MANZIL
For JEE Aspirants
ONE SHOT
Complete Inorganic Chemistry
Reactions
Om Pandey
TOPICS TO BE COVERED
1. NCERT +
Oxidation
Fe+2 Fe+3 SO2 SO3 / SO42–
Cl– Cl2 HNO2 HNO3
Br– Br2 H2O O2
I– I2 NO NO2
NH3 N2 H2SO3 H2SO4
H2O2 O2 S S2– SO2
Oxidation Reduction
CO CO2 Acid
H3PO3 H3PO4
I2 with H2O HIO3
Neutral
MnO4 –
H2S S Mild basic
Sn+2 Sn+4
Base
H2C2O4 CO2
Reduction
F2 F– K2Cr2O7/H+ Cr+3
Br2 Br– Fe+3 Fe+2
Cl2 Cl– Con. HNO3 NO2
I2 I– Dil. HNO3 NO / N2O
O3 O2 / O2– HNO2 NO
H2O2 H2O
MnO2 Mn2+
Reduction
Hg+2 Hg2+2
Pb+4 Pb+2
Hg2+2 Hg
Bi+5 Bi+3
Cu+2 Cu+1
CaOCl2 CaCl2
Ag+ Ag
Oxidising Agent
Elements with max. oxidation state
Reducing Agent
Metals & Elements with lower or min.
oxidation state
Oxidising Acid Non – Oxidising Acid
Conc. H2SO4 Conc. / dil. HX
Conc. / dil. HNO3 Conc. / dil. H2CO3
Conc. / dil. HXOn Conc. / dil. H3PO4
Conc. / dil. H3PO3
dil. H2SO4
Oxidising Nature of Halogens
F2 + Cl–
F2 + Br –
F2 + l–
Cl2 + Br –
Cl2 + I–
Br2 + I–
Table for Oxidising Power
fir ozo bich-bazar mar gya per-man per man ka control nhi
F2 O3 CaOCl2 S2O82– KMnO4 / H+ H2O2 MnO2 K2Cr2O7/H+
kal nayi krega safayi
Cl2 HNO3 H2SO4
bahar nitrous fir
Br2 HNO2 Fe3+
se aayi
I2
Bi+5 Pb+4 : SOA
Chlorine as Oxidising agent
FeSO4 + H2SO4 + Cl2
Na2SO3 + Cl2 + H2O
SO2 + H2O + Cl2
I2 + H2O + Cl2
Na2S2O3 + Cl2
H4SO4 as Oxidising agent
Cu + H2SO4
S + H2SO4
C + H2SO4
KMnO4 / H+ K2Cr2O7 / H+
H2SO4
O2 CuCl2
Deacon’s
Process
HCl MnO2
PbO2
O3
Pb3O4 CaOCl2
KMnO4 / H+ K2Cr2O7 / H+
O3 H2SO4
HBr
PbO2 MnO2
Pb3O4 CaOCl2
KMnO4 / H+ K2Cr2O7 / H+
HNO3 K2S2O8
O3
H2SO4
HIO3
HI
MnO2
PbO2
FeCl3
HNO2
Pb3O4 CaOCl2
K2MnO4 PbS
l–
NO2–
I2 (moist) O3 H2S
NO SO32-
C Sn+2
C2O42– KI
H2SO3 Fe2+(Green)
KMnO4 / H+
SO32– Oxalic acid
NO2– H2S
I–
Neutral
S2O32–
MnO4–
Mild basic
Mn2+
ZnO as catalyst
Potassium Dichromate in Acidic Medium
H2S
Sn2+
K2Cr2O7/H+
Fe2+
I–
MnO4– Vs MnO42–
MnO42– Mild basic
Neutral Acidic
Preparation of KMnO4
Mn2+ + S2O82– + H2O
Preparation of KMnO4
From MnO2 ( Pyrolusite )
Acidic Solution
MnO2 + KOH + O2
Electrolytic oxidation
MnO2 + KOH + O.A.
in alkaline solution
Air / KNO3 / KClO3
Preparation of Potassium Dichromate
➢ From Chromite Ore : FeCr2O4
FeCr2O4 + Na2CO3 + O2
H2SO4 KCl
Na2CrO4
V2O5 / O2
P4
Cr2O72–
l–
MnO4–
I2 (moist) SO3 SO2
Fe+3
PCl5
Cl2
C
PbO2
Oxidising Power : SOCl2 SO2Cl2
P4 + SOCl2
P4 + SO2Cl2
HCl
NaCl
K2Cr2O7 / H+
NaBr
HBr
SO2 + H2S
H2O2
PbS Mn2+
Fe2+ Fe2+
H2O2 / H+ H2O2 / OH-
MnO4- MnO4-
HOCl I2
Hydrolysis
H2O
AB
Oxides
Peroxides
Superoxides
Hydrolysis of Oxide
N2O5
Na2O
Na2O + N2O5
P4O10
P4O6
Hydride NaH
CaH2
H2O
Silicide Ca2Si + SiH4
Nitrides Li3N
Mg3N2
Phosphide Ca3P2
Ca3P2 + CaC2 : Holme’s Signal
Sulphide ZnS
Ionic Carbide CaC2 + H2O
(Acetilide)
Al4C3 + H2O
(Methanide)
Hydrolysis Nucleophilic Subn
PCl3 + H2O
PCl5 + H2O
SO2Cl2 + H2O
SOCl2 + H2O
SF6 : No hydrolysis
Hydrolysis of Group – 15 Halides
NCl3
PCl3
AsCl3
SbCl3
BiCl3
Hydrolysis of Halogens
F2 + H2O
Br2 + H2O
Cl2 + H2O
I– + H+ + O2
Non Metal + Alkali solution Disproportionation Reaction
F2 NaOH
R.T.
