Zien Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities ISSN NO: 2769-996X

[Link] Date of Publication: 16-12-2021

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Grammatical Construction on Adjective Clause Found in

Arthur Conan Doyle’s Novel ‘Study in Scarlet’
Nurhasanah Ritonga1, Mayasari2
English Department Faculty of Language and Communication, Universitas Harapan Medan
nurhasanahritonga96@gmail.com1, [Link]@[Link].id2

Abstract:This research focused on the grammatical construction on adjective clause found in Arthur Conan
Doyle’s novel ‘Study in Scarlet’. The theory of this research used William O’grady (1997) and Chaer (2013)
theory. The research design used was qualitative design. The researchers conducted this research in
descriptive which explain the research with making table and some sentence for explain. Data were taken
from study in scarlet novel. The researchers used library research to acquire data by reading and finding
material from journals, books, blogs, and articles. about everything that has to do with grammatical
categories, adjective clauses, or relative pronouns, which is the major purpose of this research. The
sentences from the novel were taken and analyzed through the grammatical construction on adjective clause.
After analyzing the data, the researchers discovered twenty-six adjective clauses from the novel with the
British dialect.

Keywords: Adjective Clause, Clause, Grammatical Construction, Syntax,

Introduction
Linguistic is the scientific study of human language. It tries first, to observe languages and to
describe them accurately, then to find generalizations within what has been described. Finally, to draw
conclusions about the general nature of human language which we know that languages of the world are very
numerous. Every language has certain characteristics and patterns, which distinguish it from language other
however, of the differences, it will still be found there are equations that are universal. It is the universal
characteristic of the language which is the material for linguistic studies. In line with his general studies,
naming linguistics as a science is slowly changing to general linguistics.
According to Thao and Herman (2021), linguistic is the word meaning relating to language. So
that’s mean linguistic is study about language. For this reason, linguistic studies itself has many field
specifications and sub-derivatives that specialize in studying elements of language in deeper, in linguistic
every language has different sentences and meanings so that in every language it has a grammar structures,
grammar is structural rules that govern the composition of clauses, phrases and words in any given natural
language. In the meaning and understanding of linguistics from the meaning of meanings and arguments or
expert who prove the truth, it turns out that it has so many branches and rules that are found in a language
especially in structure in sentence. Sentence is a group of words which contain. And sometimes every words
have different meaning every place often find it in sentence and phrase.
Grammatical construction is the way of arranging words for function to different words between
sentences and phrase. identify every word which function to known meaning of the word. So it’s grammatical
construction explain the different in every word between a sentence and phrase. According to Ramadhan,
Widisanti, and Rejeki (2019), grammatical construction is the relationship of one word to others words.
According to Herman, van Thao and Purba (2021), sentence is the strings of words that begins the capital
letter and ends in full stop or final intonation (.). Sentence has four type, there are: simple sentence, compound
sentence, complex sentence and compound complex sentence. and the types are the part of clause
Clause is one of grammar that’s mean is a group of words that usually contains a (subject and
predicate. Clause are group of sentences, above there are simple sentence, compound sentence, complex
sentence and compound complex sentence all of them are clause. For grammar clause is a builder a good
sentence in language especially English language. Sumardi and Said (2020) defined clause is a grammatical
unit in the form of a combination of words which at least consists of a subject and a predicate. Clause come

