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Bushed Pin Flexible Coupling Design Analysis

This document summarizes a research paper that analytically designs and simulates a bushed pin flexible coupling using Solidworks. The paper outlines the methodology, which includes: 1. Creating CAD models of the coupling components. 2. Analytically designing the coupling based on given parameters like torque load and shaft diameter. 3. Meshing the coupling components for finite element analysis in Solidworks Simulation. The paper aims to improve coupling performance by testing different bush materials and visualizing stress/deformation points.
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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
24 views9 pages

Bushed Pin Flexible Coupling Design Analysis

This document summarizes a research paper that analytically designs and simulates a bushed pin flexible coupling using Solidworks. The paper outlines the methodology, which includes: 1. Creating CAD models of the coupling components. 2. Analytically designing the coupling based on given parameters like torque load and shaft diameter. 3. Meshing the coupling components for finite element analysis in Solidworks Simulation. The paper aims to improve coupling performance by testing different bush materials and visualizing stress/deformation points.
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

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Design and Analysis of Bushed Pin Flexible Coupling

Article · April 2017

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Timur Choban Khidir


Kirkuk University
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International Journal of All Research Education and Scientific Methods
(IJARESM) ISSN: 2455-6211, Volume 5, Issue 4, April 2017, Impact Factor: 2.287

Design and Analysis of Bushed Pin Flexible


Coupling
Timur Choban Khidir

Kirkuk University / College of Engineering - Mechanical Dept.

ABSTRACT

In this research, Design of bushed pin flexible coupling by using the standard equation for design and
applying finite amount of torque for testing purposes to find the main deformation in the couplings thus
trying to improve the design for maximizing the bearing effect for the coupling body and that’s by using
the Solidworks simulation in order to visualize the failure spots on the body. For extra testing we applied
a maximum torque with both bushed rubber and brass, single bush (Brass, Rubber, and Aluminum) and
a solid pin for comparing the results to find the optimum design.

Keywords: Design, Solidworks, Flexible coupling, Rubber and brass bushed, single bush.

I. INTRODUCTION

Bush pin type flange coupling is used to connect of shafts which having a small parallel misalignment, angular
misalignment or axial misalignment. This is a modification of the protected type flange coupling which has pins
(covered by rubber or leather bushes) and it works with coupling bolts. Generally it is used to assemble electric
motors and machines. [1].

In the engines there is a cylindrical flange coupling to union assembled parts. The sensitive piece is a flange to
the parameters like moment, torque, etc. Normally the coupling problems treated as a beam theory. As we know
in mechanical engineering the coupling is used for connection of two shafts to transmit the power. In gear unit
applications the rigid coupling is designed especially for this purpose. [2].

The parameters that effect to the flange and nut-bolts deformation are force and contact stiffness factor. To
study effect of parameters like normal stiffness, the pretension force and friction coefficient under external loads
the simulations of model bolted joint were carried out, ANSYS 14 software used for this simulation. To obtain
accurate results we need a predefined process in this program. In flanged and nut-bolted jointed we can see the
force and stress have direct proportional relation. [3].

In this study, the flanged join is modeled and simulated by using Solidwork v. 2016 .the finite element analysis
procedure required in Solidwork simulation is presented as a predefined process to obtain accurate results.

For the first procedure the coupling is designed as a solution of the given example which finds the dimensions
for the main coupling body and its parts, the simulation is applied on the designed coupling by using Solidwork
model designer and solidwork Simulation add-on for better results on the main stress and deformation areas that
obtained from main acting forces, as a results from the solution of the problem.

The procedure is also aims improving the coupling performance and reducing the stress by applying different
bushes with different materials, for this study only (Rubber, Brass, Aluminum and solid pin alone) is used for
the test.

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International Journal of All Research Education and Scientific Methods
(IJARESM) ISSN: 2455-6211, Volume 5, Issue 4, April 2017, Impact Factor: 2.287

II. METHODOLOGY:

A. CAD-Models

Fig. 1: Front view of CAD model of Fig. 2: Isometric view of CAD


model bushed pin flexible coupling of bushed pin flexible coupling

The solid model of bearing component is created in SOLIDWORKS V. 2016 software.