Cl2
Hot
R.T.
Br2
Hot
R.T.
l2
Hot
P4 S8
H2O NaOH H2O NaOH
Reaction of NaOH(aq)
Sn, Al, Pb, Zn, B, Si NaOH(aq)
NaOH(aq)
Elements
M + NaOH NaxMOy + H2
Hydrolysis of Interhalogen Compounds
ICl
CIF3
IF5
IF7
Hydrolysis of Xe Fluorides
H2O H2O H2O
XeF6
H2O
XeF2
H2O
XeF6
H2O
XeF4
H2O
F– donor XeF2 + PF5
F– Acceptor XeF6 + NaF
XeF4 + O2F2
Pu + O2F2
Pu is removed as PuF6 from spent nuclear fuel
Ammonia NH3
NH3 as Base (i) NH3 + HCl
(ii) NH3 + H2SO4
(ii) NH3 + H2O
Ammonia NH3
Urea + Water
NH4Cl + Ca(OH)2
(NH4)2SO4 + NaOH Heat
Iron Oxide
Haber’s process N2 + H2
Reaction of NH3
NH4OH + ZnSO4
NH4OH + FeCl3
Detection of d block metal ion :
(i) Cu2+ + NH3
(ii) Ag+ + Cl–
AgCl(s) + NH3
(NH4)2Cr2O7
NH4NO3
NH4NO2
Nitrogen : N2
NH4Cl(aq) + NaNO2 (aq)
In laboratory
Heat
(NH4)2Cr2O7
Heat
Ba(N3)2
Heat
NaN3
HNO3 (Nitric acid)
Ostwald’s Process
Pt / Rh
NH3 + O2 500 K
NO + O2
NO2 + H2O
Oxidising agent
HNO3 + Non metals – ic acid + NO2
HNO3 + S
HNO3 + I2
HNO3 + P4
HNO3 + C
M + Conc. HNO3 M(NO3)y + NO2
Zn + Conc. HNO3
Cu + Conc. HNO3
M + dil. HNO3 M(NO3)y + N2O / NO
Zn + dil. HNO3
Cu + dil. HNO3
Au, Pt : Do not dissolve in HNO3
Some metals do not dissolve in concentrated nitric acid because of
the formation of a passive film of oxide on the surface.
Fe Cr Co Ni Al Be
Conc. HNO3
Pb3O4
Aqua Regia
Au, Pt : Do not dissolve in HNO3
HNO3 + HCl
Au + [ Cl ] Chloroauric Acid
Pt + [ Cl ] Chloroplatinic Acid
Brown Ring Test ⟹ Test for nitrates
H2SO4
+
FeSO4 NO3–
NO3– + Fe2+
[Fe (H2O)6]2+ + NO
Oxides of Nitrogen
Oxidation Physical /
Formula Preparation
State chemical
NH4NO3 Heat
N2O
NO NaNO2 + FeSO4 + H2SO4
250 K
N2O3 NO + N2O4
N2O5
Nitronium cations [NO2]+ and Nitrate anions [NO3]−
( Solid )
Oxidation Physical /
Formula Preparation
State chemical
PbNO3 673 K
NO2
Cool
N2O4 NO2
Heat
N2O5 HNO3 + P4O10
Oxoacids of Phosphorus
Formula Oxidation State Preparation
H3PO2 White P4 + alkali
P2O3 + H2O
H3PO3
H4P2O5 PCl3 + H3PO3
Formula Oxidation State Preparation
H4P2O6 red P4 + alkali
H3PO4 P4O10 + H2O
heat
H4P2O7 H3PO4
Br2 / heat
(HPO3)n H3PO3
Sealed tube
Reducing Properties of Oxoacids of Phosphorus
H3PO4 H3PO3 H3PO2
Basicity :
Acidic Nature :
Reducing Agent :
AgNO3 + H2O + H3PO2
+ H3PO2
N N
Cl–
Dioxygen
By Heating :
KClO4
MnO2
KClO3
KMnO4
K2Cr2O7
Ag2O / HgO
PbO2 / Pb3O4
Decomposition of H2O2 H2O2 (aq.)
Sulphuric Acid
Contact Process
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