Republic of the Philippines

Bohol Island State University

Main Campus
Tagbilaran City

VISION: A premier S & T university for the formation of a world class and virtue-laden human resource for
sustainable development of Bohol and the country.
MISSION: BISU is committed to provide quality higher education in the arts and sciences, as well as in
the professional and technological fields, undertake research and development and extension services for
the sustainable development of Bohol and the country.

FINAL PROJECT IN
TEACHING PROFESSION
(EDUC 6)

Submitted by:
DEVORAH JANE A. AMOLO
BSEd Social Studies 2-2

Submitted to:
MR. ELMER B. SALIGUMBA
Instructor

DETAILED LESSON PLAN

 IN
DOING PHILOSOPHY IN ANCIENT GREECE: THE PRE-SOCRATICS

QUERIST PHILOSOPHY: Multi-Intelligence Philosophy

 Why Teach?
This philosophy emphasizes a more healthy set up of learning to students, not
just solemnly to deal with institutions standardized educational system but also to have
a sustainable learning which will make the students to learn the lessons more effectively
while enjoying it.
 What to Teach?
In handling this kind of philosophy, students will have a sense of enhancing their
intellectual capacities by also improving their skills and even their interests. Somehow, it
will eventually let the learners to be more interactive because this philosophy considers
their personal capacity of learning that can be used in real life scenarios.

 How to Teach?
One great way of teaching is by catching the learners interests, the statement is
what this philosophy believes. Learning things without interest is a plain kind of
knowledge. According to this philosophy, real learnings triggers your mind to
learn even more, just like curiosity that never ends. Simply, this philosophy will let
students to intake authentic learnings that are applicable to the real field of life.

I. Objectives

At the end of the lesson, the students should be able to:

a. Identify the prominent philosophers of Pre-Socratics,

b. how each philosophers present their perspectives regarding such reasoning’s
and knowledge,
c. determine how their contribution help and affects the society in the present and
d. create any form of creative piece regarding the beginning of doing philosophy in
ancient Greece.

II. Subject Matter

Topic: Doing Philosophy in Ancient Greece: The Pre-Socratics

Reference: Introduction to the Philosophy of the Human Person Book (Phoenix

House), Chapter 1. Doing Philosophy- Lesson 2. The Beginnings of Doing Philosophy

Author: Mark Andrew F. Fietas, Michael M. Mercado, Mark Alvin M. Cruz

Materials: PowerPoint

Values: Collaborative Learning

III. Procedure:
 Teacher’s Activity Student’s Activity
A. Classroom Management/
Preparation
a. Opening Prayer

Before starting our lesson, let All students stand for the prayer.
us all stand for a prayer. Good morning, Ma’am. We are doing
Good morning, class. How are great Ma'am
you doing today?
Okay that's good to hear, you Thank you Ma'am.
may now take your seat.

b. Cleanliness and Orderliness

I've seen trashes under and

(The students pick up the trashes,
beside your chairs, kindly pick
aligned their seats and preparing their
it up and throw it later at the
selves for the discussion)
trash bins. Also, please
alligned your seats and be
ready for our lesson.

c. Checking of Attendance I'm the class monitor Ma'am (raises her

right hand)
Who is the class monitor? (After the instruction, the class monitor
checks the attendance)
I see, kindly check the
attendance of your classmates
and after the class, give me the
names of those who are
absent in today's meeting.

B. Review of the past lessons

Again, good morning class. Since The topic that we have tackled last
it's been a long weekend, may I meeting was about the Origination of
ask someone to recall last Philosophy
meeting's topic, Yes? (Picks name
of a student)

Thank you. So the topic that we

have tackled last week was all
about the Origination of
Philosophy. In which it's been
rooted in Ancient Greece and
scattered all over the world
because of several reasoning’s of
every philosophers. Also, it
influenced our ways of living.

In what way did philosophy Philosophy influence us our way of living

influenced our way of living? by acquiring those perspectives they
(Picks name of a student) formulate and we often used it in
decisions making and even in dealing
with scientific deeds also.

Okay, that's interesting! Thank you

C. Motivation
So, I have here pictures of some
known and prestigious
Philosophers and you'll try to
guess their names.
(Display pictures one at a time by
Any answers will be accepted but it vary.
using PowerPoint Presentation)
(Students guessing the name of the
Here's the pictures, kindly guess
Philosophers names)
it.
Who is this philosopher?

