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11 views33 pages

Untitled

Uploaded by

Zain Arfeen
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© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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TAA Att A2-A fia -Energetics s ‘La Types of enthalpies a Sign of enthalpies 3. Hess's cycte 4: Bein Haber cycle s. Hyderabad = lohoe + Suktuw & Entropy (dliserdeyness). 7. Gilb’s fee energy - ¢. Exo ) Types of Enthalpies < a0. /MiT/a004 Dexmploin the teven ‘Labtice enevay® 2 /2 wat fe the — ameunt of enthalpy change when ene mele of a Rempaund 6 formed . - from t's gaseous fon a; Nat @ + CH (4) —> Wacrts) DWiite an eRratfon to shew (adtice energy of follecings, {No20 > 2No@ + SH—> War 019) Mg Css > Ma") + ack G)—> Mqcti) Ager > Ag’ + BC QD —> Ag@r ©) Cache > GM + BCL G) —> cackrs) Bos > BANG + PH —> BAS Factors en cohich lattice enerqy degon cts 5 ') Charge (cation ¢, anion) J 2) Sire (cation & anion) 1) lakkice eneuqy o< charge a) lice energy o | Sve of attraction behocen * As the charge increases , electrostatic fevce incveases- caken and anion neveases , Lattice enewgy / Pe the size decreases , elechostalie force of attraction lockseon cation ard asion ‘navenses » lattice energy incensed - % (aiice energy inavenses mean reaction ‘vewmes Mowe exothermic tr more negative - 209 fu /T/v42 S wry leitice enengy Man “(aitice enerqy of Ker ? fet caldium bromide © move exothermic cow Vs er ct Ne eT x CaSdwo ton (G2) has aveatev chorge thon petusium ton(et)- % Gronepy cledvestade force of atvaction between cat and Br than vt and Gr. aorfofivu2 > MgGS Vs Nagy (which har qyestey Latice enevey)) Not oo Chaige & same 85352 2585) a5 85t a53 ¥ lattice energy of NaC® & more exothermic than Mace becouse gze of Nak is cmaMey than Mat % Stronger electiostatic fore of attraction between Natand Cr 4han Mg and co vag Vs Nacd Mg"? Nat # (atfice energy of Mach2 & moe exotheymic than Nacy becouse wage os qreastev chawqe than Nat .t 1% Skrengey elechostatic force of attraction between Matard of 46a Na* and ov” HW > Rove Ne Nave ae Not alee energy Nana ie aveniey than Rone as cize of Abi? ts waa ns we th wens, Groner ote cle chogtedtic force of altvaction > eon ve Mags (COW) Cott Ma? mole oe) oF NapltO-s greater van Wz as size of Go'* i qveatev ce 7 Stren Aleckrostatic ferle ef “atwackion between” mae wee ran “Ga? ond PO > Bcd Vs ep Bre or #LE of Poel, & ‘oventer than PbO, os vou pF OK stay ton ey Shot cle ctrostatic force Of athoution between Pb and C+ > baS Vs BAO wlaliice ches rome i late terre of obtraction fm B00, alfcr Hon > Ch Vs Gh : othomic ton Calle ante rod: of FE lgtretotic fore of attarBon in erogy of Gh & moe Vey Wan Cr! so Sstergev | OR tan Cocke > Basow Vs MqSO4 eat* Way? . ¥\atice enerqy of Maso» is mere exothermic than Bato4 as the radii of Jey tan Bo? so ctemgey electrostatic toe of ug? is cmelley abtig Bean in MgSO thm Ba SOu aoig fof [42 > Define the tem ‘elesbon affinity’ - ®t fs the enthalgy change When one mete of atom oy ten gpin me mole of clectvon. 