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1. During the concentric phase of the low-bar back psoas major
squat, which of the following muscles acts as an an-
tagonist to the gluteus maximus?
2. Which of the following muscle groups and types of B
muscle actions are associated with the downward
phase of the dumbbell biceps curl exercise?
Primary muscle group Primary muscle action
A. elbow extensors eccentric
B. elbow flexors eccentric
C. elbow flexors concentric
3. Which of the following rest periods is MOST appro- 6 min
priate for a middle distance runner performing 800-m
running intervals in 2 min?
4. As compared to males, the potential for force produc- similar
tion of females per muscle cross-sectional area is
5. Which of the following cardiovascular adaptations to increased maxi-
chronic aerobic exercise contributes the MOST to im- mal cardiac output
proved aerobic endurance performance?
6. Which of the following events occurs in the hamstring the H-zone length
muscles during the concentric muscle action of leg decreases
(knee) curl exercise?
7. Depletion of which of the following fuel sources hin- muscle glycogen
ders marathon performance MOST?
8. Which of the following situations would MOST inspire a challenging situ-
an athlete with a high motive to achieve success? ation in which the
probability of suc-
cess to failure is
even
9. Which of the following is a characteristic of Type II high power output
muscle fibers?
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10. Which of the following relies predominantly on the 5RM push press
phosphagen energy system?
11. Which of the following muscle actions produces the eccentric
greatest amount of muscle force?
12. Which of the following exercises increases axial bone barbell shoulder
mineral density MOST? press
13. Which of the following exercises is an example of a triceps pushdown
first-class lever?
14. Which of the following muscle actions precedes a eccentric
countermovement jump?
15. Which of the following increases serum testosterone short rest periods
MOST during resistance training? (30-60 seconds)
16. Which of the following decreases as a result of resis- mitochondrial den-
tance training and increases due to aerobic training? sity
17. An exercise session consisting of which of the fol- high-intensity re-
lowing modalities results in the LARGEST increase in sistance exercise
serum HGH concentration?
18. A female, college-age athlete began a strength and increased muscle
conditioning program 10 weeks ago. In the weeks fiber size
following, she continues to see gains in her strength.
Which of the following MOST likely contributes to this
change?
19. An increase in which of the following is a marker of creatine kinase
aerobic overtraining? concentration
20. Use of a weight belt is the MOST important when back squat
performing which of the following exercises at a 1RM
load?
21. cardiac output
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An increase in which of the following increases oxy-
gen delivery to the active muscles during acute aero-
bic exercise?
22. If calcium is not returned to the sarcoplasmic retic- fused tetanus
ulum, which of the following BEST describes what
occurs in the muscle?
23. A novice athlete has been following an aerobic en- increased resting
durance training program for 6 months. Which of the stroke volume
following is MOST likely to occur?
24. A female marathoner trains at sea-level. She travels to increased cardiac
a race venue held at an altitude of 5280 ft (1625 m). output
Which of the following BEST describes the immediate
physiological effect?
25. Which of the following is used to calculate power? work ÷ time
26. Which of the following activities occurs PRIMARILY in bent-over lateral
the transverse plane? raise
27. Which of the following may hinder an athlete's focus basketball player
during competitive sport performance? focusing on other
players during a
free throw
28. Which of the following components stimulate new progressive over-
bone? load, direction of
force, and rate of
loading
29. Gas exchange during respiration occurs in which of capillaries
the following structures?
30. An athlete wants to train the glycolytic and aerobic 3 min
energy systems. Which of the following rest periods is
the MOST appropriate if she performs work intervals
of 60 sec in duration?
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31. Which of the following protocols MOST closely simu- A
lates the metabolic demands of a basketball game?
Work interval Intensity (%maximal power)
A. 10 sec 95%
B. 30 sec 75%
C. 50 sec 55%
32. Which of the following factors determine the primary exercise intensity
energy system used during exercise? and exercise dura-
tion
33. Which of the following involves training loads that muscular strength
are MOST associated with increases in serum testos-
terone concentrations?
34. A parent informs the strength and conditioning pro- biological age
fessional that her child has been classified as being
at Tanner's Stage 1. What does this classification as-
sess?
35. Which of the following muscles acts isometrically dur- erector spinae
ing the deadlift exercise?
36. Which of the following exercises involves a sec- standing calf
ond-class lever? (heel) raise
37. All innervated muscle fibers of a motor unit fully con- all-or-none princi-
tract when stimulated due to which of the following? ple
38. Which of the following increases as an adaptation maximal power
to chronic resistance training, but decreases as an production
adaptation to chronic aerobic training?
39. The latissimus dorsi performs which of the following eccentric
muscle actions during the upward movement phase
of the lat pulldown exercise?
40.
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A 12-year-old athlete has been resistance training increased motor
twice a week for six weeks. Which of the following unit activation
adaptations contribute the MOST to training-induced
strength gains?
41. To allow for cross-bridge interactions during muscu- troponin
lar contraction, calcium must bind with which of the
following?
42. Which of the following BEST describes the effect on increases
mechanical advantage as a resistance moment arm
shortens?
43. Which of the following is the MOST appropriate to hex bar deadlift
stimulate bone growth?
44. In comparison to an elite Olympic weightlifter, an elite Type I muscle
long-distance cyclist will have a greater percentage of fibers
which of the following?
45. A 17-year-old high school tennis player follows an aer- stored creatine
obic training program 3 days per week at 70% HRmax phosphate
for 4 weeks. Which of the following is the MOST likely
to increase?
46. An 18-year-old collegiate rugby player is participating motor unit syn-
in a resistance training program. The strength and chronization
conditioning professional conducted strength testing
every 6 weeks with the following results:
Exercise Pre-testing Week 6 Week 12 Week 18
1 RM bench press 200 lb (91 kg) 210 lb (95 kg) 215 lb
(98 kg) 225 lb (102 kg)
Which of the following is PRIMARILY responsible for
the increases in strength during the first 8 weeks?
47. Which of the following BEST identifies the joint ac- rapidly extend the
tions during the upward phase of the push press ex- hips, knees and
ercise? ankles and then
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the arms to push
the bar overhead
48. Which of the following is a marker of aerobic over- decreased total
training? testosterone con-
centration
49. Within the biceps brachii muscle, the I-bands lengthen bent-over row
during the downward movement phase of which of the
following exercises?
50. During a single exercise session, which of the follow- intensity
ing training variables should be decreased to produce
a greater adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production
capacity?
51. A high school junior 1600-m runner has been aero- improvement in
bically training for 2 years. She improves her perfor- VO2max
mance time throughout the course of her first season
on the team. Which of the following is PRIMARILY
responsible for her performance increases?
52. Which of the following will be improved the MOST by maximum speed
increasing the strength of the hip flexor muscles?
53. Which of the following accumulates in the working hydrogen ions
muscle as an athlete exercises at near-maximum in-
tensity?
54. Which of the following is characterized by a personal intrinsic motivation
desire to improve?
55. Which of the following will DECREASE the power out- increasing the
put of an athlete performing the snatch exercise? load from 90 to
95% of the ath-
lete's 1RM
56. Which of the following adaptations results from heavy increased Type II
resistance training? fiber cross-sec-
tional area
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57. Which of the following muscles acts as an agonist trapezius
during the second pull of the power clean exercise?
58. Which of the following cause an athlete's heart rate to C
increase during the anticipatory period immediately
before the start of a race?
Parasympathetic activity Sympathetic activity
A. increase decrease
B. increase increase
C. decrease increase
59. Which of the following contributes MOST to shock eccentric plantar
absorption while running? flexion
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