NEW ERA UNIVERSITY

College of Law
9 Central Avenue, New Era, Quezon City, 1107 Metro Manila
(+632)8981-4221 loc. 41314
law@[Link]

COURSE SYLLABUS

COURSE TITLE : PERSONS AND FAMILY RELATIONS

NO. OF UNITS : THREE (3)
SEMESTER/ SY : SECOND SEMESTER, 2022-2023
INSTRUCTOR : KRISTEL SHAYNE M. SIGUA

I. COURSE REQUIREMENTS AND GRADING SYSTEM

Course Requirements Grade Breakdown

Recitations 20%
Attendance 10%
Midterm Exam 30%
Final Exam 40%

II. CLASS POLICIES

1. Students shall assign among themselves a beadle who will serve as the liaison between the
instructor and the class. Announcements will be coursed through the beadle. Any concerns that
the class may have shall also be raised to the instructor by the beadle.

1.1. Should any student wish to consult with the instructor, the beadle shall inform that instructor
of such request. A schedule will be arranged between the instructor and the concerned
student.

2. The class will follow the Socratic method. This means that recitations will be conducted each class
day to assess the students’ understanding of the assigned materials. Each recitation is given 0 to 5
points. Your recitation grade will be cumulated at the end of the semester and will serve as 20%
of your grade.

2.1. The recitations shall be random. However, for the last two sessions, recitations will be on a
voluntary basis to allow students who wish to improve their grades to obtain additional points.

3. Since this is a three (3) hour class, there will be a ten (10) minute break in between. Attendance
will be taken twice: at the start of the class at 6:00 P.M. and after the break.

3.1. Students with perfect attendance will be given additional points towards their final grade
total. On the other hand, students with more than six (6) unexplained or unjustified
absences will be given a failing grade.
4. Students are requested to advise the instructor of any foreseen lateness or absences. The instructor
will likewise advise the class in advance in case of foreseen lateness or absences.

5. Students must turn on their videos throughout classes, unless this is not feasible (e.g., internet
connectivity issues). Regardless, students shall turn on their videos when reciting.

III. COURSE OUTLINE (lifted from Atty. Crisostomo A. Uribe’s outline, with some updates)

Week(s) Topics Discussed

Week 1 Orientation and Course Introduction
(Jan. 12)
Week 2 I. EFFECT AND APPLICATION OF LAWS [NCC, ARTS. 1-18] AND
(Jan. 19) HUMAN RELATIONS [NCC ARTS. 19-36]
A. When do laws take effect?

New Civil Code (NCC), Art. 2

Revised Administrative Code (RAC), Secs. 18-24
Executive Order 200 Sec. 1 & 2
Pesigan v. Angeles, 129 SCRA 174, April 30, 1984
People v. Veridiano, 132 SCRA 523, October 12, 1984
Tañada v. Tuvera, 136 SCRA 27, April 24, 1985
Commission of Customs v. Hypermix Feeds, G.R. No. 179579, February 1, 2012
Nagkakaisang Maralita v. Military Shrine Services, G.R. No. 187 587, June 5, 2013

B. Ignorance of the law

NCC, Art. 3
Kasilag v. Rodriques, 69 Phil 217

C. Retroactivity

NCC, Art. 4
NCC, Arts. 2252-2269
RPC, Art. 22
Uson v. Del Rosario, 92 Phil. 530
Acosta v. Plan, 169 SCRA 591, January 30, 1989
Sps. Dacudao v. Gonzales, G.R. No. 188056, January 8, 2013

D. Acts executed against mandatory or prohibitory laws

NCC, Art. 5
BPI v. IAC, 164 SCRA 630, August 19, 1988

E. Waiver of rights

NCC, Art. 6
NCC, Art. 301
De Borja v. De Borja, 46 SCRA 577
Asian Cathay Finance v. Sps. Gravador, G.R. No. 186550, July 5, 2010

F. Repeal of laws
Week(s) Topics Discussed

NCC, Arts. 7, 8, and 10

1987 Constitution, Art. XVIII, Sec. 3
Guingona v. Carague, 196 SCRA 221, April 22, 1991

G. Duty to render judgment

NCC, Art. 9
RPC, Art. 5

H. Applicability of custom

NCC, Arts. 11-12

1987 Constitution, Art. XII, Sec. 5
Rules of Court, Rule 129, pars. 2 and 3
Martinez v. Van Buskirk, 18 Phil. 79, December 27, 1910

Week 3 I. Legal Periods

(Jan. 26)
NCC, Art. 13
Periods, Rules of Court, Rule 28
RAC, Sec. 31
Armigos v. CA, 179 SCRA 1, November 6, 1989
Namarco v. Teczon, 29 SCRA 70, August 27, 1969

J. Binding Effect

NCC, Arts. 14-18

Barreto-Gonzales v. Gonzales, 58 Phil. 67, March 7, 1933
Tenchavez v. Escaño, 15 SCRA 355, November 29, 1965
Van Dorn v. Romillo, 139 SCRA 139, October 8, 1985
Pilapil v. Ibay-Somera, 174 SCRA 653, June 30, 1989

K. Human Relations

NCC, Arts. 19-35

People v. Ritter, 194 SCRA 690, March 5, 1991
Ardiente v. Sps. Pastorfide, G.R. No. 161921, July 17, 2013

L. Prejudicial Question

NCC, Art. 36
Donato v. Luna, 160 SCRA 441, April 15, 1988
Landicho v. Relova, 22 SCRA 731
Pulido v. People, G.R. No. 220149, July 27, 2021

II. CIVIL PERSONALITY

A. Persons and Personality – NCC, Arts. 37-39
Concepts of person and personality
Classes of persons and their distinctions; Elements of civil capacity
Juridical capacity v. personality; juridical capacity v. capacity to act
Week(s) Topics Discussed

