SEMESTER - V
STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS – II
SUBJECT CODE : CE-C501
UNIVERSITY OF MUMBAI
HANDWRITTEN NOTES
as per Choice Based Credit Grading System (CBCGS)
Revised Course (REV-2016)
By
#AkshayThakur
TITLE PAGE NO.
SYLLABUS 02
APPROXIMATE MARKS 07
SYLLABUS FLOW CHART 09
MODULE 1 : GENERAL (STATIC & KINEMATIC -
DETERMINANCY & INDETERMINANCY) 10
TWO HINGED ARCHES 36
MODULE 2 : DEFLECTION OF STATICALLY DETERMINATE
44
STRUCTURES
MODULE 3 : ANALYSIS OF INDETERMINATE STRUCTURES 53
BY FORCE METHOD
3.1 - CLAPEYRON’S THEOREM OF THREE MOMENTS. 56
3.2 - FLEXIBILITY METHOD 62
MODULE 4 : ANALYSIS OF INDETERMINATE STRUCTURES
73
BY DISPLACEMENT METHODS
4.1 - DIRECT STIFFNESS METHOD 74
4.2 - SLOPE DEFLECTION METHOD 86
4.3 - MOMENT DISTRIBUTION METHOD 93
4.4 - KANI'S METHOD 101
MODULE 5 : PLASTIC ANALYSIS OF STEEL STRUCTURES 108
MODULE 6 : APPROXIMATE METHOD FOR ANALYSIS OF 121
BUILDING FRAMES
6.1 - PORTAL METHOD 122
6.2 - CANTILEVER METHOD 133
6.3 - SUBSTITUTE FRAME METHOD 138
SUMMARY (OF ALL CHAPTERS) 139
ECS/HN/SA-II/1.0
Semester V
Subject Code Subject Name Credits
CEC501 Structural Analysis-II 5
Contact Hours Credits Assigned
Theory Practical Tutorial Theory Practical Tutorials Total
4 - 2 4 1 - 5
Theory Term Work/
Practical/Oral
Internal Assessment End Sem Duration of Total
Test Test Average Exam End Sem TW PR OR
1 2 Exam
20 20 20 80 3 Hrs. 25 - 25 150
Rationale
There are various types of components in civil engineering structures, which are subjected to
different types of loading or combinations thereof. The knowledge gained in the subjects such
as Engineering Mechanics, Strength of Materials and Structural Analysis -I is extended in this
subject. The scope of the subject is to evaluate the response in the form of shear forces,
bending moments, axial forces, and displacement parameters in various statically
indeterminate structures such as beams, rigid and pin jointed frames. The course involves the
concept of the displacement and flexibility approach for analysing the indeterminate
structures. The course also involves the analysis of the indeterminate structures using the
concept of plastic analysis and approximate analysis.
Objectives
• To revise the various concepts involved in the analyses of the structures studied in the
course Structural Analysis-I.
• To analyze the statically determinate structures with reference to the variation in the
temperature.
• To understand the concept of static and kinematic indeterminacy (degrees of freedom) of
the structures such as beams & rigid pin jointed frames.
• To understand the concepts/ broad methods, sub-methods involved in the analysis of
indeterminate structures.
• To apply various methods for analyzing the indeterminate structures to evaluate the
response of such structures in the form of bending moment, shear force, axial force etc.
• To study the analyses of frame by approximate method.
Detailed Syllabus
Module Sub Modules/Contents Periods
1. General 04
Types of structures occurring in practice, their classification.
Stable and unstable structures, static and kinematic determinacy and
indeterminacy of structure.
Symmetric structures, symmetrical & anti-symmetrical loads,
distinction between linear and non-linear behaviors of material and
geometric non-linearity.
Two hinged arches: Introduction, classification and structural behavior
(no numerical).
2. Deflection of statically determinate structures 04
Introduction to the concept of complimentary energy, absolute &
relative deflection caused by loads, temperature changes settlement
of supports, application to beams, pin jointed frames, rigid jointed
frames.
3. Analysis of indeterminate structures by Force Method 14
3.1 Application of the Clapeyron’s Theorem of Three Moments.
Castigliano’s theorem of least work. Fixed Beams
3.2 Flexibility coefficients and their use in formulation of
compatibility equations. Application to propped cantilevers, fixed
beams, continuous beam and rigid jointed frames.
3.3 Application of flexibility method to simple pin jointed frames
including effect of lack of fit for members.
4. Analysis of indeterminate structures by Displacement Methods 18
4.1 Direct stiffness method:
Stiffness coefficients for prismatic members, their use for
formulation of equilibrium equations. Application to
indeterminate beams & simple rigid jointed frames with inclined
member but having only one translation degree of freedom.
4.2 Slope deflection method:
Development of slope deflection equation, their use for
formulation of equilibrium equations. Application to
indeterminate beams & simple rigid jointed frames with inclined
member but having only one translation
degree of freedom including the effect of settlement of supports.
4.3 Moment distribution method:
Stiffness factor, distribution factor, Application to indeterminate
beams & simple rigid jointed frames, having only one translation
degree of freedom including the effect of settlement of supports.
