2.
Operating System
• The operating system is a software necessary to fulfil the tasks using a computer.
Examples of Operating Systems
Computer Operating System Windows Operating System
Microsoft DOS (MS DOS) Android (Used in Samsung, Huawei, Redmi
etc)
Microsoft Windows iOS (Used in iPhones, iPad, iPod)
Apple Macintosh or Mac OS Blackberry OS (Used in Blackberry phones)
Ubuntu (Developed by Linux) Windows Mobile OS (Used in mobile
phones like Lumia, HTC
Fedora (Developed by Linux)
Tasks of the Operating System
• Provides a user interface to work easily with the computer.
• Controls the activities related to storage devices.
• Performs the tasks related to processing files and folders correctly.
• Manages the computer memory efficiently.
• Controls the functions of the Central Processing Unit (CPU)
• Helps to protect the computer through usernames and passwords.
• Manages the hardware
Computer Storage Devices
• Examples of data and information
o Documents
o Photos
o Videos
o Animations
o Voices
o Sounds
• Examples of programs
o Word Processing Software
o Operating System
o Computer Games
o Microsoft Teams
• Devices which are used to store data, information and programs that belong to computer
are known as computer storage devices.
Storage Devices
Solid State
Magnetic Optical
Media Devices
Compact Disk
Hard Disk SSD Drive
(CD)
Digital Versatile
Floppy Disk Pen Drive
Disk (DVD)
Jazz Disk Blu-Ray Disk Memory Card
Zip Disk
Storage Properties Capacity
Technology
Device
Hard Disk • Contains magnetized platter and moving head. 500 GB, 1
• Two types: Internal and portable/external hard disks TB, 2 TB
• It is the main internal storage device
Magnetic • a thin plastic tape covered with a magnetic substance. 10 TB
Tape • used for recording sounds, images or computer data etc. (average)
• It is becoming obsolete
Magnetism
Floppy Disk • used to store small files 1.44 MB
• External Storage device
Jazz Disk • Not used often 2 GB
• More storage capacity than floppy disks
Zip Disk • Not used often 250 MB
• More storage capacity than floppy disks
CD • Two types: CD-R (written once, read many times) and CD-RW 650 MB-
(write and read many times) 700 MB
DVD • Two types: DVD-R (written once, read many times) and DVD-RW 4.7 GB, 8.5
Laser
(write and read many times) GB, 15 GB
Beams
and 30 GB
Blu-Ray Disk • In these disks, data can be stored on several levels as 25 GB on 25 GB & 50
each level. GB
SSD (Solid • They do not have moving parts as in hard disks and compact disks Not
State Drive) to write and read data, so they are known as solid state media required to
Pen Drive Electronics devices. know
Memory
Card