ANSYS - Structural Analysis/FEA Dynamic Analysis
Problem: Determine the mode shapes and frequencies of a cantilever conical pole as shown in the figure below. The pole is 3 m long, 30 cm diameter at the bottom and 15 cm diameter at the top. The pole is made of wood with Youngs modulus = 13.1 GPa, Poissons ratio = 0.29 and density = 470 kg/m. Also, reanalyze the cone for the case that there is a cylindrical-shape defect ( 15 cm, 0.5 m height) inside the pole as shown.
15 cm
15 cm 0.6 m
0.5 m
15 cm
Defect 3m
(no material)
1.9 m
30 cm
30 cm
Tutorial 8
1/5
STEP 1: Start up Preference> Structural /UNITS, SI STEP 2: Preprocessor Select the element type to be Structural Solid Brick 8-node 45 (Solid 45). Material Model Modulus of elasticity = 13.1 GPa Poissons ratio = 0.29 Density = 470 kg/m Modeling For the first model, Main Menu > Preprocessor > Modeling > Create > Volume > Cone > By dimensions Enter the dimension of the pole without the cavity. The bottom radius is 0.15 m and the top radius is 0.075 m. Z1 is the z-coordinate of the base and Z2 is that of the top. The starting and ending angles define the sector of the base circle that will be generated to a cone. For the second model, Create the main cone as explained in the previous step. Then create another cylinder for the defect. Subtract the cylinder from the cone as follows: Main Menu > Preprocessor > Modeling > Operate > Booleans > Subtract > Volumes Select the cone first then click OK. After that, select the cylinder and click OK. Meshing Assign an element length of 0.05 for all the areas as follows: Main Menu > Preprocessor > Meshing > Mesh Tool Click Set in front of areas and enter 0.05. Click OK
Tutorial 8
2/5
Make sure that the Tet and Free options are selected then click OK and select the volume to automatically mesh it. Analysis Type Set the analysis type to modal. Main Menu > Preprocessor > Loads > Analysis Type > New Analysis Select Modal and click OK Main Menu > Preprocessor > Loads > Analysis Type > Analysis Options Set the number of modes to extract = 20 and click OK In the next dialogue box, dont change the frequency range. Just click OK to accept the defaults. Boundary Conditions Fix the base of the cone by set the All DOF of the base area to 0. Main Menu > Preprocessor > Loads > Define Loads > Apply > Structural > Displacement > On Areas Pick the base area. Select All DOF.. Click OK. STEP 3: Solution STEP 4: Postprocessor The results for this type of analysis must be read first before it can be displayed. Select the frequency for which the results shall be read and displayed. To select the frequency Main Menu > General Postproc > Read Results > By Pick Select the required frequency and click Read, then click Close Plot the deformed shape to observe the mode shape. Main Menu > General Postproc > Plot Results > Deformed Shape
Repeat the same analysis and post-processing for the two models and observe the change in the natural frequencies and the mode shapes (use Results Viewer to view animation).
Tutorial 8
3/5
For Model 1
SET 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 TIME/FREQ 34.007 34.084 141.56 141.94 342.15 343.63 482.30 573.41 622.57 625.38 972.71 976.88 1003.1 1378.4 1381.8 1385.2 1576.1 1825.8 1832.6 2163.3 LOAD STEP 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 SUBSTEP 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 CUMULATIVE 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Mode 1 & 2 (1st harmonic mode 1 in y direction, mode 2 in x direction)
Mode 3& 4 (2nd harmonic)
Mode 5&6 (3rd harmonic)
Mode 8 (elongation)
Tutorial 8
4/5
For Model 2
SET 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 TIME/FREQ 36.781 36.846 135.28 135.88 349.63 351.06 496.21 595.08 621.37 623.90 945.73 959.75 964.36 1176.0 1402.8 1407.6 1518.1 1840.5 1845.9 2157.4 LOAD STEP 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 SUBSTEP 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 CUMULATIVE 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Mode 20
Tutorial 8
5/5