B. Commencement and termination of personality

1. Natural persons: NCC, Arts. 40-43

1987 Constitution, Art. II, Sec. 12
PD No. 603, Art. 5
Family Code (FC), Art. 164
RPC, Arts. 256-259
C.f. ROC Rule 131, Sec. 3 (jj)(kk), Amended Rules on Evidence
Geluz v. CA, 2 SCRA 801, July 20, 1961
Quimiging v. Icao, 34 SCRA 13, July 31, 1970
De Jesus v. Syquia, 58 Phil. 863, November 28, 1933
Limjoco v. Intestate Estate of Pio Fragrante, 80 Phil. 776, April 27, 1948
Dumalo v. Quality Plastics, 70 SCRA 472, April 30, 1976
Eugenio Sr. v. Velez, 185 SCRA 425, May 17, 1990
Joaquin v. Navarro, 93 Phil. 257, May 29, 1953

2. Juridical Persons: NCC, Arts. 44-47

Public corporations; private corporations; partnerships
Smith Bell v. Natividad, 40 Phil. 136, September 17, 1919
Barlin v. Ramirez, 7 Phil. 41, November 24, 1906

Week 4 III. RESTRICTIONS ON CAPACITY TO ACT

(Feb. 2) A. General rule: presumption of capacity

Standard Oil Co. v. Arenas, 19 Phil. 363, July 25, 1911

B. Restrictions on capacity to act

NCC, Arts. 38-39

1. Minority
Age of majority: R.A. No. 6809
Suffrage: 1987 Constitution, Art. V, Sec. 1
Marriage: FC, Art. 5; c.f. R.A. No. 6809; NCC, Arts. 1327, 1390(1), 1403(1) and (3),
1397, 1399, 1489, 1426-1427
Mercado v. Espiritu, 37 Phil. 215, December 1, 1917
Bambalan v. Maramba, 51 Phil. 417, January 30, 1928
Sia Suan v. Gaw Chiao v. Alcantara, 85 Phil. 669, March 4, 1950
De Braganza v. De Villa-Abrille, 105 Phil. 456, April 13, 1959

Criminal Liability, RPC, Arts. 12(2)-(3), 13(2); PD 603, Secs. 189-204; RA 9344, Sec. 6

2. Insanity
Effect on marriage: FC, Art. 45(2)
Effect on contracts: NCC, Art. 1327-1328
Criminal liability: RPC, Art. 12(1); Rule 101, Rules of Court
U.S. v. Vaquilar, 27 Phil. 88, March 13, 1914
People v. Rafanan, 204 SCRA 65, November 21, 1991

3. Deaf-Mutism: NCC, Arts. 1327(2), 807 and 820

Week(s) Topics Discussed
4. Prodigality: Rules of Court, Rule 92, Sec. 2

5. Civil Interdiction: RPC, Arts. 34 and 41

6. Family Relations: FC, Art. 150, c.f. FC Art. 87

7. Alienage; Absence: NCC, Arts. 381-396

8. Insolvency; Trusteeship: NCC, Arts. 1491 & 1381

IV. DOMICILE AND RESIDENCE

Juridical Person: NCC, Art. 51
Natural Persons: NCC, Art. 50 and FC, Arts. 68 & 69
Abella v. COMELEC, 201 SCRA 253, September 3, 1991
Romualdez-Marcos v. COMELEC, G.R. No. 119976, September 18, 1995

Week 5 V. THE FAMILY CODE

(Feb. 9)
A. Effect and Retroactivity
E.O. 209 as amended by E.O. 227
R.A. No. 6809
R.A. No. 7160

B. Repeal and Amendment

FC, Art. 253

VI. MARRIAGE

A. Concept and nature

1. Definition
FC, Art. 1
NCC, Art. 52
1987 Constitution, Art. XV, Sec. 2; Art. II, Secs. 12 and 14; and Art. XV

2. Nature
FC, Art. 1
Muslim Code
PD 1083, Sec. 14
ROC, Rule 131, Sec. 3
NCC, Art. 220
Republic v. Albios, G.R. No. 198780, October 16, 2013

3. Breach of promise to marry

NCC, Arts. 19-21
NCC Art. 2176 and 1403(2)
Cabague v. Auxillo, 92 Phil. 294, November 26, 1952
Domalagan v. Bolifer, 33 Phil. 471, February 8, 1916
Hermosisima v. CA, 109 Phil. 629
Wassmer v. Velez, 12 SCRA 648, December 26, 1964
Tanjanco v. CA, 18 SCRA 994, December 17, 1966
Week(s) Topics Discussed
4. Not subject to stipulation
NCC, Art. 221
Panganiban v. Borromeo, 58 Phil. 367, September 9, 1933
In re: Santiago, 70 Phil. 66, June 21, 1940
Selanova v. Mendoza, 64 SCRA 69, May 19, 1975
Lichauco-De Leon v. CA, 186 SCRA 345, June 6, 1990

B. Law Governing Validity

1. General Rule on contracts

As to form: NCC, Art. 17
As to substantive requirements: NCC, Arts. 15 & 17

2. Special rule in marriage

Lex Loci Celebrationis, FC, Art. 26
Exceptions: FC, Art. 26 in relation to FC Art. 35(1), (4), (5), 36-38 and NCC, Art. 71

Republic v. Orbecido III, 472 SCRA 114, October 5, 2005

Garcia-Recio v. Recio, 366 SCRA 437, G.R. No. 138322, October 2, 2001
Republic v. Manalo, G.R. No. 221029, April 24, 2018
Juego-Sakai v. Republic, G.R. No. 224015, July 23, 2018
Dela Cruz-Morisono v. Morisono, G.R. No. 226013, July 2, 2018
Racho v. Tanaka, G.R. No. 199515, June 25, 2018

Week 6 C. Requisites
(Feb. 16) 1. Kinds of requisites
FC, Arts. 2, 3, 5; c.f., NCC, Art. 53

2. Kinds of non-compliance

3. Effect of non-compliance

4. Essential requisites
a. Legal capacity
b. Consent freely given

5. Formal requisites
a. Authority of solemnizing officer
1. Who are authorized; how authorized
FC, Arts. 7, 10, 31 and 32
NCC, Arts. 56, 74 and 76
1991 Local Government Code, Sec. 444(b)(1)(xviii); 455(b)(1)(xviii)

