‘SCIENCE 1. Maria is conducting an experiment to study how heat transfer is affected by the type of Medium through which they travel. Which is the independent variable? A. speed of heat transfer B. thermal energy C. temperature D. type of medium 2. Anna wants to view a plant cell under a magnification of 100x by using a compound microscope. Which objective should she use to achieve her desired magnification if she is using an eyepiece which has a magnification of 10x? A. 110x B. 90x C. 10x D. 100x 3. The diagram below shows a four-generation pedigree of a family. Some members are have sex-linked disease. What can be assumed about the nature of the gene causing the disease? A. Xlinked and dominant B. Limited to females only C. Y-linked and recessive D. X-linked and recessive 4. Below is a diagram of a food web in a terrestrial environment. ms serve as both secondary and final consumers? A. squirrel and hawk B, mountain lion and snake C. hawk and deer D mountain lion and hawk. 5. Pig, chicken, snake, frog, What comes next? [Link] B. shark C. whale D. worm 6. Pigeon-beak; elephant:-trunk; snake:mouth; Man A lips B. mouth C. hands [Link] 7. Based on the roles of each organism in the food chain, which of the following pairs is INCORRECT? A. plant: producer B. eagle:final consumer C. phytoplankton:primary consumer D. mice:secondary consumer 8. Sydney picked 3 small guavas from a tree. All guavas were ripe and had pinkish flesh. Two of the guavas have a worm locatednear the seeds, but only one guava had a hole. What could be said about the Presence of worms in the guavas? ‘A. Only one guava was infected at first then a worm transfers to the other guava. B. Two guavas were infected from the beginning. C. The two guavas were infected while they're still a flower while the other one (with hole) was infected when it was already a fruit D. It is normal to find worms in guavas because they are filled with seeds 9. Which does NOT belong to the group? ‘Squid Dugong = Tuncater al Semar Whale Fin saigray A Tunicates B. Squid C. Sea star D. Fish 10. Some inherited disorders in humans have symptoms such as difficulty in breathing and, in males, infertility. What is the molecular basis of this disorder? A. Defective enzyme in the mitochondria B. Defective actin molecules in cellular microfilaments C. Defective molecules in cilia and flagella D. Abnormal hydrolytic enzymes in the lysosomes 11. Cassie has no history of haemophilia but her father is an albino. John has haemophilia and his mother is an albino. What is the probability that Cassie and John will have an albino son and haemophilia? A. 75% B. 50% C. 25% D. 0% 12. Some people cannot digest lactose, a disaccharide found in milk and dairy products, due to lack of enzyme called lactase. This sugar stays in the intestine and causes loose bowel movement (LBM). Which of the following statements BEST explains the reason for this symptom? A. Lactose irritates the lining of the intestines that causes LBM. B. Loose bowel movement is a way to get rid of a nutrient that a person's body could not process. C. Lactose is processed by bacteria in the intestines which facilitates their growth These bacteria then cause LBM D. If undigested, Lactose can form hydrogen bonds with water in the intestines which leads to watery stool 13. Below are different samples of materials with their respective specific gravity. Which material will settle at the bottom if all these materials were placed in a glass container? A. Honey B. Lamp oil C. Maple Syrup D. Rubbing Alcohol14. In a sealed cylinder, a gas was heated. Which of the following will not increase? A. Average number of gas molecules hitting the cylinder walls per second B. Average kinetic energy of the gas molecules C. Average speed of the gas molecules D. Average distance between the gas molecules 15. Inside a glass tube, nitrogen molecules were allowed to move randomly. Which figure shows the molecules in a state of greatest entropy? 16.A herbicide against Marijuana plant, is a photosynthesis inhibitor with fe of 1000 days. It can cause Parkinson's disease in mice samples, eye imitation, liver and kidney damage to humans thus it was banned in the US and in the Philippines. The safe soil concentration of Paraquat is 0.028g/m*. What is the shortest period of time that it would reach a safe level if the soil in a farm contains 1.8 g/m’ of this herbicide? A. 6.43 X 10%days B. 6.01 X 10°days C. 2.14 X 10°days D. 1.77 X 10°days it ituations or [Link] following are common situatio applications of Newton's Laws of motion. Which classification best represents the applications of the 3 laws of motion? To Fe ror aay ae re gS ary + Pag aren aer | maa + Roasting od ror aid ror cae ae tan |s Tews ta | Oe pore hemneteed 2 te] Reaatnectny + Rewgarem ape | ee contra rs Fi Ta | Rag 2 ag + Tyrmerg e+ npigatat | matey co ra For es Rag a | ya hammered ox te] i 7 noe + Deeg stone | Rectang + onrerg an sero 18. A piston was raised due to the expansion of a heated gas. Which of the following describes the energy exchanges in this process? ‘A. Energy from the piston is transferred to the gas then transferred to the heat source. B. Energy from the heat source is transferred to the gas and push the piston upwards C. Energy, in the form of heat and work done by the piston, is transferred to the gas D. Energy from the heat sources is transferred directly to the piston.19. In a circuit, three identical bulbs are 22. Where will the 5 kg pot be placed on the connected. Assuming the same voltage wi lever in order to balance it with a 15 kg robot applied in each circuit, which would give the at 0.5 m from the fulcrum? highest equivalent resistance? A. 0.5m B. 1.0m c.1.5m D.20m 23. If three bulbs are connected in a circuit, A. lonly what bulb arrangement below that will light B. ll only bulb 1 even if bulb 2 or 3 burn out? C. Ill only D. same for all circ se < 3 Pea es 20. The following figure shows a box being yw % rts pulled along the floor. What is the acceleration of this box? . [qs ° es 24. Keech estimated the average velocity of a vehicle to be 26.82 + 0.20 m/s. Four other students also estimated the average 2mis? velocity of the vehicle. Their estimates are B. 3 mis? shown in the table. Which student's c.4 mis? estimate is most consistent with Keech's? D.6 mis? [Link] image on the right shows a bucket hanging motionless from a rope. ‘Assuming that the rope has no mass. What is the net Bris = 15 22s force on the bucket? A. Student 1 B. Student 2 C. Student 3 0.0N : 20N D. Student 4 C.9.8N D.20N25. Airplane A and airplane B fly along the same paths for a distance of 3,000 mil Airplane A has a constant speed of 600 mph and Airplane B has a constant speed of 580 ‘mph. If they start at the same time, how Many more miles are left for B to fly after A completes its flight? A.60 B. 100 c. 120 D. 150 26. Anna has a pet named Bruno which has a thick fur coat. She noticed that it sleeps for months at a time. After a couple of months of stay in their house, Anna noticed that Bruno is suffering. Because of that, Anna decided to bring Bruno back to its natural habitat. Which biome is applicable to Bruno? A. Tropical Rainforest B. Savanna C. Desert D. Tundra 27. Which of the following statements is TRUE? A. Almost all rocks are made of minerals. B. Almost all minerals are made of rocks. C Both A and B. D. None of the above. 28. What causes the tides in oceans? A. Force of gravitation between the Sun and the Moon B. Gravitational force between the Sun and the Earth C. Force of gravitation between the Earth and the Moon D. All of the above 29. Which of the following is the property of some minerals wherein they break along parallel repetitive planes of weakness to form smooth, flat surfaces A. Cleavage B. Fracture C. Specific Gravity D. Color and Streak 30. The transfer of heat is during conduction flows A. From hot to cold B, From cold to hot C. Both A and B D. All of the above 31. What is the trend of electronegativity of the elements from right to left and from top to bottom? A. Increasing, decreasing B, Increasing, increasing C. Decreasing, decreasing D. Decreasing, increasing 32, Two students are posed to dive off equal height diving towers to a swimming pool below. Student B is twice as massive as student A. Which of the following is true? A, Student B will reach the water sooner than student A. B. Both students have the same gravitational potential energy. C. Both students will have the same kinetic energy just before hitting the water. D. Student B did twice as much work climbing the tower 33. The figure shows a radiation heater. What heat transfer processes are involved at positions E and F? radiation heater A. Eis radiation and F is conduction. B. E is conduction and F is convection. C. Eis convection and F is conduction. D. Eis radiation and F is convection.34. The reason behind Poinsettias (Euphorbia pulcherrima) is the organic dyes found in its leaves. How would you conduct an experiment to separate the pigments inside the Poinsettia leaves? A. Boil the leaves, filter, perform chromatography using the solution. B. Boil the leaves fitter distil the solution C. Boil the leaves, fiter, perform centrifugation on the solution D. Boil the leaves, filter, evaporate the solution 35. Joey placed 4 identical candles on a table and lit each one of them. He covered the candle A with a big jar, covered candle B with a medium-sized jar, and covered candle C with a small jar. He left the candle D uncovered. Which candle probably took the longest time to burn? A. candle D B. candle C C. candle B D. candle A [Link] a flask, water was boiled with a balloon over the top. As the water was heated, the balloon expanded. What has happened to the weight of this flask and balloon in this experiment? A. It has increased as the balloon expands. B. It has decreased as the water boiled away. C. Ithas stayed the same. D. It is unpredictable because the balloon is flexible. 