UNIT1 Introduction ‘Modality: Discussion Learning Outcomes | Learning competencies Values | After completing the session, the learners shall be able to: 1. Understand and explain | 1. Discuss the history | 1. The students will the historical back- and development of have a deep appreci- ground of the tourism the tourism industry. ation of the histori- industry. 2. Explain basicconcepts | cal background of 2. Explain and define the in Tour Guiding ser- tourism. basic concepts in Tour vices 2. This will inculcate Guiding services such | 3. Define Tourism and to learner's cogni- as: Tour Guide tion and Apprecia- © Meaning of Tour- | 4. Enumerate the types tion of the tourism ism and Definition of Tour Guides industry, the com- of Tour Guide 5, Understand the duties | __plex job of a tour © Types of Tour and responsibilities of guide, and the nec- Guides a Tour Guide essary multiple skills © Duties and 6. Discuss the character- required for an Responsibilities of istics that Tour guides effective tour guide- aTour Guide must possess front liner. © Characteristics of a Tour Guides Scanned with CamScanner«MA. DOLORES N. SALAMANCA AND HENRIETTA M. ROQUE History of Tourism there were three reasons why ancient people traveled: danger, hunger, and bad ‘weather. The narrative of Marco Polo in the 13th century; the "grand tour" of the British aristocracy to Europe in the 18th century; and the journeys of David Livingston through Africa in the 19th century are all examples of first travel and tourism. Thomas Cook founded of the first inclusive tours with his use of a chartered train in 1841 © transport tourists from Loughborough to Leicester. Before the 1950s in Europe, tous was only a domestic activity with some international travel between countries, maislY from continental Europe. During the recovery period, after WW I, a combination ° circumstances gave way to international travel. Among the principal contributing foto" were the growing number of people in employment, the increase in disposable incom and available leisure time, and changing social attitudes towards leisure and work. ‘Thest factors combined to stimulate the latent demand for foreign travel and holidays: ™* Tx can be traced back when peopled began to travel. During the old days >] Scanned with CamScannerTOUR GUIDING SERVICES « 3 evolution of transportation also contributed to the development of travel and touri From merely walking, which isthe oldest mode of transport, tothe use ofanneale, othe invention of wheels, automobiles, trains, wooden ships and sails, to the inventiot of airplanes, all these have given contributions to the development of travel and ara ‘The emergence of specialist tour operators who organized inclusive holidays by purchasing transport, accommodation, and related services and selling these at a single price, brought foreign holidays within the price-range of a new and growing group of consumers. The "package" or "inclusive" tour democratized travel in Europe; foreign holidays were no Ionger the preserve of the affluent and socially elite classes. The Meaning of Tourism ourism, the most important civil industry in the world has been an activity known the last 200 years, according to Sanchez (2009). It is one of the largest and fastest-growing global industries, creating significant employment and economic development, particularly in many developing countries. Tourism also plays a vital role in the economy, since it creates jobs and stimulates the regional economy to a great extent. Often dubbed as the “borderless white “industry, it is thought to be a vital development agent and an ideal economic alternative to more traditional and secondary sectors (Roque, 2014). Also, it is an effective tool to introduce the culture of the area and hospitality to the visitors according to Pratt (2011). Tourism is an important, even vital, source of income for many countries. Its importance was recognized in the Manila Declaration on World Tourism of 1980 as “an activity essential to the life of nations because of its direct effects on the social, cultural, educational, «and economic sectors of national societies and their international relations." The Various Tourism And Hospitality Service Industries ransportation services, he service industries which benefit from tourism include t and taxicabs; hospitality services, such as such as airlines, cruise ships, accommodations, including hotels and resorts; and entertainment venues, such as amusement parks, casinos, shopping malls, music venues, and %© goods bought by tourists, including souvenirs, clothing and other supplies. Ven: theaters. This is in addition re/ wi ism. Scanned with CamScannerbe MA, DOLORES N. SALAMANCA AND HENRIETTA M, ROQUE History of Tour Guiding Guiding ranks among the world’s oldest profession Historical accounts of ave! = = Persian to the Greek Empire, from the Roman to the Middle Ag ‘out the Rennaisance way into the modern times. Tour Guides before were "proxemos“ and “cicerones “( Cruz, 2008).The guide’ S=« references to tour guiding are found in the annals of history, such that Tour throu; Scanned with CamScannerTOUR GUIDING SERVICES + § The first tour operator went into business in England in 1758 and is still in business today. In Europe, pleasure travel started in earnest during the 1840s, when Thomas Cook began ound Europe. By the 1850s, railroad tours were al ready in operation. Modern tour operators ~ companies that organize group tours and independent travel packages— dates back to the mid-nineteenth century, and most likely have their roots as ticket agents for steamship lines and railroads. In addition to selling Passage, the agents were eventually called upon to develop itineraries and secure accom modations for their wealthy clients. Out of this grew the related business of selling planned tours to groups of travelers. The post-World War II period, beginning with the late 1940s and early 1950s, marked a dramatic turning point for the tour operator industry. The growth of low-cost airlines increased access to airports, and the ability to travel more cheaply and the travel bug sent millions of people all over the planet. conducting tours to Paris and later a Scanned with CamScanner6 + MA, DOLORES N. SALAMANCA AND HENRIETTA M, ROQUE Tourism Concepts T= Buiding services mean tour guides’ tour reception services on behalf of the appointed travel and tour agency to receive or accompany tourists in their Process of travel o sight-seeing according to the contract of the tour party or the tpg, bated contents and criteria (OBrien etl,2012). Tour-guide service isthe core and linkage of tour reception service as well as an important part of the whole tour service produ Purchased by tourists. What Is Tourism? T= World Tourism Organization (WTO) in 1993 came up with the definition of fourism as “comprised of activities of persons traveling to and staying in places Outside of their usual environment for not more than one consecutive year for leisure, business, and other purposes” = Tourism ftur-izum/ def: The practice and Corea s i and tra business of vacations a one of around the world. Touris' a e the fastest growing industr! Scanned with CamScannerTOUR GUIDING SERVICES + 7 What is a Tour Guide? n ordinary person might think of a i ee or not, they are called tour guides. In the travel indust te 7 mised slene guide"has a precise meaning, Often called frontline, he takes anaes aaa gn the linted and specified duration of time. To define tour gulde, ae ee sie! Gt smount of tock heli exposed pcos eas tas ctbee ste BONS role which is so varied and by the provision of tourist services bein, tenes laa 1g requested. ( Guides A tour guide isa person who takes tourists around the places of interest, on foot (walkabout four oF walking tour) or on the bus ( running or rolling tow). He is expected to impart information to the guests during the tour ( Salamanca, 2016 ). This refers t0 a person OF an individual, who either as an employee or an affiliate of a licensed tour operator who ‘manages and constantly accompanies local or foreign tourists and other visitors within the country in order look after the general well-being and to provide information and explanations on matters relating to history, archeology, culture, places of interests and other highlights of the destinations which may promote the country’s tourism. Their ser her form of f lawful remuneration. Before a tour sionally, requirements must be met, .d as per requirement from the Local vices are for a fee, commission or any oW Buide can perform his duties officially and profes documents submitted and proper training complete Government Office or the Department of Tourism. Scanned with CamScanner§ « MA, DOLORES N. SALAMANCA AN Why Do People Go On Tour? ver the years, many theories were developed to explain tourists’ motivations fo, traveling. One very common theory used in the study of motivations is Abraham Maslow's different Hierarchy of Needs: D HENRIETTA M. ROQUE Table 1. Description of the different Human Needs by Maslow Need to breathe, need for water, Tour packages that offer frequent rest stop Physiological _need to eat, need to dispose of Readily available food outlets in theme parks needs bodily waste, the need for sleep, © Sleeping shelters strategically located need for body comfort and exer- cise, ete. | Need for security of employment, Reservation service provided at government Safety revenues, and resources, need for approved agencies need physical security, need for moral Cruise ships providing medical facilities and and physiological security, need doctors for familial security, need for se- © Tour Guide services provided in exotic or curity of health unfamiliar locations Need for friendship, intimacy, © Group tours with people having similar in- Love/ Belong- having a family, and need to be- terests ing long to a group © Group recognition gained by membership in frequent-user programs given by airlines ‘0 Trips to explore one's ancestral “roots Need to be respected, need for 0 Incentive travel awards for superior com Esteem self-respect, need to respect oth- pany performance ers; need for recognition, need for 0 Flowers, champagne and other tokens it) activity that gives the person a recognition of occasions sense of contribution and self value