4.4 Kani's Method:
Fundamental equation of Kani's Method, application to simple
beams and frames with single storey with two bays
5. Plastic analysis of Steel structures 06
5.1 Introduction to plastic analysis, Concept of plastic hinge, plastic
moment carrying capacity, shape factor.
5.2 Determination of collapse load for single and multiple span
beams.
6. Approximate Method for Analysis of Building Frames 06
6.1 Approximate method for gravity loads:Substitute frame method
and equivalent frames.
6.2 Approximate method for lateral loads:Portal and cantilever
method.
Total 52
Contribution to Outcomes
On completion of this course, the students will be able to:
• Understand the behavior of various statically indeterminate structures subjected to
static loads and variation in temperature.
• Analyze the structures using displacement parameters to find out the internal forces such
as axial force, shear force, bending moment, twisting moments, etc. for beams, 2D portal
frames with various loads and boundary conditions, which becomes the basis for
structural design.
• Contrast between the concept of force and displacement methods of analysis of
indeterminate structures. Also, the elastic curve in beams and frames under the action
of loads.
• Understand the concept of plastic hinge, plastic moment carrying capacity, shape factor
and collapse load for single and multiple span beams.
• Find out the approximate dimensions of beams and columns using the approximate
method for giving the input in design software. The knowledge gained in this subject shall
also be useful for application in the structural design in later years and also useful in the
civil engineering field for the analysis purpose.
• Demonstrate the ability to extend the knowledge gained in this subject for their higher
years UG Programme subjects such as Advanced Structural Analysis and Advanced
Structural Mechanics in which they will be dealing with the indeterminate structures.
Theory examination:
1. The question paper will comprise of six questions; each carrying 20 marks.
2. The first question will be compulsory and will have short questions having weightage of
4-5 marks covering the entire syllabus.
3. The remaining five questions will be based on all the modules of the entire syllabus. For
this, the modules shall be divided proportionately and further, the weightage of the
marks shall be judiciously awarded in proportion to the importance of the sub-module
and contents thereof.
4. The students will have to attempt any three questions out of remaining five questions.
5. Total four questions need to be attempted.
Oral Examination:
The oral Examination shall be based upon the entire syllabus and the term work consisting
of the tutorials and assignments.
Term Work:
The term work shall comprise of neatly written report based on tutorials and assignments.
The term work shall cover the entire syllabus in such a way that the students would attempt
at least four problems on each sub-modules and contents thereof.
At least twenty solved problem have to be validated by using available computer
software. Or
At least ten solved problem (validated by using available computer software) and Analysis of
(G+2) portal frame with minimum three bays.
Distribution of the Term Work Marks:
The marks of the term work shall be judiciously awarded depending upon the quality of the
term work. Final certification, acceptance of term work warrants a satisfactorily appropriate
completion of assignments the minimum passing marks to be obtained by the students. The
following weightage of marks shall be given for different components of the term work:
• Assignments: 20 marks
• Attendance: 5 marks
Further, while giving weightage of marks on the attendance, following guidelines shall be
resorted to: 75%- 80%: 03 Marks; 81%- 90%: 04 Marks 91% onwards: 05 Marks
Recommended Books:
1. Basic Structural Analysis: C.S. Reddy, Tata McGraw Hill New Delhi.
2. Structural analysis: A Matrix Approach, Pandit and Gupta, Tata McGraw Hill publications.
3. Mechanics of Structures: Vol-I: S. B. Junnarkar and H.J. Shah, Charotar Publishers, Anand.
4. Analysis of Structures: Vol. I and II, Vazirani and Ratwani
5. Basic Structural Analysis: K.U. Muthu, Azmi Ibrahim, I K International publishing house,
Pvt. ltd.
6. Theory of Structures: S. Ramamrutham, Dhanpatrai and Sons, Delhi
7. Comprehensive structural analysis (Vol. I and II), Vaidyanathan R., Laxmi publications
8. Structural Analysis: Bhavikatti, Vikas publisher house Pvt, ltd.
9. Structural Analysis: Devdas Menon, Narosa Publishing House.
10. Structural Analysis: L.S. Negi and R.S. Jangid, Tata Mc-Graw Hill India
11. Fundamentals of Structural Analysis: Sujit Kumar Roy and Subrota Chakrabarty, S. Chand
Publications.
12. Structural analysis: Mohandas and Bhargab Mohan, Prentice hall international
13. Structural analysis: T. S. Thandavmoorthy, Oxford University Press
Reference Books:
1. Structural Analysis: Hibbler, Pentice Hall International.
2. Structural Analysis: Chajes, ElBS London.
3. Theory of Structures: Timoshenko and Young, Tata McGraw Hill New Delhi.
4. Element of Structural Analysis: Norries and Wilbur, McGraw Hill.
5. Structural Analysis: Laursen H.I, McGraw Hill Publishing Co.
6. Structural theorem and their application: B.G. Neal, Pergaman Press.
7. Structural Analysis: Kassimali, TWS Publications
8. Fundamentals of Structural analysis: K.M. Leet, C.M. Uang and A.M. Gilbert, Tata
McGraw Hill New Delhi.
9. Elementary theory of Structures: Heish, Prentice Hall
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