2. Effect of absence of authority

FC, Arts. 4 and 35(2)

Villar v. Paraiso, 96 Phil. 659, March 14, 1955

Aranes v. Occiano, 380 SCRA 402, April 11, 2002

b. Marriage ceremony
1. Form
Week(s) Topics Discussed
FC, Arts. 3 (3) and 6
Martinez v. Tan, 12 Phil. 731, February 5, 1909

2. Place
FC, Arts. 8, 28-29, 32-33

3. Marriage Certificate
FC, Arts. 6 and 22
Madridejo v. Deleon, 55 Phil. 1, October 6, 1930
Macua v. Avenido, G.R. No. 173540, January 22, 2014

4. Duties of solemnizing officer

FC, Arts. 23-24

5. Effect of irregularity
FC, Arts. 4, 7, and 8
Keuppers v. Judge Murcia, A.M. No. MTJ-15-1860, April 3, 2018
Palma and Mercado v. Judge Omelio, A.M. No. RTJ-10-2223, August 30, 2017

c. Marriage license
1. Where to apply
FC, Arts. 9-10

2. Requirements for issuance

FC, Arts. 11-19
Family planning certificate: PD 965

3. Place where valid and period of validity

FC, Art. 20

4. Duties of the civil registrar

FC, Arts. 24-25

5. Marriages exempt from license requirement

FC, Arts. 27-34
Abbas v. Abbas, G.R. No. 183896, January 30, 2013
Ninal v. Badayog, 328 SCRA 122, March 14, 2000
Borja-Manzano v. Sanchez, 354 SCRA 1, March 8, 2001
Republic v. Albios, G.R. No. 198780, October 16, 2013

Week 7 D. Presumption of marriage

(Feb. 23) NCC, Art. 220
ROC, Rule 131, Sec. 3
Perido v. Perido, 63 SCRA 97

E. Void Marriages
1. General rule
FC, Art. 4

2. Absence of requisites
FC, Art. 35, c.f. FC, Art. 234 (repealed by R.A. 6809)
Week(s) Topics Discussed

3. Bigamous and polygamous marriages

FC, Arts. 35(4), 39, 40, 41, 44
RPC, Art. 349

4. Subsequent marriage upon reappearance of absent spouse

FC, Art. 41 in relation to FC, Art. 42-44
NCC, Arts. 390-391
FC, Arts. 55(9) and 101

People v. Mendoza, 95 Phil. 845, September 28, 1954

People v. Aragon, 100 Phil. 1033, February 28, 1957
Tolentino v. Paras, 122 SCRA 525, May 30, 1983
Wiegel v. Sempio-Dy, 143 SCRA 499, August 19, 1986
Donato v. Luna, 160 SCRA 441, April 15, 1988
Terre v. Terre, 211 SCRA 6, July 3, 1992
Republic v. Granada, G.R. No. 187512, June 13, 2012
Republic v. Cantor, G.R. No. 184621, December 10, 2013
Jones v. Hortiguela, 64 Phil. 179, March 6, 1937

5. Psychological incapacity
FC, Art. 36, c.f. FC, Arts. 68-73
Republic v. CA and Molina, 240 SCRA 198, February 13, 1997
Choa v. Choa, 392 SCRA 641, November 26, 2002
Barcelona v. CA and Bengzon, G.R. No. 130087, September 24, 2003
Lontoc-Cruz v. Cruz, G.R. No. 201988, October 11, 2017
Tan-Andal v. Andal, G.R. No. 196359, May 11, 2021
Halog v. Halog, G.R. No. 231695, October 6, 2021
Maristela-Cuan v. Cuan, G.R. No. 248518, December 7, 2021

6. Incestuous marriage
FC, Art. 37, c.f., NCC Arts. 963-967

7. Marriages against public policy

FC, Art. 38; c.f., FC, Art. 38(9) with NCC, Art. 80(6)
NCC, Arts. 80(7), 82, c.f., NCC, Arts. 963-967

8. Non-compliance under FC, Art. 53

9. Effect of nullity
FC, Arts. 50-54
FC, Art. 40, c.f. NCC rule
FC, Art. 237
RA No. 6809
FC, Arts. 147-148
Yaptinchay v. Torres, 28 SCRA 489, June 9, 1969

10. Who can invoke nullity

Fujiki v. Marinay, G.R. No. 196049, June 26, 2013
Garcia-Quiazon v. Belen, G.R. No. 189121, July 31, 2013
Week(s) Topics Discussed
11. Prescription
FC, Arts. 39 and 36, par. 2 in relation to FC, Art. 255
FC, Art. 42, par. 2
FC, Art. 237 for minors

Week 8
(March 2) 12. Procedure in action for declaration of nullity
A.M. No. 02-11-10-SC Rule on Declaration of Absolute Nullity of Void Marriages and
Annulment of Voidable Marriages
Republic v. Olaybar, G.R. No. 189538, February 10, 2014
Republic v. Cote, G.R. No. 212860, March 14, 2018

a. Requisite for valid remarriage

FC, Art. 40
Wiegel v. Sempio-Diy, supra
Terre v. Terre, supra
Morigo v. People, 422 SCRA 376, February 6, 2004
Tenebro v. CA, 423 SCRA 272, February 18, 2004
Capili v. People, G.R. No. 183805, July 3, 2013
People v. Odtuhan, G.R. No. 191566, July 17, 2013
Go-Bangayan v. Bangayan, G.R. No. 201061, July 3, 2013

b. Support and custody pendente lite

FC, Art. 49

c. Safeguards against collusion

FC, Art. 48

d. No confession of judgment
FC, Art. 48, c.f. NCC, Art. 2035
Jocson v. Robles, 22 SCRA 521, February 10, 1968
Tolentino v. Villanueva, 56 SCRA 1, March 15, 1974

