Basic algebra Excel Mathematics Study Guide Year 8
Pages 43–64
UNIT 2: Simplifying algebraic expressions
Question 1 Write down the coefficient for each of the following terms.
a 6x b 19m c 16t d 24x
e 14y f 54n g 96q h 35y
i 32a j 41p k 15l l 31n
Question 2 Circle the like terms.
a 3a, 4b, 10a b 5x, 6y, 9x c 7m, 3n, 8x
d 5c, 8d, 9c e 14y, 8a, 6y f 5l, 4m, 6l
g 3a, 4c, 5c h 12, 5a, 6a i 18y, y, 3x
Question 3 Simplify the following.
a 5a + 7a = b y + y + y + y = c m + m + m + m + m =
d x + x + x + x = e a + a + a + a + a = f d + d + d =
g 20d + 5d = h 7k + 5k + k = i 4a + 15a =
Question 4 Simplify the following expressions.
a 16x – 3x = b 28b – 17b = c 35x – 12x =
d 20a – 3a = e 49x – 6x = f 18a – 5a =
g 12y – 5y = h 14c – 8c = i 21y – 2y =
Question 5 Simplify the following.
a 9 × a = b 5 × a × b = c x × y × z =
d 6 × x × y = e 42 × m × n × l = f 8 × m × n =
g a × b × 10 = h 4 × 5 × m × n = i 14 × a × d × e =
Question 6 Write the following expressions in expanded form.
a 28ab = b 8abc =
c 7xy = d 7mn =
e 9abc = f 18m2 =
g 2xyz = h 9a2b =
i 14mnp = j 8a3 =
k 5ace = l 17a2b2 =
m 16x = n 28x2y3 =
Chapter 6: Basic algebra 55
© Pascal Press ISBN 978 1 74020 033 2 Excel Essential Skills Mathematics Revision & Exam Workbook Year 8
Basic algebra Excel Mathematics Study Guide Year 8
Pages 43–64
UNIT 3: Collecting like terms
Question 1 Collect like terms to simplify the following.
a a + a + a + a = b x + x + x + y + y + y + y =
c x + x + x + x + y = d l + l + l + l + l + m =
e m + m + m + n + n = f k + k + k + m + m + m =
Question 2 Simplify the following by collecting like terms.
a 5x + 7y + 9x = b 14a + 17 + 5a + 12 =
c 2a + 5b + 3a + 7b = d 7x + 3y + 8y =
e 6m + 4n + 8m + 3n = f 3a + 4b + 8a + 11b =
Question 3 Simplify the following.
a 16x – 9x – 3x + 2y = b 10x + 9y – 8x + 7y =
c 9p + 3l + 8p – l = d 9m – 4n + 12m + 6n =
e 15y + 31x + 4y = f 18xyz – 14xyz =
g 20a – 9a + 6b + 10b + b = h 9a + 8b + 5a – 5b – 2b =
Question 4 Simplify the following.
a 10m – 2m – m = b 8p – 5p + 3p =
c 9y2 + 7y2 – 8y2 = d 12x – 7x – 3x =
e 9a – 7b + 3a – a = f y + 5y – 2y =
g 10x + 5x + 2x = h 11d – d – 5d – 3d =
Question 5 Simplify the following.
a 9x – x – 4x = b a2 – 7a – a + 15 =
c 7y – 3x – y = d p3 + 3p2 – p2 – 10 =
e 15a + 2b – b – 7a = f 5x + 10y + 9x – 2y =
g ab + 4b + 3ab = h 2xy + 4x – xy + 2x =
Question 6 Collect like terms and simplify.
a xy + yz – xy – yz + xy = b 15m2n – 6mn2 + 7mn2 + 3m2n =
c 5a2 + 15a2 – 4a2 = d 18xyz + 8x + 5xyz – 4x =
e 20xyz + 12xyz – 5xyz = f 25x2 + 17y2 – 19x2 =
g 9x2y2 + 8x + 2x2y2 + 9x = h 9a3 + 7a3 – 4b3 + 8b3 =
56 Excel ESSENTIAL SKILLS Year 8 Mathematics Revision & Exam Workbook
© Pascal Press ISBN 978 1 74020 033 2 Excel Essential Skills Mathematics Revision & Exam Workbook Year 8
Basic algebra Excel Mathematics Study Guide Year 8
Pages 43–64
UNIT 7: Addition and subtraction of like terms (1)
Question 1 Simplify the following expressions by collecting like terms.
