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Flint Water Crisis Hypothesis Analysis

The document discusses analyzing lead levels in Flint, Michigan's water during the Flint Water Crisis. It provides definitions for variables like zip code, ward, and lead levels measured in parts per billion (PPB) at different times. Two rules from the EPA regarding acceptable lead levels are outlined. Hypothesis tests are conducted to determine if true average lead levels and the proportion of homes with levels exceeding 15 PPB meet thresholds. Based on the analyses, the proportion of homes exceeding 15 PPB is shown to be greater than 10%, but the average lead level is not significantly higher than 15 PPB.

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16 views12 pages

Flint Water Crisis Hypothesis Analysis

The document discusses analyzing lead levels in Flint, Michigan's water during the Flint Water Crisis. It provides definitions for variables like zip code, ward, and lead levels measured in parts per billion (PPB) at different times. Two rules from the EPA regarding acceptable lead levels are outlined. Hypothesis tests are conducted to determine if true average lead levels and the proportion of homes with levels exceeding 15 PPB meet thresholds. Based on the analyses, the proportion of homes exceeding 15 PPB is shown to be greater than 10%, but the average lead level is not significantly higher than 15 PPB.

Uploaded by

Dtwa
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Flint Water Crisis

Hypothesis Test
Dan Lulseged
Use the Flint Water Crisis dataset to answer question. The
Code Book is below
Code book: (What the variables mean) Label the
Zipcode: Zip code
Quantitative variables:
Ward: The administrative district of Flint PPBI, PPB2, PPB3,
PPB1: Lead level of water in parts per billion

PPB2: Lead level of water in parts per billion after


45 seconds of flushings

PPB3:Lead level of water in parts per billion after


Categorical variables:
2 minutes of flushing) ZIP CODE,
Lead_Level: Tell if the lead level is over 15 ppb Lead_Level, Ward
deeming it unsafe or safe
What are you two rules of the EPA’s Lead and Copper rule?

1) Lead levels cannot exceed 15 PPB

2) More than 10 percent of sample homes can’t exceed 15 PPB


Snap shot at least 5 to 10 houses with high lead levels.
Answer the research question: Is the True average lead level in
Flint homes greater than 15 ppb?

Hypothesis: μ = the true average lead level in flint homes

Ho: μ = 15
Ha: μ > 15

Histogram Boxplot
Test Results: Conclusion:

We fail to reject the null because the P value is


extremely high, meaning we don’t have enough
evidence to state that the average lead levels is
greater than 15.
Answer the research question: Is the True proportion of
homes with 15 ppb greater than 10%?
Hypothesis: P = the true proportion of homes that have a PPB greater than 15.

Ho: P = 0.10
Ha: P > 0.10

Pie Chart Bar Graph


Results: Conclusion:

We reject the null hypothesis and accept the


alternative hypothesis because the P value is
low. This means that we have enough evidence
to state that the true proportion of homes that
had a PPB that exceeded 15 is greater than 10
percent.
Is the True average lead level in Flint less than 15 ppb3?

Hypothesis: μ= true average lead level in flint homes after 2 minutes of flushing
μ = 15

μ < 15

Histogram Boxplot
Results: Conclusion:

We fail to reject the null hypothesis because


the P value is extremely high. This means we
do not have enough evidence to state that the
true average lead level in flint homes after 2
minutes of flushing is not 15.
Final Thoughts
Overall this project really surprised me and reminded me on how money can
easily corrupt governments. The fact that the government knew about the
situation and didn’t act on it because it was cheaper was insane to me.
Python Codes

Code

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