1% 40 form qoseeus drion from Gaseous adrm - Eq, cal +e’ SB> or ®. SD hust elechon affinity & always exothermic (ve). x CLD Fe’ > CF 2M electron affinity) > send lectern altrity (6 aliooys endothewnic (+ve) because of the repulsion bekeen negative antpy and negative elechen f0 enewan, a povided to evevtome this veputsion- > tivd electon oftiatiy fe cyeater than sevond e-f| as chavge inevenves So vegulsten tnoveare and more enevgy & prided. 7 Wird ER > seend EAS fect en X Beddon afiity an cithey be positive ey Negative al cle: rit fea Kind of enevqy cycle + Treve ave two types 5 1) Nomat @-H cycle 2) Ronevmal BH cycte- lp abroad GH cyte» equations ave given - * Upward and Aoumward amveus ave wed. « Upward aweo means endothemic and dewnwavd awe means exothevmic- * AWS = Sum of all enthalpies: ¥ BH ale Cs enly for solid tonic Lempound- 2005 Lon /01 drow BH cycle of Aq@r - © PSD wel wf wen Hi = abowiation of ‘Ag Ras) y > Ha = Tenization enaioyy of Bg ml 2 Adis) + @) ene . WS Ha = electron affivity of Gr Agis)* 7 ei lis = \aifee energy dw v He = Atg Agbv(s> We= Hit +a + Hu +Hs. Nol) CAL) | au i. ‘8 eo ct of? a ° : He = Hata Hse Ha + He Ws Nols) + $C 69) Ne Na c$ (6) acer /oin|ai0! Draw bon haber cycte of te followings Hy = AHate of No enne He - LE of Na + 2Na" 9) 6) Us- OI of 5 e ‘ i HH uc | akm of diatomic = _@-€ | os _ v "] q ieee Wa Has F* e-n of aNa ro © HE Hee eR of owygen \° ‘ \ He = AHS aNa 6) +402) (pe Ha = Lattice energy Na.O - : He -24 ahs +b Ha +Hat Hs +p a0o4 /mM/T/@4 DMs of Nach =A erm BHaim Na = 10% met Attatm Ch = 122 nei” Le of Na = 4A4VSmei! ER of CL = -344 Kamei! le =? Nal) Cala) we | ve He = Hit+Ho+ Hat Hy + Hs \ be HOU = lOF + AAU + 122 +6344) +H: Naty) Ne @) OG as = -a- 34 wt | 2 38S Imei’ (Ao) | | Ws Na(s) + 46% is l Nac (s) 3008 /oin/O+ TE of Pq = 431 Kjell EB of Gr = -3aS Kime! BxHatm of Ag = aes Genel BHatm of Br = M2 Ygenol! Dus of AgBr = -100 Kjmet! Le=? Aig (@) eyq) He 2 Ave a tH Hy + t : ‘ yw! “00 = aBS+ ABl4 U24C325) 4 He \ Hs = -100-¢03 | = -Q03imei" (Aw) 2009 0/N/4I DR§ GCM +- 246 ymei' Aviat of Ca = (FB Kimi’ EP of CY 2 -34q Limel’ be ~ S52. etroei' Cnn) a0 /43/o/n ia 2-344 Ataam of Sve 164 of C8 Bug SvCh =- 830 ave + 7( A | S72 ea ae! + aca) \ feuz Tat-sua) suave oe 7430 @) | Svla) 4 CBs () ofp 30 ta) [te i. S(s)4 Cha) | = Srch@y -S30 = 164 4SUE4+ OBO vaUz 42(- 34) +AL-E peice a = -3lNG eamot' Lt) —_—— ® Draw bom-haber ayle of he Os apt? yy 420) ~ A 4) , wa | . jue wt | ant (4) | | ate | i ants; 2021) | " \ Vv Bo Oss) Ha POW = Kis) —> 4 lag) + e = -ash AHso = ? (234 Ades = ©) —> Ca) Allg, = (VE— (04) 3K ls) RS)4 2024 3¢" HE = Her Ha + 3. bats ae “2035 - 3(2s)+be4y+ OMS (-BMs01) Atle = -2 Kymoi' Uw) aur+e! Lap va Atco | ¥ KaPOulsy Hydevatoad - labose + Sure Hy dvation = LE 4 solution ois (o/n /Va Q, Define cthatpy charge of solaton +The enthalpy Change * when one mole of setuben dissolves i an infrtle ameunt of watey to form a alilute solution, 2012 M/s Nar &. Define enthaley change of