F. Voidable Marriages
1. Void v. Voidable Marriages
FC, Art. 4, c.f. Art. 45

2. Grounds for annulment

a. Absence of parental consent
FC, Arts. 45(1), 47(1), R.A. No. 6809

b. Insanity
FC, Arts. 45(2) and 47(2)

c. Fraud
FC, Arts. 45(3), 46, 47(3)
NCC, Arts. 1338-1344
Buccat v. Buccat, 72 Phil. 19, April 25, 1941
Aquino v. Delizo, 109 Phil. 19, July 27, 1960
Anaya v. Palaroan, 36 SCRA 97, November 29, 1965
Week(s) Topics Discussed
d. Force, intimidation and undue influence
FC, Art. 45(4) and 47(4)
NCC, Arts. 1335-1337
RPC, Art. 344, last paragraph
Sison v. Te Lay Li, supra

e. Impotence
FC, Arts. 45(5), 47(5)
Jimenez v. Canizares, 109 Phil. 273, August 31, 1960

f. Affliction with STD

FC, Art. 45(6), c.f. FC, Art. 46(3)

3. Who can seek annulment

FC, Art. 47

4. Prescription
FC, Art. 47

5. Procedure in annulment
a. Support and custody pendente lite
FC, Art. 49
b. Safeguards against collusion
FC, Art. 48
c. No confession of judgment
FC, Art. 48, c.f. NCC, Art. 2035

6. Effects of annulment
FC, Arts. 49-54 and 237 for minors
RA 6809

7. Marriage when one spouse is absent

FC, Arts. 41-44, c.f. NCC, Arts. 83, 85(2) and 87(2), c.f. RPC, Art. 349
Jones v. Hortiguela, supra
Lukban v. Republic, 98 Phil. 574, February 29, 1956
Gue v. Republic, 107 Phil. 381, March 24, 1960

8. Marriage dissolved abroad

FC, Art. 26
Cases under NCC, Art. 15

9. Illegal marriages
FC, Arts. 4 and 16
NCC, Art. 84
RPC, Arts. 351-352
People v. Masinsin, (CA) 49 OG 3909

Week 9 Midterm Exams

(March 9)
Week 10 VII. LEGAL SEPARATION AND DIVORCE
(March 16) A. Concept and Historical Background
Week(s) Topics Discussed
Benedicto v. Dela Rama, 3. Phil. 34, March 13, 1907

1. Distinguished from separation in fact

c.f., FC, Arts. 238-248

2. Agreement to separate
c.f., NCC, Art. 221(1)
Albano v. Gapusan, 71 SCRA 26
In re: Atty. Rufillo Bucana, 72 SCRA 14

3. Distinguished from absolute divorce

a. Divorce decreed abroad
FC, Art. 26
Tenchaves v. Escano, supra
Van Dorn v. Rommillo, supra
Pilapil v. Somera, supra
Garcia-Recio v. Recio, G.R. No. 138322, October 2, 2001

b. Muslim divorce
MC, Arts. 45-55

B. Grounds for Legal Separation

1. Sexual Infidelity or perversion
FC, Art. 55, c.f. NCC, Art. 97
Goitia v. Campos-Rueda, 35 Phil. 252
People v. Zapata, 88 Phil. 688
Gandionco v. Penaranda, 155 SCRA 725

2. Drug addiction, habitual alcoholism, lesbianism or homosexuality

FC, Art. 55(5), c.f. FC 46(4)

3. Attempt on the life of the other spouse

FC, Art. 55(9), c.f. NCC 97(2)
Munoz v. Barrios, (CA) 51 OG 5247

C. Who can ask for legal separation?

FC, Art. 55, c.f. NCC, Art. 99-100

D. When may petition be filed?

FC, Art. 57, c.f. NCC, Arts. 102 and 99
Contreras v. Macaraig, 33 SCRA 222, May 29, 1970
Lapuz v. Eufemio, 43 SCRA 177, January 31, 1972
Matubis v. Paxedes, 109 Phil. 709, October 25, 1960
Bugayong v. Ginez, 100 Phil. 616, December 28, 1956

E. Effect of pendency of the petition

1. Right of consortium
FC, Art. 61, par. 1

2. Administration of property
FC, Art. 61, par. 2
Week(s) Topics Discussed

3. Support and custody pendente lite

FC, Art. 62, c.f., FC, Arts. 49 and 198
Yangco v. Rohde, 1 Phil. 404, October 13, 1902

4. Cooling-off period
FC, Art. 58
De la Viña v. Villareal, 41 Phil. 13, July 31, 1920
Araneta v. Concepcion, 99 Phil. 709, July 31, 1956
Somosa-Ramos v. Vamenta, 46 SCRA 110, July 29, 1972
Lerma v. CA, 61 SCRA 440, December 20, 1974

F. Defenses
1. Consent
FC, Art. 56(2), NCC, Art. 100
Matubis v. Praxedes, supra
People v. Sensano, 58 Phil. 73
People v. Schneckenberger, 73 Phil. 413, November 10, 1941

2. Condonation
FC, Art. 56(1)
Bugayong v. Ginez, 100 Phil. 616, December 28, 1956

3. Recrimination
FC, Art. 56(4)
Brown v. Yambao, 102 Phil. 168, October 18, 1957

4. Collusion
FC, Art. 56(3), (5), c.f. NCC, Arts. 101 and 231(3)
Brown v. Yambao, supra
Ocampo v. Florenciano, 107 Phil. 35, February 23, 1960

5. Prescription
FC, Art. 57
NCC, Art. 102
c.f. Brown v. Yambao, supra

G. Court procedure
FC, Arts. 58-60

H. Effect of decree of legal separation

1. Personal relations
FC, Arts. 61 and 63

2. Custody of children
FC, Arts. 63(3), 213
NCC, Art. 106(3)
PD 603 (CYWC), Art. 17, par. 3
Matute v. Macadaeg, 99 Phil. 340, May 30, 1956