B. Analytical Design of Bushed pin flexible coupling

To design a bushed-pin type flexible coupling for alloy steel shaft transmitting 40 Kw at 1000 r.p.m. The
bearing pressure in the rubber bush and allowable shear stress in the pins are to be 0.45 N/mm 2, 25 Mpa and the
Diameter of shaft is 50 mm. [4]. To calculate different Stresses in it we will follow:

Given data,

P = 40× 103 W; N = 1000 r.p.m.; d = 50 mm


The torque transmitted by the shaft,
T = (p×60)/ (2πN) = (40×1000×60)/ (2π×1000) = 382.16×103 [Link]
Considering the shaft in shearing
T = π × τ s × d3
16
382.16×103 = π
× τ × 503
s
16
τs = 15.57 MPa (shear stress induced in shaft)

Design for hub

Outer diameter of the hub (D) = 2d = 100 mm


Length of hub (L) = 1.5 d = 75 mm
Shear stress induced in hub by considering it as hollow shaft.
T= π ×τ
D4 − d4
c [ D ]
16
382.16×10 = × τ
3 π
100 4− 504
c [ ]
16 100
τc = 2.0797 Mpa

Design for key

Width of key (w) = 16 mm


Thickness of key (t) = 10 mm
Length of key (L) = 1.5 d = 75 mm
Considering the key in shearing
T = L× w× τk × d
2
382.16×10 3 = 75× 16× τk 50
× 2

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International Journal of All Research Education and Scientific Methods
(IJARESM) ISSN: 2455-6211, Volume 5, Issue 4, April 2017, Impact Factor: 2.287

τk = 12.738 MPa

4
International Journal of All Research Education and Scientific Methods
(IJARESM) ISSN: 2455-6211, Volume 5, Issue 4, April 2017, Impact Factor: 2.287

Considering the key in crushing


T = L× t × σ × d
2 ck 2
382.16×10 3 = 75× 10 × σ
50
2
×
ck 2
σck = 40.763 MPa

Design for flange

Thickness
2 of flange (tf) = 0.5d = 25 mm Shear stress in flange
T=πD ×τ ×t
c f 2
2
382.16 × 103 = π 100 × τ × 25
2 c
τc = 0.97 MPa

Design for bolt

d = Nominal diameter of bolts = 0.5 d


= 10.2 mm √n
1
In order to allow for the bending stress induced due to the compressibility of the rubber bush, the diameter of the
pin (d1) may be taken as 20 mm.
d = diameter of the shaft = 50 mm
Number of pins (n) = 6

The length of the pin of least diameter d1 = 20 mm is threaded and secured in the right hand coupling half by a
standard nut and washer. The enlarged portion of the pin which is in the left hand coupling half is made of 24
mm diameter. On the enlarged portion, a brass bush of thickness 2 mm is pressed. A brass bush carries a rubber
bush. Assume the thickness of rubber bush as 6 mm. Overall diameter (d2) of rubber bush,
d2 = 24 + 2×2 + 2×6 = 40 mm
Diameter of the pitch circle of the pins (D1) = 2 d + d2 + 2× n = 152 mm
Outside diameter of flange (D2) = 4d = 4×50 = 200 mm
W = pb × d2 × l, where (l) is length of the bush in the flange
W = 0.45 × 40 × l =18 l N
T = W× n× D1/2
382.16×103 = 18 l×6×152/2
l = 46.5 mm say 50 mm
W =18l = 900 N
DirectWstress due to pure torsion in the coupling halves,
τ=π 900 = 2.86 N/mm2
=
(d1)2 π (20)2
4 4
Since the induced shear stress in the shaft is less than 25 MPa therefore the design is safe.

Meshing of bushed pin flexible coupling

In this work, SOLIDWORK SIMULATION is used for a meshing of bushed pin flexible coupling. It creates
sufficient smooth meshing as shown in figures below.

Fig. 3: Meshing of hub Fig. 4: Meshing of shaft


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International Journal of All Research Education and Scientific Methods
(IJARESM) ISSN: 2455-6211, Volume 5, Issue 4, April 2017, Impact Factor: 2.287

The flange coupling body is made of Gray Cast iron C.(A48) with maximum shear and tensile strength 50000
N/mm2 , 151.658N/mm2 respectively the two part are connected with pin bushed bolts and fixed on the shaft
with key .

The shaft used on the test is made of alloy steel type (SS) with max tensile stress of 723.8 N/mm2 is connected
with the coupling by using gib head key.

