Grammar Expressing purpose, reason and result ta Read this extract from a principal's letter and then complete the gaps with one of the phrases from the box below. due to forthis reason inordernotto ledto seaeto with the intention of with the result that Allerton Moor High Schoot Dear Parent, ‘As you know, we have recently reduced the length of the school day and cut the length of breaks between Jessons (1) ....s22... maintain an orderly and purposeful movement of pupils around the premises. Tam pleased to report that, (2) the pupils very positive response to the idea, the transition to the new timetable has been accomplished with the minimum of disruption. It has, in addition, 6) ‘increased concentration levels, (4). most staff report a better learning environment. (5) ouocnennnns I feel that the changes have been a complete success. Iwould also like to emphasise that we introduced this shorter school day (6) -.--w.-».~-n- offering amuch wider choice of extracurricular activities, including sport and music, I am therefore delighted to report record enrolments for these activities. Finally, (0) soo---~---~ disappoint a few students who we ‘were unable to accommodate in the guitar class, we are now offering an additional class on Thursdays. Yous faithfully, DrTim Mortimer Principal b Read part of a dialogue between two friends and then complete the gaps with one of the phrases from the box below. because of incase make sure means otherwise $0 Well, 'd better go now, Anna, otherwise... be late for ‘my music lesson. Shall | call you later (2), tak about where to meet up tomorrow? Yeah, do that. The drama workshop in Birmingham has been moved to anew venue @). the large number of people who want 10.90. It (4). an early start for us. We should (8) ovansnnnnnn that We knOW ‘the times of the fast trains )ecnennnn frequent. they're not veryVocabulary Expressions with get Ja Match the two halves of the sentence. 1 told my sister how urgent the situation was, 2 Peter saw his boss to get some details straight 3 We've accepted the invitation for the party, 4 ll get back to you 5 Ihad flu for three weeks 6 Once you've got into a difficult situation, 7 Ateenage hacker managed & im aluays realy nervous about interviews 9 Weneed to get a few basic things straight 10 Steve sent me a really lengthy email yesterday 11. Joe was determined to get into learning Jepanese 12 Anna found the musie at the party way too loud b Complete these sentences in your own words. 1 Loften ty to get out of, 2 I’dnever get into an argument about . 3 | try to get out of difficult situations by. 4 L usually get on well With sann. Word building 2a Write each ofthe suffixes below in the appropriate box. able -{ulal -ance -(e)n ence ful ical ify Afsle ity ive less -ment it's very hard to get out of t! and after a while it realy got on her nerves. 10 get into the phone company records. but lack of time made hirm give it up but | couldn't understand what he was getting at. before he finalised the report he was writing to her. 0 I'l have to get a grip on myself before | go in. but she didn't seem to get the point. 28 s00n as I can answer your query. before we start working together. and it's great to get back to normal 50 we can't get out of going to it now. “Sere ance Now make words by adding one of the suffixes in 2a to the base words below. Put the new word in the correct circle. broad centre class complex consider disappoint dist hard harm include instinct intuition maximum nation occur progress purpose refer relevant responsible ‘scarce support. thick Adjectives | Nouns VerbsWriting | Part 2 Areport ©) 02a ine paragraphs A-E below, written by an ‘exam candidate, and then put them into the correct ores, using the linking phrases to help you. Decide ona heading for each paragraph. Then read each paragraph again and correct the spelling mistakes (there are 14 in total The correct order is: a 3 4 Es REPORT ON OUR ENGLISH LANGUAGE COURSE A Lalso appreciated the fact that Iwas staying with a ost family ~ it isa very good idea as there is more time for practising language. Unfortunetely, however, lived some clistance from the school and there were some unforeseen problems with the local transport. And one other comment I like to make is that what also needs improvment is the school cantean. There ‘was remarkably litle choice in what was on offer, B On the whole, however, I must admit the course helped me develop my language skills and Ilernta lot of new language. [ think, therefore, that in spite of some inconveniance such as transport or food problems, ‘which are issues the college should address if possible, the course is very suitable for other trainees like me. € Ingeneral, the course was well organised and the objectives fulfilled. What I appreciated most was the oportunity to improve my speaking skills. The teachers were very frendly and encouraged us to use the language and, as a result, the course gave me cnnfidance. However, although I