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Snake Bite Management and Treatment Guide

This document provides information on snake bite management and treatment in the hospital. It discusses rapid clinical assessment, identification of the snake species, and treatment including antibiotics, tetanus prophylaxis, antivenom, and nothing by mouth. The available polyvalent antivenom is effective against four snake species. Indications for antivenom use include neurotoxic signs, swelling, acute kidney injury, cardiovascular or bleeding abnormalities, or haemoglobinuria/myoglobinuria. Each dose consists of 10 vials administered intravenously over 40-60 minutes. Additional treatments may include atropine, neostigmine, respiratory support, or blood transfusion. Criteria for repeating the initial antivenom dose include persisting or

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Ayesh EK
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17 views9 pages

Snake Bite Management and Treatment Guide

This document provides information on snake bite management and treatment in the hospital. It discusses rapid clinical assessment, identification of the snake species, and treatment including antibiotics, tetanus prophylaxis, antivenom, and nothing by mouth. The available polyvalent antivenom is effective against four snake species. Indications for antivenom use include neurotoxic signs, swelling, acute kidney injury, cardiovascular or bleeding abnormalities, or haemoglobinuria/myoglobinuria. Each dose consists of 10 vials administered intravenously over 40-60 minutes. Additional treatments may include atropine, neostigmine, respiratory support, or blood transfusion. Criteria for repeating the initial antivenom dose include persisting or

Uploaded by

Ayesh EK
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Snakes identification features

snake bite management


INVESTIGATIONS
Treatment in hospital

[Link] clinical assessment and resuscitation (ABC)

[Link] clinical assessment (Local, Neurological, Haematological)

[Link] of species (Brought snake live, dead or description, photograph 20 min WBCT
Syndromic approach)

Treatment:

[Link]

[Link] prophylaxis

[Link]

[Link]

Polyvalent Antivenom: In our country now only Polyvalent antivenom from Vins (lindia) is
available in lyophilized powder form. Each vial contain 10 mg of antivenom, which is effective
against systemic envenoming by Cobra, Krait, Russell's Viper and Saw scaled viper. So this type
of antivenom should not be used in bites by Green snake, Sea snakes and identified non-
venomous snake.
Antivenom treatment Indication /criteria for using antivenom: (Not indicated in Green snake and
sea snake)

[Link] signs.

[Link] extension of swelling (more than half of the bitten limb). N.B- not due to green snake
bite or tight tourniquet.

[Link] (not due to see snake).

[Link] abnormalities

[Link] abnormalities.

[Link]/myoglobinuria not due to sea snake.

Anti snake venom therapy

• Dose: Each dose consists of 10 vial of polyvalent antivenom irrespective of age and sex of the
victim.

• Time and administration: Each vial is diluted with 10-ml. of distilled water. 10 such vials (100
ml) is further diluled or mixed with 100 ml of fluid (Dextrose water or saline). Then it is
administered with intravenous infusion within 40-60 min (60-70 drops/min).

• Observation and monitoring: Continuous observation and frequent monitoring of vital signs
should be ensured during antivenom therapy and few hours after its completion. Careful clinical
assessment for appearance of signs and symptoms of antivenom (A/V) reaction should be
performed.

Polyvalent anti-snake venom Active against

[Link] cobra [Link] Krait [Link]’s viper [Link] scaled viper

Additional treatment:

[Link] (15µg/kg ) IV (1.5 amp for adult) 4 hourly & [Link] (50-100 µgm/kg) S/C
(2.5 amp for adult) in each thigh 4 hourly until neurotoxic features improve

Respiratory support- Incase of respiratory failure

Blood transfusion: For patients with coagulopathy.

Criteria for repeating the initial dose of antivenom:

Persisting or deteriorating signs of systemic [Link]. [Link] no improvement or deterioration


of neurotoxic features (cobra or krait) 1-2 hours completion of antivenom.
[Link] or recurrence of blood incoagulopathy after 6 hours of antivenom teatment.

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