Fig. 5: Meshing of Nut-Pin- Bushed assembly Fig. 6: Meshing of keys

The assembly of Nut-Pin contains two bushed where made out of Brass and Rubber with thickness of 2 mm and
6 mm consequently which absorbs the main share force acting on the pin neck, and pin itself is made of steel
which can withstand a high shear stress.

The used Gib Head Key is rectangular in cross section having a head at the large end. The head makes it easier
to remove the key from the hub and shaft. The slot for gib head key must have an open end to permit assembly.
For this reason it is placed at the end of a shaft.

Fig. 7: Meshing of bushed pin flexible coupling

C. Boundary condition

A fix support is used to fix a flange from one end.

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International Journal of All Research Education and Scientific Methods
(IJARESM) ISSN: 2455-6211, Volume 5, Issue 4, April 2017, Impact Factor: 2.287

Fig. 8: Fixed point

D. Analysis:

Test of bushed pin flexible coupling (Both Brass and Rubber bushed).
Test by applying torque at (T = 382.16 N.m obtained from the calculation).

Fig. 9: Equivalent stress of bushed Fig. 10: Total deformation of bushed


pin flexible coupling pin flexible coupling

E. Further Analysis test

Failure test by applying high torque at (T = 1000 N.m)

Fig. 11: Equivalent stress of bushed Fig. 12: Total deformation of bushed
pin flexible coupling pin flexible coupling

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International Journal of All Research Education and Scientific Methods
(IJARESM) ISSN: 2455-6211, Volume 5, Issue 4, April 2017, Impact Factor: 2.287

Replacing Both Brass and Rubber bushed with

 Only Brass bush with thickness of 8 mm shown in Fig.13


 Only Rubber bush with thickness of 8 mm shown in Fig.14
 Using Aluminum bush with thickness of 8 mm Fig.15
 Solid pin attached to the pin hole shown in Fig.16

Equivalent stress Total deformation

Fig. 13: Brass Bush on high Torque test (T = 1000 N.m)

Equivalent stress Total deformation

Fig. 14: Rubber Bush on high Torque test (T = 1000 N.m)

Equivalent stress Total deformation

Fig. 15: Aluminum Bush on high Torque test (T = 1000 N.m)

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International Journal of All Research Education and Scientific Methods
(IJARESM) ISSN: 2455-6211, Volume 5, Issue 4, April 2017, Impact Factor: 2.287

Equivalent stress Total deformation

Fig. 16: Solid Bolt on high Torque test (T = 1000 N.m)

IV. Results and Discussion

Further test applied on the couplings by accessing torque applied on the free end, the material limit is showing
the optimum results on the failure possibilities when change of the bush types or removing it, thus to find the
main deformation that occurs in the main coupling body that happens when using different bush like Brass,
Rubber and Aluminum or removing it completely. Brass bush shows that the both sides of the coupling deforms
with small amount of change due to twisting, while in the Rubber bush the deformation is less and the torque
loss is high as acts like dumper and spring which causes vibrations, while the Aluminum do not shows any
difference compared to the brass as it also causes much deformation and stress for the coupling, thus the
optimum solution is using both Brass and Rubber together to get the best result.

REFERENCES

[1]. Wikipedia, [Link]


[2]. Shivaji G. Chavan, Stress Analysis of Flanged Joint Using Finite Element Method, International Journal of Science
and Research (IJSR) ISSN (Online): 2319-7064 Volume 3 Issue 8, August 2014.
[3]. Swati N. Datey, S.D. Khamankar, Hershel C. Kuttarmare, Finite Element Analysis of Universal Joint of IOSR.
[4]. Machine Design – R.S. Khurmi.

AUTHOR

TIMUR CHOBAN KHIDIR


[Link]. University of Technology–Baghdad / Mech. Eng. – 2005
MsD. Gazi University (Ankara) / Turkey – 2010
Specialist: Applied mechanic
Lecturer in College of Engineering / Kirkuk University

View publication

Common questions

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Finite Element Analysis (FEA) plays a crucial role in improving stress distribution in bushed pin flexible couplings by providing detailed insights into how stresses are distributed under various loading conditions. By using FEA, engineers can simulate the coupling’s behavior with different materials and bush configurations, allowing them to identify potential high-stress areas and optimize the design to prevent failure. FEA enables the modeling of complex interactions between coupling components, leading to improved designs that enhance load-bearing capacity while minimizing deformation. This analytical tool is essential for validating theoretical designs and ensuring that the coupling can perform reliably in real-world applications .

