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Filtration and Centrifugation Methods

The document discusses downstream processing techniques for separating cells and biomass from fermentation broth. The initial step is solid-liquid separation using centrifugation or filtration. Filtration methods include depth filters, absolute filters, and rotary drum vacuum filters which can effectively separate yeast cells and fungi. Centrifugation relies on density differences and techniques include tubular bowl centrifuges, disc centrifuges, multi-chamber centrifuges, and scroll/decanter centrifuges. The purified fluid and solid biomass are then separated for further processing or product recovery.

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Uyen Huynh
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79 views2 pages

Filtration and Centrifugation Methods

The document discusses downstream processing techniques for separating cells and biomass from fermentation broth. The initial step is solid-liquid separation using centrifugation or filtration. Filtration methods include depth filters, absolute filters, and rotary drum vacuum filters which can effectively separate yeast cells and fungi. Centrifugation relies on density differences and techniques include tubular bowl centrifuges, disc centrifuges, multi-chamber centrifuges, and scroll/decanter centrifuges. The purified fluid and solid biomass are then separated for further processing or product recovery.

Uploaded by

Uyen Huynh
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Downstream processing

Nội dung công việc:


Extracellular enzymes Intracellular enzymes
Separation of cells from the medium by centrifugation or microfiltration
The initial step in product recovery involves the separation of entire cells (cell biomass) and
other insoluble components from the culture broth (Note: If the desired product is an
intracellular metabolite, it must be released from the cells before subjecting to solid-liquid
separation).
 Filtration
The most used method for separating biomass and culture filtrate is [Link]
variables affect the efficacy of filtration, including the size of the organism, the presence of
other organisms, the viscosity of the medium, and the temperature.
a. Depth Filters
They consist of a matrix of filaments, such as glass wool, asbestos, or filter [Link] particles
are captured by the matrix, while the fluid [Link] utilising depth filters, filamentous fungi
can be removed.
b. Absolute Filters
The particular pore diameters of these filters are smaller than the particles to be
[Link] filters are able to remove bacteria from culture media.
c. Rotary Drum Vacuum Filters
These filters are widely used to separate broth containing 10-40% solids (by volume) and 0.5-
10m-sized [Link] rotary drum vacuum filters for the filtering of yeast cells and
filamentous fungus has proven effective.

The filtration apparatus is comprised of a revolving drum


partially submerged in a broth [Link] the drum rotates, the
biomass is collected and deposited as a cake on its surface. This
filter cake is simple to remove.

d. Membrane Filters
There are two distinct
forms of membrane filtration: static and cross-
[Link] cross-flow filtration, the culture broth is
pumped across the membrane in a transverse
[Link] decreases clogging and is therefore
superior to static filtration.
Types of membrane filter:Microfiltration; Ultrafiltration; Reverse osmosis (hyperfiltration)
4. Centrifugation

The separation of particles by


centrifugation relies on
density differences between
the particles to be separated
and the medium.
Therefore, centrifugation is
predominantly employed to
separate solid particles from liquid phase (fluid/particle separation).
a. Tubular bowl centrifuge
This is a simple and compact centrifuge that is frequently employed in pilot plants.
It is possible to operate a tubular bowl centrifuge at a high centrifugal speed and in either
batch or continuous [Link] solids are manually extracted.
b. Disc centrifuge
It is composed of a number of discs that divide the bowl into settling [Link] feed/slurry is
introduced via a central [Link] purified fluid rises as the sediments settle to the bottom of
the container.
c. Multi-chamber centrifuge
It comprises of many chambers interconnected in such a way that the feed moves in a zigzag
[Link] a result of the much greater force in the peripheral chambers, the smallest particles
settle in the outermost chamber.
d. Scroll centrifuge or decanter
It consists of a spinning horizontal bowl with a tapered end.
Typically, the decanter is used to concentrate fluids with a high solid concentration (biomass
content between 5 and 80 percent).The solids are deposited on the bowl’s wall and can be
scraped off and removed through the narrow end.
[Link]
[Link]

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