a 2x + 3x = b 5x – 2x =
c 5a + 4a = d 9y – 6y =
e 3y + 7y = f 4q – 3q =
g 8m + 6m = h 9a – a =
i 2b + 15b = j 8t – 2t =
k 7n + 5n = l 5mn + 3mn =
m 8p – 5p = n 8xy + 7xy =
o 7p – 3p = p 18x2 – 12x2 =
Question 2 Simplify the following.
a 5p + 6p – 3p = b 8m – 3m – 2m + 7m =
c 8x – 5x + 7x = d 4xy + 6xy – 3xy – 2xy =
e 12y – 4y + 5y = f 8k + 4k + 2k – 5k =
g 8xy + 2xy + 5xy = h 9a + 2a + 3a – 7a =
i 6m – 3m + 10m = j 11p + 5p – 7p =
k 5a + 7a + 3a + 6a = l 6ab – 3ab – ab + 2ab =
m 8x2 + 7x2 – 6x2 – 3x2 = n 6a2 + 7a2 + 8a2 – 10a2 =
o 4x – 2x + 9x – 6x = p 11y – 6y – 3y – y =
Question 3 Simplify by collecting like terms.
a 4x + 3x + 2y + 7y = b 11a + 7b – 3a =
c 3m + 7m + 8n + 9m = d 9c – 6c – 2c + 3d =
e 8a + 7a – 2m – 3m = f 9x2 – x2 – 3x2 =
g 3x + 2y + 5x = h 12mn – 6mn + 3mn =
i 8y + 7x – 3x – 2x = j 5x + 7y – 4y – 2x =
k 8m + 2n + 9n + 2n = l 5t + 17 – 2t – 8 =
m 7y + 6y – 3x + 7x = n 6a + 9 – 3a =
o 12 – 3x – 2x = p 9m + 7mn – 6m – 2mn =
q 10m + 5n + 3n + 4m = r 5x + 3y – 2x – 2y =
60 Excel ESSENTIAL SKILLS Year 8 Mathematics Revision & Exam Workbook
© Pascal Press ISBN 978 1 74020 033 2 Excel Essential Skills Mathematics Revision & Exam Workbook Year 8
Basic algebra Excel Mathematics Study Guide Year 8
Pages 43–64
UNIT 8: Addition and subtraction of like terms (2)
Question 1 Simplify the following expressions by collecting like terms.
a 3a – 7a = b –2x + 3x =
c 6y – 9y = d –2p – 3p =
e 8a + –3a = f 9x – –2x =
g –2m2 + 5m2 = h –8n – n =
i 3x – 11x = j –6p – 2p =
k –y + y = l –10x + 4x =
m 6a – 8a = n –5t – t =
o x – 5x = p 2k – 14k =
Question 2 Simplify the following by collecting like terms.
a 5n + –2n = b –y – y – y =
c –4a – –6a = d –k + 2k – 3k =
e 8y – –3y = f –3p + 6p + 3p =
g 5x – 7x = h –8n + 15 – 2n =
i –6m – –10m = j 3a – 2a2 + 7a2 =
k –x – 2x – 3x = l –3y + 4x – 7y =
m 9 – 7t + 12 = n –3k2 – 2k2 + 9k =
o x – 5x + 3y = p 8xy – 25 – 10xy =
Question 3 Simplify by collecting like terms.