37. As a star exhausts hydrogen in its core, it ‘A. becomes hotter and more luminous B. becomes cooler and more luminous C. becomes hotter and less luminous D. becomes cooler and less luminous [Link]'s flashlight has 3 identical 1.5 volt batteries in it, arranged in a chain to give a total of 4.5 volts. Current passes first 39. 40. through Battery A, then through Battery B, then through Battery C, on its way to the bulb. The flashlight then uses the energy from the batteries. Which battery will run out of chemical potential energy first? A Allthree will run out at the same time. B, Battery A will run out first. C. Battery B will run out first. D. Battery C will run out first. Kate is wearing perfume on her wrist. Some people smelled her perfume. What is the reason behind it? ‘A. The particles of perfume spread from an area of higher concentration, their wrist, to areas of lower concentration B. people can smell the concentrated perfume on the wrist, but it doesn't travel through the air C. some of the perfume leaves the wrist, mixing with air particles D. both A and B Chelsea exerts a constant horizontal force on a large cabinet. As a result, the cabinet moves across a horizontal floor at a constant velocity. The constant force by Chelsea A. is greater than the total force which resists the motion of the cabinet. B. has the same magnitude as the total force which resists the motion of the cabinet. C. is greater than the weight of the cabinet. D. has the same magnitude as the weight of the cabinet. -END OF SECTION-SCIENCE Item Number Answer Explanation The goal of Maria's experiment is to know if the type of medium has an effect on heat transfer. By definition, an independent variable is a variable whose variation does not depend on that of another. Thus, the independent variable in the scenario is the medium of heat transfer. The answer is letter D - type of medium. In order to calculate the magnification of the objective to be used, overall magnification must be divided with the magnification of the eyepiece. Thus, 100x/10x = 10x The answer is letter C - 10x. In the pedigree, squares represent male members of the family and circles represent female members of the family. ‘Shaded figures have sex-linked disease and unshaded figures don't. Notice that the parents (topmost square and circle) have no sex-linked disease. However, among their 5 children, 2 males have sex-linked disease while the 2 females and 1 male don't. On the next generation, the male offspring marries a normal (doesn't have sex-linked disease). Likewise, only 2 males among their 5 children have the sex-linked diseases. Therefore, it implies that the disease is X-linked since males are more prone to inheriting the disease since they only have one X chromosome which came from their mother who is the carrier of the Xclinked recessive gene. It is a recessive allele because it was not manifested in females. The answer is letter D - X-linked and recessive. Hawk is both a secondary and final consumer in the food chain Shrub> Tree > Squirrel > Hawk. Mountain lion is both a secondary and final consumer in the food chain ‘Shrub > Rabbit > Mountain lion and Tree > Deer > Mountain lion The answer is letter D - mountain lion and hawkThe given animals in the question represent different classes of vertebrates, Pig is under Class Mammalia, Chicken is under Class Aves, Snake is under Class Reptilia, Frog is under Class Amphibia, and Milkfish is under Class Actinopterygii. Rat and whale are representatives of Class Mammalia, while worm is an invertebrate. Shark is under Class Chondrichthyes, which is stil not represented in the question, The answer is letter B - shark. The question specified animals and their corresponding body structures used in getting food. As for man, it uses its hands for getting food. The answer is letter C - hands Phytoplanktons are photosynthetic. They are not a primary consumer rather a producer. ‘The answer is letter C - phytoplankton: primary consumer The presence of the worm near its seed and the absence of hole on the guava means that the worm was already present in the