To maximize the bearing effect on the coupling body, the study proposes using Solidworks simulation to identify failure spots and improve the design accordingly. It suggests experimenting with different materials for the bush, such as rubber, brass, and aluminum, to find an optimal combination that balances flexibility and structural integrity. By adjusting these parameters, the study aims to enhance the coupling’s load-bearing capacity, reduce stress concentrations, and improve overall reliability and performance under varying torque conditions .

Using Solidworks simulation in the design and analysis of flanged couplings provides significant benefits. It allows for detailed visualization of stress and deformation distribution across the coupling, which aids in identifying failure spots effectively. The simulation assists in applying theoretical forces and observing real-time responses, enhancing the predictive accuracy of the performance under operational conditions. By using this software, designers can experiment with different materials and dimensions, optimizing the coupling design for specific applications. However, the accuracy of these simulations depends on the precision of input parameters and assumptions, necessitating careful setup and validation against experimental data .

The study assessed deformation and stress distributions in bushed pin flexible couplings using finite element analysis (FEA) via Solidworks simulation. The simulation models considered various parameters, including the material properties of rubber, brass, and aluminum bushes. Torque was applied to evaluate how each material affected stress distribution and deformation, particularly at high torque levels. Results showed distinct differences in performance, such as the higher vibration damping of rubber and the structural stability provided by brass under load conditions. These insights were essential for tuning the material selection and geometry to optimize coupling performance .

Considering both shear stress and material deformation in the design of mechanical couplings is critical because these factors directly influence the structural integrity and performance of the coupling under load. Shear stress affects how the material withstands forces parallel to its surface, which can lead to material failure if not adequately designed. Material deformation, on the other hand, affects the operational stability and alignment of the coupling. Large deformations can lead to misalignments, increased wear, and eventual mechanical failure. Therefore, analyzing and optimizing both aspects ensures that the coupling remains functionally robust under expected operational conditions .

The geometry of a bushed pin flexible coupling significantly affects its ability to accommodate angular misalignment. The coupling’s design typically features flexible pins and bushes that can slightly deform, thus allowing shafts to align more effectively during operation. The spacing, size, and arrangement of these pins influence how much angular deviation the coupling can handle before stress levels become critical. Additionally, the flexibility introduced by rubber or similar materials in the bushes further accommodates angular variances, dampening any resultant vibrations and minimizing wear on connecting shafts. This intrinsic flexibility is key for applications where precision alignment is difficult to maintain .

Pin diameter and material selection significantly impact the mechanical efficiency of bushed pin flexible couplings. Larger pin diameters generally provide greater strength and reduced shear stress, making the coupling more robust and capable of handling higher loads. However, increased pin diameter may also introduce additional inertia and increased weight. Material selection affects both the mechanical strength and the damping characteristics of the coupling. For example, a steel pin offers high shear strength, which is beneficial for load-bearing capacity, whereas a pin made from a more ductile material might offer better vibration damping capabilities. Striking a balance between diameter and material choice is essential for optimizing efficiency and functionality .

Bushed pin flexible coupling addresses challenges related to the connection of shafts with small parallel, angular, or axial misalignments in mechanical systems. It allows for the transmission of power while accommodating these misalignments due to its flexible design, which employs pins covered by rubber or leather bushes. This flexibility helps in reducing stress and avoiding failures associated with rigid connections, which can be particularly useful in applications like coupling electric motors with machines where precision in alignment may not always be achievable .

The performance of bushed pin flexible couplings varies significantly with different bush materials and torque conditions. Rubber bushes act as dampers and springs, leading to high torque loss and vibration reduction, making them suitable for situations where vibration isolation is crucial. In contrast, brass bushes exhibit smaller deformations under torque, providing better dimensional stability but less damping compared to rubber. Aluminum bushes show similar deformation levels to brass but lead to higher stress on the coupling. The optimal configuration combines both brass and rubber bushes, balancing between deformation and vibration isolation .

Using a combination of brass and rubber bushes in bushed pin couplings offers several benefits and potential drawbacks. The combination leverages rubber’s damping properties with brass’s structural strength, providing a balance between vibration reduction and load support. This makes the coupling well-suited for dynamic applications where both rigidity and flexibility are required. However, this multi-material approach can lead to complexities in manufacturing and may require additional considerations in design, such as ensuring even load distribution between the materials to prevent premature failure. Additionally, differential thermal expansion rates can pose challenges in maintaining integrity under varying temperatures .

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