Okay great, next one is?

Exactly! You're good with this.

Last one, he is?

Very good, so they are familiar to
you. That's great!
D. Presentation of the topic
Regarding on the pictures that I've
presented, what would be our Ma'am, we might be tackling about those
topic this meeting? Anyone? philosophers and even their contributions
to the society.
Very good, thank you. So today
we will be dicussing about the
"Beginnings of Doing Philosophy".

E. Reading of the Objectives

But before we delve into the new
lesson, let us read first the
objectives. Kindly read. (Read the following objectives in chorus.)

We will not achieve these

objectives without R.I.G.H.T.
Readiness to listen
Initiative to participate
You’re right Ma’am!
Goal to pertain
Honesty to answer
Time to consider
Am I RIGHT?

F. Discussion
The importance of the first
 group of philosophers known
as the Pre-Socratics should not
be underestimated. In fact
many of the popular ideas
today had their roots in Pre-
Socratic philosophy. The
important questions that this
lesson would attempt to
explain is: What are the ideas
or important contributions of
Pre-Socratic philosophy to the
discipline of philosophy today?

It has been a very long journey

since the beginning of Western
Philosophy dating back to 630
B.C. in Miletus. Miletus, as a
fishing village and center of
trade and commerce in ancient
Greece, was the ideal place for
the first practice of philosophy
to emerge, according to Curd.
It became the melting plot of
ideas from other cultures in
other parts of the globe.
Together with the shrewdness
of businessmen going in and
out of Miletus, it was part of
ordinary life to hear people
trying to voice out their opinion
and convince others through
argumentation that their
opinion is the most plausible
one. For example, Thales was
known to have brought back
geometry from Egypt, where
he would travel for his olive oil
trade. Thus, the Milesians were
exposed and became tolerant
The place was called Miletus and was
to different ideas. So what was
considered as an ideal place for first
the place where it was known
practice of emerging philosophy.
as the center of trade and
commerce in ancient Greece?
(calls a student)

Very good, you’ve listened

attentively! Thank you.
The Milesians (Thales, Anaximander,
and Anaximenes)
 The story of philosophy started with the
triumvirate of the three Milesians who
were the first group of philosophers and
thinkers who gave us non-mythological
account of nature of reality and the
universe without the aid of instruments,
by merely using their rational faculty
together with their ability not only to
observe but also to speculate. Also, they
were also considered as the doctrine that
all matter has life hylozoist from the root
word "hylo" or stuffs and "zoe" life.
Thales - was the most popular among
the three, being the "Father of Western
Philosophy" and was regarded as one of
the seven sages (a wise man) of ancient
Greece. He is a shrewd businessman,
mathematician, and astronomer because
he was credited to have successfully
predicted an eclipse. He believed that the
lodestone or natural magnet is alive since
it could make an object move. Aside from
the main idea that the fundamental
substance or primary constituent of
reality is water, Thales was the first
philosopher to assume that the earth is
flat, such that when you reach the edge
of the horizon, you will fall.
Anaximander (610-540 B.C.) - was a
student of Thales. He was a very good
prose writer, claimed that fundamental
substance of reality is the "infinite or the
apeiron". Furthermore, he claimed the
apeiron has no precise characteristics or
attributes. If it is ageless and eternal, and
it encompasses all the worlds. This
conclusion about the infinite is highly
speculative and abstract rather than
based on observation. He believed that
the earth is cylindrical and is suspended
in space. In addition, he was the first
philosopher to attempt to draw a map.
Anaximenes (588-524) - was a student
of Anaximander. He concluded that the
fundamental substance must be "air".
According to him, air holds our soul The three Milesians Philosophers
together, it encompasses th whole world. mentioned were Thales, Anaximander
Like Thales, he went back to the flat- and Anaximenes.
earth theory; but unlike Thales who did
not give an exact shape of the earth, this
time around, Anaximander gave a Thales was credited to have successfully
definite shape, by claiming that the earth predicted an eclipse and was considered
and other heavenly bodies for the matter as the first philosopher to assume that
are like saucers floating in air. Thus, the the earth is flat. The second philosopher,
earth is flat and round.
Again, who are those three known Anaximander was the first philosopher to
Milesians Philosophers? Okay Ms. (calls attempt to draw a map and he elieved
a female student) that the earth is cylindrical and is
suspended in space. Lastly, Anaximenes
Okay very good Ms. Now, what are their the student of Anaximander gave a
contributions way back their respective definite shapeof the earth, by claiming
times? Mr. (calls a male student) that the earth and other heavenly bodies
for the matter are like saucers floating in
air.