3. Property relations
Week(s) Topics Discussed
FC, Arts. 63(2) and 64

4. Support
FC, Art. 198

5. Use of surname
NCC, Arts. 370-372
Laperal v. Republic, 116 Phil. 672

6. Right to inherit
FC, Art. 63(4)

7. Cost of litigation
FC, Arts. 94(10) and 121(9)

I. Reconciliation
1. How done
FC, Art. 65

2. Effects of reconciliation
FC, Arts. 66-67
Week 11 VIII. RIGHTS AND OBLIGATIONS OF SPOUSES
(March 23) A. Obligation to live together
FC, Arts. 68 and 72
RPC, Arts. 11(2) and 247
Atilano v. Chua Ching Beng, 103 Phil. 255, March 29, 1958
Goitia v. Campos-Rueda, supra
Arroyo v. Vasquez de Arroyo, 42 Phil. 54, August 11, 1921
Ramirez-Cuaderno v. Cuaderno, 12 SCRA 505, November 28, 1964

B. Family Domicile
1. General rule: jointly
FC, Art. 69, par. 1 c.f. NCC, Art. 110
Abella v. COMELEC, 201 SCRA 253, September 3, 1991

2. Exemption
FC, Art. 69, par. 2

C. Management and Family Support

FC, Arts. 70-71

D. Exercise of Profession
FC, Art. 73, c.f. NCC, Art. 117
1987 Constitution, Art. II, Sec. 14 and Art. XIII, Sec. 14, c.f. NCC, Art. 113

IX. PROPERTY RELATIONS BETWEEN HUSBAND AND WIFE

A. Marriage settlements; what made; what governs
1. When made; modifications
FC, Arts. 1 and 76
(Modifications after marriage); FC, Arts. 66, 67, 128, 135 and 136
Week(s) Topics Discussed
2. Form of MS; registration requirement
FC, Art. 77

3. Celebration of marriage
FC, Art. 81

4. Who may enter into MS?

Minor, FC, Art. 78
Persons under civil interdiction and incapacitation persons, FC, Art. 79 in relation to
NCC, Arts. 38-39

B. Which law governs property relations?

FC, Arts. 80-81 in relation to NCC, Art. 16

C. Donations propter nuptias

1. Definition
FC, Art. 82

2. Who may be donors

3. What may be donated by the spouses?

a. Present property
FC, Art. 84

b. Future property
FC, Art. 84
NCC, Art. 761

c. Encumbered property
FC, Art. 85

d. Donations in the marriage settlements

FC, Art. 81

4. Void donations by the spouses

FC, Art. 87
a. Donations during the marriage
b. Donations in common law marriages
Malbuena v. Cervantes, 38 SCRA 284

c. Exceptions

5. Revocation of donations propter nuptias

FC, Art. 86
a. Revocation by donors
FC, Art. 86
NCC, Art. 765

b. By operation of law
FC, Arts. 43, 44 and 81
Week(s) Topics Discussed
D. Absolute Community of Property
1. When applicable
FC, Art. 75

2. Commencement
FC, Art. 88

3. Waiver during marriage

FC, Art. 89

Waiver after marriage

FC, Art. 89, par. 2

4. Suppletory Rules; co-ownership

FC, Art. 90
NCC, Arts. 484-501

5. What constitutes ACP

FC, Art. 91
a. All property at the time of marriage
b. Property acquired subsequently
c. Winnings from gambling
FC, as of NCC, Art. 164

d. Presumption of ACP
FC, Art. 93 of NCC, Art. 160
Ko et al. v. Arambulo et al., G.R. No. 190995, August 9, 2017

6. What is excluded from ACP

FC, Arts. 197 and 95
Sps. Abrenica v. Law Firm of Abrenica, G.R. No. 180572, June 18, 2012

7. Charges of ACP
FC, Art. 94
a. Family expenses of FC, Art. 100 (3)
b. Debts of spouses
c. Subsidiary liabilities
d. Sole obligations of a spouse
e. Gambling losses, FC, Art. 95

8. Ownership
FC, Art. 90
FC, Art. 96 in relation to NCC, Art. 206

9. Administration and enjoyment of ACP

a. Joint administration
FC, Arts. 96, 90
NCC, Arts. 486 and 491

b. Sole administration
1. Incapacity
Week(s) Topics Discussed
FC, Art. 96
2. Separation in fact
FC, Art. 100(3)
3. Abandonment
FC, Art. 101
4. Pendency of legal separation proceedings
FC, Art. 61

c. Disposition and encumbrance

FC, Arts. 96-98

10. Effect of separation de facto

FC, Arts. 100, 239

11. Effect of abandonment

FC, Arts. 101, 72

12. Dissolution of ACP

FC, Art. 99
a. Death
FC, Art. 103
b. Legal separation
FC, Arts. 63(2) and 66

c. Annulment and declaration of nullity

FC, Art. 50 in relation to FC, Art. 43(2)

d. Judicial separation of property

FC, Art. 134-138

13. Effects of dissolution

a. Liquidation procedure
FC, Art. 102

b. For cause other than death

FC, Arts. 43(2) and 63(2)

c. Termination due to death

FC, Art. 104

14. For marriages before FC

FC, Art. 104
Vda. De Delizo v. Delizo, 69 SCRA 216

15. Support during ACP liquidation

Week 12 E. Conjugal Partnership of Gains

(March 30) 1. What constitutes CPG?
a. Definition
FC, Art. 106
b. Presumption of CPG
Week(s) Topics Discussed
FC, Art. 116

2. When CPG commences and applies

a. Marriages under FC
FC, Art. 107, c.f. FC, Art. 88

b. Marriages before FC
FC, Art. 105 (2), c.f. FC, Art. 256

c. When applicable
FC, Art. 105 c.f. FC, Art. 74

d. Suppletory rules
FC, Art. 108

Torela v. Torela, 93 SCRA 391

PNB v. CA, 158 SCRA 435
Magallon v. Montejo, 146 SCRA 282
Cuenca v. Cuenca, 168 SCRA 335
Dela Pena v. Avila, G.R. No. 187490, February 8, 2012
Andrade v. Tan, G.R. No. 171904 and 172017, August 7, 2013

