Judy-ann A.
Abad
DEFINITION AND FUNCTIONS
SYSTEM DEFINITION FUNCTION
STARTING The starter system is an This system can convert
SYSTEM electrical circuit that is electrical energy from the
useful for starting or battery into mechanical
starting the vehicle energy. Furthermore, this
engine. mechanical energy will
be used to rotate the
engine so that the vehicle
engine can run.
CHARGING The charging Charging systems deliver
SYSTEM system provides the electrical energy to
electricity that powers power your vehicle while
the starter motor and runs it's running and sustains
electrical accessories, the battery's charge. Your
such as lights, audio vehicle's charging system
system, air conditioner, consists of three parts:
window defroster and the battery, the alternator,
other components. Its and the voltage regulator.
main parts are the The battery supplies the
battery, alternator and necessary electrical
voltage regulator. power to start your
engine.
IGNITION The Ignition System An ignition
SYSTEM is designed to send system generates a spark
high-voltage from the or heats an electrode to a
car's battery to the high temperature to
spark plugs. The spark ignite a fuel-air
plugs then ignite the mixture in spark ignition
car's fuel-air mixture in internal combustion
the engine, thereby engines, oil-fired and
giving your car the gas-fired boilers, rocket
power it needs to move engines, etc.
on down the road. Also
included in this system
are coils, spark plug
wires, modules and
sensors.
COOLING cooling The cooling system
SYSTEM system, apparatus serves three important
employed to keep the functions. First,
temperature of a structure it removes excess heat
or device from exceeding from the engine; second,
limits imposed by needs it maintains the engine
of safety and efficiency. operating temperature
If overheated, the oil in a where it works most
mechanical transmission efficiently; and finally, it
loses its lubricating brings the engine up to
capacity, while the fluid the right operating
in a hydraulic coupling or temperature as quickly as
converter leaks under the possible.
pressure created.
LUBRICATING An Automatic The job of the lubrication
SYSTEM Lubrication System, system is to distribute oil
sometimes referred to the moving parts to
to as a Centralized reduce friction between
Lubrication System, surfaces which rub
is a system that against each other.
delivers controlled
amounts of lubricant
to multiple locations
on a machine while
the machine is
operating.
FUEL INJECTION Fuel injection is a system A fuel injector is a device
in the engines of some for atomizing and
vehicles which forces injecting fuel into an
fuel directly into the part internal combustion
of the engine where it is engine. The injector
burned. More precise fuel atomizes the fuel and
injection would make forces it directly into the
engines cleaner and more combustion chamber at
economical. the precise point in the
Conventional fuel combustion cycle.
injection in a diesel
engine involves a pump
driven via a camshaft
from the engine.
EXHAUST A car exhaust system The exhaust system
SYSTEM consists of many collects the exhaust gases
chambers and pipes. from the cylinders,
It begins at the removes harmful
engine and goes all substances, reduces the
the way to the level of noise and
tailpipe at the back discharges the purified
of the vehicle. Most exhaust gases at a
vehicles have four- suitable point of the
cylinder engines with vehicle away from its
a single exhaust. occupants.
FUEL SYSTEM A vehicle's fuel system The function of the
comprises components fuel system is to
that deliver fuel from the store and supply fuel
tank to the engine, to the engine and
including a fuel pump, cylinder chambers.
fuel lines, a fuel-pressure There, it can be
regulator, fuel filter and mixed with air,
fuel injectors. vaporized, and then
burned to produce
the energy.
PRIME PURPOSE OR JOB FOR IT'S PARTS
PARTS OF STARTING PRIMARY PURPOSE
SYSTEM
BATTERY The purpose of the battery is
to supply current to the starter
motor, provide current to the
ignition system while cranking,
to supply additional current
when the demand is higher
than the alternator can supply
and to act as an electrical
reservoir.
IGNITION SWITCH The ignition switch performs a
primary function in that
it connects the circuit that
provides voltage to your starter
motor, allowing the engine to
crank over and the engine to
eventually start. In older vehicles
it's part of the key barrel, and you
activate the ignition switch by
turning the key
BATTERY CABLE Battery cables are large
diameter, multistranded
wire which carry the high
current (250+ amps)
necessary to operate the
starter motor. Some have
a smaller wire soldered to
the terminal which is used
to either operate a smaller
device or to provide an
additional ground.
STARTER MOTOR The starter motor is a
powerful electric motor,
with a small gear (pinion)
attached to the end. When
activated, the gear is
meshed with a larger gear
(ring), which is attached to
the engine.