bydwation - + The exthatpy change when ene mele of gareous tens ave dicsowed in Water - Hess's Cycle velating Othe , BHs01_, BHayd + 7 pre Goyeows Fons ‘ Salk (s) pe), ae) \ Ny Pryreous fons youte 1 =vouke 2 AKinyd €4-a a ) hyd ang'tea)+ SOP ay) e943 - a 7G) +anI05 Cy) ve | uy a (W0a)s) Sol are + ANO5 (aq)) ors _o_which huydvation enex ends + “Theve ave +00 factors en which lydwation enevgy degerch;, \) Chavge of Gakion & anion. a) Ke of cat 2 anion | thease enevgy tw ive tty Propoxtionad te charge om im. | + Hydvadion eneway fe fwevsely proportional to size of anion | or codon - + Vuitton High’ Wycbasion enevay means more exotheunic . + Size sand chavge owe collectively wed chage douiy aga M/s (v2 @ wite ears to Show lydwation of magnesium (ni?) ton Mg"ep Atal 5 og? on) Corepowe HE of Mq and Co . Met Ca’? + Mal? @% gmatley than “Ga'?. + Mgt? hos more chewagg density. HE ot Mg2> HE of Gt, & Wie tmporsible to etewmine the enllalpy charge of bydwation of oxfcle tom (0 d2 = it fe becawe 6% veacts with +20 (water) to form hyclox! de ten O7@ +02) —y 20H (oq) Experimenta determinosen of buydwotion enevqy = + Ansulated cabovimentey 7 _ z + Wacew Keqpuived + Trevmometew J \- Meapuve Stated or geen velume of H20 and pew ito cotlovimeter . 3 Measuve the tempevakue of woke. 3 Way oak bnew ameunt of salt Mach 4-Reverd Kno) tempevahue of water . s: Find change to tempevakwe and then we a0 fOin [Vat Y Gladate tattice energy; Wyduation enevgy % Gtion and anion howe UPevont wy dwatien meng, AWwyd Gol?2 (650 Atiyd NOs = -314 PAs Ca(NOs) = -A ao G? NOD) ‘Ott = Ae + Att ala) hyd = AML sl a ~Ksorat-ati)< -10 4% AL = ASA met (es “t GWNO:),, “8 a7 (eq) HIND (q)} & Suggest why byduation enevqy of Ba’? is ley» exolhewmic tiny, at? Ba"? & auger thar Gal? - = ? has greater chavge clenstly Han Ba + GI? has sbengev attraction water . Qs loin (V3 Atliya of Mg 2-428 L-€ of MgCts = -aSa4 | BHel of Mg = -1SS DHuged of Ce 2 nb oa a @) + acs (4 - = -asay -t! - ay Mg @ + acs g lars +e = -asau -1Ss Me 78S2U-1SS 419758. 7 2 2 2 Mg Ct (s) ~1025 4.04 27397 Graal! (hs) ASS U Mq?eq)+ ACR Cag - a (goi?/co3") = Solubity of Gpa sov/Cos* — }- Sotubrté decreases dewn the group. | qvoup . [- Le and HE both cleweases “VE and H-€ both decveases (less (ies exothermic fem negative) - | exotheumic /lers, negative) “WE ckewenses fae than table \- H-€ decveases les than Le. -Atsol becomes ler exothennic, les negative. ap - Re6O4, Mas, S04, S04 , BASOY tinewease dev the y SHsol becomes more eastheymic ys more negative . BelOH a y MglOH)z , CADW Sa , Cv (o)25 Badt me —————__» solubility, decveares Hey toon % DS Ds becomes more exothemic , alt becomes more suble- # When hydvaken Nev qu & grentey Hon Ulice €- realy ineverses . 