3. What are included in CPG

FC, Art. 117
Zulueta v. Pan American World Airways, G.R. No. L-28589, January 8, 1973
Mendoza v. Reyes, 124 SCRA 154 (1988)
Ballados v. CA, November 19, 1990
Jocson v. CA, 170 SCRA 333, February 16, 1989
Ansaldo v. Sheriff, 64 Phil. 115
Castro v. Miat, 397 SCRA 271, February 11, 2003
PNB v. Quintos, 46 Phil. 370

a. If property bought by installments

FC, Art. 118
(Under NCC: Castillo v. Pasco, 11 SCRA 102)

b. Credit due
FC, Art. 119

4. What is excluded from CPG?

a. Bought as exclusive property
FC, Art. 109(1)
Laperal v. Katigbak, 10 SCRA 493
Berciles v. GSIS, 128 SCRA 53

b. Acquired by gratuitous title during marriage

FC, Arts. 109(2), 113, 115
Veloso v. Martinez, 28 Phil. 255

c. Acquired by redemption
FC, Art. 109(3)
Week(s) Topics Discussed
Plata v. Yatco, 12 SCRA 718
Lim v. Garcia, 7 Phil. 320

d. Purchased with exclusive property

FC, Arts. 109(4), 118-119

5. Administration of exclusive property

a. By the spouse-owner
FC, Art. 110

b. By the other spouse

FC, Arts. 110, par. 2 and 142, 75
Veloso v. Martinez, supra
Manotok Realty v. CA, 149 SCRA 372

6. Encumbrance/disposition of exclusive property

FC, Arts. 111-112, 236, amended by RA 6809
Palanca v. Smith-Bell, 9 Phil. 131
Lim Queco v. Cartagena, 71 Phil. 163

7. Improvements on CPG property

Calimlim v. Fortun, 129 SCRA 675 (1984)
Maramba v. Lozano, 20 SCRA 474

8. Charges upon and obligations of CPG

FC, Art. 121
a. With consent
Javier v. Osmena, 34 Phil. 336
Vda. De Sta. Romana v. PCIB, 118 SCRA 330
DBP v. Adil, 161 SCRA 307 (1988)

b. Without consent
Luzon Surety v. de Garcia, 30 SCRA 111 (1969)
BA Finance v. CA, 161 SCRA 608
Carlos v. Abelardo, 380 SCRA 361, April 9, 2002

c. Personal debts
FC, Art. 122
People v. Lagrimas, 29 SCRA 153

d. Winnings from gambling

FC, Art. 123 c.f. FC, Art. 95

9. Ownership, administration, enjoyment and disposition

a. Joint administration
FC, Art. 124 c.f. FC, Art. 96
NCC: Yasai v. Fernandez, 23 SCRA 1079

b. Sole administration
(1) Incapacity
FC, Art. 124
Week(s) Topics Discussed

(2) Separation in fact

FC, Art. 100(3)

(3) Abandonment
FC, Art. 101

(4) Pendency of legal separation proceedings

FC, Art. 61

c. Disposition and encumbrance

FC, Arts. 124-125, c.f. FC, Art. 97
NCC: Felipe v. Heirs of Aldon, 120 SCRA 628
Heirs of Aguilar-Reyes v. Mijares, 410 SCRA 97, August 28, 2003

10. Effect of separation de facto

FC, Art. 127 c.f. FC, Art. 100; FC, Art. 239

11. Effect of abandonment

FC, Art. 128 c.f. FC, Art. 101
Dela Cruz v. Dela Cruz, 22 SCRA 333

12. Dissolution of CPG

FC, Art. 126
a. Death
FC, Art. 126(1)

b. Legal separation
FC, Arts. 63(2) and 66

c. Annulment and declaration of nullity

FC, Art. 50 in relation to FC, Art. 43(2)

d. Judicial separation of property

FC, Arts. 134-138

13. Effect of dissolution

FC, Art. 129
a. Liquidation procedure
FC, Art. 129

b. Cause other than death

FC, Arts. 129, 43(2), 63(2)

c. Termination due to death

FC, Art. 130 c.f. FC, Art. 104
Beumer v. Amores, G.R. No. 195670, December 3, 2012

14. For marriages before FC

FC, Art. 131
Week(s) Topics Discussed
15. Applicability of rules of court
FC, Art. 132

16. Support during CPG liquidation

FC, Art. 133
Santero v. CFI, 153 SCRA 728

F. Regime of Separation of Property

a. When applicable
(1) In the marriage settlements
FC, Arts. 143-146

(2) When mandatory

FC, Arts. 103 and 130

(3) Reconciliation in legal separation

FC, Art. 66(2)

b. Property covered
FC, Art. 144

c. Administration
(1) By owner
FC, Art. 145

(2) By other spouse

FC, Art. 142

d. Family expenses
FC, Art. 146

G. Judicial Separation of Property

1. When possible
FC, Art. 134

2. For sufficient cause

FC, Art. 135 c.f. FC, Art. 55(10)
Garcia v. Manzano, 103 Phil. 798

3. Voluntary separation of property

FC, Arts. 136, 74-75, 134
Lacson v. San Jose-Lacson, 24 SCRA 837

4. Effects of judicial separation of property

a. Liquidation of CPG or ACP
FC, Art. 137, par. 1

b. Support pendente lite

FC, Art. 137, par. 2

c. Regime after JSP

Week(s) Topics Discussed
FC, Arts. 138 and 66(2)

d. Binding effect on third parties

FC, Arts. 139-140 and 66(2)