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in two types main clause and subordinate clause both of them are organize in verb. Main clause can stand in
their own word and make a complete sentence.
In English main clause considers as independent clause and independent clause have some examples
which are take pen in the bag, the box is big, cats are hungry. Subordinate clause can’t stand in their own word
so it can’t make complete sentence. Subordinate clause or dependent clause have a verb and arguments or
complements. In the compilation of sentences in the subordinate clause at the beginning of subordinating
conjunction which are because, after, whereas, wherever, if, when, until, although, whether, since or relative
pronouns which are that, which, who whom and whose. Examples which are whose car is new, because she
did homework last night, after you work in Germany. Of the two there are similarities and differences that are
so clear that they can be easily understood. Subordinate clause has three types which are noun clause, adjective
clause and adverb clause.
Adjective clause is one of subordinate clause, adjectives clause is providing something related to the
noun in the main clause and usually use a relative pronoun. According to Hidayah (2021), adjective clause is
a kind of dependent clause, it provides additional information about a noun phrase in the main clause. The
relative pronoun in adjective clause are who, whom, whose, that and which as a sentence connector. Example:
he bought the flower to the lady who wore the red dress. From the example a sentence of he bought the flower
to the lady is the main clause and the sentence who wore the red dress is adjective clause. The researchers
interested when learn deep of grammar in clause especially adjective clause and The Researchers think like
adjective clause is only can learn in clause’s lesson it can make be boring to soon but how it can study adjective
clause from what the book we like. The Researchers like classic novel entitled “A Study in Scarlet”. Where is
Holmes’s character is a brilliant detective and have a sharp brain, who make the reader be amazed so much.
A study in scarlet is a novel which is the object of analysis of adjective clause from this interesting
novel. The researchers think that how is interesting lesson clause from this novel so can say that by having
this research, many people get so much lesson from this novel not only lesson which get from the story but
get the deep lesson too can study adjective clause-based grammar.

Method Of The Research

Research Design
In this research, the researchers used qualitative research as the research data, the qualitative
research is analysis of theory for deeper a knowledge in explaining research. The perfect research is the perfect
data; data is the point at all and data is interesting knowledge for all people who haven’t known about the
research. According to Sihombing et al (2021), qualitative research is the researchers’ efforts to collect data
based on natural settings (Herman, 2015). Because it is done naturally and the result of the research are also
scientific and can be accounted for.
Then the researchers use qualitative research to easy explanation about this research. Qualitative
research is research which we make a sentence explanation or paragraph sentence which we get the source
from written source like books, journal, article, internet and the other. Then submit the data. The descriptive
research analyzes subordinate clause based adjective clause or relative clause from a novel by Sir Arthur
Conan Doyle with the title is A Study in Scarlet then determine the lexical categories in tree diagram. The
purpose this research to make the reader know and understanding about what is actually sentence and how to
build the sentence for get exercise in your brain.

Data Collection Procedures

Data Collection is point research or purpose of research which contain knowledge for explain what
purpose the research at all. Data for this research is by collecting and determine sentence which found in novel
“A Study in Scarlet”. Simanjuntak et al (2021) revealed that instrument in collecting data is tool that is used
by researchers to help them in collecting data in order to make it more systematic and easier.
For collect data collection the researchers used the library research with reading and finding
information from journals, books, blogs, and articles. about all something which relation about grammatical
categories and adjective clause or relative pronoun which all the main point of this research. Library research
data collecting is finding some sources and studying the source which relation with her research. The
Researchers use this method because her research doesn’t come to field or other outside but only gather data
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which obtain her research. According to Nazim (1988) as cited in Herman and Pardede (2020), library research
data collection is doing review books, note and various reports which related to the problem to be solve. A
Study in Scarlet novel by Arthur Conan Doyle this novel is object for this research for analyze adjective clause
and grammatical categories.

Data Analysis Procedures

Data analysis procedure is the rule or the step data which will available in this research or about how
the data can serve for the begin till the end with complete explanation. According to Purba et al (2021), data
analysis is activities in data analysis are grouping data based on variables and types of respondents, tabulating
data based on variables from all respondents, presenting data for each variable studied, performing
calculations to answer the problem formulation and performing calculations to test the proposed hypothesis
(Pakpahan et al, 2020).
After collect all data or after all data has available then The Researchers analyze them with descriptive
analysis method to perfect the point.
Descriptive analysis method is a method the data which has done analysis put be an explanation in
paragraph. According to Sinaga et al (2021), descriptive analysis method is statistic which use to analyze data
by describing or showing the data that has been collected as it is without intending to make conclusions that
apply to the public or generalizations (Thao, Herman and Purba, 2020).
The following are the data analysis procedures methodologies for this study is detail:
1. Reading and searching the clause or subordinate clause based adjective clause in novel sir
Arthur Conan Doyle with title A Study In Scarlet.
2. Determining grammatical construction at all sentence which had found
3. Explaining the shape of grammatical construction in the sentence
4. The last was drawing explanation and conclusion.