ee Need to make the most of ones 0 Educational tours and erulses ‘unique abilities and need to strive ‘Theme parks providing educational OPP” po bere Best tunities and glimpse of other culeures © Leaming the language and cuore PAT cae traveling to another count ibosada (2007), Roy (1999) Scanned with CamScannerTOUR GUIDING SERVICES + 9 Do you want to be a Tour Guide? a ooo oooo Be ready to face people Have to talk in front of the listening guests pertinent and otherwise) joving vehicle while talking Have enough courage to answer questions ( Trained to stand in front, not to get distracted by the m¢ with the guests and delivering commentary Able to project good values, ethics, and professionalism on tour Prepared for any decision-making as the need arises ect with the audience/guests Speak with and from the heart and conn’ wn which can be beyond the tour Perform other tasks according to the situation guiding work. Scanned with CamScanner10 + MA, DOLORES N. SALAMANCA AND HENRIETTA M. ROQUE Types of Tour Guides 1. On-site Guide ~ They conduct tour for an hour or more at a specific building, place or site like 2 museum curator who is well- inform about the place. 2. Docents - These are guides who normally volunteer for a small museum or archive, often work for free. 3. City Guide - They do city guiding and points the many differents highlights of a city, usually doing this on a coach, van or any ‘transport service. There are some instances that guests would go down and do some walking. 4. Driver-Guide ~ This refers to a tour guide and driver at the same time. Performs guiding work while driving. 5. Personal or Private Guide - Their service is on an on- call basis, for an individual small group, exclusive tour. 6. Specialized Guide - This refers to guide whose expertise or skills are highly unique, 2% not many of this type are available. be 7. Step-on Guide — This relates to a guide who get on the bus at the destination to 4° ‘commentary normally about a certain facility, topic or site. ga 0 8 ‘Local Guide - This refers to a person who is competent enough to give information. 2 particular area or locality. 9 Specialise Guide ~This refers to one who specializes in some areas such # “ architecture, churches, flora and fauna, mountains, etc. Scanned with CamScannerTOUR GUIDING SERVICES + 11 10. Staff Guide - This refers to the one who is permanently connected with a tour/travel agency and paid per day or monthly basis, 11. Freelance Guide - This refers to a person who is not permanently connected with tour/travel agency and is paid per trip basis only 12, Indigenous Guide -This guide is usually a member of a tribe, a native of a certain community who has a deep understanding of the cultural background of the people, 13, Naturalist Guide — This refers to an expert on natural attractions such as caves, lakes, rivers, mountains, seascapes, etc. 14, Cruise Ship Guide - This refers to cruise ship personnel in charge of guiding onboard {guests to tour various department of the vessel 15, Transfer Guide- Can also be referred to as the Courier, usually in charge of the “meet and greet” of tourists and guests, taking charge of the baggage and luggage to be trans- ferred from point of arrival to point of send-off 16. Tour Escort- This refers to accompanying tourists from the point of origin to the point of destinations and return to the point of origin acting as coordinators of the tour activities for a specified number of days stated in the tour package. 17, Outbound Guide (Tour Leader) ~ This refers to accompanying tourists from the point of origin to the point of destination and back to the point of origin acting as manager of the tour activities for a specified number of days stated in the tour package, but this time, the activity is out of the country. Scanned with CamScanner1a « MA, DOLORES N. SALAMANCA AND HENRIETTA M. ROQUE See ee a aaa Eanes Duties and Responsibilities of a Tour Guide 1. 10, Ensure guest is safe. Provide the guests information, which is a product of research. Explain it fi without prejudice. h, Avoid opinionated commentaries by making negative, and insulting remarks that wi) embarrass the Philippine government, the people, their culture, and traditions, Ensure a factual presentation of information, distinguish true stories, legends, traditions, rituals, and opinions. ‘Act fairly and reasonably in all dealings with colleagues, suppliers and co-workers in the tourism industry. Always act with tact and diplomacy in dealing with the guests. Never report for duty when intoxicated with alcohol. Never take advantage of the ignorance of the guests, who rely on the information you are sharing with them. Be prepared to attend to the guest's needs and make sure that their visit will be a go™! memory to keep. Never allow yourself to be used by the unscrupulous group and take advantage of your contact with the guests as their guide. a. War them about plants that might cause some allergies b. Food and drinks that might not suit their digestive system ¢. Elevation for those with vertigo or fear of height Dogs that might bite ©. Presence of pickpockets in crowded areas. rT Scanned with CamScanner‘TOUR GUIDING SERVICES « 13, 11. Protect the reputation of tourism in the country by making every guiding assignment a treat on the environment, wildlife, sights and monuments and local customs and sensitivities. 