5. Revival of property regime after JSP

FC, Arts. 141 and 67

6. Transfer of administration of exclusive property

FC, Art. 142

H. Property Regimes of Unions without Marriage

Review: FC, Arts. 35-38, 53, 41, 44, 45

1. Unions under FC, Art. 147

Maxey v. CA, 129 SCRA 187
NCC, Art. 144

2. Unions under FC, Art. 148

FC, Art. 50 in relation to 43(2) and 50
Juaniza v. Jose, 89 SCRA 306
Gomez v. Lipana, 33 SCRA 615
Vda. De Consuegra v. GSIS, 37 SCRA 315
Yap v. CA, 145 SCRA 229
Carino v. Carino, 351 SCRA 127, February 2, 2001
Go-Bangayan v. Bangayan, G.R. No. 201061, July 3, 2013
Ventura, Jr. v. Sps. Abuda, G.R. No. 202932, October 23, 2013

Week 13 Regular Holiday (Maundy Thursday)

(April 6)
Week 14 X. THE FAMILY
(April 13) A. What governs family relations
FC, Art. 149
Alavado v. City of Tacloban, 139 SCRA 230
Arroyo v. CA, 203 SCRA 750

B. Family relations
FC, Arts. 150-151 c.f. NCC, Art. 2035
ROC, Rule 6, Sec. 1(j)
Gayon v. Gayon, 36 SCRA 104
Wainwright-Verzosa v. Versoza, 26 SCRA 78
Heirs of Favis, Sr. v. Gonzales, G.R. No. 185922, January 15, 2014
Salazar v. Felias & other Heirs of Nivera, G.R. No. 213972, February 5, 2018

XI. THE FAMILY HOME

A. What constitutes the family home

B. Who may constitute the family home

FC, Arts. 152 and 161

Week(s) Topics Discussed
C. When deemed constituted
FC, Art. 153

D. When terminated
FC, Art. 153 c.f. FC, Art. 159

E. Beneficiaries
FC, Art. 154

F. Exemptions
FC, Arts. 155 and 160
Modequilio v. Breva, 185 SCRA 766
Siari Valley v. Lucasan, 109 Phil. 294
Sps. De Mesa v. Acero, Jr., G.R. No. 185064, January 16, 2012

XII. PATERNITY AND FILIATION

A. Paternity and filiation in general
FC, Art. 163

B. Legitimate children
FC, Art. 164
Legitimes of NCC, Arts. 888 and 979
Perido v. Perido, 63 SCRA 97
De la Purrta v. CA, 161 SCRA 661
Tan v. Trocio, 191 SCRA 764

1. Conceived during marriage

c.f. ROC, Rule 131, Sec. 5(11)
2. Born during marriage
3. By artificial insemination
4. Terminated marriage under FC, Art. 42 in relation to FC, Art. 43(1)
5. Void marriage under FC, Art. 54 in relation to FC, Art. 36 and FC, Art. 53
6. Voidable marriages
7. Adopted children
8. Legitimated children
9. Rights of legitimate children
FC, Arts. 173-174
NCC, Arts. 364, 374, 376
Moore v. Republic, 8 SCRA 282
Naldoza v. Republic, 112 SCRA 568

C. Illegitimate children
FC, Art. 165
Rights of illegitimate children
FC, Arts. 175-176
Mangulabnan v. IAC, 185 SCRA 760
Osmena de Valencia v. Rodriguez, 84 Phil. 222
In re: Petition for Cancellation of Tinitignan, G.R. No. 222095, August 7, 2017

D. Action to impugn legitimacy

1. Grounds
Week(s) Topics Discussed
FC, Art. 166
a. Physical impossibility of access
Andal v. Macaraig, 69 Phil. 165
Macadangdang v. CA, 100 SCRA 73
Tan v. Trocio, 191 SCRA 764

b. Biological or other scientific grounds

Jao v. CA, 152 SCRA 359
Amurao v. CA, G.R. No. L-83942, December 29, 1988

2. Contrary declaration by mother

FC, Art. 167
Chua Keng Giap v. PAC, 18 SCRA 18

3. In subsequent marriages
FC, Arts. 168 and 169

4. Presumptions
FC, Arts. 170-171
Lim v. IAC, 166 SCRA 451

5. Prescription

6. Who may impugn

Liyao, Jr. v. Tanhoti-Liyao, 378 SCRA 562, March 7, 2002

E. Proof of Filiation
Gotardo v. Buling, G.R. No. 165166, August 15, 2012
Perla v. Baring, G.R. No. 172471, November 12, 2012
Heirs Roldan v. Heirs Roldan, G.R. No. 202578, September 27, 2017

1. Legitimate children
FC, Arts. 172-173
a. Record of birth
Reyes v. CA, 135 SCRA 439
Castro v. CA, 173 SCRA 658
Mendoza v. IAC, 152 SCRA 445

b. Final judgment declaring filiation

Ramos v. Ramos, 61 SCRA 284

c. Admission in a signed public document

Lim v. CA, 65 SCRA 160

d. Signed and handwritten private instrument

Ranas v. Ranas, 64 SCRA 260

e. Open and continuous possession of status

Mendoza v. CA, 201 SCRA 675, September 24, 1991

f. Any other means allowed by the Rules of Court and special laws
Week(s) Topics Discussed

2. Illegitimate children
FC, Art. 175
Compulsory recognition c.f. RPC, Arts. 345, 46 and 59
Vda. De Alberto v. CA, 173 SCRA 436
Baluyot v. Baluyot, 166 SCRA 606
Paterno v. Paterno, 186 SCRA 630
Ara & Garcia v. Pizarro & Rossi, G.R. No. 187273, February 15, 2017
Gapusan v. CA, 185 SCRA 160
People v. Rafanan, 182 SCRA 811
People v. Rizo, 189 SCRA 265
Demsey v. RTC, 164 SCRA 364
Mendoza v. CA, supra
People v. Barranco, 177 SCRA 103

