB 270°
20 100 1k
Hz
Response Curve at 0°. B
K
120° 240° 120° 240° 120° 240°
Response Curve at 45°.
150° 210° 150° 210° 150° 210°
180° 180° 180°
Response curves measured on ground plane and outdoor environment with
the subwoofer installed in a test enclosure, 1 W / 1 m. This curves was Polar Response Curve.
decreased 6 dB to compensate the ground plane gain.

IMPEDANCE AND PHASE CURVES, MEASURED IN FREE-AIR


200 90
HOW TO CHOOSE THE RIGHT AMPLIFIER
The power amplifier must be able to supply twice the RMS driver power. This
3 dB headroom is necessary to handle the peaks that are common to
150 45 musical programs. When the amplifier clips those peaks, high distortion
arises and this may damage the transducer due to excessive heat. The use
of compressors is a good practice to reduce music dynamics to safe levels.
degrees
ohms

100 0 FINDING VOICE COIL TEMPERATURE


It is very important to avoid maximum voice coil temperature. Since moving
coil resistance (RE) varies with temperature according to a well known law,
we can calculate the temperature inside the voice coil by measuring the
50 -45 voice coil DC resistance:
æR öæ 1 ö
TB = TA + çç B - 1÷÷ çç TA - 25 + ÷
è RA øè a 25 ÷ø

0 -90 TA , TB= voice coil temperatures in °C.


20 200 2k 20k RA , RB= voice coil resistances at temperatures TA and TB, respectively.
Hz
Impedance Curve. B
K
a25= voice coil wire temperature coefficient at 25 °C.
Phase Curve.
POWER COMPRESSION
Voice coil resistance rises with temperature, which leads to efficiency
HARMONIC DISTORTION CURVES MEASURED AT 10% AES INPUT reduction. Therefore, if after doubling the applied electric power to the driver
POWER IN A TEST ENCLOSURE INSIDE AN ANECHOIC CHAMBER, 1 m we get a 2 dB rise in SPL instead of the expected 3 dB, we can say that
power compression equals 1 dB. An efficient cooling system to dissipate
140 voice coil heat is very important to reduce power compression.

NON-LINEAR VOICE COIL PARAMETERS


Due to its close coupling with the magnetic assembly, the voice coil in
120 electrodynamic loudspeakers is a very non-linear circuit. Using the non-
linear modeling parameters Krm, Kxm, Erm and Exm from an empirical
model, we can calculate voice coil impedance with good accuracy.
dB

100 SUGGESTED PROJECTS


HB1805A1 HB1805B1 HB1805C1 VB1805A1 PAS1G1 PAS2G1
PAS3G1
For additional project suggestions, please access our website.
80

60
20 200 20k
Hz
Response Curve. B
K

Distortion Curve, 2nd harmonic.


Distortion Curve, 3rd harmonic.

TEST ENCLOSURE
191-liter volume with 3 ducts ø 6” by 7.87” length.

FILIAL SÃO PAULO


ELETRÔNICA SELENIUM S.A. Rua Aquinos, 157 - São Paulo/SP - Brasil - CEP 05036-070
Specifications subject to change BR 386 Km 435 - Nova Santa Rita/RS - Brasil - PABX.: 11.2126 6300 Fax: 11.2126 6360
CEP 92480-000
without prior notice. Tel.: 51. 479 4000 Fax: 51. 479 1150 SELENIUM USA / SELENIUM EUROPE
[Link] [Link]
Cod.: 152039 Rev.: 03 - 01 /05 Atendimento Técnico: 0800 514161 Toll Free: 1800 5620510

Common questions

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Non-linear parameters, such as Krm (resistive part of the mechanical damping) and Kxm (inductive part of the mechanical stiffness), are vital for accurately modeling the voice coil's dynamic behavior. They influence impedance changes with frequency, affecting how the speaker responds to varying input signals. Accurate modeling of these non-linearities helps in designing circuits that minimize distortion, thereby improving sound fidelity by ensuring that the speaker reproduces audio signals without unwanted coloration or artifacts .

Power handling specifications are critical for ensuring a subwoofer operates efficiently without risking damage. The ability to handle 800 W RMS or 1,600 W (Musical Program) indicates that the subwoofer can manage high power levels typical of dynamic musical content. Proper power handling minimizes distortion by preventing amplifier clipping, which might otherwise introduce harmful harmonics and excessive heat. Effective heat dissipation, supported by design elements like the cooling system, prevents the voice coil from overheating, preserving its integrity and efficiency under continuous use .

The construction of the voice coil with flat aluminum wire wound on a fiberglass former enhances reliability and efficiency by improving heat dissipation and maintaining structural integrity under high power conditions. Aluminum has good thermal conductivity, which aids in managing the heat generated, while the fiberglass former provides thermal resistance and structural strength. These materials together ensure the voice coil can operate efficiently without degrading its performance during high power outputs .

Power compression occurs when increased power input results in less-than-expected SPL increase due to rising voice coil resistance from heating. Mitigating its effects requires effective cooling, achieved through designs like the triple cooling system, which maintains lower operational temperatures, and high thermal capacity materials like the aluminum frame that help manage temperature buildup and keep performance consistent even at high power levels .

Voice coil temperature is calculated using the change in resistance with respect to temperature, given as R/T relations: T_A = T_B + (R_A/R_B - 1)/(a_25) + 25. Changes in temperature affect performance, as rising temperatures increase resistance, reducing efficiency, known as power compression. This necessitates a well-designed cooling system to maintain optimal performance, as excessive heat compromises the voice coil's mechanical properties, leading to distortion and potential damage .

The baffle cutout diameter is crucial for proper subwoofer mounting and optimizing acoustical performance by ensuring minimal air leakage. Front and rear mount specifications provide flexibility in setup based on enclosure design; front mounting at 422 mm offers ease of access and can affect sound projection, while rear mounting at 412 mm may enhance cabinet aesthetics and improve dispersion characteristics by reducing the influence of enclosure reflections .

Magnet material and weight are critical in determining the magnetic field's strength, crucial for driving the loudspeaker's diaphragm efficiently. Barium ferrite, known for its stability and high magnetic strength, ensures that the loudspeaker maintains a strong and consistent magnetic field. The specified magnet weight of 3,440 g indicates a substantial magnetic force, which is necessary for precise control over the cone movement, thus improving sensitivity and reducing distortion in sound reproduction. Combined, these factors ensure robust and reliable loudspeaker performance .

The triple cooling system in the design of the high-power subwoofer is crucial for efficient heat management, which is vital for maintaining performance and reducing power compression. This system comprises a large diameter center hole surrounded by six smaller holes to directly cool the gap, and six frame windows to cool the air trapped between two spiders, thereby enhancing heat transfer. Efficient cooling prevents overheating, ensures linear performance, reduces distortion, and allows the subwoofer to handle peaks in power without damage .

The voice coil inductance decreases with frequency, indicated by values such as 11.073 mH at Fs, 2.549 mH at 1 kHz, and 0.674 mH at 20 kHz. This implies that the subwoofer is designed to operate efficiently across the audio spectrum, with lower inductance at higher frequencies reducing impedance and allowing for better high-frequency response. Consequently, the subwoofer can handle a wide range of audio frequencies with minimal loss, enhancing its versatility and performance .

The subwoofer's frame made from aluminum and finished with black epoxy provides mechanical strength and heat dissipation that enhances durability. Aluminum's rigidity supports the mechanical stress during high-volume outputs, while its thermal conductivity assists in dispersing heat away from the electrical components, minimizing thermal buildup and ensuring long-term reliability .

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