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Venn Diagrams and Probability Calculations

This document contains 5 questions about probability, sets, Venn diagrams, and descriptive statistics. Question 1 involves sets, unions, intersections and cardinality. Question 2 uses a Venn diagram to answer questions about sets P and Q. Question 3 calculates probabilities of drawing certain cards from a standard deck. Question 4 finds probabilities of drawing colored marbles with and without replacement. Question 5 calculates the mode, median, mean, range, standard deviation and comments on the skewness using a data set.

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9 views3 pages

Venn Diagrams and Probability Calculations

This document contains 5 questions about probability, sets, Venn diagrams, and descriptive statistics. Question 1 involves sets, unions, intersections and cardinality. Question 2 uses a Venn diagram to answer questions about sets P and Q. Question 3 calculates probabilities of drawing certain cards from a standard deck. Question 4 finds probabilities of drawing colored marbles with and without replacement. Question 5 calculates the mode, median, mean, range, standard deviation and comments on the skewness using a data set.

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Short sample Test 1

This is a short sample test only. Reading through the lecture


notes, watching the lecture video and doing the homework Q &
A is the best way to prepare for the test.

1. Given U = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6} , B = {1, 2, 3} , A = {2, 3, 4, 5}

Find:
a. B ∩ A b. n(A) c. |B ∪ A| d. A ∩ B
{2, 3} 4 5 {1}

State whether true or false:


e. {2, 3, 6}  A f. 3 ∈ A g. 4  B
False True True

2. Study the Venn diagram below and answer the following questions

P Q
1 5
2 4
3 6

7 8 9

a. n(Q) b. P ∪ Q c. Q ∩ P
3 {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6} {5, 6}
3. Pick one (1) card from a standard pack of 52 cards:
a. What is the probability of getting a Six or a Spades?

P(4 or Spades) = P(6) + P(Spades) – P(6 and Spades)


= + – =

b. What is the probability of getting a King?

P(King) =

c. What is the probability of getting a Three given that the card was a Heart?

( )
P(3 | Heart) = = =
( )

4. Select two (2) marbles from a bag containing 3 reds and 2 blacks.
a. Assuming you do not replace marbles back into the bag, what is the
probability of selecting a red first and then a black second – P(R and B)?

P(R and B) = P(R) • P(B | R) = • = dependent events

b. Assuming you do replace marbles back into the bag, what is the probability
of selecting a red first and then a black second – P(R and B)?

P(R and B) = P(R) • P(B) = • = independent events


5. For the following data, calculate:

6, 4, 8, 14 order data first: 4, 6, 8, 14

a. the mode Mo no mode

b. the median = = = 2.5, average of the 2nd and 3rd data items
Md = = 7

∑
c. the arithmetic mean x = = = 8

d. the range range = 14 – 4 = 10

e. the standard deviation

∑ ∙( ) ∙( )
s = = = = = 4.32049…

f. comment on the skewness of the data set, and give reasons for your answer.

Data is skewed to the right: mean is greater than the median; 14 is the data item
skewing the data to the right

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