MopULE-5

Foite Dleme Mohod Jo Hepeabolic p4llpke tquaho

FDM ON Hypubotic lquahon

)Laor Nendiott techique

4 om omplidk Jinite dikhowne mmahod path ulaly Auiked
o moiching 6oluhon

Hypeuboicomd paioabot oluh ory e

mashing 6ouh'on m

fime omd shae

bnido a l o hald pApblonm govoxned by tha hypeubole

Cquahon on b wwkeady, meisdd 2D (ulei'se Cquahon

Cooh owhy equahon

) Memen hwm equah).

XmomoMwww u U + S

momunhuwm oV
y
tnng quaion

a tme maiChing
le eblain he [Link] (al selukon uing
>
vaiable
appuoachy,Lenhde
4he Ualuws oCalh debenden
the CUwn fime + a 4he
all he
kneusn a
9,u, 0 ) ae

9id poinh o he AelouenL gid peik j

neighbtwng
t laa LOondaoll mehod based on aylo 50u0%epawioo
VM
Anuoe
AVjOAL he value - demily a a lake ime t+AE
giuom by
ttAt (bE)+
(4 ( 2 ()
AeTm enhnuly equahen
t t

A
ennal diHP

)+v -)

yot y

+28 Subs: u
ot
U+ 3P 5ubs: Jum
- uU

(LP
,)+(G
) + P L OP7
(- au y
( +
Applying CUmkAal dilleemue ncheme to the above equahon;
ApPlyiog t

Qinj+
u-24 +Ui ty Ui-j-Ujf
2Am
(01)2

+ji j
24y
+
 Ao his
ashi0 all fhc
0Cond OAde tms
i he
abeve quaho (Ombe ou}tOn

by subs all he above

equahons tn layloA. 60us empansion,
he ValuL
domib a he point
io alaku ime
t+At obrained. his s Lan Wonduotl- 4chniquc
by wi0g
sng his Hechmque los ield vauiables at
gud poink
ac enplioHy oblained a tme t+AE uom the
Coeon lo1
vaiablos at
gidpoios Gj), (i+1j), (t-1,) J),
) a l time t

4F hab
has seENd OAde
acCmayin both sbae amd fime
he dta s
shaighk ouwad but algebta nghy
Much uhis algeba. Cam be seduwd by ing Mac (ovmadk's
meho d

Mac Covmacks Mehod

a a modiped aum o lan hleoduos mahod
buk or in Much imple in ik applicahon
7 heLond oudeu aCuake both i 4paa and ime

emplitity
The objechve o this techiqu wed to knd eu
Vaue o amy lot3 Uati able a the gud poin
uatme
me inkwat sreb t+At hom koo13 valuan at ime t
 omdea denshy () a ha lous vasiable to be
Calulaed at+bt Hme , hen wing aylo 5eues
Mac Covmaccs mehod Cam be ukon as;
t+At ( B )
0
a

sheu the tADsOmrahve value

meam a
blust omd t+0F me.
a siU be alulaed
so as to- Peneave he eLond Oxdo auuauy
Lsihou calulahog the suend Oldoa ime dei vahve.
Lan Wenduotr mehod, the thuee tams
>
laylo
6ies onduding he 6lLend OAde ime deuuakue in
Censideed n ade to alain OLond O1de actuuay

BuBu n Mac loamacks techmqu enly the iiot

Hw toums OnR Hakom shouk my lon o
acua
acuuay
h Ualua o calulahed whng he pudicu
COMeco melhod phlesophy o obkain acuunat ly
) Pudioa sheb

1 his Ae the RHS onhnuiy equabon m ablawd

byouad digjeema.
 felleing aue he es to Calulae paediched value o
deniy, uing aylon eies

S+ ( at

A enlyi OAde accuahe,

imilan equahons Com be ouiHe Jo the PAedicked
t+at
valus o othe Vatiables such a Ui
(COecloA Akeh
COechad
n this Akeb, the PARcliclo values time duivahve a

time t +Dt Calulaked.

>his M achieved by padicked values

Kubs: the S,u and
ine the RHS Onhnuiy equahon amd eplaung
spakial deivahves t Ho Backwand ditHueme
t+Dtt+8t ttatttbtttAb
ie ) 8Pttat

) +(y-Ui +
A
ue)
ttoE
-t+ott+8t\
+

Ch auaage Valus time detivakve lam be (aluulaed

t+t

otat ) 7

the iw 4um on RHS M tha pedicos and second feung

LOethoA.
ha pAedidoa- COMedoA Oquena ebeaed a all gudpatns
to oblaio the donsiy thuoughout th loL jield at tme t+st.
 8n ubs: he aboue quah on o 0 , ene cam

LemplCe the Mac lomak's mehod.

++Dt
t+t a
St
o his name wo u,amd eCam be taluulaBed a

tme t+At.