12, Act asa representative of the country and the people. Qualities of an Effective Tour Guide Love of country People-loving Open-mindedness Tactfulness Punctuality Proper decorum Honesty Resourcefuulness Self-confidence Sense of humor Enthusiasm. Sense of leadership Fairness in treatment Good health Good communicator Patience Reasonable Assertive Humble Polite ‘Thematic Passionate Organized Able to Focus e é & e e & e e e e o o & e e rs o e o & e e e e Scanned with CamScannere.. | 14 + MA, DOLORES N. SALAMANCA AND HENRIETTA M. ROQUE Characteristics of a Tour Guide LEADER Teacher Psychologist WALKING ENCYCLOPEDIA CHEERLEADER REGULATOR. Host Ambassador ENTERTAINER Problem Solver Trouble Shooter Liaison between Guests and Tour Compan al Scanned with CamScannerUNIT 2 The Tourism Actors and Components Modality: Discussion, technology-aided visual presentation Learning Outcomes Learning Competen- Values cies ‘At the end of the session, the learners shall be able to: 7. Identify the source | 1. Identification of | 1. Have an appreciation of information tourism —infor-| _of modern technology such as: mation about the] as a tool to acquire © Whoare your profile of the tour-| knowledge about the tourists ists/guests. tourists. © Tourism 2, Understand the | 2. Have a thorough un- Product com- elements of a tour} derstanding of | the ponents itinerary composition of the © Types of tours group (profile) 3. Analyze and under- stand of the tour itin- erary 4, Have a balance disci- pline of the Intellectual (right mind) and Emotional Quotient (right heart) 5, Become very good ser- vice provider. 7 Scanned with CamScanner1ET’ a8 » MA, DOLORES N. SALAMANCA AND HENR! Who Are Your Tourists? his refers to the traveler whose stay at the destination or attraction of choice lasts for more than 24 hours or one day, requiring lodging and meals and other fa- cilities. These are the visitors originating from domestic or international locality who travel to the selected destination of choice mindful of the purpose towards recreational activities (Pearce & Moscardo, 1994) without the intention of deriving an economic and finan- cial return on investments (ROI) during the conduct of tour. Tourists’ Source of Traffic Or Origin ‘An overnight visitor -refers to a visitor who spends his/ her night away from home Same-day visitor ~ relates to a visitor who does not spend the night in a collective or pri vate accommodation in the place visited and stay is less than 24 hours. Further category of tourists/ visitors are: TA M. ROQUE Foreign visitor - these are individuals who travel to another nation outside of bi! her residence or usual environment for less than a year for various motivations = sta ssromhy they travel. Foreign tourists are foreign persons admitted eee oe for Purposes of leisure, recreation, holiday, visis in ealth or medical treatment, or religious pilgrimage. The! a night in a collective or private accommodation in the recei” ing count i i 4 try, and their duration of stay must not surpass 12 months. Domestic visitor — r ~ refers t Gf residenes for ss —s iat who travels to a place within their count'Y ir for vari ivati cael tious motivations and objective as to whY Domestic holiday is a holiday (vacation) spent in the overlap with stayeation (in Brith Enelish) a teara ne CURE this class m7 Scanned with CamScannerTOUR GUIDING SERVICES « 19 Components of the Tourism Industry jourism is a highly service-oriented industry and can be understood deeply by the wide scope it encompasses. To start with the components of this industry in the present times, will give us an idea to imagine the many sectors are directly or indirectly benefiting from this dynamic industry Exhibit 1.1: Components of the tourism industry rn Accomodation peas and catering Tourist information Mesure ici CUM I Psspicos “ 1 ¢ ae a UICC Scanned with CamScanner30» MA, DOLORES N. SALAMANCA AND HENRIETTA M. ROQUE Basic Components of the Tourism industry nthe tourism field, some authors had categorized the various tourism concepts into what is now called the A’s of tourism. For the physical and primary components, these are the following: % Accommodation - It is one of the core needs for any tourism activity. Travelers and tourists need lodging for rest while they are on a tour. ‘Accommodation in the form of low budget lodges/hotels to world-class luxury hotels is available at all the major tourist destinations to provide the tourist a home away from home a. Primary b. Secondary % Accessibility - In tourism, it is the ongoing endeavor to ensure tourist destinations, products and services are accessible to all people, regardless of their physical limitations, disabilities or age. It encompasses publicly and privately owned tourist locations. a. Transportation b. Communication Free Cash Vouchers with Grab Taxi Redeem Here! Scanned with CamScannerTOUR GUIDING SERVICES ¢ 21 & aes — are structures that need to be