Research Findings And Discussion

A. Analysis the grammatical construction and adjective clause in A study in scarlet.
1. I should have fallen into the hands of the murderous Ghazis had it not been for the devotion and courage
shown by Murray, my orderly, who threw me across a pack-horse and succeeded in bringing me safely to the
British lines. (Page.01)
Underlines : Adjective clause
Grammatical Word : Devotion, orderly, threw, across, pack and lines

No Basic Word Grammatical construction on adjective clause’s

English to Indonesia sentence find in novel Study in scarlet
1. Devotion: ‘Kesetian’ The meaning of word devotion is ‘Berani’

Table number one above shows that the word of devotion as ‘kesetiaan’ doesn’t connect if make it in sentence
because the word of devotion as ‘Berani’ is more suitable and connect to sentence.

2. Orderly:‘Permintaan’ The meaning of word orderly is ‘Mantri’

Table number two above shows that the word of orderly as ‘permintaan’ doesn’t connect if make it in sentence
because the word of orderly as ‘Mantri’ is more suitable and connect to sentence.

3. Threw: ‘Melempar’ The meaning of word threw is ‘Membawa’

Table number three above shows that the word of threw as ‘Melempar’ doesn’t connect if make it in sentence
because the word of threw as ‘Membawa’ is more suitable and connect to sentence.

4. Across: ‘Menyeberang’ The meaning of word across is ‘ Ke atas’

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Table number four above shows that the word of across as ‘Menyeberang’ doesn’t connect if make it in
sentence because the word of across as ‘ Ke atas’ is more suitable and connect to sentence.

5. Pack: ‘Mengemas’ The meaning of word pack is‘Pundak’

Table number five above shows that the word of pack as ‘Mengemas’ doesn’t connect if make it in sentence
because the word of pack as ‘Pundak’ is more suitable and connect to sentence.

6. Line: ‘Garis/Batas’ The meaning of word line is ‘Wilayah’

Table number six above shows that the word of line as ‘Garis/Batas’ doesn’t connect if make it in sentence
because the word of line as ‘Wilayah’ is more suitable and connect to sentence.

2. Stamford gave me a few particulars about the gentleman whom I proposed to take as a fellow-lodger. (Page
04)
Underline: Adjective clause
Grammatical Word: Particular

No. Basic word Grammatical construction on adjective

English to Indonesia clause’s sentence find in novel Study in scarlet
7 Particular: ‘Tertentu’ The meaning of word particular is ‘Singgungan’

Table number seven above shows that the word of particular as ‘Tertentu’ doesn’t connect if make it in
sentence because the word of particular as ‘Singgungan’ is more suitable and connect to sentence.

3. I felt rather indignant at having two characters whom I had admired treated in this cavalier style. (Page 19)
Underline: Adjective clause
Grammatical construction: Treated

No. Basic Word Grammatical construction on adjective

English to Indonesia clause’s sentence find in novel Study in scarlet
8 Treated: ‘Melayani’ The meaning of word particular is ‘Dicela’

Table number eight above shows that the word of treated as ‘Melayani’ doesn’t connect if make it in sentence
because the word of treated as ‘Dicela’ is more suitable and connect to sentence.

4. The man whom we were watching caught sight of the number on our door and rapidly across the roadway.
We heard a loud knock, a deep voice below and heavy steps ascending the stair. (Page 20)
Underline: Adjective clause
Grammatical construction: Caught

No. Basic Word Grammatical construction on adjective clause’s

English to Indonesia sentence find in novel Study in scarlet
9 Caught ‘Tertangkap’ The meaning of word Caught ’Mengawasi’

Table number nine above shows that the word of caught as ‘Tertangkap’ doesn’t connect if make it in sentence
because the word of caught ‘Mengawasi’ is more suitable and connect to sentence.

5. At my summons, instead of the man of violence whom we expected a very old and wrinkled woman hobbled
into the apartment. (Page 44)

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Underline: Adjective clause
Grammatical construction: Summons

No. Basic of Word Grammatical construction on adjective clause’s

English to Indonesia sentence find in novel Study in scarlet
10. Summons: ‘Panggilan’ The meaning of word summons is ‘Dugaan’

Table number ten above shows that the word of summons as ‘Panggilan’ doesn’t connect if make it in sentence
because the word of summons as ‘Dugaan’ is more suitable and connect to sentence.