2016 /O/N/v4r 1 O: Explain wohy lattice enevgy, veprosente an exothewnic change ? slentc ending i formed: +» Bond favmation & exothermic phence lattice energy ts acthermic . ‘aos [on Nua © What happens to the seid imic (atice udhen an ienic Compound § licsolve in wate 7 - lone bend between ation anc! anten breaks. ~ attaction detelep between ions and water Cot Hon, 2010/42 /E/M /Q2 Lteig) + $02) —> OH 7 BH of OH=7 Blaine of Mq = (Ue Dy of Malor=-aas LE ot mglOW)2 = -2443 “re ot Mg = 736 , a T-€ of Mq 2450 Mq*@)_ + 20H , vl Aly = Hit He + Ha4 ty tHE Na} (9) WS = WS EA FBGA IUCO FW - 2493 a aws -9aS + 5a My | weak w | 2 Mais) + th) + 0244) yes | Ke “BB Agel! CA) Mn toll, aa'é/oln/42 AHee of NaNz 2-222 OHatn of Na = 107 "Ne +e» nis = (42 T-€ of Na -4au AHE => BH5 = 109+ 4au + 1y2 -4a) DHE 2 + 1cimei! (Ps) Entrepy = 20g JoyN/V42 | & Define the tev onepy? ~ j + te fs a measure of dicordevnes of a oytem |- Symbol of enhopy ie ‘s’ -As & charge of ender “AS” i ehandavd change of entropy. + Stunt of omteey & usually Sirol!" Solid ——> Utquid AS = inoveoses Ue) Tompevakuve inoveare, —> BS incieases No- of motes of veackank trueases 5 pc = Incvaases (+e) No-of molecules tmoveoses —> Ag - ineveases (+ve) Simgle molecule —> Cunpler moteute As = troveases L+ve) qiucese ——> stavch ” *O2 —— > 03 ee ” 2016 LEIm Jur © Deraitbe ancl oxplain shat hagpors to he onkepy of ‘a ~ uahen tempevakwe & incweared - = AL high temp. > particles have mere energy + Exbepy ofa gas inovenes bewuwe of an inwenre in the Samant of olisevlevners &, Ident sign of end Soom + Log — cose US mol Lmol = Entvepy decveares as no. of moles decienses so entropy i | negative 3) gis) + ZO2@) —> MgO (s) A-Smol A mol - Envy decrees ay no-of moler ecenses so ewhopy 'S negpkive - 13) CuSOuls) +5t20L8) —> CASOu “S420 6) 6 mot Amol = Bakegy dewrenses s0 entvegy tx negative . )NaltCos (5) + H* (oy) —> Not (oa) + CO2 (> + OU) Amol 3 meh ~ Solid converts “gas, no-of moles Tnevecvres . euk¥opy *uenres so enlropy, te gostkive - 8016 (MW/T far deakihy Sqn of cated onbep y #2 8) Gi (aq) + Acts NHotag) alco Hs nied) Coa S wel \ mol a oxbopy decease so oubopy pei? negative - +2 8) Gigs CHacHe He (ay) S (oO Cts ies @q) more clierclemers len cliserolemnex ©, Complete the table with W). Energy Change | Always +ve pusoys -ve letter we or —ve t —s ore Bend oreqy DHatm | v : lenis ation enevgy v Atte Den | DH nyd | | i \ | C446 Lalfce energy AW Aug DHs0) Electron affinity | Cube py \ | aoa J F/M (42 KS OK 6 AS = & Se- Se ANOG) — N20) + N205, @) AS clecveaser (-ve)» 4 motes convevt into a motes. Borg /o/N/42/0-8 NH2Ct(q) + NH3(q) —> Waly + HCL au WGjre! lag jel ahakjmnt’ [earl BS=? As ~ (a33+@7] - [aa + ae) = ~1S Covet! (aw) aes /42/M/5 184 Si + 2Ch —> Sichy las- 225-3) \ 234 489 bBS= Se-Se 936-4 = a34- Uer+2n) t= ars TE! moi! Gribb’s Free Energy: “Tere ave twee fadoys on Which chemicod veackien depends. By the help ot there thee factors , feaailibi ty @n be determined of a reaction ‘These factore Wes \) OH 2) Temp 3) as + A —>B AGr=4S. (Wot Sepafble) (positive / nen - gpentaneous - X—3Y Be=-3 Geni ble) Cremadive] / MgO + CDa Au 2 WH? tee 4195 Gre! AGT at arek . As -[a6aa3} - (03x13) + (aay) eee ee) = =194 jE 'mol" (aw) HE. = GUE8S Kimnot! (fm) Unet feastle) & Find the tempevahwe at which veaction %& feasible. AGi- DH-TAS T> DH- AG -TAS = AG@- AH AS “T= BG- Au Act DG =O As T>17-0 Os T > 668-6K (Aw) ment (1) = & yA = LE + Altes = 980 +bsHses) 14480 : = Mey 241) Bel = -1\ timol’ Be 2736, Bal IOV 4) we a -\360 4 2-4 Ga (Ov), (5). eT Nedy ~N Boy Bal? Goq)+2044 (oa) BYis\ = - ©2238)4 (160) +2460) - AS ens (oe) Oily = -Gaeso) 4 Cr6so)42(-460) = + GOt{mol | Um) (eat04),) Moot = 42.095) +[- 1920 42 E4605] = HESHAnct! (row) Cvqord2) F Souk, of gyeug(S) buychoxicle doevemses clown the group % the extth alpy change of solution beomes. move Sothevmic - 1 XDoCd fe less gelutole Moon Nock be, ts evsatey . Aw ( scuution % rove, Bomn-Hahey cuple «legs. exothermic. Qu C@ + cata) ua A ¥ &@ ci lep 436 = DG 4 K4122 4420490 ) je rey we -4BG+44 yao | 2A0b = 3621 mol! (4) \ Ve) + SC la) [es KCL s) S _— ~ oS * 2 ANaHCOS(S) —> NoxCOshH COnla)+ oy ‘9) | \ aN [ mn 4a} _ aNa+ th+ cos : —_— Bx-AG1 4 = = 1131-39 ayo. % = +136 Kjrmoi (mw) &S= Sp- Se T> AH = (ase aru aga) - (ax 102) 2 BBY TC moi Uw) 2@-2 Not 2H > QNHa wa BS = S&- Se axiiarail-Liares 3130-65} = 384-6-Sea-4 = -(A8-@ Ju! mol T> BH S282 > H4G2-7K AS ~ 198-8 058 (O2 AS= Se- Se ; = (Aa-1) - ((320-44 se-s)] = ~ 308-3 TiC '\mo!’ T =_3l stores Kk - 20S- 3/0, & GO) +0%) = EP Gno » PO 1 ~G3BE= AUS + \A2+ SQO+ UE + al) BHO | VY, +8us 4% q We - 636-2699 ae %=-251S UImol! Cals) +302 0 (9) S016 /42/ FIM @ Dercrte and explain entiopy of a ge a) temp ie maveared ner +R Wich temp, qas poultcles atin move energy — ne ae eesee ecawe at Wigh temp » dicmclemer, ocveases Btomp © decwased + AE low temp. gps Pauticles wlease energy, Tenhepy of a gps clecreases beaure Pauticles awange themselves in Toa apecihe ovdew uohen; DColaake AS” peer ea) — ants) | raz, er 1935 C'woi AS = Se-Se 22103)- [142+ 131 x3] = -1945\'mel! tim) > Clubote AG”. AG? 2 BH- TAS BG= tve (not feasible) ba >-ve ( fonible) > Dicows sign of AS” Na Coa (s) + H1 (ag) —> Nat (aq) + CO2 @) + HOt) #Enkrepy incevenses Gve) veause solid comet into as and 4% ber more Afserdemers. > Nola) + Hala) —> 203) x entropy clewenses (ve) beate no-of moteutes om the product clewenser - @ Haw weuld the value of AG and hence the Spomtanethy Ceasbttityyo4 this reaction change a» temp incveases AG = AH-TAS aAMW- T x0-19 rb will become more negative a5 T incveases because “DS fs move Magative so veaction become famible. aoredMiy [43 aM2 SG) + CHu(q) <= CS2CQ) + AHL G) BH = +auuiejeno!! a) pre ctict aAhe sign of DS “AS wi be tve 5 because move gas more metes on the prod -uck efde \) Gladate AS with AG@= sicimel' ak (COOK 4G@ 2 SH- TAS TAS = BH-AG AS = AH-bG T = BUI SI > O-14 Kf mole! (hm) oo > MqCOs —> Md + COz BAe 1A DG 2 Ase1as Fensibility of Te aqgk teacton=7 AGe DH-TaAS = UNF - AW LFS 1000 HHU- 8 kfmol *AG fe +ve So veatkion it nen spontaneous and not feastble a 9agk a0\6 fon fay Nia(Oz > Mad + C02 AH = 4 “3 Yan 0-3 aa ase? BG 2? doletevmine Heasibitity as = Cara+ae-Q - 65-4 2145-2 Te! mol AG > AH-TAS = (IF - AAGx ItS-2 100° 2 +6U-Bejmel (Not foasbie at 29g) 20% /0/N/42 Fes Os+3c0 OCLs ares) +3002 AH= -43-Cireoi! & ag a amy (Woes +? AS «(exam + axax- (a0+3008)) = 12S mmol! (ams) ii) OG at aste +7 b@- SH-TaS 743-6 -(aagx iz (000, = 49-2 efmel Feasible) Why a temp of (000°C & wed for mis reaction, while reaction [s spontaneous at 15°C . + Eq & to high : +p speed we te veadction. ' og /F im /4> R-con + NM2-R — > R- Ate 2 4 ‘ R-C 50-4) (nN -Ro+ 9 ts) i“) ~H ane [Le-0) 4 (0-H) + (wt [leapt Hi) [0360 +4004 3403 -a0s +2Uboy) = 1S te{mei! = Uw) 2016 /o/n /43, 2Na HUO3 (s) ——> Naz Coz ds) + COr (9) + HOG) . AH» ROK Gmo1! > Glutate minimum temp. at which this veachion becomes, femible (epoméaneous) . T= AH 2 20 = 4tdyeE Urs) AS O36 > BH = ~6 moi" Minioaum OS =? Reaction is feasible at Teaag T= OH as AS AS = -20-1 TE noi’ (rm) 2018/41 /o/ns/ O- BGraph bebween $ and tem Ff MO bio Ok and 200K ey a mp] ¥ Bond € jes: are igtice enevay, WA N\ Lf “ Le Loe AH=R-P. BH-P-R ges S— qin i’ + JN shower tne oat Bond aay combustion > Enevq veayuired to break 4 mol of a bond tr qaseus state, ; (Bend extaip) Bond energy % bond olicsociotion energy - Ric always enclthevmic. 2002 Join [PAL PbChp Ge) DHp= -359 Pochy W SHF= -323 CO Ug) + Calg) > Clu G) Av=7 AH ~ bonds breken - bonds made = (excrete crJ-(.4 Co — c) 2 (242 +2. (au0i)- C4340) | = - AB igre’. (hn) — » (j AW Pleas (s) + Chat) ——> PbCIs Ww x va\ / ny Pb 4 092 —— -3aq = 359 +Ary Aww = -3294 359 2 +30 Kina (Bw \ acog |mit/e4 x , Fels) —> Feta) + 3C1 (oq) a | DHE ( FeCls —» Fe “+207 Fe Cl3(s) =-399 \ poss foc Jace | Fer? 2 -Vg-6 ima Cae HERD Fe + Ct, __# 1 At. 2 { . BID + AHY = -4R-Se 2tieas PBSN-CR = BIS mo!’ DHy 2-580+1 4399 | BHve? a HIS I 1efrne thy [@ Men +h —> Mcky DmMe= Si ' BH= bend beten - bends mode Bist —c4)+ (ca—ca3] = fu sts) = (8 (360) + aU2)— 4 (260) = AAG Kimmel! (hus) li) Mz Sn BH2(2(sn—Cs) + (CL— CHS] - [Msn cs) = (alas) + aur) - alas) + = 388 ejrmol' (Pun) a0u fom /v43 Yat te —> aHX (Kec w bv) *Dercibe hew ypu wild Guvy cut this vendien. > UU Ughk - > Buy cts and Ho. eww Chr + Hr pur? aHc4 @pwyte Avo ebsewations uhen % & BemNne - Brown gas clicsagpeav (6%) - Misty fumes of HBr ave proctucect - Gentciney becomes hot ®& Qlaulate AH? ip CleCd + HE-H 9 2(H — CA) 3 a= (HH) + (ct-Ch) - 2 (HD 2(436 + 242) -2C431) =- 184 igine [' s) (i) @r-@r + HH > 2 (Her) Bie (193 + 436) -2(366) = -103 Grvo i! Um J > What condities ave vequited when X is Br. = oy uw Ug & vequived. Goleulake DH when X is TL. OH = (436 + ISI) - 2 (29a) =-ll nol Um) > CHy+ Tz —> eI +H Ae? BH = (4(c-H) +@—TY) - (2cc- H) 40 —D + —d) = (4 410) #151) - (30410) . 2404244) = 488 Kjmoi! er ltet~— { “ jes e 2012 /M/T/4I Measurement of enthalpy change J tte (2) Mass of Mg ribbon © (b) Volume /mars of water {c) Temp of water before ignition LZ (a) motes of O2 =. "e) Volume of O2 CX) 4) deusthy of Os » ) temp of wecev attey ignition - 1) OT i= i) & meat \ e-f, - (excess) Two Step reaction and graph. NO2+S02 —>NO+SOs AHs-38 +O of formation of Mg0 snmp No + 402 —> NOz OHe-St 2 ® Ea > Kar al (Wf ag \ ¢ NO2+S02 \ i W*\ 7 “Te No* S03 +402 ke Noz+S03 tiene /5

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