was pleased with my progress, in my opinion there could have been some ‘more writting classes, as all of us needed these skills, for our future use, Following your request I am submiting a report on the English course I attended in April this year: The aim ofthe course was to teach the participents English vocabulary as well as to develop and improve all our language skills. E Inaddltion, I think that the publisity about individual study was misleading, The study centre was poorly sipped, and the language laboratary frequently broke down, so you could hardly rely on them as aids for developing your listening skills. But what I did benefit from was a computer room with progeames reinforcing the knowledge acquired during classes. Reading and Use of English | Part 3 For questions 1-8, read the text below. Use the word given in capitals a the end of some ofthe lines to form 4 word tha is inthe gap in the same line. There ls an example at the beginning (0). Becoming an independent language learner [Link] (0)...saeaa.. context, the term EDUCATE: ‘learner independence’ has gained increasing importance in recent years. Its of particular (1) tolanguage RELEVANT learning. While some people seem to have an almost 2)... fairfor INSTINCT languages, there are in fact strategies that everyone can adopt t0 (8) enum thelt MAXIMUM, skills and learn a foreign language more (4) seven EFFECT The main thing to remember is that becoming a truly independent learner ultimately depends above all on taking © .---foryour own learning and RESPONSIBLE being prepared to take every opportunity available to you to learn. You also increase your chances of success by learning according to your own needs and interests, Using all available resources. Research shows that leamers who adopt this approach will (6) veneers manage DOUBT 10 (7) -----nnnns their language abilities. BROAD considerably and as a result are more likely to achieve their (8) ennewnew in the OBJECT longer term,Reading and Use of English | Part 4 For questions 1-6, complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence, using the word given. Do not change the word given. You must use between three and six words, including the word given. Here is an example (0). Example: 0 I've never been atall interested in learning to play 2 musica instrument SLIGHTEST tvenever....edthe sige erst... learning to play a musical instrument, 1 Susan picked the baby up gently, because she didn’t want to wake him, To Susan picked the baby up gently so... ass see i 2 They were able to creep away unobserved because it was very dark. OWING They were able to creep away unobserved vm: i aansit was very dark, 3 The car was redesigned and, as a result, sales rose rapidly, RESULTED The successful redesigning of the car. sw in sales, 4 Despite improving his performance, Smith still notin the top three for the 10.000 metres Leo The improvement in Smith's performance for the 10,000 metres. nin the top three 5 You should make the sauce thicker if you want to improve the flavour. THICKEN VO Bcntecmcmacemstecth order to improve the flavour. 6 Alter several years, heavy traffic caused the bridge to collapse. DUE The collapse several years of heavy traffic.2 When | was thirteen, “my dad said his new. 2 of my age who he was sure | would ton with, They'd just moved and she'd started a new il and didn't know anyone in the area. Of course ‘we did get together we didn't get along. | was reserved and Alessia was full of herself. Later fen we were grown up, we met egain through friends this time we biti of, Now Lanatesiate the fact er dull w arounda out It's true that opposites attract but you don't J realise it when you're young, ker: | sometimes wonder where I'd be without bhnry who always seems to be around to cheer me when there's a crisis. He doesn’t say much and he jt ant to hear anyone's problems but ‘nothing. It was always like that. Before going to ity | spent three months cleaning offices and dto be there by five in the morning. Johnny was on th [Link] me as he was working in kery. By the time | got to work we'd shared a few fas and | was starting to feel human and ready to start ny day. 4: ve got myself into deep trouble sometimes cause | do love to gossip. | can't stop myself; Most ther people can’t bear to keep things to themselves ther but Anna is different. ‘Ifyou do tell her something scorfidence, you know iw yfurther. She is very near me now but she used to live in Thailand jears ago | was travs my f fen naw niversity. As soon as | met her inew she'd be alot of fun. She's quite abit older than out it doesn't seem to matter. ker 5: One day | was ‘queueing to go into a football alking to this guy next to me who To cut along story short we ended up in fhe same band and shared a flat for a while. For a bit | gapped seeing my other friends and | got very arrogant cause we were doing well. To be honest | wasn't a person to be around, But Tom just took me for who as and he still does ~ "he