a 2x + 3x – y – 5y = b 3n + 2p – 7n =
c 8a + 9b – 3a + 2b = d 6n – 3p – 10n + p =
e 2a – 3b – 2a – 3b = f a – b – a + a =
g –7x + 15 + 7x = h 8m2 – 7m + 3a2 + m =
i 9y – 3 – 2y – 2 = j 6a – 3b – 9a – b =
k 7k + 5 – 4k + 12 = l 7xy + 9x – 2x + xy =
m 4m – 7 + 6m – 8 = n 4a – 5b – 3a =
o a – 8t + 2a – t = p 6ab – 3b + ab – 9ab =
q y – 5y + 7 – 18 = r –6y2 – 3y – y + 2y2 =
Chapter 6: Basic algebra 61
© Pascal Press ISBN 978 1 74020 033 2 Excel Essential Skills Mathematics Revision & Exam Workbook Year 8
Basic algebra Excel Mathematics Study Guide Year 8
Pages 43–64
UNIT 9: Multiplication of pronumerals
Question 1 Find the products of the following.
a 7 × 3a = b 4a × 9b =
c 4m × 5n = d ab × a =
e –2x × 5 = f –8m × –2m =
g 4a × –3a = h –9m × –3 =
i 8 × 3b × b = j –5x × –x =
k –2a × –3b = l 3a × 4am =
m 4mn × 3m × 2n = n –2p × 5 × –5p =
o 6ab × 5 = p –6m × –5mn =
Question 2 Work out the following products.
a 3 × 2 × 5a × b = b 7a × 2a =
c 8b × –3b = d –6a × 3 =
e 2m × 3mn = f 8x × –5 =
g ab × bc = h –9t × 5t =
i 7mn × 8np = j –3k × –2k =
k xy × yz = l –6 × –5x =
m 2mn × np × 3n = n –a × 5b =
o 4ab × –3bc = p –2a × –2b =
q –7a × 2ab × c = r –6y × –7y =
Question 3 Simplify the following.
a –2x × 4 × –5x = b –2x × –5 × –8y =
c 3a × 5 × –4y = d 6m × –5m =
e –6 × –4a = f 4n × –15m =
g –9x × –2y = h –3n × –2n × –5n =
i –8p × 5p = j xy × 3xy × –5xy =
k 5 × –2x × 3y = l –x × –y × –z =
m –a × 7ab = n –4a × –5b =
o –m × –2m × –3n = p –2m × 10 × –5m =
q –5a × –a = r –2ab × –5bc × –3cd =
62 Excel ESSENTIAL SKILLS Year 8 Mathematics Revision & Exam Workbook
© Pascal Press ISBN 978 1 74020 033 2 Excel Essential Skills Mathematics Revision & Exam Workbook Year 8
Basic algebra Excel Mathematics Study Guide Year 8
Pages 43–64
UNIT 10: Division of pronumerals
Question 1 Simplify the following.
10 x 30 ab
a = b =
2x 5a
27 mn
c = d 36xy ÷ 9xy =
9m
e 15abc ÷ 5ab = f 12m2 ÷ 4m =
g 9y ÷ y = h abc ÷ ac =
i 28a ÷ 7a = j mk ÷ k =
k 32xy ÷ 8y = l 8n2 ÷ 4n =
m 9y2 ÷ 9y = n 60abc ÷ 10ac =
o 25m2 ÷ 5m = p 72x2 ÷ 12x =
Question 2 Work out the following divisions.
12 a 16 m
a = b =
4 2m
10 a b
2
c = d 25m ÷ 5m =
5a2
e 12a ÷ –6 = f –10pq ÷ 5p =
g –32a ÷ –8a = h –48xy ÷ –16x =
i 50ab ÷ 25ab = j –9xy ÷ xy =
k 5x ÷ –5 = l 60m ÷ –10m =
m 18xy ÷ xy = n –18a ÷ 6a =
o abc ÷ ab = p 9ab ÷ 3a =
q 5m ÷ 4m = r –36mn ÷ –9m =
Question 3 Simplify the following.
−18 a 90 abc
a = b =
6 −10 a
− xyz −33y
c = d =
− xy −11y
e –20t ÷ –t = f –30ab ÷ –10a =
g –50ab ÷ –5b = h a2bc ÷ abc =
i x2y ÷ xy = j m2n ÷ mn2 =
k 27ab2 ÷ 9a2b = l –24a2 ÷ 8a =
m 48x2 ÷ –8x = n 49ab ÷ –7a =
o –16pqr ÷ 8pr = p –42a2 ÷ 6a =
q –9y2 ÷ –9y = r –27mn ÷ –9m =
Chapter 6: Basic algebra 63
© Pascal Press ISBN 978 1 74020 033 2 Excel Essential Skills Mathematics Revision & Exam Workbook Year 8
Basic algebra Excel Mathematics Study Guide Year 8
Pages 43–64
UNIT 11: A
lgebraic expressions and the order
of operations
Question 1 Simplify the following.