built to cater for tourists. Eg- jot ~ fae ks, oe offices, shops, care hire. Stuffllike that. An amenity is a special "little extra" a business d loes to attract and keep customers, The customers usually do not pay extra for these things or the fee is very minimal. a UNIFIED Gaeta Ald ALLIN 2 BUSINESS interest where tourists visit, typically for its historical significance, natural or built “A physical or cultural feature of \ Attractions - A tourist attraction is a place o! inherent or exhibited natural or cultural value, adventure, and amusement, .al travelers or tourists perceive as capable of meeting features may be climate, cul- such as a theater beauty, offering leisure, 4 particular place that individu: one or more of their specific Ieisure related needs. Such ture, vegetation or scenery, or they may be specific to a location, performance, a museum or a waterfall. Positive or favorable attributes ofan area for a given activity or set of activities as desired by a given customer or market, including climate, scenery, activities, culture. Scanned with CamScanner22 * MA, DOLORES N. SALAMANCA AND HENRIETTA M. ROQUE Attraction can be Classified into the Following Primary Attraction is the main reason for the visiting tourists to a destination. a. Natural attractions are physical phenomena deemed unusual and /or beautiful su, as the Puerto Princesa Subterranean River National Park Underground River g, PPUR. b. Man-made attractions are physical structures like the Banaue Rice Terraces Cs events such as festivals. Secondary Attraction has tourist appeal but are not the primary reason for visiting a loc tion or destination. a. Special Interest or activities that can be done in the area, although there are som® other improvements to be done such as access roads, lack of transportation ané accommodation facilities that would make the tourists stay longer. Negative Attraction is an attribute of an area that tends to make some tourists not considet visiting the destination because of issues like pollution, ! crime, prostitution and other &" vironmental problems in the area. > Activities - a. Indoor b, Outdoor Scanned with CamScannerTOUR GUIDING SERVICES * 23, Further basic components of tourism for the destination to be in the forefront for the tourist to visit the area may have the following characteristics: © Attitude . This may mean how the local community residents behave if they will be seeing presence of visitors to their place, on the other hand, how the tourists interact with the residents while in the chosen destination © Assistance. This can be by way of giving correct and truthful information, directions, comments, and suggestions to individuals and visitors’ inquiries. © Authority. This refers to the enforcers of appropriate government agencies to oversee the destinations maintaining balance of peace and order, safety and security at the area and harmonious existence of residents with the visitors © [Link] is the role of the Local Government Unit to impart and disseminate appropriate rules, guidelines, Code of Conduct, Ethics to visitors and tourists. On the other hand, visitors may also act accordingly and observe Responsible Behavior. © Arrivals. The influx of tourists and visitors coming to the chosen destination and attraction. Scanned with CamScannera 24 * MA. DOLORES N. SALAMANCA AND HENRIETTA M. ROQUE Other Sectors of the Tourism Industry 1. Food and Beverage - Best examples are food chain establishments, restaurants, bars, coffee shops, cafe’, gr pizza parlors. 2. Transportation - This sector provides means of mobility from the point of origin to the point of Qn os ‘ destinations through air, land, water and rail ~ = modes, passing through various types of terrain. 3. Travel Trade - This type of sector represents those business establishments which caters to the visitors needs such as ticketing, passporting and other documents needed for travel Events — any organized activities where there is the participation of people to one common goal, that can either be done in the indoor or outdoor setting. Scanned with CamScannerTOUR GUIDING SERVICES « 25 Spa and Wellness — This is the type of sector where the physical body is given a precise focus for healthcare treatment, for aesthetics and at times simply to just pamper ones'self. Wellness is the hot new word in the spa business. Wellness is the most pow- erful argument against seeing spas as a "luxury" -- a pampering experience that can be cut from the household budget. Wellness means you live in a state of optimal health, well-being, and vitality, and you invest money, time, and energy in the things that help you achieve it. That includes a good diet, exercise, and treatments like massage and body work that keeps you functioning at your best. Wellness makes our lives richer and more enjoyable. MICE Similar to Events but this time, there is agenda, forum, loading of information and the venue set-up is attuned to the theme of the activity which is usually held indoor. Tourism Services - The definition of tourism service is the services one receives from their tourist provider. It can include things such as the