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Biochemistry: A Molecular Perspective

The document discusses biochemistry and how it relates to the structure and function of cells. It defines biochemistry as the science of the chemical basis of life and the reactions that occur within living cells. The major objective of biochemistry is a complete understanding of these chemical processes at the molecular level. A knowledge of biochemistry is essential to various life sciences like medicine, nutrition, and agriculture. The document also discusses how the Human Genome Project has greatly impacted biochemistry and other fields by allowing researchers to sequence genes and better understand human evolution and disease.

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Marycris Vargas
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35 views8 pages

Biochemistry: A Molecular Perspective

The document discusses biochemistry and how it relates to the structure and function of cells. It defines biochemistry as the science of the chemical basis of life and the reactions that occur within living cells. The major objective of biochemistry is a complete understanding of these chemical processes at the molecular level. A knowledge of biochemistry is essential to various life sciences like medicine, nutrition, and agriculture. The document also discusses how the Human Genome Project has greatly impacted biochemistry and other fields by allowing researchers to sequence genes and better understand human evolution and disease.

Uploaded by

Marycris Vargas
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

BIOCHEMISTRY

Mariella Sarah Odessa A. Tesorero


Instructor
BIOCHEMISTRY
• Biochemistry can be defined as the science of the chemical basis of
life (Gk bios “life”). The cell is the structural unit of living systems.

• It can also be described as the science of the chemical constituents of


living cells and of the reactions and processes they undergo.

• Biochemistry encompasses large areas of cell biology, molecular


biology and molecular genetics.
AIM OF BIOCHEMISTRY
• The major objective of biochemistry is the complete understanding,
at the molecular level, of all of the chemical processes associated
with living cells.

• Biochemists have sought to isolate the numerous molecules found in


cells, determine their structures and analyze how they function.
A KNOWLEDGE OF BIOCHEMISTRY IS
ESSENTIAL TO ALL LIFE SCIENCES
• Medicine

• Nutrition

• Agriculture

• Industrial applications

• Environmental applications
PRINCIPLE AREAS OF BIOCHEMISTRY

• Structure and function of biological macromolecules

• Metabolism- anabolic and catabolic processes

• Molecular Genetics- how life is replicated. Regulation of protein


synthesis
IMPACT OF THE HUMAN GENOME PROJECT (HGP)
ON BIOCHEMISTRY, BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE

• Remarkable progress was made in the late 1990s in sequencing the


human genome by the HGP. This culminated in July 2000, when
leaders of the two groups involved in this effort (the International
Human Genome Sequencing Consortium and Celera Genomics, a
private company) announced that over 90% of the genome had been
sequenced. Draft versions of the sequence were published in early
2001. With the exception of a few gaps, the sequence of the entire
human genome was completed in 2003, 50 years after the description
of the double-helical nature of DNA by Watson and Crick.
IMPACT OF THE HUMAN GENOME PROJECT (HGP)
ON BIOCHEMISTRY, BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
• The implications of the HGP for biochemistry, all of biology and for
medicine and related health sciences are tremendous, and only a few
points are mentioned here. It is now possible to isolate any gene and
usually determine its structure and function (ex. By sequencing and
knockout experiments).
• Many previously unknown genes have been revealed; their products
have already been established, or are under study. New light has been
thrown on human evolution, and procedures for tracking disease
genes have been greatly refined.
Transcriptomics
Biotechnology Nutrigenomics

Proteomics Bioengineering

Synthetic biology
HGP (GENOMICS) Pharmacogenomics

Stem cell biology Biophysics

Gene therapy Bioethics

Bioinformatics

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