6. It shows that the man we are after is not as lonely as I imagined he was but has friends who are ready to
risk something for him. (Page 47)
Underline: Adjective clause
Grammatical construction : Something

No. Basic Word Grammatical construction on adjective

English to Indonesian clause’s sentence find in novel Study in scarlet
11. Something: ‘Sesuatu’ The meaning of word something is ‘Mengambil’

Table number eleven above shows that the word of something as ‘Sesuatu’ doesn’t connect if make it in
sentence because the word of something as ‘Mengambil’ is more suitable and connect to sentence.

7. The deceased was an American gentleman who had been residing for some weeks in the metropolis.
Underline: Adjective clause
Grammatical construction: Deceased

No Basic Word Grammatical construction on adjective

English to Indonesia clause’s sentence find in novel Study in
scarlet
12. Deceased: ‘ Yang Meninggal’ The meaning of word deceased is ‘Korban’

Table number twelve above shows that the word of deceased as ‘yang meninggal’ doesn’t connect if make it
in sentence because the word of deceased as ‘Korban’ is more suitable and connect to sentence.

8. Fixing her with my eye in a way which I always found effective with women, I asked her at what hour her
son returned. (Page 56)
Underline: Adjective clause
Grammatical construction: Fixing, in a way.

No. Basic Word Grammatical construction on adjective clause’s

English to Indonesia sentence find in novel Study in scarlet
13. Fixing: ‘Memperbaiki’ The meaning of word fixing is ‘Menatap’

Table number thirteen above shows that the word of fixing as ‘memperbaiki’ doesn’t connect if make it in
sentence because the word of fixing as ‘Menatap’ is more suitable and connect to sentence.
14. In a way: ‘Dengan cara’ The meaning of word in a way ‘Tajam’
Table number fourteen above shows that the word of in a way as ‘Dengan cara’ doesn’t connect if make it in
sentence because the word of in the way as ‘Tajam’ is more suitable and connect to sentence.

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9. I stared in silence at Sherlock Holmes whose lips were compressed and his brows drawn over his eyes.
(Page 59)
Underline: Adjective clause
Grammatical construction: Compressed, drawn over.

No. Basic Word Grammatical construction on adjective

English to Indonesia clause’s sentence find in novel Study in scarlet
15. Compressed: ‘Tertekan’ The meaning of word compressed is ‘Terkatup’
Table number fifteen above shows that the word of compressed as ‘Tertekan’ doesn’t connect if make it in
sentence because the word of compressed as ‘Terkatup’ is more suitable and connect to sentence.

10. No doubt you are the gentleman whom he was expecting, they said. (Page 60)
Underline: Adjective clause
Grammatical construction: Expecting.

No. Basic word Grammatical construction on adjective

English to Indonesia clause’s sentence find in novel Study in scarlet.
16. Expecting: ‘Diharap’ The meaning of word expecting is ‘Ditunggu’

Table number sixteen above shows that the word of expecting as ‘Diharap’ doesn’t connect if make it in
sentence because the word of expecting as ‘Ditunggu’ is more suitable and connect to sentence.

11. The boots recognized him at once as being the same gentleman who had engaged the room under the name
of joseph stragerson. (Page 60)
Underline: Adjective clause
Grammatical construction: Engaged

No. Basic Word Grammatical construction on adjective

English to Indonesia clause’s sentence find in novel Study in scarlet
17. Engaged: ‘Bertunangan’ The meaning of word of engaged is ‘Menyewa’

Table number seventeen above shows that the word of engaged as ‘Bertungan’ doesn’t connect if make it in
sentence because the word of engaged as ‘Menyewa’ is more suitable and connect to sentence.

12. The very pills which I suspected in the case of drebber are actually found after the death of
stangerson.(Page 64)
Underline: Adjective clause
Grammatical construction: Suspected

No. Basic Word Grammatical construction on adjective clause’s

English to Indonesia sentence find in novel Study in scarlet
18. Suspected: ‘Tersangka’ The meaning of word suspected is ‘Duga’

Table number eighteen above shows that the word of suspected as ‘Tersangka’ doesn’t connect if make it in
sentence because the word suspected as ‘Duga’ is more suitable and connect to sentence
.
13. For fifteen hundred miles one may trace this ghastly carayan route by these scattered remains of those who
had fallen by the wayside. (Page 70)
Underline: Adjective clause
Grammatical construction : Scattered

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No. Basic Word Grammatical construction on adjective clause’s
English to Indonesia sentence find in novel Study in scarlet
19. Scattered: ‘Berantakan’ The meaning of Scattered is ‘Tebaran tulang-
tulang’

Table number nineteen above shows that the word of scattered as ‘Berantakan’ doesn’t connect if make it in
sentence because the word of scattered as ‘Tebaran Tulang-tulang’ is more suitable and connect to sentence.

