Medical Informatics

[Link] MD Professor Of Microbiology

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Albert Einstein

Imagination is more important than knowledge"

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Informatics
The application of information technologies to optimize the information management function within an organization
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Information technology
Any technology which processes and communicates data, includes:
computers, voice, data and image sensing and communications devices, graphics devices, multi-media storage, etc. pen, paper, telephones and fax machines
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Medical Informatics
"the science of analysis, documentation,

steering, control and synthesis of information processes within the health care delivery system, especially in the classical environment and medical practice".
Recihertz P Protokoll der Klausurtagung Ausbildungsziele, Inhalte und Methoden in der Medizinischen Informatik Ulm: Reisenberg/b. 1973
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Health or Medical Informatics

The terms 'medical informatics' and 'health informatics' have been variously defined, but can be best understood as the understanding, skills and tools that enable the sharing and use of information to deliver healthcare and promote health. 'Health informatics' is now tending to replace the previously commoner term 'medical informatics', reflecting a widespread concern to define an information agenda for health services which recognises the role of citizens as agents in their own care, as well as the major informationhandling roles of the non-medical healthcare professions. BMIS (2002)
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Medical Informatics
Knowledge Management Clinical Information Management

Communication

Decision Support

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Health Informatics
Health informatics is seen as to be concerned with the individual and group behaviour of health care personnel in their interaction with information and information technologies. Medical informatics is seen to be rooted in medicine and computer science the social, organizational, and policy aspects of information technology are not usually taken into consideration
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Health Informatics consists of

Information Technology
Health care Research Education

Fundamentals
Communication Knowledge Management Decision support Clinical Information Management
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Are too slow adopting the change

Medical schools have long recognized the need to revise their teaching methodology, but have been slow to change.
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Why Learn Medical Informatics?

In the 1920-1930s the Radio was very cool. In those days, the Radio was not a black box with buttons you have in your car. To get a good reception, you had to know a little bit about electronics and things...
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Why Learn Medical Informatics?

Computers are fast and affordable today. If you dont know a little bit about what "coils are inside you will get frustrated and will bother other people. And yet we want computers and IT now!
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ICT based Leaning

As we have to use information and communication technologies (ICT) in education but how to do so, and how to ensure equitable access for teachers and learners, ICT removes problems concerning space and time. Computers are increasingly used in medical education.
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The first challenge

We have to prepare future physicians for the changing behaviors of patients, who are increasingly Internetsavvy and who sometimes appear to know more about their diseases than their own teachers
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The second challenge

This is closely linked to the first, is to raise awareness among physicians and Medical students in training of the many benefits of using ICT to Improve not only the quality of interventions and health care delivery but, from a broader perspective, the organization of the health care system itself
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The third challenge

Is to motivate medical students and practitioners to use ICT to find information, learn and develop. It is proposed that information Literacy should be a mandatory skill for all medical students. The e-learning mode of training is also addressed. Although underemployed in most medical faculties, it represents the future of initial and continuous medical training. Virtual resources and communities, simulations and 3D animations are also discussed.
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The fourth challenge.

A further challenge inherent to the use of ICT in medical education is how to implement this innovation into teaching and learning

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Objectives: To train all the

Medical students and Faculty in the Medical information and Technology

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Medical Education is shifting to Problem based learning

There has been a philosophical shift in medical education in recent years. Pioneered by the McMaster and Newcastle medical schools, there has been a move from the traditional lecturefocussed program to a problem-based approach (Harden).
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Information fluency is the intersection of information literacy, computer literacy and critical thinking.

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Computers Medicine Computer and power of computers in the science and medicine
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Modern Methods of [Link] Use of Internet, Modern methods in Internet search

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ICT Medicine
Information and communicatio n technology for Medical professionals
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E-learning and Resources

Retrieval of Medical information e-learning in Medicine Podcasting and Video casting in Medicine
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Contributing on WWW

Contributing and sharing our knowledge on World Wide Web

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Medical Informatics Improves Educational Strategies

Didactic vs problem solving Competencies
Word processing Information retrieval Information management Data analysis Presentation Communication skills
E-mail, file transfer, web

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Knowledge is exploding and Patients are demanding

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Medical Education is shifting to Problem based learning

There has been a philosophical shift in medical education in recent years. Pioneered by the McMaster and Newcastle medical schools, there has been a move from the traditional lecturefocussed program to a problem-based approach (Harden).
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Orientation by teachers is the primary goal

By making our primary goal the preparation of students to be medical information managers, we have a strong rationale for the inclusion of medical informatics applications into the curriculum. This goal also provides a criterion by which the appropriateness of curricular offerings can be judged and the outcomes of instruction can be evaluated.
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Informatics Use in Health Care

Communication
Telemedicine Tele-radiology Patient e-mail Presentations

Decision Support
Reminder systems Diagnostic Expert Systems Drug Interaction

Knowledge management
Journals Consumer Health information Evidence-based medical information

Information Management
Electronic Medical Records Billing transactions Ordering Systems

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Computer-aided instruction
These include computer-aided instruction, learning about computers and their applications, use of computer-based information resources, use of computers as a tool and as a mechanism for information management, decision support and communication.) While medical informatics includes computer applications, it is not limited only to the use of computers, but includes the knowledge, skills and attitudes involved in seeking, manipulating and using biomedical information.
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Best strategy/practice?!