a 2x × 5x × 4 = b 6a × 12ab ÷ a2b =
c 7mn × 5m ÷ n = d 3a × 2a × 5b =
e –4a × 8a × –3 = f 20xyz ÷ 5xy ÷ z =
g 12x × 7 ÷ 4x = h 20 × 3m ÷ 5 =
i 12 × 8mn ÷ 4n = j 15a ÷ 3a × 5 =
Question 2 Find answers to the following.
a (9x)2 ÷ 3x × 2 = b –5 × –3x × 8 =
c 81ab ÷ 9a ÷ 3b = d 21ab ÷ –21ab =
e (4ab)2 ÷ 16a2b = f 9m × –5 × –2m =
g –5a × 3b × –4ab = h 28xy ÷ 7x ÷ 4y =
Question 3 Simplify the following.
a (18y ÷ 6) – 2y b 8x + (6 × 3x) c (5 × 8p) – (35p ÷ 7)
d (–5x × 8) – 4x – 3x e 85t – (8 × 4t) – 2t f (16a ÷ 2) – (42a ÷ 7)
g 9a ÷ (8a – 5a)
h 5x + 8 × 3x – 4x i 20a – (15a ÷ 3) – 7a
Question 4 Simplify the following.
26 x + 16 x 64 a ÷ 16 35 x 2 ÷ 7 x
a = b = c =
2x × 3 18 a 2 ÷ 9 a 2 x + 3x
8y × 6y 8n × 5n 8 a − 24 a
d = e = f =
12 y 2 ÷ 2 y ( 2 n )2 3a + 5 a
64 Excel ESSENTIAL SKILLS Year 8 Mathematics Revision & Exam Workbook
© Pascal Press ISBN 978 1 74020 033 2 Excel Essential Skills Mathematics Revision & Exam Workbook Year 8
Answers
d 0.8 m e 0.6 m f 1200 m 3 a 8 m b 50 m c 6000 m d 95 m e 8300 m f 63.25 km 4 a 5 cm b 4 cm c 12.6 cm d 8 mm
e 30 cm f 28.35 cm 5 a 35 m b 15 m c 525 m2 d 2.5 m e 150 m2
Page 51 1 a 3 : 2 b 2 : 3 2 160 bottles/h 3 a 3 : 4 b 4 : 3 4 60 km/h 5 $120, $180 6 a 4 : 9 b 1 : 2 7 90 km/h 8 75 cents
9 $36 000, $84 000 10 metal 25 m3, sand 15 m3, cement 10 m3
Page 52 1 D 2 B 3 B 4 C 5 D 6 B 7 D 8 C 9 C 10 B 11 A 12 A
1
Page 53 1 13.2 2 0.37 3 3 4 a 3 : 1 b 7 : 20 5 36, 48 6 4 h 7 $21.50 per hour 8 a 8 mm b 130 m 9 54 km/h 10 25
11 a irrational b rational c rational
Chapter 6 – Basic algebra
2y x
Page 54 1 a 5x + 6y b m – 15 c 6a d a – b e 3 2 a 6n – 5 b 5a + 32 c x + 2y + 5z d 12ab e 6a 3 a 3x + 9 b 5 + 8
c x + 20 d x – 8 e x + 7 4 a a + 17 b 6m + 7n c 3a + 4b + 5c d 9x + 11y + 2z e 8m + 10n + 7p 5 a 6a + 5b + 7c b 20xy – 10
3a a +b 18 + x
c 4 b + 15 d 10 e 6
Page 55 1 a 6 b 19 c 16 d 24 e 14 f 54 g 96 h 35 i 32 j 41 k 15 l 31 2 a 3a, 10a b 5x, 9x c none d 5c, 9c e 14y, 6y
f 5l, 6l g 4c, 5c h 5a, 6a i 18y, y 3 a 12a b 4y c 5m d 4x e 5a f 3d g 25d h 13k i 19a 4 a 13x b 11b c 23x d 17a e 43x