WIRE The negative (ground)
cable connects the
negative "-" battery terminal
to the engine cylinder
block, or transmission,
close to the starter. The
positive cable connects the
positive "+" battery terminal
to the starter solenoid.
PARTS OF CHARGING PRIMARY PURPOSE
SYSTEM
BATTERY The battery is another essential of
the automobile charging system,
as it serves as a reservoir of
electrical power. the engines
starter motor is directly connected
to the positive terminal. It helps to
crank the component making the
engine to start. As the engine is
running, alternator directly
charges the battery. The battery
can also supply power to the
electrical components when the
engine isn’t running.
VOLTAGE REGULATOR The voltage regulator controls the
alternator’s power output. Though
this device is often located in the
alternator, as it regulates the
charging voltage that the
alternator produces. It keeps the
voltage between 13.5 and 14.5
volts to protect the electrical parts
in the vehicle. in modern vehicles
that use ECU to sense when the
battery needs to be charged as
controls the volt supplied.
ALTERNATOR An alternator is one of the major
and inevitable parts in automobile
charging system as it plays the
best role. The electrical power
that charges the battery is from
the alternator, but the current
produced is alternating current
(AC). This AC power is
immediately converted to direct
current (DC) because automobiles
use a 12-volt DC electrical
system. The dead battery does not
mean there is something wrong
with it. it just that being deprive
of charge, this is why alternator is
also checked if a car is not
starting.
WIRE The function of charging wires
are to connect every component
of the charging system, there are
at least two types of wires:
standard wire and B + wire. The
standard wire has a small
diameter like the car's electrical
wiring in general, the function of
this wire is connecting each
terminal on the entire charging
system.
AMMETER ammeters measure the flow of
current (positive or negative)
they can immediately show
when the alternator is no
longer providing power and
the battery is discharging
instead.
IGNITION SWITCH The ignition key works as a
switch. The charging system will
be activated automatically when
the engine is running, but to
generate a magnetic field on the
rotor coil must be done by a
switch. The ignition switch
is used as a switch to connect and
disconnect power (positive battery
current) from battery to rotor coil.
PARTS OF IGNITION PRIMARY PURPOSE
SYSTEM
BATTERY The electrical energy needed for
the ignition is accumulated in a
battery. This battery is getting
charged by using dynamo driven
by the engine. The battery must
be strong enough withstand with
strains which it continuously
subjected to. The battery supplies
low tension current usually at 6 or
12 volts.
IGNITION SWITCH The ignition switch is party of
an assembly, or system, that
includes the ignition lock
cylinder. The entire
mechanism is responsible
for starting your car as well as
providing power to specific
areas of the vehicle, such as
the electronic accessories, the
ignition, and the engine.
IGNITION COIL The ignition coil, used on all three
generations, steps up low voltage
to the high voltage needed to
ignite the air-fuel mixture.
DISTRIBUTOR In conventional ignition
systems, the distributor
becomes a component
used in determines of
timming and Firing order.
The distributor consists of a
shaft connected to the
cam, the cam is used to
disconnect the flow of the
primary coil.
HIGH TENSION WIRE High tension wires are used
for the transmission of
electricity. Two of their
properties are: Low resistance:
As the wires need to be able to
withstand high voltages with
minimum heat losses, the
wires should let the electricity
flow through them easily.
SPARK PLUG The last component in the
ignition system of the
gasoline engine is the
spark plug. The spark plug
consists of a core or
electrode rod as the
receiver of the electric
current from the output coil
and the ground located in
the body of the spark plug.
The gap you see on the
spark plug, it's a gap
between the electrode tip
that has a positive electric
and ground that has
negative electricity.
PARTS OF COOLING PRIMARY PURPOSE
SYSTEM
WATER PUMP the water pump is what
forces the coolant through
passages in the engine to
absorb heat. The pump is
driven by a belt that needs
replacement from time to
time. And the water pump
will eventually wear out and
need to be replaced.
Spending some money on
replacing the belts and water
pump is much less than the
cost of repairing the massive
damage that can be done
when an engine seizes.
Radiator is an iron-shaped
RADIATOR
composers used to cool
coolant. The working
principle of the radiator is
to move the temperature
from water to free air.
THERSMOSTAT Thermostat is a part that
have function like valve.
This valve will close and
open the port between
water jacket and high
temperature radiator hose.
It works to speed up the
engine to get the working
temperature.
RADIATOR FAN The radiator fan (or fans) pulls
cooling air through the car's
radiator. Positioned between
the radiator and engine,
cooling fans are particularly
helpful when the car is
stationary or moving at speeds
too slow to force air through
the grille.
RADIATOR HOSE The function of radiator hoses
are to supply radiator coolant
from the engine to the radiator
and back to the engine.
