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Characteristics of Living Organisms

The document discusses the key characteristics of living organisms and the classification of different kingdoms. It covers the defining features of plants, animals, fungi, protoctista, and prokaryotes. Additionally, it examines the phylum vertebrates and describes the characteristics of fish, amphibians, reptiles, mammals, and birds. The last section provides brief details about plant classification.

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Mohammed mustafa
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5 views2 pages

Characteristics of Living Organisms

The document discusses the key characteristics of living organisms and the classification of different kingdoms. It covers the defining features of plants, animals, fungi, protoctista, and prokaryotes. Additionally, it examines the phylum vertebrates and describes the characteristics of fish, amphibians, reptiles, mammals, and birds. The last section provides brief details about plant classification.

Uploaded by

Mohammed mustafa
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Chapter 1: Characteristics and Classification

of Living Organisms
 What are the common features of all living organisms?
o Movement: An action performed by an organism that causes a change in its location or
position.
o Respiration: A chemical reaction within cells that breaks down food nutrients to release
energy for metabolism.
o Sensitivity: The ability to detect and respond to changes in the internal or external
environment.
o Growth: An increase in the dry mass of cells through an increase in cell size or number.
o Reproduction: The process by which organisms produce more of their own kind.
o Excretion
o Nutrition: The intake of materials necessary for growth, energy, and development.
 What is a species?
o A group of organisms capable of interbreeding to produce fertile offspring.
 What is the binomial system?
o An international system for naming biological organisms, consisting of a genus name
(capitalized) and a species name.
 What are the characteristics of the animal kingdom?
o Multicellular
o Cells have a nucleus and a cell wall made of cellulose
o Obtain nutrients from organic substances produced by other organisms.
 What are the characteristics of the plant kingdom?
o Multicellular
o Obtain nutrients through photosynthesis
o Cells have a nucleus, cell wall made of cellulose, and chloroplasts.
 What are the characteristics of the fungi kingdom?
o Usually multicellular
o Cells have a nucleus and a cell wall not made of cellulose
o Lack chlorophyll
 What are the characteristics of the protoctista kingdom?
o Can be unicellular or multicellular
o Cells have a nucleus
o Cells may or may not have a cell wall and chloroplasts
o Obtain nutrients through photosynthesis or from organic substances produced by other
organisms.
 What are the characteristics of the prokaryotes kingdom?
o Often unicellular
o Lack a nucleus
o Have a cell wall not made from cellulose
o Lack mitochondria
 What is the phylum vertebrates and what are its classes and their
characteristics?
o Organisms with a vertebral column.
 Characteristics of fish:
o Scaly skin
o Gills
o Fins
 Characteristics of amphibians:
o Moist, scaly skin
o Eggs laid in water
o Adults live on land
o Young have gills, adults have lungs
 Characteristics of reptiles:
o Scaly skin
o Lay eggs with rubbery shells
 Characteristics of mammals:
o Hair
o Placenta
o Endothermic
o Young feed on milk
o Four-chambered heart
o Different types of teeth
 Characteristics of birds:
o Feathers
o Four-chambered heart
o Lay eggs with hard shells
o Endothermic
o Beaks
o Wings
 Plants:
o Ferns and flowering plants can be either monocotyledons or dicotyledons.

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