14. While the hand which grasped his rifle was hardly more fleshy than of a skeleton.
Underline :Adjective clause
Grammatical construction: Hardly

No. Basic Word Grammatical construction on adjective

English to Indonesia clause’s sentence find in novel Study in scarlet.
20. Hardly: ‘Dengan Keras’ The meaning of Hardly is ‘Hampir Hampir’

Table number twenty above shows that the mean of word hardly as ‘Dengan Keras’ doesn’t connect if make
it in sentence because the word of hardly as ‘Hampir-Hampir’ is more suitable and connect to sentence.

15. He unwrapped the shawl and extricated a pretty little girl of about five years of age whose dainty shoes
and smart pink frock with its little linen apron all bespoke a mother’s care. (Page 71)
Underline: Adjective clause

Grammatical construction: Shawl, extricate

No. Basic Word Grammatical construction on adjective clause’s

English to Indonesia sentence find in novel Study in scarlet
21. Shawl:‘Syal’ The meaning of shawl is ‘Buntalan Kain’

Table number twenty one above shows that the word of shawl as ‘Syal’ doesn’t connect if make it in sentence
because the word as shawl as ‘Buntalan kain’ is more suitable and connect to sentence.

22. Extricate: ‘Melepaskan’ The meaning of the word extricate is

‘Mengeluarkan’

Table number twenty two above shows that the word of extricate as ‘Melepaskan’ doesn’t connect if make it
in sentence because the word of extricate as ‘Mengeluarkan’ is more suitable and connect to sentence.

16. She was still rubbing the towsy golden curls which covered the back of her head. (Page 71)
Underline: Adjective clause

Grammatical construction: Towsy golden

No Basic Word Grammatical construction on adjective clause’s

English to Indonesia sentence find in novel Study in scarlet
23. Towsy golden: ‘Rambut The meaning of the word towsy golden is ‘Rambut
emas’ pirang’

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Table number twenty three above shows that the word of towsy golden as ‘Rambut emas’ doesn’t connect if
make it in sentence because the word of towsy golden as ‘Rambut Pirang’ is more suitable and connect to
sentence.

17. Innumerable women who staggered along under burdens (Page 75)
Underline: Adjective clause.

Grammatical construction: Along under.

No. Basic Word Grammatical construction on adjective clause’s

English to Indonesian sentence find in novel Study in scarlet
24. Along under: The meaning of the word along under is
‘Sepanjang bawah’ ‘Membawa’

Table number twenty four above shows that the word of along under as ‘Sepanjang bawah’ doesn’t connect if
make it in sentence because the word of along under as ‘Membawa’ is more suitable and connect to sentence.

18. Children who toddled beside the wagons or peeped out from under the white coverings. (Page 75)
Underline: Adjective clause
Grammatical construction: Toddled, under and covering.

No. Basic Word Grammatical construction on adjective

English to Indonesian clause’s sentence find in novel Study in scarlet
25. Toddled: ‘Memanjat’ The meaning of the word Toddled is
‘Bergantungan’
Table number twenty five above shows that the word of toddled as ‘Memanjat’ doesn’t connect if make it in
sentence because the word of toddled as ‘Bergantungan’ is more suitable and connect to sentence.

26. Under: ‘Dibawah’ The meaning of the word under is ‘Balik’

Table number twenty six above shows that the word of under as ‘Dibawah’ doesn’t connect if make it in
sentence because the word of under as ‘Balik’ is more suitable and connect to sentence.

27. Covering: ‘Penutup’ The meaning of the word covering is ‘Kanvas’

Table number twenty seven above shows that the word of the covering as ‘Penutup’ doesn’t connect if make
in in sentence because the word of covering as ‘Kanvas’ is more suitable and connect to sentence.

