Scribd
Upload
11 views10 pages

Laser Applications in Modern Medicine

This document discusses the main medical applications of lasers. It begins by introducing the aim to discuss significant laser applications in medicine and provides examples of how lasers are classified based on the organ treated, laser type used, or type of treatment. It then explains that the interaction between laser radiation and biological tissue depends on wavelength, intensity, pulse shape, and beam shape. The mechanisms of laser-tissue interactions are divided into five categories: photochemical, photothermal, photoablation, plasma-induced photoablation, and photodisruption. A chart shows the relationship between power density, exposure time, and these interaction types.

Uploaded by

د.مهدي زمان المياحي
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
11 views10 pages

Laser Applications in Modern Medicine

This document discusses the main medical applications of lasers. It begins by introducing the aim to discuss significant laser applications in medicine and provides examples of how lasers are classified based on the organ treated, laser type used, or type of treatment. It then explains that the interaction between laser radiation and biological tissue depends on wavelength, intensity, pulse shape, and beam shape. The mechanisms of laser-tissue interactions are divided into five categories: photochemical, photothermal, photoablation, plasma-induced photoablation, and photodisruption. A chart shows the relationship between power density, exposure time, and these interaction types.

Uploaded by

د.مهدي زمان المياحي
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

MEDICAL APPLICATIONS

The aim of this chapter is to discuss principal applications of lasers in


modern medicine.
INTRODUCTION

The main intention is focused on


 discuss the most significant applications.
 evoke a basic feeling for using certain techniques.
 give examples to emphasize substantial ideas and assist the reader in
grasping some technical solutions.
 address the Potential difficulties and complications arising from treatment
methods.
INTRODUCTION

There are many medical applications of lasers, and there are different ways
to classify them into groups:
 According to the organ to be treated by the laser, such as: Eye, General
Surgery, Dentistry, Dermatology, Blood vessels, Cardiac, etc.
 According to the type of laser used for treatment, such as: 𝐶𝑂2 , YAG, and
Argon.
 According to the type of treatment, such as diagnostic, surgery,
connecting blood vessels.
INTERACTION BETWEEN LASER RADIATION AND BIOLOGICAL TISSUE

The use of lasers for therapy depends on the interaction of laser beams with
tissue. And the interaction between electromagnetic radiation and biological
tissue depends on:
 The wavelength of light, which determines the energy of each photon of
light.
 The intensity of radiation (energy delivered).
 The shape of irradiation (continuous or pulsed).
 Spatial nature of the beam (focused or unfocused).
MECHANISMS OF LASER-TISSUE INTERACTIONS

There are many different mechanisms by which laser light can interact with
Tissue. The most common interaction mechanisms for therapeutic and
surgical applications will be divided into five broad classes:
 Photochemical Interaction
 Photothermal Interactions
 Photoablation Interaction
 Plasma-induced Photoablation
 Photodisruption
MECHANISMS OF LASER-TISSUE INTERACTIONS

Interesting result shall be stated Before going into detail:


 All these seemingly different interaction types share a single common
datum: the characteristic energy density ranges from approximately 1
J/cm2to 1000 J/cm2.
 The power density itself varies over 15 orders of magnitude.

The question is How!

The answer is a single parameter distinguishes and primarily controls


these processes: the duration of laser exposure which is mainly identical
with the interaction time itself.
MECHANISMS OF LASER-TISSUE INTERACTIONS
MECHANISMS OF LASER-TISSUE INTERACTIONS

A double-logarithmic map with the five basic interaction types is shown in


Figure 4.1 as found in several experiments. In the figure we note:
 The ordinate expresses the applied power density or irradiance in W/cm2
 The abscissa represents the exposure time in seconds.
 Two diagonals show constant energy fluences at 1 J/cm2 and 1000 J/cm2,
respectively.
MECHANISMS OF LASER-TISSUE INTERACTIONS

According to this chart, the time scale can be roughly divided into five sections:
 Continuous wave or exposure times more than 1s for photochemical interactions.
 From 1s down to 1μs for thermal interactions.
 From 1μs down to 1ns for photoablation.
 Less than 1ns for plasma-induced ablation and photodisruption.
The difference between the latter two is attributed to different energy densities.
They will be addressed separately in coming sections, since one of them is solely
based on ionization, whereas the other is an associated but primarily mechanical
effect
END OF LECTURE

Thanks for listening

You might also like