doesn't feel the right to tell her people how to live their lives. Unlike some other sople who think only their way is best. 2 Mastering languages Grammar La2dueto 3ledto 4 with the result that 5 For this reason 6 with the intention of 7 in order not to b2s0 Bbecause of 4means Smakesure 6in case Vocabulary 1a2f 31 4i 5k 6a 7c 8g 9} Me itd 12b b Students’ own answers 2a Adjectives: -ful, -ical, -ive, ess, -(u)al ‘Nouns: -ance, -ence, -ity, -ment ‘Verbs: -(e)n, -ify, -(is)e b Adjectives: central, considerable, harmful/ harmless, inclusive, instinctive, intuitive, national, progressive, purposeful, supportive ‘Nouns: complexity, disappointment, disturbance, occurrence, reference, relevance, responsibility, searcity ‘Verbs: broaden, classify, harden, maximise, thicken Writing | Part 2 1D (Introduction) 2 € (Strengths and weaknesses of the course) 3 E (Problems with the facilities) 4.4 (Accommodation and food) 5 B (Conclusion and recommendation) ‘Unfortunetely Unfortunately; Improvement Improvement cantean canteen; lernt learned/ learnt; inconveniance inconvenience; oportunity opportunity; frendiy friendly; eonfidance confidence; writting writing; submiting submitting; pertcipents participants; publisity publicity; teboratary laboratory; programes programs (computing: program; television: programme (UK). program (US))Reading and Use of English | Part 3 relevance 2 instinctive 3maximise 4 effectively Sresponsibility 6 undoubtedly 7 broaden 8 objective(s) Reading and Use of English | Part 4 Las not towake 2 owing to the fact (that) 3 resulted ina (rapid) rise/increase 4 has not led to him/his being Sneed/have to thicken the sauce in 6 of the bridge was due to Listening | Part 3 1D 2C 3C 4D 5B 6A D trax os Interviewer: Good evening everyone. With me in the studio today is Parick O'Relly, a third-generation Irish-Austraian who is 2 writer and broadcaster and passionate supporter of the rish-Gaelic language. Welcome, Patrick Patrick: Thank you, Sinead Interviewer: Tell me Patrick, what significance does Irish have for you? Patrick: Well, 2s you said, 'm an lish-Australian. rsh is ‘my second language; | didn't learn it in Ireland, but here in Australia. In the 18th century it was the fist language ‘of many of the ish people who settled here Interviewer: And didn't it almost slip avay at one point? ick: That's right, But it never quite vanished. So to me, Melbourn tof Australian summers. I’ the language in which speak to my daughter inwhich_ Lbroadeast and in which | write, I'm conscious of its history here, Interviewer: How do you feel about the language itself? Patrick: Well rsh is a language of passionate songs, and ithas one ofthe oldest iteratures in western Europe. Is descended from the language of those Celts who arrived in the British Isles at the end of the Bronze Age, so it dates back thousands of years. But for me, wihatis truly cemarkable is that when Ireland finally became independent early in the last century, the lish language acquired renewed importance as a vehicle of ‘scholarship. Now it has 2 television network and *has_ achieved something inconcaivable, even 30 years ago: it has also become trendy and positively cool today Interviewer: And what made you want to learn lrih language? Patrick: You may well ask! When | began learning th language my enthusiasm was viewed as eccenti Interviewer: Why? Patrick: Well, some people thought that Iish-Gaeh dead, like Latin, although in fact it was stl spoken 2 frst language by a few thousand people on the coast of ireland. So why di I learn it? Ireland wa part of my childhood in any significant wey. My gig grandparents had come here from Southern Irel dhring the Gold Rush, and we had become slid ‘Australian °But Lik es conscious, | think, that my people's pas ly ek Interviewer: And your rsh ancestry has played a big in your writing too, | believe? Patrick: That's right. The stories | write in lish are ppublshed only in reland, yet they deal with the p situation of the language here in Australia ft English, | use a language which has had time to to anew history, a new society thas its own acce own everyday language. This has also happened Italian, but Italian isthe fist or second language of whole community. rsh in this country isthe langua of scattered individuals, so it hasnt adapted to needs, Asan A\ become fashionable. Is that the case in Australia? Patrick: Well, yes, here it actually means that every ‘umber of people go to ish language classes, & minority evertualy become fluent fortoufete. Thousands of Avsvalins vt lela | every year to seek the house their great-arandmo was born i, Irish relatives. Others want to see the green landscape of old legends, Far some, the Ii language is part of all ths. | once interviewed a youn ‘wornan from Melbourne who became so fascinated traditional rish singing that she learned lish and ng ‘works in the Aran Isiands off the coast of kelandl Interviewer: And what other motivation would Aust have for learning lish?