That’s indeed a very detailed explanation

coming from you Mr. Excellent!

Other pre-Socratic Philosophers

After the Milesians, other pre-Socratic
philosophers would give primary
considerations on the nature of reality.
Some of those are:
Parmenides (450 B.C.) - he was known
as the leader of the Eleactic School, from
Elea in Southern Italy, now Velia in
Naples. His philosophical idea is a
contradiction of the idea of change from
Heraclitus. He proposed that the only
thing that is permanent in this world is
"being", that is, reality is made up of one (Student A raise her hand).
continuous object or plenum called being.
Teacher, are there some powers that are
Change, for him is merely an illusion.
Amidst this illusion of change, there is both exercised by the Federal and State
something indestructible, immovable Government?
complete and without beginning or end,
which he called being. Thus, for (A student raises her right hand)
Parmenides, there is no such thing as For me Ma’am, I don’t agree with
change and motion. Parmenides perspective because change
With Parmenides perspective, do you is the only sustainable deeds in the
agree to his reasoning's that there’s no reality and being alone without the guts
such thing as change and motion of pertaining change is not too
because of what he called existence of resourceful. That’s all Ma’am.
“being”?
Okay Ms. Kindly stand up an express
your opinion for the class to know your
point of view.
You’ve got a point Ms. And thank you for Yes Ma’am
sharing your opinion. Parmenides
considered such belief because of the
time he lived with like a culturally and
conservative period where change is an
option for development and yes we can’t
blame him for having the perspective
because he was a philosopher born in a
trial and error reasoning and discoveries.
Unlike in today’s time, where innovation
were highlighted and became a key for
development. Do you understand my
point class?
That’s good to hear, now let’s proceed to
another philosopher,
Empedocles (493-433 B.C.) - He was a
very interesting figure among the roster
of pre-Socratic philosophers. He believed
himself to be immortal and that he had
magical powers. He was known to have
cured somebody who was comatose for
24 months. What makes Empedocles
different from the rest of the pre-
Socratics is that he firmly believed that
he was immortal and to prove this, he
leaped into the mouth of Mt. Etna, an
active volcano in Sicily, southern Italy,
that led to his untimely death.
Empedocles was the proponent of the
notion that reality is made up of the four
elements, namely, earth, air, fire and
water. Here, he is regarded as "pluralist"
because he had four elements as his
fundamental substances that reality is
made of, instead of only one substance.
Anaxagoras (480 B.C.) - He believed
that there's not just one element that
reality is made of. As a matter of fact, for
him, matter becomes infinitely divisible.
Whenever you divide matter, each (A male student raises his right hand)
separated part will contain elements of For me as someone who loves
everything else. Another important supernatural and magical genre, beliefs
contribution of Anaxagoras is his idea of Empedocles made me curious and
about the nous or the "mind" , which was eager to search more with his life
conceived of as external but is infinite experiences. Imagine, he jump off to the
and is self-ruled and according to him,
mouth of Mt. Etna just to prove his
"has the greatest strength and power
over all things". Some scholars suggest reputed philosophy it’s quite weird but
that this may have been an inspiration for authentically interesting.
the conception of the characteristics of
the Christian God, which was yet to be
formalized as a doctrine at this early
period.
Between Empedocles and Anaxagoras,
who catches your interest the most? Any
volunteer? Okay Mr.
Wow, that’s a nice explanation Mr. you’re
an active learner for having such
eagerness. Thank you. Next is
Zeno of Elea (490 B.C.) - He was a
student and loyal follower of Parmenides
and as expected he would pronounce
and reiterate the idea of Parmenides that
reality is being. Thus, to strengthen the
point, he went on to prove this
assumption by pronouncing that there is
no motion. This became his impetus to
propose his arguments against motion.
Originally, Zeno had four arguments
against motion, but in these four
arguments, there are two main ideas that Student’s answer may differs but are still
are being proposed; the Achilles and the recognized and accepted.
tortoise and the arrow in flight is at rest.
Also, he had misused the idea of time,
velocity and space which are correlated Can I ask a question Ma’am?
with each other. This is pamimilosopo in
the context of everyday life.
Leucippus and Democritus - They With all the Pre-Socratic Philosophers
contributed the idea that the ultimate who is your favorite Ma’am?
substance that reality is made of are
atoms. Atoms, which means inseparable
or indivisible, must be the ultimate
constituent of matter, which later on has
been accepted by the scientific
community and proven upon the
discovery of the microscope as a tool for Yes Ma’am
examining matter.
With the two philosophy , who’s ideas
were more considerably evidential?