F. Legitimated children
RA 9858
1. Who may be legitimated
FC, Art. 177

2. How legitimating takes place

FC, Arts. 178 and 180

3. Retroactivity and effect

FC, Arts. 180-181

4. Action to impugn
FC, Art. 162

5. Rights of legitimated
FC, Art. 179

Week 15 XIII. ADOPTION

(April 20) RA 8552, Domestic Adoption Act, February 25, 1998
RA 8040, Inter-Country Adoption Act, June 7, 1995
Lazatin v. Campos, 92 SCRA 250
Cervantes v. Fajardo, 169 SCRA 575
Republic v. CA, 255 SCRA 99, March 15, 1996

A. Who may adopt

DAA, Sec. 7
ICAA, Secs. 3 and 9
1. Age and capacity required
2. Husband and wife jointly
Republic v. CA & Bobiles, G.R. No. 92326, January 24, 1992

3. Need for consent

DAA, Sec. 9
ICAA, Sec. 10
Santos v. Aranzanso, 16 SCRA 344
Daoang v. Municipal Judge, 159 SCRA 369
Week(s) Topics Discussed
Nieto v. Magat, 136 SCRA 533
Duncan v. CFI, 69 SCRA 298
Cang v. CA, 296 SCRA 128, September 25, 1998

4. Aliens as adopters
Bobanovic v. Montes, 142 SCRA 485
Pardo de Tavera v. Cacdac, 167 SCRA 636

B. Who may not adopt

C. Who may be adopted
DAA, Secs. 3 and 8
ICAA, Secs. 3 and 8
In re: Adoption of Edwin Villa, 21 SCRA 399

D. Who may not be adopted

E. Effect of adoption
DAA, Secs. 16, 17 and 18
Cervantes v. Fajardo, supra
1. Status
2. Parental authority
In Re: Habeas Corpus of Angelie Cervantes, G.R. No. 79955, January 27, 1989

3. Succession

F. Effect on testate succession

G. Recission of adoption
DAA, Sec. 19
1. By the adopted
2. By the adopters
3. Effect of recission

H. Rectification of Simulated birth

DAA, Sec. 22

Week 16 XIV. SUPPORT

(April 27) A. What comprises support
FC, Art. 194

B. Who are obliged to provide support?

Pelayo v. Lauron, 12 Phil. 453
Sanchez v. Zulueta, 68 Phil. 110
Reyes v. Ines-Luciano, 88 SCRA 803

C. Source of support
FC, Arts. 195-197 c.f. FC, Arts. 40, 70, 94, 122
Lerma v. CA, 61 SCRA 440, December 20, 1974

D. Action/Order of Support
Abella v. Cabanero, G.R. No. 206647, August 9, 2017
Melgar v. People, G.R. No. 223477, February 14, 2018
Week(s) Topics Discussed

E. Manner and Time of Payment

FC, Arts. 200-204
Canonizado v. Ordonez-Benitez, 127 SCRA 610

F. Amount of support
FC, Arts. 200-208

G. Support pendente lite

FC, Art. 188

XV. PARENTAL AUTHORITY

A. Concept of Parental Authority
FC, Art. 209

B. Transfer of Parental Authority

FC, Art. 210 c.f. FC, Art. 234

C. Who exercises Parental Authority

FC, Arts. 211-213
Hontiveros v. IAC, 132 SCRA 745
Unson v. Navarro, 101 SCRA 183

D. Substitute Parental Authority

FC, Arts. 214-216, 233

E. Special Parental Authority

FC, Arts. 218-219, 233
c.f. FC, Art. 221 in relation to NCC, Art. 2180
Exconde v. Capuno, 101 Phil. 843
Palisoc v. Brillantes, 41 SCRA 548
Amadora v. CA, 160 SCRA 315
Salvosa v. IAC, 166 SCRA 274
St. Mary’s Academy v. Carpitanos, 376 SCRA 473, February 6, 2002

F. Filial Privilege
FC, Art. 215
ROC, Rule 130, Sec. 25 c.f. Secs. 22 & 23

G. Parental Authority over the children’s person

FC, Arts. 220-222
Medina v. Makabali, 27 SCRA 602
Luna v. IAC, 167 SCRA 7
*Disciplinary measures, FC, Arts. 223-224

H. Parental Authority over the child’s property

FC, Arts. 225-227
Lindain v. CA, 212 SCRA 725

I. Suspension or termination of parental authority

1. Permanent termination
Week(s) Topics Discussed
FC, Art. 227 c.f. RA 6809

2. Non-permanent termination
FC, Art. 229 c.f. FC, Art. 193

3. Suspension of parental authority

FC, Arts. 231-232
Chua v. Cabandang, 27 SCRA 791, March 28, 1969

4. Revival

Week 17 XVI. EMANCIPATION

(May 4) A. Cause of emancipation
FC, Art. 234 as amended

B. Effect of emancipation
FC, Art. 236 as amended, c.f. FC, Art. 15 and NCC, Art. 2180

XVII. SUMMARY JUDICIAL PROCEEDINGS

FC, Arts. 238-253

XVIII. SURNAMES
NCC, Arts. 364-330
RA 8805
RA 9048
RA 9255
Naldoza v. Republic, supra
Johnston v. Republic, 7 SCRA 1040
Llaneta v. Agrava, 57 SCRA 29
Tolentino v. CA, 162 SCRA 66 (1988)
Legamia v. IAC, 131 SCRA 479
Alanis Hi v. CA, G.R. No. 216425, November 11, 2020

XIX. ABSENCE
NCC, Arts. 381-396
FC, Art. 41
Reyes v. Alejandro, 41 SCRA 65
Eastern Shipping v. Lucero, 124 SCRA 425
Tol-Noquera v. Villamor, 211 SCRA 616

XX. FUNERALS
NCC, Arts. 305-310
Eugenio v. Velez, supra

XXI. CIVIL REGISTER

NCC, Arts. 407-413
ROC, Rule 108
Republic v. Sayo, 188 SCRA 634
Republic v. Valencia, 141 SCRA 462
Republic v. Marcos, 182 SCRA 223
Week(s) Topics Discussed
Labayo-Rowe v. Republic, 168 SCRA 294

Week 18 Final Exams

(May 11)