Wordsworth's Westminster Bridge Sonnet
Wordsworth's Westminster Bridge Sonnet
In "Composed upon Westminster Bridge," beauty is immediate, transient, and stemming from the harmony between the city and nature during a serene dawn moment. In contrast, "Ode on a Grecian Urn" depicts beauty as eternal and unchanging, captured in the static, frozen scenes of the urn. Wordsworth focuses on temporal beauty, which can disappear with the day's activities, while Keats emphasizes idealized beauty, permanently preserved and providing a timeless connection to truth .
The duke's interaction with the visitor in "My Last Duchess" reveals a rigid social hierarchy and power dynamics characteristic of the Renaissance. He asserts his dominance by controlling the narrative and revealing his expectations of obedience and submission from his wife, treating her as a possession. The power imbalance is evident as he discusses the potential dowry, indicating his view of marriages as transactions. This reflects the societal norms of the period, where social status and control profoundly influenced personal relationships .
Browning's use of dramatic monologue in "My Last Duchess" allows the Duke to inadvertently reveal his controlling and jealous nature. His speech, directed at an emissary, unveils his possessiveness and authoritarianism, as he describes how he "gave commands" which led to the cessation of the Duchess’s smiles. The format exposes his arrogance and need for control over his surroundings and those within them, revealing his view of the Duchess as an object, akin to the art he collects and displays .
In Wordsworth's "Composed upon Westminster Bridge," he blends imagery of both nature and urban elements to highlight their harmonious existence. Despite being a cityscape, the morning's beauty is akin to nature's majesty, with ships, towers, and domes brightening in the "smokeless air". The river "glideth at his own sweet will" conveying tranquility and a natural flow amidst the constructed environment .
In "Ode on a Grecian Urn," the theme of eternity is central as it portrays the urn as a timeless artifact, capturing moments forever in their perfected state. It evokes a paradox where the depicted scenes remain unchanged and eternal, contrasting with human transience. The urn, as a "Sylvan historian," suggests a narrative that transcends time, offering an eternal beauty that teases out reflection on temporal life versus immortal art .
The "fearful symmetry" in Blake's "The Tyger" suggests the paradoxical nature of the tiger's beauty and terror. It reflects on the dualistic nature of creation and the complex, awe-inspiring power of the creator's vision, who can design such a formidable yet beautiful creature. The probing questions imply a creator with the audacity and capability to create something so fearsome, raising questions about the nature of divine intention and morality .
In "The Tyger," Blake uses the tiger itself as a symbol of both awe and mystery, questioning the nature of its creation. The tiger's "burning bright" and "fearful symmetry" symbolize the powerful and potentially terrifying aspects of the natural world. The repeated questioning about what kind of creator could "frame" such a terrifying yet magnificent being suggests exploration into the nature of divine power and whether moral dichotomies lie within creation itself .
In "The Lotos-eaters," nature is depicted as languid and dream-like, creating an environment of perpetual afternoon with "languid air" and "slumbrous sheets of foam" which influences the sailors' decision to stay. The soothing and hypnotic ambiance of the isle serves as an escape from toil and hardship, leading the sailors to abandon their duties and dreams of returning home. The intoxicating natural setting ultimately symbolizes a seductive lethargy that overpowers their will .
In "Ode on a Grecian Urn," human emotion is portrayed as transient and ephemeral, in stark contrast to the timeless art depicted on the urn. While the urn captures eternal scenes of passion and beauty, human emotions such as love and sorrow are fleeting and mutable. The juxtaposition emphasizes how art immortalizes beauty and joy, free from time's decay, unlike human experiences which are subject to change and impermanence, leaving people "high-sorrowful and cloy'd" .
In "The Lotos-eaters," the themes of paralysis and escape are intertwined as the sailors' consumption of the lotus renders them passive, making the sea and their previous life appear "weary." This paralysis is contrasted with the escape offered by the island's eternal afternoon, where they can cease wandering and "no longer roam." This desire to escape the burdens of existence through a narcotic paralysis reveals a tension between duty and the allure of ease and oblivion .