airline, transportation, the ho- tels and entertainment establishments that they go. Tourism and travel-related ser- vices include services provided by hotels and restaurants (including catering), travel agencies and tour operator services, tourist guide services and other related services. One of the most crucial aspects of international tourism is the cross-border movement of consumers. This permits even unskilled workers in remote areas to become services exporters —for instance, by selling craft items, performing in cultural shows, or work- ing in a tourism lodge. Educational Institutions - This is a place where people of different ages gain learning and knowledge, including preschools, childcare, elementary schools, and universities. Educational institutions are further defined as entities that provide instructional ser- vices to individuals or education-related services to individuals and other educational institutions. Arts and Crafts & Souvenirs - Simply defined as the tangible items being offered and displayed for sale to the visitors and tourists at the destinations and attractions. They are the products from whatever is abundant, not endangered and endemic, which can be converted or transformed into new novelty items depicting the local culture of the place. Scanned with CamScanner26 * MA. DOLORES N. SALAMANCA AND HENRIETTA M. ROQUE 10. Indigenous Peoples ~ are people defined in international or national legislation as hay. ing a set of specific rights based on their historical ties to a particular territory, ang their cultural or historical distinctiveness from other populations that are often polit. ically dominant. Indigenous communities, peoples, and nations are those which, hay. ing a historical continuity with pre-invasion and pre-colonial societies that developed on their territories, consider themselves distinct from other sectors of the societies now prevailing on those territories, or parts of them. 11, Clubs - an association or organization dedicated to a particular interest or activity, It can also refer to society, association, organization, institution, group, circle, band, ring orcrew Scanned with CamScannerTOUR GUIDING SERVICES + 27 The Types of Tours jj | } | | 1. Daily -run tours ~a tour conducted on a regular basis. 2. Private tour ~ participated by an individual or couple, or family which has the privacy of having their schedule and specific itinerary, and private transportation. 3. Seat-in-coach (SIC) - joined by tour members, from different pickup points, but going to one and the same destination. They normally do not know each other before the tour, 4. Walking tour — a type of tour where members have to do much walking to see the different places of interests identified in the tour itinerary. 5. Museum tour ~ a visit to the museums as the main part of the tour. 6. Pilgrimage tour - going to places of worship, churches, and religious statues and im- ages are the main attraction of the tour. Scanned with CamScanner28 * MA, DOLORES N. SALAMANCA AND HENRIETTA M. ROQUE . War memorial tour - a visit to cemeteries of Technical tour — may be referred to as plant/company tour — participated by graduating students as part of their educational, out-of-the-classroom observation and immersion activity, related to their field of specialization. Normally, lectures are given on site, ot in the facility provided, with audio-visual presentations about the company, produt or process as the case may be, This is done to compliment the theories learned ia school and experience an actual situation in the industry to have a grasp of what he industry requires after graduation. Eco -tour ~ ecology or preservation of the environment is the focus of an eco-toU" Various types of eco-tours can be availed according to the needs of the guests tht involves both soft and hard activities like hiking, spelunking, bird watching, kayakité sky walking, zip line, canyoneering, cultural immersion, and a lot more. Other specially arranged tour ~ any tour specifically designed for a tourist based 00 need and requirement like farm tourism, spa and wellness, agri-tourism, and othe fallen heroes during the war, includ oldiers who fought and died during land Tour, Plaza Cuartel) markers and memorabilia in honor of the s WWI (Capas Death March, Corregidor Isl Scanned with CamScannerTOUR GUIDING SERVICES « 29 (© Butterfly Garden . }@ Palawan Wildlife Rescue and Conservation Center Iwahig Prison and Penal Farm, Handycraft making Rancho Sta. Monica, Baywalt, Plaza Cust and Muscum, Cathedral © Entrance Fees © Licensed Tour Guide Scanned with CamScanner30 « MA. DOLORES N, SALAMANCA AND HENRIETTA M. ROQUE @ Regular Tour Packages - assembled based on the need or interest of a target market. Ad Hoc Tour Packages - tour packages that are tailor-made to the requirements and specification of a particular traveler or group of traveler. Functions of Tour Operators Conceptualize, plan and develop tour packages Number of participants ‘i Duration of sti Tailor made sees packages Preferred Destination (Ad hoc) Hotel Category Preferred Airlines Based on specific client's needs Other Services Scanned with CamScanner