Yes sure, what is it? Is something making

you confuse?
Yes Ma’am

Well, with that matter personally as an

individual who believed more on scientific
deeds. I’ll go Leucippus and Democritus
because their ideas were indeed realistic
enough even for today’s generation and it
had been useful for human beings usage
and reasoning’s. Does my answer fulfill
your question, class?
I’m glad to know that now
to wrap-up this discussion, we have seen
the great ideas that these philosophers
have contributed to the development of
human knowledge. However crude their
methods were, what is more important is
the realization that without their crude
speculation about the fundamental
substance of reality, we might not have
started the process of searching for
knowledge for its own sake. Right?

G. Application
So now, who are the known Pre- They are Thales, Anaximander,
Socratic Philosophers? Anaximenes, Parmenides, Empedocles,
Anaxagoras, Zeno of Elea, and
Leucippus and Democritus.
Those are all right. Thank you
class.

Do you find those Philosophers Student’s answer may vary.

resourceful enough?

You’ve really learned something.

Very good class!

Since the topic is crystal clear to

you , I want you to get the 1 whole
long bondpaper and other creative
The student’s get their materials.
materials that I asked you to bring
the other day.

I’ll give you the freedom to create (Student’s start to make their outputs
any literary works it could be silently)
through poem, essay, and article
that contains the importance of the
Pre-Socratic philosophers
especially to their contributions at
the present. Now, you have 15
minutes to do it and pass it in front
right after. Do your works silently
and neatly.

Also, this is the rubrics:

Content and Relevance 25 points
Organization of ideas 20 points
Grammar and spellings 15 points
Total- 60 points
 Okay, you have already consumed Yes Ma’am
15 minutes pass your works now.
Time is up

H. Generalization
Upon seeing your works it’s quite
interesting and rich of ideas
seems like you’ve learned from
today’s discussion. Pre-historic
philosophers brought authentic
and resourceful contributions to
their times and of course to this
present generation. Indeed, it
affects how we see things as it is
and make decisions regarding with
the enflourishing beliefs of various
ideas and reasoning’s coming
from numerous philosophers of all
time. That’s all for today’s
discussion.
None so far Ma’am.
Is there any questions?

Okay, It seems that you

understood the lesson very well.
Since we still have 15 minutes
before the time ends, let’s have a
quick quiz just to check your
memory.

IV. Evaluation. (Identification and Enumeration)

Instruction : Number your paper 1- 10. Identify the correct answer of what is being
asked.
1. He was a very interesting figure among the roster of pre-Socratic philosophers
and believed himself to be immortal and that he had magical powers.
Empedocles
2. He believed that the earth is cylindrical and is suspended in space and he was
the first philosopher to attempt to draw a map. Anaximander
3. They contributed the idea that the ultimate substance that reality is made of are
atoms. Leucippus and Democritus
4. He was the most popular among the three, being the "Father of Western
Philosophy" and was regarded as one of the seven sages (a wise man) of
ancient Greece. Thales
5. He was a student of Parmenides and propose his arguments against motion.
Zeno of Eleas
6. He was a student of Anaximander. He concluded that the fundamental substance
must be "air". Anaximenes
7-10. Give at least 4 Pre-Socratic Philosophers in Ancient Greece.
V. Assignment
Choose one philosopher from Pre-Socratic Philosophers in Ancient Greece and
create a slogan that regards to the contribution of that philosopher.
Criteria:
Content & Relevance - 20 pts.
Creativity - 15 pts.
Overall Visual Impact - 15 pts.
50 points