Allow users/students to do the work themselves. Then, we should simply follow up with them to make sure that they are successful. Socratic questioning (i.e., reference interview) is useful too!
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Faculty should provide electronic information

Faculty must identify the prerequisite information and skills that students need to enable them to access electronic information sources, as well as the course content the student needs to "know" and the information the student needs to "know how to access" electronically.
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Virtual reality in teaching a priority in Medical Education

The use of virtual reality in simulated procedures is a new application of computers in medical education and is as yet in its infancy. Procedures can be standardised and trainees able to test and practice their skills.
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Medical Informatics to be part of Curriculum

Medical informatics to be incorporated into medical school curricula in developing world. So Medical informatics allows physicians to access, analyze, and manage information so that they can make educated decisions in patient care .The use of computers and the related technology is essential for communication and information-sharing with colleagues, for public and patient education, and for professional development
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Continued efforts by Faculty will create interest

Continued efforts must be made to teach them the skills necessary so that they can benefit from available and evolving technology. In addition, we recommend that students be introduced to computer-based testing early in their medical school careers to improve their comfort levels with this medium
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So, I think information fluency is

communicating, problem solving, evaluating, analyzing, synthesizing, and reflecting on the entire process.

having the ability to think critically while being able to apply this thinking across a variety of literacies (e.g., information, technological, cultural, scientific etc.) in order to foster understanding, support sound decision-making, and guide action in the classroom and beyond!

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Students should develop interest in electronic information

Students' attitudes toward their education may also have to change. Students need to learn that they must be information seekers as well as information managers. They also need to acquire knowledge about relevant sources of information, and the skills to access electronic information.
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Medical Informatics makes the better Health Managers

Our primary goal the preparation of students to be medical information managers, we have a strong rationale for the inclusion of medical informatics applications into the curriculum.

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Progress of Medical Informatics

Many Medical Informatics research centres developed computerized medical record systems Incorporating Medical Informatics design principles. With the shift to clinician-driven designs Many of these survived today and others are making a resurgence
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Patient data is most important source of information Change from Hard copy to Soft copies
As medical knowledge continues to expand rapidly with demands for more efficient coordination of patient data become paramount, and the pressures for improved practice and application of evidence based medicine increases, medical informatics will have increasing influence in our working lives as clinicians.
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Determines the extent of information needed.

An information literate individual

Accesses the needed information effectively and efficiently. Evaluates information and its sources critically.

Incorporates selected information into ones knowledge base.

Uses information effectively to accomplish a specific purpose.

Understands the economic, legal, and social issues surrounding the use of information, and access and use information ethically and legally.
Source: ACRL Information Literacy Competency Standards for Higher Education [Link] MD

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No matter what the future brings we will always need the skills to think critically about whatever information is in front of us regardless of format. Technology cannot truly comprehend for us!

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Information technology is not a remedy for all ills in Medical Education

Information technology must not be viewed as a potential cure to the current ailments of medical education. It may be part of the solution and should be treated as such
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Training Our Medicos a Priority

Medical informatics certainly helps to fill the gaps in teaching methods. Training our Medicos in ICT will change the perceptions of Health care and Delivery system.
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e- books and e-resources

Electronic learning (elearning) is moving from textbooks in electronic format (that are increasingly enhanced by the use of multimedia adjuncts) to a truly interactive medium that can be delivered to meet the educational needs of students and postgraduate learners
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Indian Journal of Medical Informatics (IJMI)

Indian Journal of Medical Informatics (IJMI) is an Open Access, peer-reviewed, online journal adopting a broad definition of "medical informatics" and focusing on the applied aspects of computers to healthcare delivery.
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Summary
Medical Informatics discipline is not new Yet appears to only be in its infancy in terms of enhancing medical practice Medical Informatics has the potential to benefit patient care as much as a newly discovered drug / therapy Yet direct benefits will not come in classic form therapeutic interventions.
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 Created by [Link] MD for e learning resources for Medical professionals in Developing World Email doctortvrao@[Link]

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