19. The young man who had first given the alarm was leading them. (Page76)
Underline: Adjective clause
Grammatical construction: Given and alarm

No. Basic Word Grammatical construction on adjective

English to Indonesian clause’s sentence find in novel Study in scarlet
28. Given:’Memberi’ The meaning of the word given is ‘Melihat’

Table number twenty eight above shows that the word of given as ‘Memberi’ doesn’t connect if make it in
sentence because the word of given as ‘Melihat’ is more suitable and connect to sentence.

29. Alarm: ‘Pemberitahuan’ The meaning of word alarm is ‘Merah muda’

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Table number twenty nine above shows that the word of alarm as ‘pemeritahuan’ doesn’t connect if make it
in sentence because the word of alarm as ‘Merah muda’ is more suitable and connect to sentence.

20. The cries of the foul birds awoke the two sleepers who stared about them in bewilderment. (Page 76)
Underline: Adjective clause
Grammatical construction: Foul and bewilderment.

No. Basic word Grammatical construction on adjective clause’s

English to indonesian sentence find in novel Study in scarlet
30. Foul: ‘Busuk’ The meaning of the word foul is ‘Pemakan
bangkai’
Table number thirty above shows that the word of foul as ‘Busuk’ doesn’t connect if make it in sentence
because the word of foul as ‘Pemakan bangkai’ is more suitable and connect to sentence.

31. Bewilderment: The meaning of word bewilderment is

‘Membingungkan’ ‘Membangunkan’

Table number thirty one above shows that the word of bewilderment as ‘Membingungkan’ doesn’t connect if
make it in sentence because the word of bewilderment as ‘Membangunkan’ is more suitable and connect.

21. The great temple which they had erected in the centre of the city grew ever taller and larger. (Page 81)
Underline: Adjective clause
Grammatical word: Erectec

No. Basic Word Grammatical construction on adjective

English to indonesian clause’s sentence find in novel Study in scarlet
32. Erectec:’Menegakkan’ The meaning of word erected is ‘Membangun’

Table number thirty two above shows that the word of erectec as ‘Menegakkan’ doesn’t connect if make it in
sentence because the word of erectec as ‘Membangun’ is more suitable and connect to sentence.

22. John Ferrier and the little girl who had shared his fortunes and had been adopted as his daughter,
accompanied the Mormons to the end of their great pilgrimage. ( Page 81)
Underline: Adjective clause
Grammatical word: Accompanied

No. Basic Word Grammatical construction on adjective

English to Indonesian clause’s sentence find in novel Study in
scarlet

33. Accompanied: The meaning of the word accompanied is

‘Menemani’ ‘Mengikuti’

Table number thirty three above shows that the word of accompanied as ‘Menemani’ doesn’t connect if make
it in sentence because the word of accompanied as ‘Mengikuti’ is more suitable and connect to sentence.

23. The hand which fastened that pin might have struck him to the heart. (Page 97)
Underline: Adjective clause
Grammatical word: Fastened and pin

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No. Basic Word Grammatical construction on adjective
English to indonesian clause’s sentence find in novel Study in
scarlet
34. Fastened: ‘Mengikat’ The meaning of word fastened is
‘Meletakkan’

Table number thirty four above shows that the word of fastened as ‘Mengikat’ doesn’t connect if make it in
sentence because the word of fastened as ‘Meletakkan’ is more suitable and connect to sentence

35. Pin: ‘Lencana’ The meaning of word pin is ‘Kertas

pesan’

Table number thirty five above shows that the word of pin as ‘Lencana’ doesn’t connect if make it in sentence
because the word of pin as ‘Kertas Pesan’ is more suitable and connect to sentence.

24. That girl that I spoke of was to have married me twenty years ago (Page 117)
Underline: Adjective clause
Grammatical word: Have

No. Basic Word Grammatical construction on adjective

English to Indonesian clause’s sentence find in Study in scarlet
36. Have:’Mempunyai’ The meaning of word have is ‘Seharusnya’

Table number thirty six above shows that the word of have as ‘Mempunyai’ doesn’t connect if make it in
sentence because the word of have as ‘ Seharusnya’ is more suitable and connect to sentence.