Although its function is only
channeling the coolant, this
parts can not be
underestimated. The radiator
hoses are required to be
flexible but it must hold the
coolant that have boiling
temperature.
PARTS OF THE PRIMARY PURPOSE
LUBRICATING SYSTEM
OIL PAN An oil sump/fan is a reservoir in
the shape of a bowl that stores the
engine oil. With the sump, the oil
circulates within the engine. The
part is located below the
crankcase which is the beneath of
the engine, making the oil to be
easily removed through the
bottom.
OIL PUMP The oil pump is a component that
helps to push the lubricating oil to
all the moving parts in the engine.
It’s located at the bottom of the
crankcase, close to the oil sump.
It supplies oil to the oil filter
before sending it further.
OIL FILTER The oil filter helps to keep small
particles, separating them from
the oil so that clean oil can flow
to the engine parts. The oil pump
allows the oil flow through the oil
filter to the galleries before
reaching the engine parts.
OIL PAN GASKET The oil pan gasket itself seals the
oil pan to the bottom of the engine
block and prevents oil from
leaking as it moves from the pan
to the engine and back
RELIEF VALVE A pressure relief valve is provided
in the path between the oil pump
and filter. The relief valve limits the
maximum pressure of the oil in the
system.
PICK UP TUBE AND The oil pick-up tube carries oil
STRAINER from an oil reservoir to an oil
pump. It comprises an oil pick-
up end disposed in the oil
reservoir, a pump end
disposed in the oil pump, and a
transporting tube portion to
deliver oil from the oil pick-up
end to the pump end.
PARTS OF FUEL INJECTION PRIMARY PURPOSE
FUEL TANK the part is where the fuel is
stored.
ROTARY INJECTION PUM The work of rotary pump
is sends the fuel in the injector
with pressure according to the
timing. The rotary pump has
many vanes, so it is called
rotary vane type. The rotary
pump is receiving drive from
the cam shaft drive gear of the
drive timing chest.
IN LINE INJECTION PUMP Inline injection pump uses an inline
construction on plungers
arrangement which means each
cylinder of the engine is served by
one plunger, that's why this type
is widely used large-powered
engines or heavy vehicles such as
buses and trucks.
FEED PUPM The function of feed
pump is to deliver the
fuel from the fuel tank
to fuel injection
pump through the fuel
filter. The feed pump is
attached to the
injection pump and
driven by its camshaft.
We are leading exporters
of Diesel fuel injection
pump spares.
INJECTORS A fuel injector atomizes the
pressurized fuel. It also injects it
into the combustion chamber. In
comparison, fuel pumps pressurize
fuel and send it through the fuel line
and fuel injectors. Fuel injectors
decrease the pressure within fuel
systems, and fuel pumps increase
the pressure within the fuel system.
WATER SENDIMENTER The fuel
sedimenter separates
the water from the
diesel fuel. It uses the
specific gravity
difference between the
diesel fuel and water to
separate the water
before the fuel enters
the injection pump.
PARTS OF EXHAUST PRIMARY PURPOSE
SYSTEM
MUFFLER It isIt is the job of
the muffler to make the
engine's activity less
noisy.
EXHAUST TUBE it is designed to release
exhaust away from the vehicle
and into the air
CATALYTICTIC CONVERTER Catalytic converters
change the toxic gases
that are emitted from
the exhaust manifold
into relatively harmless
ones
RESONATOR The resonator is designed to
eliminate sounds at a
particular frequency which
bounce off the inside of the
device canceling each other.
TAIL PIPE After the gases have been cleaned
and the noise reduced, the
remaining air flows through the
tailpipe to the vehicle’s rear, where
it’s discharged into the
atmosphere.
EXHAUST GASKET Exhaust system
gaskets eliminate noise, keep
hot exhaust gasses from
entering the vehicle and also
help maintain proper pressure
in the system
PARTS OF FUEL SYSTEM PRIMARY PURPOSE
PARTS OF FUEL SYSTEM
PRIMARY PURPOSE
FUEL TANK The fuel tank is the main storage
for the fuel that runs the vehicle.
Generally speaking, the gas tank
is generally found at, or under, the
rear of the vehicle.
FUEL PUMP The fuel pump is used to pump
the fuel from the fuel tank, via the
fuel lines into the fuel injectors,
which spray the fuel into the
combustion chamber- in order to
create combustion.
FUEL LINE The Fuel Lines connect all of the
various Fuel System components.
FUEL FILTER The fuel filter is the key to a
properly functioning fuel delivery
system
CARBURETOR The floor of the carburetor is
hot because it sits over the
engine cylinders.