f 13a g 7y h 6c i 19y 5 a 9a b 5ab c xyz d 6xy e 42mnl f 8mn g 10ab h 20mn i 14ade 6 a 28 × a × b b 8 × a × b × c
c 7 × x × y d 7 × m × n e 9 × a × b × c f 18 × m × m g 2 × x × y × z h 9 × a × a × b i 14 × m × n × p j 8 × a × a × a
k 5 × a × c × e l 17 × a × a × b × b m 16 × x n 28 × x × x × y × y × y
Page 56 1 a 4a b 3x + 4y c 4x + y d 5l + m e 3m + 2n f 3k + 3m 2 a 14x + 7y b 19a + 29 c 5a + 12b d 7x + 11y
e 14m + 7n f 11a + 15b 3 a 4x + 2y b 2x + 16y c 17p + 2l d 21m + 2n e 19y + 31x f 4xyz g 11a + 17b h 14a + b 4 a 7m
b 6p c 8y2 d 2x e 11a – 7b f 4y g 17x h 2d 5 a 4x b a2 – 8a + 15 c 6y – 3x d p3 + 2p2 – 10 e 8a + b f 14x + 8y g 4ab + 4b
h xy + 6x 6 a xy b 18m2n + mn2 c 16a2 d 23xyz + 4x e 27xyz f 6x2 + 17y2 g 11x2y2 + 17x h 16a3 + 4b3
3x
Page 57 1 a 8y b 8a c 5m3 d 7 × a × b e 16y 2 a 15a b 35n c a + 7b d 4x + 64 e 5 f abc g 42a h 8ab2 i 20mn
23 6a m m +n 5x 8x + 3
j 2m + 5 k 9 + 4x l 3a + 4b m x n 11 o 10 p 5 q 3a + 2 r 2 a 3 a 9 × a b 3 × y c 12 × a d 4 × x – 5 e 8 × m + 3
f 60 – 3 × x g a × b + 3 h 2 × x – 3 × y i a × a × a × b × b j 14 × x × y × z k 7 × m × m + 4 l x × x – y × y 4 a 6a3b b 12a2b2
c 5(x + 9) d 5(m – 5) e 7a(c + 2) f 28(x – 2) g mn(p + 3) h 6(5a + 9) i 8 + (20 + 4m) j 8(6a – 2b) k 7a + 5 l 14a – 5
m 7n3 n 18a3 o x3y2 p 8m – 9 q 16a + 7 r 5a – 10 1 2
Page 58 1 a 21 b 28 c 26 d 9 e 45 f 12 g 27 h 3 i 117 j 9 k 162 l 15 2 a 4 b 19 c –85 d 15 e 31 f 24 g 240 h 30 i 26 3
j 4 k 14 l 94 3 a 2, 5, 8, 11, 14 b 2, 6, 10, 14 c –2, 3, 8, 13, 18 d –1, 5, 11, 17, 23, 29, 35 e 5, 7, 9, 11
f –7, 2, 11, 20, 29, 38, 47 4 a 6, 4, 5, 25, 1, 25 b 11, 5, 24, 64, 9, 47 c 8, 4, 12, 36, 4, 34 d 12, 2, 35, 49, 25, 53
e 13, 5, 36, 81, 16, 56 f 6, 2, 8, 16, 4, 26 g 13, 7, 30, 100, 9, 55 h 11, 3, 28, 49, 16, 48 i 9, 7, 8, 64, 1, 37
Page 59 1 a 24 b 4 c 18 d 29 e 6 f 120 g 15 h 19 i 58 j 43 k 68 l 35 2 a 17 b 45 c 32 d 9 e 5 f 20 g 49 h 4 i 125
j 100 k 4 l 50 m 8 n 21 o 18 3 a 8.9 b 14.7 c 3.1 d 15.6 e 90.5 f 42.3 g 75.9 h 13.8 i 3.7 j 3.7 k 2.7 l 1.5 m 79.2
n 3.8 o 2.4
Page 60 1 a 5x b 3x c 9a d 3y e 10y f q g 14m h 8a i 17b j 6t k 12n l 8mn m 3p n 15xy o 4p p 6x2 2 a 8p b 10m