fruit while it was still a flower. On the other hand, the hole on the other guava implies that it is already a fruit when the worm was introduced. The answer is letter C -. The two guavas were infected while they're still a flower while the other one with hole) was infected when it was already a fruit. Allof the aquatic organisms in the box are able to move. Only Tunicates are not capable of moving The answer is letter A - Tunicates 10 Moving cilia are found in the lungs, respiratory tract, and middle ear. Sperm cells have flagella The answer is letter C - Defective molecules in cilia and flagella. ab Haemophilia gene is X-linked recessive and for a son to have haemophilia, the mother should carry a gene for this. In the given, Laura has no history of haemophilia making it impossible for a haemophilic son to be born even if Greg has haemophilia. Haemophilia gene is X-linked recessive and the mother should carry this gene inorder for her son to have haemophilia, Cassie has no history of haemophilia which means she doesn't carry a haemophilia gene. Thus, even though she will have a son with John who has haemophilia, it is impossible for them to have a haemophilic son. The answer is letter D - 0% 12 Lactose has extensive hydrogen bonds based on the molecular structure shown. The question asks what is the BEST explanation of the occurrence of LBM. Among the choices, the statement “If undigested, Lactose can form hydrogen bonds with water in the intestines which leads to watery stool.” since it has a technical explanation of the occurrence of LBM by using the molecular structure of Lactose. The answer is letter D - If undigested, Lactose can form hydrogen bonds with water in the intestines which leads to watery stool. 13 Buoyancy of a material is defined by its specific gravity. The smaller the gravity of the material, the higher the likelihood it will float. The larger the specific gravity a material has, the greater chance it will sink or settle at the bottom layer. ‘Among all the materials, Maple Syrup has the largest specific gravity or weight. Hence, Maple Syrup will be at the bottom layer of the glass container. The answer is letter C - Maple Syrup 14 ‘As per the Ideal Gas Law, when a gas is heated, pressure, temperature, and volume will increase. In the scenario, letter A (average number of gas molecules hitting the cylinder walls per second), letter B (average kinetic energy of the gas molecules), and letter C (average kinetic energy of the gas molecules) will ALL increase based on the Ideal Gas Law. But since the cylinder is sealed, letter D (average distance between the gas molecules) will NOT increase. The answer is letter D - Average distance between the gas molecules 15 Entropy describes the randomness and disorder of molecules. The higher the randomness or disorder, the higher the entropy. ‘The cylinder in letter C has the most randomness which means that its entropy is also the highest. The answer is letter C.16 Solution: ((1.8 g/m) / (0.028g/m’)) * (1000) = 64285.71429 = 6.43 X 104days The answer is letter A - 6.43 X 10‘days, 17 © 1st law of motion — law of inertia (e.g. dislodging ketchup from the bottle, tightening the hammerhead on the handle) © 2nd law of motion — law of acceleration (pushing a heavy object, dropping a ball) © 3rd law of motion — law of interaction (colliding billiard balls) The answer is letter C 18 Energy is needed for the gas in the piston to expand. The energy needed would be in the form of heat extracted from the heat source. As the gas expands it converts the energy to work as it pushes the pistol upwards For the piston to expand, energy is needed. In the scenario, energy is in the form of heat that came from the heat source. Because of heat, the gas expands and pushes the piston upwards. The answer is letter B - Energy from the heat source is transferred to the gas and push the piston upwards 19 |. Bulbs in Series Circuit: Req = R, + R,+ Ry II. Bulbs in Parallel Circuit: 1/Req = 1/R1 + WR, + 1/R, Ill. Bulbs in Complex Circuit: First Step: R,, = Ry + Ry 1Req = IR, + Rss Solution: SERIES CIRCUIT: Req = R, + R,+ R= 3R PARALLEL CIRCUIT 4IReq = 1R1 + 1IR, + IR, =1R+ UR+ UR =3R =1/3R COMPLEX CIRCUIT Rig = Ry + Ry =R+R =2R 4IReq = UR, + Rx, =4UR+1/2R =3/2R =3/2RReq = 23 R Bulbs in series circuit will have the highest equivalent resistance. ‘The answer is letter A - | only 20 SF = ma; the net force applied on any object is proportional to its acceleration Fay-F,.ma SON — 10N = (20kg)(a) 40N = (20kg)(a) 40N/20kg = a 2 mis?