25. I saw also the track of the two men who had first passed through the garden. (Page 128)
Underline: Adjective clause
Grammatical word: Through

No Basic Word Grammatical construction on adjective clause’s

English to Indonesian sentence find in novel Study in scarlet
37. Through: ‘Selesai’ The meaning of the word through is ‘Lebih dulu’

Table number thirty seven above shows the word of through as ‘Selesai’ doesn’t connect if make it in sentence
because the word of through as ‘Lebih dulu’ is more suitable and connect to sentence.

26. Men who die from heart disease or any sudden natural cause, never by any change exhibit agitation upon
their features. (Page 129)
Underline: Adjective clause
Grammatical word: Agitation

No Basic word Grammatical construction on adjective

English to Indonesia clause’s sentence find in novel Study in
scarlet
38. Agitation: ‘Menghasut’ The meaning of the word agitation is
‘Kengerian’

Table number thirty eight above shows the word of agitation as ‘Menghasut’ doesn’t connect if make it in
sentence because the word of agitation as ‘Kengerian’ is more suitable and connect to sentence.

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B. Understanding grammatical construction and adjective clause.
1. Grammatical construction
Grammatical construction is a word change in a sentence that aims to find the true meaning of the
word. As in analysis above that each word has more than one meaning. The meaning of the word is how the
word in a sentence.
Example: the word of save
Save has more than one meaning and the meaning depends from it’s sentence. Deferent sentence will be
different meaning.
Pay attention to the sentences below:
1. I save my money in the bank.
2. Save my life please.
There are two sentences above which the same contain the word of save. And the question which find
from the sentence, are the word of save from two sentences have the same meaning ? from two sentences
above the meaning of save is not same.
The first sentence I save my money in the bank. The word of save has a meaning. It’s Menyimpan. but in the
second sentence Save my life please. The word of save has a meaning and the meaning is not Menyimpan but
Selamatkan.
The same word but different meaning from two sentences, called as grammatical. The general function of
grammar is build the sentence with structure based formula and condition. Only focus to structure in sentence
but in grammatical focus to the change word in sentence. Maybe sometimes the word can not find in dictionary
but the grammatical lets change the word with adjustment the word in a sentence.

2. Adjective Clause.
Adjective clause or also called relative clause is subordinate clause that function like an adjective. In
an adjective clause’s sentence is different from a usual sentence because adjective clause has some relative
pronoun for making an adjective clause sentence. And adjective clause has two types the first type is restrictive
clause and nonrestrictive clause.
Relative pronoun is pronoun that join in clause based in adjective clause, there are some relative
clauses, there are: Who, Which, Whom, Whose and That. Relative pronoun is so important in an adjective
clause which out any relative pronoun in an adjective clause that’s mean the sentence is not an adjective
clause and the meaning will changed. The word of Who, Which, Whom, Whose and That in an adjective
clause is mean ‘yang’ in Bahasa. The different are Who and whom it’s especially for human then which and
whose it’s especially for things or animal and that can for human and can for things and animal.
For example : 1. The cat which sleeps on the table is my cat
2. The man who get his success is not familiar student.
3. the flower that fragrant is a beautiful rose.
but sometimes the word of that in a sentence is not mean ‘yang’ but mean ‘bahwa’. In adjective clause’s
sentence is not enough for only look the shape of sentence but read and understand the meaning for sure it is
adjective clause’s sentence or not.
1. The dictionary that she borrowed had gone yesterday
2. She said that the dictionary was thick.

From two sentences above there are words of that but different meaning in every sentences. And it’s also
grammatical construction.
The first sentence is adjective clause’s sentence because the meaning of that is ‘yang’ but the second sentence
is not adjective clause because the word of that is ‘bahwa’ for analysis the adjective clause which use that very
recommended to check the meaning first.

Conclusion
From the analysis, the researchers found twenty-six adjective clauses from the novel “A study in
scarlet” with the analysis of the grammatical construction from the novel with British style dominantly because
the novel is the old one by Arthur Conan Doyle which was written in 1886 and published in 1887. Sir Arthur
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Conan Doyle was a legend of novelist which can make the story feel real life and his novel after made film in
Hollywood’s film, so many interesting novels and so many good novels in the world but nothing which make
our brain like have to out for thinking as big logic.

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