Summauy Aduamhaqs o Moclomauks

+ethnique
his mehod has a
puwdicou amd a LOuclon srep
A n aveage value o time doivakve sint Caluulaked

Mng
Uing ouLwCud dihwma sthema in paedidou 1shueas
(nDeclou backwaud dihueme scheme sed

he seluhon advamud to he men time laue

Ui ng he oveuage value o the time deuivahve

Sine bot diHwne showmus ane ned, he mmiHhod

has 2d 0Adon accway % Lom Wtmduutr mehod

gr mud M te
apply beuaune, hew s
me need to eualuake ha secend odeu
detivaive
>he d ouwaud diwne sthame
ue
inin puedidou
Huedido
amd badcwoud di etma n
CoAoA i neta
n8f a
mus, ie, iF am be
inkaChanged
 FDM0 lipiccquakon

in FM amd HM Cam be duued to

>an geuamng quakonm
suchw sready slale hea onduthon equahoD,
ei ph Aoum am

velouy poonhal o shDom kumhon equah enso iouompumsble

inuindd louss.
> a2
ypica eliphcal 2quahor in a 2D atoriom s
0)Lablae lquahon
-0
PoiMon's equahon)

inire di hoena OAmulah ona laplaw's equahon

uned ine
oA inibe
geneally theue poink OAmula
diewn oumulai
o

n his AopAvnemahonv o PpE , wnhAal dihuenung sich m

heend oda aLwale n uhid, hauou laglau aquahon
Com be given as;

29j +Pij + dij2 29,j+ij

Am) (y)
Aing huoughouk by (A)
=0
Pi,j-2ijt O + u i j -2jt 9ij4
 le D

P in+ij +Dij+ j
hin the pwnomkakon olaplaue equaion poinh ij

4he Abtuion ohis cam be oblained eheu by dinect

mehod ame's mehod) OAlruakve mehad.

(h vaios omulah onm oireahve mmehodn om be

daijied one tut-
(alegouies
the oumulaiony Aenulk m only one mknovn,
hen ik m (allud poin thauahue
a the komulaion nuolueo mou thom one

mknos9n , d m lamied an line iheuahue memod

Ahe mehods dely med to nolue eli pha equahong au

t) Jacobi ikuakon mehod

Graum Seidel me hod.

Jacobi oraahon me hod

sumphonm
0 he Am guen by
LShilh han a wmq
yM ta2 +A3Mat. +Ain Mg O
sel uion
az +a22M2 +a23Mgt +aan Mo babo
ani M, + Ang 2 t+ an3M3t.
+annM
u) he oelitien matun has ne zoLo's en ih main
diagenal mainly , ,33

eluhion pADuduut Joa Jacob hoahcn Mehod

She
begin selue the m quahion Jo oM,AeUond JouMa
omd sb en o bbrain he 2quahons hoK Aoloing
Shile
ML
cheesing the 0oudu of0quahens, o kin quahon,
Loetidem o Ahould be mou ham tha aueage value
o n2 Omd Mz

e oAy
bi -anM -aigMg
-
M b,- az -a23M3

b
Ono L
-AgiM,- n
-
Sreh
Make aM inihal gun o the noluhon,
2

ie, .. O

Sreb
ubs: hene Val no the RHS O .. to oblai

Air appLomimah orn. OA m itenaho

 Se
appLomimahon ompuked by Aubs:
imilaly
milaly eond

he 4iw appumimah on o valuen inh th RHS

he L34item equahonm

Cenhnue the above ikuakon to fom a nequmu

appaomimahw wmkl he enuk onvegen

G1auw Seidel dteahon mehod

Lim th Jacobi mehod, the valuws o 0 oblained

n he K "h
k ireuahon main umchomged umhl the

enk k+I ikuakor has beenv calulaked

Wi btaum seidel mehod, the latenk valuon on k

be wned as soon as hey al kno3).

e, ene em the iAlquahon Calulaed ,ib

Value m hem wned in Uend equaiê to oblain

tha oeLs n the Aw iheahew tse

Appy Jacobi mehod amd b1aum 5li del mehod to nelue

Aply
he ollotsing sm o- elliphtal equahon
5-20M2+ 3Mg-1
-3M+9+M32
M Ma -

1M3 3
 Lem hL above quahon
A + 5

ol2 2 +

2M-o
Jacobi Fuahon mehod
Put o) ; a0 i 0

IS
reuahm
+M-3 a

3/1 3+2 (
d Put

o--1+201- 3
Ya2+ 34,-
onY 3+20
imilaly
imilauly ikuahens 0ut enhoud Hl sucwve value o

y,02,Ma KRMOi 6ame

Giaws 5idel Mehod

Put 0- 0

Ttuahon -V-1+ 203

a2+2-
ah-Y3 +2-,
 Ys-+ 23
ah a Ya2 +3-
O1 3+ 2-
imilauly ibuah e (om b Lennued wnh he valuo
Q eblai ned imilat
hon nuwwiue ikoah en

Modul 5

Skare the disaduomragon o La Donduott Mechmqua and

Onplain Mac Cotmauks fhoique
Emplain he Mac-loAmadks tehnique Aox Aeloing timt dehendenk
Navia Alols Cquahen

nplain h lon 0tnduo ohevme ou notoing 1D ules

quahens 9ha au ik limilaheny ?

Diss ulon Cauahn oioukid amd inembwmble e

5 Dlluwmhake Jacobi and baum Soidel theuahve meWmods