= a, directed along the direction of the pull force The answer is letter A - 2 m/s? 21 The net force applied on an object is proportional to its acceleration. Since the bucket is at rest and its acceleration is equal to zero, then it has NO or zero net force The answer is letter A - 0.0 N 22 To balance the lever, the heavier object must be located near the fulcrum. Since the robot is 3 times heavier than the pot, the pot should be located three times farther from the fulcrum. Hence, 3*(0.5m) = 1.5m. The answer is letter C -1.5m 23 ‘A- Series circuit: If either bulb 2 or bulb 3 burns out, it becomes an open circuit and none of the remaining bulbs will light. B- Complex circuit: If either bulb 2 or bulb 3 burns out, there will be only one pathway for the flow of electrons. Hence, only one remaining bulb will light. C- Parallel circuit: If either bulb 2 or bulb 3 burns out, there will be two pathways for the flow of electrons. Hence, two remaining bulbs will light. D- Complex circuit: If either bulb 2 or bulb 3 burns out, there will be a single pathway with two bulbs for the flow of electrons. Hence, the two remaining bulbs will light. The answer is letter B 24 Keech average velocity estimate: 27.02] Students 1, 2, 3, and 4 estimates:Variance: Student | uL u_ | Wiansolute value) [ut (absolute value) 1 2509 [2559 153 143 2 1492 | 37.92 4L7 10.9 3 1565 | 3965 1097 163 4 ism | 3872 109 a7 Student 1 is the most consistent with the estimate of Keech since it has the lowest variance or discrepancy with Keech’s estimate. The answer is letter A - Student 1 25 Given: Total distance to finish: 3000 miles Speed of Airplane A: 600 mph Speed of Airplane B: 580 mph Solution: hour | 2hours] 3 hours | 4hours | Shours A 600 _| 1200 | 1a0 | 2400 _| 3000 8 seo | 1160 | 1740 | 2320 | 2900 After Airplane A completes its fight after five hours, Airplane B sfill needs to cover 100 miles (3000 miles - 2800 miles). The answer is letter B — 100. 26 ‘Animals living in Tundra have huge fat reserves which they nourish during their hibernation period. Since Tundra has extreme cold temperatures, animals living in that biome have thick fur coats for protection. 27 Rocks are made of minerals. Only a few minerals are rock forming and most rockis made from a combination of the commonest of these such as feldspars, quartz, mica, olivine, calcite, pyroxene and amphiboles. 28 Tides are the rise and fall of sea levels caused by the combined effects of the gravitational forces exerted by the Moon and the Sun and the rotation of the Earth. 29 Cleavage Is the tendency of a mineral to break along smooth planes parallel to zones of weak bonding, Fracture is the tendency of a Prneral to break along curved surfaces without a definite shape. These mninerals do not have planes of weakness and break irregular 30 when two objects at different temperatures are in \duction occurs: eae Heat flows from the warmer to the cooler contact with each other. 1object until they are both at the same temperature. ct Self explanatory Notice that question did not state that the two students already dived to ‘the swimming pool. Thus, it only asks which is true in the situation (before diving to the pool) 33 ‘When a fluid, such as air or a liquid, is heated and then travels away from the source, it carries the thermal energy along. This type of heat transfer is called convection Radiation is a method of heat transfer that does not rely upon any contact between the heat source and the heated object. The basis of separation via Chromatography is polarity. Because the pigments in the solution are in liquid form, centrifugation will not work. Both distillation and evaporation will work but not as effective as chromatography. 35 A candle that was left uncovered will have the longest time to burn since it has the most amount of oxygen. Note that oxygen Is needed for combustion. The more oxygen, the longer it will take to sustain the fire or combustion. 36 ‘The temperature inside the flask increases when the water is heated. ‘The molecules of the air move further apart occupying more space than before. This causes the balloon to stretch and expand. 37 When a star exhausts the hydrogen in its core, it becomes a giant or supergiant. A giant's outer hydrogen envelope cools as it expands. A giant becomes very large in radius and very cool 38 39 Diffusion is the movement of molecules from a region of high concentration to one of low concentration. If you have ever opened a bottle of cologne or perfume, you have witnessed diffusion. Molecules of the scent escape from the container, where they are present in very high concentration. They spread outward in every direction to regions where they are in low concentration. Your nose is able to detect the smell of the cologne or perfume even if you are quite a distance from the bottle that has been opened. 40