c 10x d 5xy e 13y f 9k g 15xy h 7a i 13m j 9p k 21a l 4ab m 6x2 n 11a2 o 5x p y 3 a 7x + 9y b 8a + 7b c 19m + 8n
d c + 3d e 15a – 5m f 5x2 g 8x + 2y h 9mn i 8y + 2x j 3x + 3y k 8m + 13n l 3t + 9 m 13y + 4x n 3a + 9 o 12 – 5x
p 3m + 5mn q 14m + 8n r 3x + y
Page 61 1 a –4a b x c –3y d –5p e 5a f 11x g 3m2 h –9n i –8x j –8p k 0 l –6x m –2a n –6t o –4x p –12k
2 a 3n b –3y c 2a d –2k e 11y f 6p g –2x h –10n + 15 i 4m j 5a2 + 3a k –6x l 4x – 10y m –7t + 21 n –5k2 + 9k o –4x + 3y
p –2xy – 25 3 a 5x – 6y b 2p – 4n c 5a + 11b d –4n – 2p e –6b f a – b g 15 h 8m2 + 3a2 – 6m i 7y – 5 j –3a – 4b
k 3k + 17 l 8xy + 7x m 10m – 15 n a – 5b o 3a – 9t p –2ab – 3b q –4y – 11 r –4y2 – 4y
Page 62 1 a 21a b 36ab c 20mn d a2b e –10x f 16m2 g –12a2 h 27m i 24b2 j 5x2 k 6ab l 12a2m m 24m2n2 n 50p2
o 30ab p 30m2n 2 a 30ab b 14a2 c –24b2 d –18a e 6m2n f –40x g ab2c h –45t2 i 56mn2p j 6k2 k xy2z l 30x m 6mn3p
n –5ab o –12ab2c p 4ab q –14a2bc r 42y2 3 a 40x2 b –80xy c –60ay d –30m2 e 24a f –60mn g 18xy h –30n3
i –40p2 j –15x3y3 k –30xy l –xyz m –7a2b n 20ab o –6m2n p 100m2 q 5a2 r –30ab2c2d
Page 63 1 a 5 b 6b c 3n d 4 e 3c f 3m g 9 h b i 4 j m k 4x l 2n m y n 6b o 5m p 6x 2 a 3a b 8 c 2b d 5 e –2a
5 m 3b
f –2q g 4 h 3y i 2 j –9 k –x l –6 m 18 n –3 o c p 3b q 4 r 4n 3 a –3a b –9bc c z d 3 e 20 f 3b g 10a h a i x j n k a
l –3a m –6x n –7b o –2q p –7a q y r 3n
Page 64 1 a 40x2 b 72 c 35m2 d 30a2b e 96a2 f 4 g 21 h 12m i 24m j 25 2 a 54x b 120x c 3 d –1 e b f 90m2 g 60a2b2
h 1 3 a y b 26x c 35p d –47x e 51t f 2a g 3 h 25x i 8a 4 a 7 b 2 c 1 d 8y e 10 f –2
Page 65 1 a 5a + 15 b 6x – 42 c –12 – 2a d –5x – 35 e 18a + 45 f 15x – 27 g 12a + 6a2 h 2x2 – 5x i 6m2 + 3m j 5x2 – 15x
k 14n2 – 21n l –3a2 + 6a m –2a – 10 n –21p + 28 o 5a2 – 5a p –6x2 + 6x q –x – 9 r –4y + 7 2 a 9x + 15 b a – 30 c 6m – 12
d 5x + 1 e 4y2 + 24y f 3m – 12 g 2x + 30 h 12x – 6 i 4m – 2 3 a 7x – 2 b 11m – 30 c 8p – 29 d 10x + 22 e 2x + 10 f x2 + 3
g 3p – 28 h 5p2 + 9 i 5m – 2
184 Excel ESSENTIAL SKILLS Year 8 Mathematics Revision & Exam Workbook
© Pascal Press ISBN 978 1 74020 033 2 Excel Essential Skills Mathematics Revision & Exam Workbook Year 8
